Syftet med detta examensarbete är att undersöka komplexiteten i hur pedagogrollen uttrycks ute på förskolegården. Vi har utifrån Goffmans dramaturgiska perspektiv sett förskolegården som en scen och pedagogerna som aktörer vilka spelar olika roller i sin yrkesutövning. Pedagogernas medvetenhet kring vilka roller de intar är av betydelse för barnens utevistelse på förskolegården. Vi utgår i vår studie från att det är en växelverkan mellan händelser och pedagogernas synsätt som avgör vilka roller som pedagogerna intar. Vi har genom observationer tittat på vilka interaktioner pedagogerna är delaktiga i. Resultatet visar att de fem pedagogerna på de fem olika förskolegårdarna var delaktiga i många interaktioner varav övervägande andel var tillsammans med barn. För att beskriva karaktären av interaktionerna mellan pedagoger och barn har vi tolkat dem utifrån Baes analytiska interaktionsverktyg. Vi använde oss av Goffmans ramanalytiska perspektiv för att definiera och kategorisera interaktionerna inom olika ramar, vilka namngavs av oss. Dessa ramar använde vi sedan för att koppla de olika interaktionerna till pedagogens roller vilka även dessa namngavs av oss. Vår definition av pedagogens roller var: omsorgsgivare, organisatör, informatör, observatör, gränssättare, säkerhetsvakt, lekkamrat, undervisare och privat person. Det vi såg i resultatet var att övervägande andel av interaktionerna kunde kategoriseras inom omsorgsramen och några få inom undervisningsramen. Enligt Goffmans ramanalytiska perspektiv kan alla situationer tolkas inom olika ramar, därmed kan pedagogerna inta olika roller i samma situation.

The Middle Cambrian Ute Formation was studied in the Bear River Range and the Wellsville Mountains of north-central Utah and southeastern Idaho. The depositional textures and sedimentary structures found within the rocks were compared with similar modern sediments and ancient rocks to determine depositional environments, paleogeography, and diagenetic alterations. The rocks of the Ute Formation were divided into five basic types. These five rock types were formed within four identifiable lithofacies: 1) elastic marine shelf; 2) carbonate marine shelf; 3) agitated shoal; and 4) quiet-water shoal. The sequence of elastic and carbonate sediments is believed to have been deposited in a shallow, subtidal environment. Clastic sediments from the east and northwest periodically prograded over the carbonate sequences. A major regression marks the base of the Ute Formation. This was followed by a series of transgressions and regressions, until a major transgression occurred near the end of the deposition of the Ute. Paleomagnetic and faunal evidence suggest the study area was within 10° of the equator during the Middle Cambrian. Clay mineralogy of insoluble residues indicates a humid, tropical climate. Primary diagenetic features are compaction, micritization, and cementation. Secondary diagenetic changes include the inversion of high-magnesium calcite to low-magnesium calcite, aggrading neomorphism, stylolitization, fracturing, and calcite infilling. Partial dolomitization of grains and/or matrix is believed to result from the release of magnesium due to the decomposition of magnesium-rich, organic matter. The formation of a lens-shaped body of dolostone may have resulted from dolomitization by a magnesium-rich fluid circulating along faults.

<p><br></p> <p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in providing structural information, aiding in disease diagnosis, probing neuron activities, and etc. Sampling k-space, which is the Fourier transform of the image, is a necessary step in MRI scans. The most widely used k-space sampling strategy is the Cartesian trajectories. However, novel non-Cartesian trajectories are flexible and efficient in k-space sampling, permit shorter echo time, and are insensitive to motion artifacts. The non-Cartesian k-space patterns include radial, spiral, concentric rings, rosette, and etc. Some protons restricted by the chemical environment, or other nuclei because of their nature, have short transverse relaxation times (T₂). Ultra-short echo time (UTE) and zero echo time (ZTE) modalities are the promising techniques to capture the rapid decaying signals directly. The common k-space pattern for UTE and ZTE applications is the three-dimensional radial acquisition, which allows a center-out trajectory. Rosette k-space trajectory, which also allows center-out sampling, is a potential candidate for UTE purposes. In addition, it acquires more samples in the peripheral k-space for better spatial resolution, and is more incoherent to stand image quality upon undersampling than radial. However, the rosette trajectories have not yet been applied in UTE.</p> <p> </p> <p>In this study, a 3D rosette k-space trajectory designed for UTE acquisition is developed. In addition, a rosette-based magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is also developed to measure metabolites with short echo time. A comparison between 3D rosette and 3D radial UTE sequences, based on both phantom and <em>in vivo</em> scans, was performed to test the performance of the novel sequence. In addition, the 3D rosette UTE sequence was also applied in 1) myelin bilayer imaging, 2) brain iron content mapping, 3) cartilage image by sodium MRI, and 4) phosphorus MRSI. In summary, the 3D rosette k-space trajectory performs better than radial, in terms of point spread function (PSF), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and ability to provide structural details. Furthermore, the applications have demonstrated that 3D rosette UTE sequence is able to capture fast decaying signals.</p>

Thesis (M.A.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of History. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 143-146).

Uppsatsen är en undersökning av den svenska konstnären Carl Larssons väggmålningar på läroverken i Sverige under 1890-1903. Undersökningens material består av Carl Larssons tre väggmålningar Svenska kvinnan genom seklen på Nya elementarläroverket för flickor i Göteborg, Skolungdomens korum på Norra latinläroverket för gossar i Stockholm och Ute blåser sommarvind på Göteborgs latinläroverk för pojkar. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur konstnären gestaltar kvinnor, flickor och pojkar och uttrycker sitt barnperspektiv med anknytning till genus- och identitetsperspektiv, där en viktig punkt är att undersöka konstnärens förändring av sitt barnperspektiv genom tiden. Barnperspektiv, genus, identitet och semiotik är mina teorier och metoder.

By using already available resources, you not only think sustainably, but at the same time increase the value of the existing. Kvicksund in Eskilstuna is today a place that lacks commercial and cultural service. The idea of having to fetch something from the outside to increase site value is not the only solution, but the chance of reusing the  existing resources is still possible. The goal is to create a type of gathering place to bring Kvicksund's three generations together and reduce segregation between the ages. Today the primary age group consist of people between 55-85 years old. Even when this population is not considered to contribute to a beneficial function for the society, these people have a wealth of knowledge, knowledge that can be used. However, there is a number of shortcomings amongst this targeted group, such as a lack of knowledge in the technological era that we today rely so heavily on. When it comes to the younger generation (11-16 years of age), there are also strengths and weaknesses in knowledge, but in different fields. The young people's modern knowledge is in direct contrast to the older generation. We have two age groups who both have what the other lacks. The concept for this project is to create a education center for all generations, an "All-Aged" School, where the older and younger take part educating each other from their strengths and weaknesses. For example, there can be a retired math teacher who holds courses for school students, while the young people guide the elderly through the internet, social media, physical activity, etc. / Genom att använda sig av redan tillgängliga resurser tänker man inte bara hållbart, utan man höjer samtidigt värdet av det befintliga. Kvicksund i Eskilstuna är idag en plats som saknar kommersiell och kulturell service. Tanken med att behöva hämta något utomstående för att höja platsen värde är inte den enda lösningen, utan chansen för redan befintliga resurser är möjligt.  Målet är att skapa en samlingsplats för att föra samman Kvicksunds tre generationer och minska segregationen mellan åldersgrupperna. I dagsläget ligger den primära åldersgruppen i Kvicksund mellan åldrarna 55-85 år. Även då denna befolkning inte anses bidra med en gynnande funktion för samhället sitter dessa människor på mänger av kunskap, kunskap som kan nyttjas. De finns dock ett flertal brister bland denna målgrupp, exempelvis kunskap inom den teknologiska eran värden idag förlitar sig på. När det kommer till den yngre generationen (11-16 års ålder), ligger även här styrkor och svagheter inom kunskap, dock inom olika fält. Ungdomarnas moderna kunskaper ligger i direkt kontrast till den äldre generationens. Vi har två åldersgrupper som båda har det den andre saknar.  Konceptet för detta projekt är att skapa ett studiecenter för alla generationer, en ”All-Aged” School, där de äldre och yngre tar del av varandras styrkor och svagheter. Det kan exempelvis vara en pensionerad mattelärare som håller kurser för skoleleverna, medan ungdomarna vägleder de äldre genom internet, sociala medier, fysisk aktivitet, m.m.

This thesis is a study of the events that occurred during the first five months of Fort Duchesne, Utah, between August and December 1886. The primary focus is on Frederick William Benteen, one of the heroes who fought and survived the Battle of the Little Big Horn. The three Ute tribes--Uintah, White River, and Uncompahgne--are also discussed as they pertain to Fort Duchesne.A difficulty arose the first day a site was chosen at Fort Duchesne. Surprisingly, it did not involve the Indians, but the post commander. The central problem is what caused the long delay in building the fort. This study presents several possible theories as to why troops were still billeted in tents during the winter months of December and January. These include Major Benteen's inexperience as a construction engineer commander and his insatiable drinking habit he had acquired.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an imaging modality that acquires an image with little to no damage to the tissue. MRI does not introduce foreign particles or high energy radiation into the body, making it one of the least invasive medical imaging modalities. MRI can achieve excellent soft tissue contrast and is therefore useful for diagnosis of a wide variety of diseases. While there are a wide variety of available techniques for generating contrast in MRI, there are still many open areas for research. For example, many tissues in the human body exhibit such rapid signal decay that they are difficult to image with MRI: they are "MRI invisible". Furthermore, some of the newer MRI imaging techniques have not been fully validated to ensure that they are truly revealing accurate information about the underlying anatomical microstructure that they purport to image. This dissertation focuses on the development of new techniques in two distinct areas. First, a novel method for accurately assessing the MRI signal decay properties of tissues that are normally MRI invisible, such as tendons, ligaments, and certain pathological chemical deposits in the brain, is presented. This is termed "ultrashort MRI relaxometry". Second, two new image processing algorithms that operate on high resolution images of stained histological slices of the ex vivo brain are presented. The first of these image processing algorithms allows the semi-automated extraction of nerve fiber directionality from the histological slice images, a process that is normally done manually, is incredibly time consuming, and is prone to human error. This new technique represents one significant step in the complicated problem of attempting to validate a popular MRI technique, Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), by ensuring that DTI results correlate with the true underlying physiology revealed by histological slicing and staining. The second of these image processing algorithms attempts to extract and segment regions of different "cytoarchitectonic characteristics" from stained histological slices of ex vivo brain. Again, traditional cytoarchitectonic segmentation relies on manual segmentation by an expert neuroanatomist, which is slow and sometimes inconsistent. The new technique is a first step towards automated this process, potentially providing greater accuracy and repeatability of the segmentations in a much shorter time. Together, these contributions represent a significant contribution to the body of MR imaging techniques, and associated image processing techniques for validation of newer MR neuroimaging techniques against the gold standard of stained histological slices of ex vivo brain.

Submitted by Eliene Soares da Silva (eliene.silva@fgv.br) on 2012-06-12T15:47:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Raphael Masvigner - Master Thesis Final Version.pdf: 2997019 bytes, checksum: 97b22fc58e812cb12d6b408b5d47f149 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Eliene Soares da Silva (eliene.silva@fgv.br) on 2012-06-12T15:52:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Raphael Masvigner - Master Thesis Final Version.pdf: 2997019 bytes, checksum: 97b22fc58e812cb12d6b408b5d47f149 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-06-12T16:59:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Raphael Masvigner - Master Thesis Final Version.pdf: 2997019 bytes, checksum: 97b22fc58e812cb12d6b408b5d47f149 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-09 / Electricité de France (EDF) is a leading player in the European energy market by being both the first electricity producer in Europe and the world’s leading nuclear plant operator. EDF is also the first electricity producer and supplier in France. However, Europe, EDF’s core market, is currently underperforming: the European sovereign debt crisis is lowering significantly the growth perspective of an energy market that has already reached its maturity. As a consequence, European energy companies are now looking at international markets and especially BRIC economies where economic growth potential remains high. Among them, Brazil is expected to keep its strong economic and electricity demand growth perspectives for the coming decades. Though Brazil has not been considered as a strategic priority for EDF after the Light reversal in 2006, the current economic situation has led the Group to reconsider its position toward the country. EDF’s current presence in Brazil is limited to its stake in UTE Norte Fluminense, a thermal plant, located in the state of Rio de Janeiro. This report investigates the possibility and the feasibility of EDF’s activities expansion in Brazil and what added value it could bring for the Brazilian power market. Considering that the status quo would not allow EDF to take full advantage of Brazil’s future growth, this work is identifying the various options that are currently opened to EDF: market exit, status quo, EDF alone, local partner. For that purpose, this study collects and analyses the latest energy market data as well as generation companies’ information which are necessary to give a relevant overview of the current brazilian power sector and to present EDF strategic options for the country.

<p dir="ltr">Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element for humans that functions primarily as a coenzyme in several biological processes such as nerve and brain development, energy metabolism, bone growth and development, as well as cognitive functioning. However, overexposure to environmental Mn via occupational settings or contaminated drinking water can lead to toxic effects on the central nervous systems and cause a Parkinsonian disorder that features symptoms such as fine motor control deficits, dystonia rigidity, speech and mood disturbances, and cognitive deficits summarized under the term “manganism”. Over time, Mn exposure has shifted from acute, high-level instances leading to manganism, to low-level chronic exposure. Considering that Mn exposure is significantly lower than in the past, it is unlikely to expect manganism from chronic Mn exposure under current working conditions. Therefore, there is a need to develop sensitive methods to aid in updating the clinical diagnostic standards for manganism and Mn neurotoxicity as chronic exposure to Mn leads to more subtle symptoms.</p><p><br></p><p dir="ltr">Historically, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used as a non-invasive tool for detecting excess brain Mn accumulation. Specifically, T1-weighted images show bilateral hyperintensities of the globus pallidus (GP) due to the paramagnetic properties of Mn which increases the MR relaxation rate R1. Although the GP is considered the hallmark of excess brain Mn, this brain area is not necessarily associated with symptoms, exposure, or neuropsychological outcomes. Thus, the focus should not be on the GP only but on the entire brain. With recent advances in quantitative MRI (qMRI), whole brain mapping techniques allow for the direct measurement of relaxation rate changes due to Mn accumulation. The work in this dissertation uses such quantitative techniques and network science to establish novel computational in vivo imaging methods to a) visualize and quantify excess Mn deposition at the group and individual level, and b) characterize the toxicokinetics of excess brain Mn accumulation and the role of different brain regions in the development of neurotoxicity effects.</p><p><br></p><p dir="ltr">First, we developed a novel method for depicting excess Mn accumulation at the group level using high-resolution R1 relaxation maps to identify regional differences using voxel-based quantification (VBQ) and statistical parametric mapping. Second, we departed from a group analysis and developed subject-specific maps of excess brain Mn to gain a better understanding of the relationship between the spatial distribution of Mn and exposure settings. Third, we developed a novel method that combines network science with MRI relaxometry to characterize the storage and propagation of Mn and Fe in the human brain and the role of different brain regions in the development of neurotoxic effects. Lastly, we explore the application of ultra-short echo (UTE) imaging to map Fe content in the brain and compare it against R2* and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM).</p><p><br></p><p dir="ltr">Overall, this dissertation is a successful step towards establishing sensitive neuroimaging screening methods to study the effects of occupational Mn exposure. The individual Mn maps offer great potential for evaluating personal risk assessment for Mn neurotoxicity and allow monitoring of temporal changes in an individual, offering valuable information about the toxicokinetics of Mn. The integration of network science provides a holistic analysis to identify subtle changes in the brain’s mediation mechanisms of excess metal depositions and their associations with health outcomes.</p>