This dissertation presents software components for processing and analysis of digital images and a system capable to control them in an organized way. The Components must be functional, context-free, readable and maintainable. So far, achieving these basic requirements is a need in the software development process. Software components are designed to be reusable in a variety of different environments. The architecture of programming language used, in the case Java, allows programs to be assembled from software building blocks. In that way the designer can incorporate easily these components into an application, needing just to know your entrance and exit interface. However, to find the right abstractions to build extensible and reusable software is not an easy task. Even experienced object-oriented designers often need to review a design several times before getting to one appropriate solution. Therefore, the idea of design patterns has gained ground quickly since it provides a solution to a certain design problem. These patterns specify a way to build, structure, and manipulate software entities in a reasonably fashion, aiming mainly, to management your complexity in the domain of digital imaging processing to assure your quality. In this paper were built components for image segmentation based on convolution filters, for improvement of the quality of the image through the process of automatic equalization, for image storage in graphic files of different formats, in the creation of a component to visualize the histogram, in the visualization of the image in the screen through graphic interface, in the conversion of the colored images for grayscale formats and in the thresholding process. / Essa dissertação apresenta componentes de software para processamento e análise de imagens digitais e um sistema capaz de controlá-los de forma organizada. Os componentes precisam ser funcionais, flexíveis, legíveis e de fácil manutenção. Assim, alcançar esses requerimentos básicos é uma necessidade no processo de desenvolvimento de software. Componentes de software são projetados para serem usados em uma variedade de ambientes. A arquitetura da linguagem de programação utilizada, no caso Java, permite que os programas sejam montados a partir de blocos de software. Dessa forma o projetista pode incorporar facilmente esse componente em uma aplicação, necessitando conhecer apenas sua interface de entrada e saída. No entanto, encontrar a abstração certa para construir software reutilizável não é uma tarefa fácil. Mesmo os projetistas mais experientes em orientação por objetos freqüentemente precisam revisar um projeto várias vezes antes de conseguir uma solução apropriada. Por essa razão, a idéia de padrões de projeto tem ganhado terreno rapidamente, desde que estabelece uma solução para um certo problema de projeto. Estes padrões especificam uma maneira para construir, estruturar e manipular entidades de software em um estilo racional visando, principalmente, gerenciar a sua complexidade no domínio de processamento digital de imagens para assegurar a sua qualidade. Nesse trabalho foram construídos componentes para segmentação de imagens baseado em filtros de convolução, para melhoria da qualidade da imagem através do processo de equalização automática, para armazenamento da imagem em arquivos gráficos de diferentes formatos, na criação de um componente para visualizar o histograma, na visualização da imagem na tela através de interface gráfica, na conversão da imagens coloridas para tons de cinza e no processo de limiarização.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-09-02T14:02:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SEBASTIÃO ESTEFÂNIO PINTO RABELO JÚNIOR - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCC 2011..pdf: 13091249 bytes, checksum: 1cb0178385eb3bd7c5eb2d8c16dd72ac (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-02T14:02:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SEBASTIÃO ESTEFÂNIO PINTO RABELO JÚNIOR - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCC 2011..pdf: 13091249 bytes, checksum: 1cb0178385eb3bd7c5eb2d8c16dd72ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-11 / Capes / Atualmente, quando se fala em UML, temos os diagramas de sequência como o mais popular entre os diagramas usados para descrever aspectos comportamentais de um software. Por outro lado, temos Java como uma das linguagens orientadas a objetos mais usada no mundo. Entretanto, não encontramos em nossas pesquisas um meio sistêmico para a verificação automática de conformidade entre modelos comportamentais e o código desenvolvido para atender esse modelo. Nesta dissertação, nós desenvolvemos uma abordagem capaz de verificar- esse tipo de conformidade. O uso dessa abordagem permitirá ajudai- desenvolvedores, analistas, e gerentes de projeto a manter a documentação do software atualizada, além de possibilitar a existência de um novo ponto de vista a respeito de defeitos na implementação de um sistema. Para dar suporte a essa verificação de conformidade nós desenvolvemos uma ferramenta baseada em Model Driven Architecture (MDA) capaz de gerar os testes de conformidade aqui apresentados. Além disso, esta dissertação traz uma avaliação da abordagem desenvolvida, a qual apresenta os principais resultados obtidos. / Currently, sequence diagrams are the most popular UML diagrams used to describe behavioral aspects of software systems. On the other hand, Java as one of the most popular object-oriented language used in lhe world. Despite that. there is no systematic approach to support verification between the behavioral design and the implemented source code. In this work, we propose an approach to verify this conformity. The use of this approach vvill help developers, architects, and engineers to maintain the software documentation updated. Its usage allows that the development team and managers to detect behavioral design implementation defects. We also present the tool support built for our approach using Model Driven Architecture (MDA) and a preliminary evaluation about this work.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-09-19T15:04:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FABIANA PAULINO GUEDES - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCC 2002..pdf: 947432 bytes, checksum: 24473a9b6f3a4b10184a06d21f741243 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-19T15:04:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FABIANA PAULINO GUEDES - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGCC 2002..pdf: 947432 bytes, checksum: 24473a9b6f3a4b10184a06d21f741243 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-08-30 / Recentemente, um novo paradigma para a construção de aplicações distribuídas em larga escala tem emergido: agentes móveis. Um agente móvel é uma entidade de software autônoma que é capaz de migrar entre localizações físicas da rede e continuar a sua execução do ponto em que parou antes da sua migração. Até o momento, a maioria das aplicações baseadas em agentes móveis tem sido criada de forma ad-hoc, seguindo pouca ou nenhuma metodologia. Isto se deve ao fato de que os modelos de processos atuais não são suficientes para cobrir todos os aspectos de mobilidade na modelagem, projeto e verificação de tais aplicações. Neste trabalho apresentamos um modelo para o desenvolvimento de aplicações baseadas em agentes móveis que combina o processo iterativo e incremental com o uso de padrões de projeto de agentes móveis e aspectos a serem considerados nas atividades das fases de análise e projeto. Artefatos são produzidos usando uma extensão de UML (Unified Modeling Language) que inclui aspectos relativos à mobilidade para a modelagem do sistema. A fim de ilustrar a aplicabilidade do modelo um estudo de caso é apresentado. / More recently, a new paradigm for developing large-scale distributed applications has emerged: mobile agents. A mobile agent is an autonomous software entity that can migrate to different physical locations and continue its execution at the point where it stopped before migration. Up to now, the majority of existing mobile agent-based applications have been created in an ad-hoc way, following little or no methodology. One reason is that current process models do not properly cover requirements and aspects of mobility in the modeling, designing and verification of such applications. We present a model for developing mobile agent-based applications that combines the standard iterative and incremental unified process with the use of mobile agent design patterns and issues that should be considered in the activities of analysis and design. Artifacts are produced using an extension of the Unified Modelling Language (UML) that copes with mobility. To illustrate the applicability of the model a case study is presented.

Orientador: Eliane Martins / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T16:35:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Letizio_CarolineCastello_M.pdf: 1670478 bytes, checksum: c2f330cd004addd705aef75384effcd2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Teste baseado em modelo é uma técnica na qual um sistema é modelado e geram-se testes a partir do modelo. Esta técnica apresenta como uma das maiores dificuldades a modelagem do sistema. Alguns dos empecilhos encontrados ao modelar são o que considerar do sistema e como representar essas considerações no modelo, incluindo em aplicações Web. Sendo assim, este trabalho propõe um método para auxiliar na modelagem de aplicações Web. Esta escolha é motivada pelo fato que esse tipo de sistema tem sido cada vez mais utilizado nos últimos anos e, com a sua evolução, sua complexidade tem aumentado consideravelmente, devido à dinamicidade e interatividade que esse tipo de aplicação oferece. A abordagem proposta é baseada em trabalhos correlatos, para se saber o que modelar da aplicação Web e como criar o modelo, descrevendo-se o passo-a-passo para se gerar os testes a partir dos modelos desenvolvidos e aplicá-los no sistema. A abordagem deste trabalho sugere tanto formas manuais como automáticas para os testes baseados em modelos. O método foi proposto para testar uma aplicação real: o ambiente de ensino à distância TelEduc. Os resultados, obtidos a partir da aplicação da proposta deste trabalho por um analista de teste e pela própria equipe do TelEduc, são analisados, a fim de validar a proposta e auxiliar no processo de desenvolvimento e aplicação dos testes de equipes de qualidade de software, principalmente, daquelas que não possuem nenhuma forma de organização de testes / Abstract: Model based testing is a technique in which the system is modeled and, from this model, tests can be generated. The major difficulty about this technique is to generate the model, since it is problematic to define what should be considered from the system and insert these characteristics into the model. This technique is also used in Web applications which presents the same challenges. Therefore, the present work proposes a method to assist in the modeling of Web applications. This sort of system has been increasingly used in recent years, where the system¿s complexity has considerably grown due to the dynamic and interactivity that this kind of application offers. The proposed method is based on related works in order to know what to model from the applications and how to create this model. The method contains the steps to generate tests cases from the created model, and how to execute them in the system. This work also suggests manual and automatic ways to execute the method. The proposal has been applied to test a real application: the e-learning Web environment TelEduc. The results obtained from the method¿s application by a test analyst and by the TelEduc team, are here analyzed to validate the method and to assist in the process development and tests execution by quality teams, especially those teams where there are no means of tests organization. / Mestrado / Ciência da Computação / Mestra em Ciência da Computação

The main goal of this work is to create some kind of simple methodology that can help to improve effectiveness of public organizations. There're a lot of theories and methodologies focused on this topic and there is a good chance many new ones will be presented in the future. These came mainly from management field and sometimes from other fields as well. This work focuses mainly on Business Process Reengineering and combines it with other methodologies hoping, it will help in a process improvements in the public sector. Focus is on Czech Republic but this work should be useful to other countries as well, if necessary changes are made in order to shape things that are different between the countries. In this work, a whole project cycle of the public organization processes improvement project can be found, but some project phases will be explained in more detail then the other. Focus is on the analytic parts of the project (strategy creation, use of UML, BSC and other models and methodologies like that) rather than the project management parts of the project. All the practical examples are from public sector organization -- namely the administrative office of one of the city districts of Prague. After reading this work, reader should have moderate understanding of the application of a BPR methodology in the public sector and how it can be supported by other methodologies. There is also big portion of models and diagrams in this work showing pieces of reality from chosen public organization. Their meaning is to show what is usually done in this kind of project and how to understand the models. This works goal isn't creation of a guideline to UML or any other modeling principles.

<p>Software modeling is an integral practice for software engineers especially as the complexity of software solutions increase. There is precedent in industry to model information systems in terms of functions, structures, and behaviors. While constructing these models, abstraction and systems thinking are employed to determine elements essential to the solution and how they are connected. However, both abstraction and systems thinking are difficult to put in practice and difficult to teach due to the, often, ill-structured nature of real-world IT problems. Unified Modeling Language (UML) is the industry standard for software modeling but unfortunately it is often used incorrectly and misunderstood by novices. This has also been observed in educational contexts where students encounter difficulty in employing the appropriate level of abstraction in modeling and programming contexts and not necessarily being able to view or treat software systems as being interconnected. </p> <p>The researcher detailed a multi-methods approach, through the lens of pragmatism, towards understanding patterns of student proficiency with abstraction and software modeling in terms capturing the functional, structural, and behavioral aspects of an information system, as given by the Structures-Behaviors-Function framework. The quantitative strand involved the development of rubrics to analyze functional, structural, and behavioral models given by UML activity diagrams, class diagrams, and sequence diagrams, respectively. The subjects of this study were students enrolled in a sophomore-level systems analysis and design class. Descriptive analysis revealed patterns of modeling proficiency. Students were generally proficient in modeling the system in terms of functions but there was an overall drop-off in proficiency when modeling the system in terms of structures and behaviors. The results of the clustering analysis revealed underlying profiles of students based on abstract thinking and systems thinking ability. Two distinct clusters – high performing students and moderate performing students – were revealed with statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of abstract thinking and systems thinking ability. Further correlational analysis was performed on each cluster. The results of the correlational analyses pointed to significant positive associations between software modeling proficiency and the constructs of abstract thinking and systems thinking. Logistic regression analysis was then performed, and it could be inferred from the regression model that abstract thinking in terms of behaviors and systems thinking in terms of aligning sequence diagrams with activity diagrams were the most important predictors of high performance. </p> The qualitative strand of this study involved a case study approach using the think-aloud protocol centered around exploring how students utilized abstract thinking and systems thinking while constructing software models. The participants of this study were students who had completed the sophomore-level systems analysis and design course. Thematic analysis was utilized to identify themes of abstract thinking and systems thinking within the epistemic games of structural, functional, and process analyses. Two different approaches towards modeling information systems were identified and chronological visualizations for each approach were presented. Overall, it could be inferred from the results and findings of the study that the learning design of the sophomore-level course was successful in equipping students with the skills to proficiently model information systems in terms of functions. However, the students were not as proficient in modeling information systems in terms of structures and behaviors. The theoretical contribution of this study was centered around the application of the SBF framework and epistemic forms and games in the context of information systems. The methodological contributions pertain to the rubrics that were developed which can be used to evaluate software modeling proficiency as well as abstract thinking and systems thinking. Abstract thinking and systems thinking were successfully characterized in the context of information systems modeling. The results of this study have implications in computing education. The suggested instructional approaches and scaffolds can be utilized to improve outcomes in terms of structural and behavioral modeling proficiency.

Executable and Translatable UML (xtUML) is a high level software development method where models are developed using UML diagrams and action language code. Model compilers can translate a model into another programming language which is then executable. When developing xtUML models one of the main benefits is that the documentation of the program is created at the same time as the program in the shape of UML diagrams. It is therefore also important that it is possible to create good UML diagrams that gives the reader a good and clear understanding of how the program works without having to look at the code. One problem is the use of arrays and structured data types in the models because they can make a model more difficult to understand and therefore it would be good to be able to refrain from using them and instead model arrays and structured data types as classes with relations between them. This becomes an issue when an array should be sent to another domain in the system because a lot of action language code must be written which is inconvenient. A solution to this problem would be to send class object instances directly to other domains. In this thesis a solution to the problem has been proposed along with alternate options of solving it. The proposed solution has also been implemented in an existing model compiler and the results show that the performance in compilation time is slower compared to when using the built-in arrays and structured data types, but faster or the same compared to letting the user write its own code for sending object instances. The execution time for a small model using the new solution has increased by a lot compared to using arrays and structured data types, and the size of the executable file has almost doubled but if bigger models are created this difference may become negligible.

L'évolution rapide des besoins dus entre autres à l'innovation technique, la concurrence ou la réglementation conduit souvent à décrire le cadre d'étude des systèmes d'information dans des modèles conceptuels, pour faciliter l'évolution du fonctionnement des systèmes. La mise au point de ces modèles s'effectue en plusieurs phase au cours desquelles collaborent plusieurs équipes de nature différente, chaque intervenant apportant sa perception du système à construire en se limitant à la partie de son domaine de spécialisation. Il faut alors concilier les différentes perceptions. L'objectif essentiel de la thèse est de concevoir les mécanismes permettant d'une part d'obtenir le modèle factorisant les concepts communs à plusieurs modèles et, d'autre part, de proposer aux concepteurs une méthodologie de suivi de l'évolution de la factorisation. Pour réaliser la factorisation, nous avons mis en œuvre l'Analyse Formelle de Concepts et l'Analyse Relationnelle de Concepts (ARC) qui sont des méthodes d'analyse de données basées sur la théorie des treillis. Dans un ensemble d'entités décrites par des caractéristiques, les deux méthodes extraient des concepts formels qui associent un ensemble maximal d'entités à un ensemble maximal de caractéristiques partagées. Ces concepts formels sont structurés dans un ordre partiel de spécialisation qui les munit d'une structure de treillis. L'ARC permet de compléter la description des entités par des relations entre entités. La première contribution de la thèse est une méthode d'analyse de l'évolution de la factorisation d'un modèle basée sur l'AFC et l'ARC. Cette méthode s'appuie la capacité de l'AFC et de l'ARC à faire émerger au sein d'un modèle des abstractions thématiques de niveau supérieur, améliorant ainsi la sémantique des modèles. Nous montrons que ces méthodes peuvent aussi être employées pour suivre l'évolution du processus d'analyse avec des acteurs. Nous introduisons des métriques sur les éléments de modélisation et sur les treillis de concepts qui servent de base à l'élaboration de recommandations. Nous effectuons une expérimentation dans laquelle nous étudions l'évolution des 15 versions du modèle de classes du système d'information SIE-Pesticides. La seconde contribution de la thèse est une étude approfondie du comportement de l'ARC sur des modèles UML. Nous montrons l'influence de la structure des modèles sur différentes variables étudiées (comme les temps d'exécution et la mémoire occupée) au travers de plusieurs expérimentations sur les 15 versions du modèle SIE-Pesticides. Pour cela, nous étudions plusieurs configurations (choix d'éléments et de relations dans le méta-modèle) et plusieurs paramètres (choix d'utiliser les éléments non nommés, choix d'utiliser la navigabilité). Des métriques sont introduites pour guider le concepteur dans le pilotage du processus de factorisation et des recommandations sur les configurations et paramétrages à privilégier sont faites. La dernière contribution est une approche de factorisation inter-modèles afin de regrouper au sein d'un modèle l'ensemble des concepts communs à différents modèles sources conçus par différents experts. Outre le regroupement des concepts communs, cette analyse produit de nouvelles abstractions généralisant des concepts thématiques existants. Nous appliquons notre approche sur les 15 versions du modèle du SIE-Pesticides. L'ensemble de ces travaux s'inscrit dans un cadre de recherche dont l'objectif est de factoriser des concepts thématiques au sein d'un même modèle et de contrôler par des métriques la profusion de concepts produits par l'AFC et surtout par l'ARC. / The rapidly changing needs among other things due to technical innovation, competition and regulation often leads to describe the context for the study of conceptual models in information systems to facilitate the evolution of operating systems. The development of these models is carried out in several phases during which several working teams of different nature, providing each participant's perception of the system to be built is limited to the part of his area of specialization. It must then reconcile the different perceptions.The main objective of the thesis is to design mechanisms to obtain a share of the model factoring concepts common to several models and, secondly, to provide designers with a methodology for monitoring the evolution of factorization.To perform the factorization, we have implemented the Formal Concept Analysis and Relational Concepts Analysis (RCA), which are methods of analysis based on the theory of lattice data. In a set of entities described by features, both methods extract formal concepts that combine a maximum of entities to a maximum set of shared characteristics together. These formal concepts are structured in a partial order of specialization that provides with a lattice structure.The CRA can complement the description of the entities by relationships between entities.The first contribution of the thesis is a textbf {method a model for analyzing the evolution of the factorization based on the FCA and the RCA}. This method builds the capacity of the AFC and the CRA to emerge in a model of thematic abstractions higher level, improving semantic models. We show that these methods can also be used to monitor the analytical process with stakeholders. We introduce metrics on the design elements and the concept lattices which are the basis for the development of recommendations. We conduct an experiment in which we study the evolution of the 15 versions of the model class of information-Pesticides EIS system.The second contribution of this thesis is a textbf {depth study of the behavior of the RCA on UML models.} We show the influence of model structure on different variables studied (such as execution time and memory used) through several experiments on 15 versions of the EIS-Pesticides model. For this, we study several configurations (choice of elements and relations in the meta-model) and several parameters (choice of using unnamed elements, choice of using airworthiness). Metrics are introduced to guide the designer in managing the process of factoring and recommendations on the preferred configurations and settings are made.The last contribution is a textbf {approach to inter-model factorization} to group in a model all the concepts common to different source models designed by different experts. In addition to the consolidation of common concepts, this analysis produces new abstractions generalizing existing thematic concepts. We apply our approach on 15 versions of the model EIS-Pesticides.All this work is part of a research framework which aims to factor thematic concepts within a model and control metrics by the profusion of concepts produced by the FCA and especially by RCA.

1 EINFÜHRUNG Der Beitrag diskutiert ein Vorgehensmodell zur Übertragung eines Vernetzungsansatzes für sehr kleine Wertschöpfungseinheiten, vornehmlich aus dem Maschinenbau, in die Domäne Dezentrale Energieversorgung. Es handelt sich dabei um den kompetenzzellenbasierten Vernetzungsansatz (KVA), ein Artefakt des DFG-Forschungsprojektes „Hierarchielose regionale Produktionsnetze“ (Sonderforschungsbereich 457). Das Lernen setzt die Analyse sowie das Erkennen und Verstehen des Forschungsgegenstandes KVA voraus. Von besonderem Interesse sind die Forschungsergebnisse zu den aufbau- und ablauforganisatorischen Grundbetrachtungen über die Zusammenarbeit von Kompetenzzellen. Können diese Ergebnisse einen wissenschaftlichen und praktischen Nutzen für die Organisation von Anbietergemeinschaften aus Stromerzeugern und -verbrauchern stiften? Dazu werden das Gestaltungskonzept Zwei-Ebenen-Kooperation und das Konzept der Kompetenzzelle untersucht. Für die Übertragung wird die Modellierungssprache Unified Modeling Language 2 (UML2) zur Beschreibung von Struktur, Funktion und Organisation vorgeschlagen.

[pt] O ensino de computação gráfica aplicada é de muita importância no processo de simulação computacional de problemas de engenharia. Atualmente, muitos programas de computador, de fácil utilização, têm melhorado este trabalho, como é o caso do MATLAB. A geração e manipulação de um modelo geométrico, que é a forma mais realista e apropriada de representar o problema a ser estudado, são etapas muito importantes na simulação computacional. O uso do mouse permite que estas etapas se tornem mais interativas e de fácil compreensão. Por este motivo, neste trabalho desenvolve-se uma classe genérica no contexto da programação orientada a objetos, no ambiente MATLAB, que permite gerenciar eventos de mouse em um canvas. O objetivo desta classe é ser utilizada no desenvolvimento de programas gráficos e interativos em MATLAB, principalmente para fins educacionais. Visando atender a essas expectativas, adotou-se a Orientação a Objetos, que possibilita a criação de códigos reutilizáveis. Aliada a essa técnica, utiliza-se a Unified Modeling Language, uma linguagem gráfica que permite a visualização, construção e documentação do desenvolvimento de um sistema computacional orientado a objetos. Para determinar o correto funcionamento e praticidade da classe desenvolvida, são implementadas duas aplicações interativas no software MATLAB; a primeira para desenhar pórticos planos em 2D e a segunda para demostrar o funcionamento do círculo de Mohr para estado plano de tensões. / [en] Teaching of applied computer graphics is of great importance in computational simulation of engineering problems. Currently, many user- friendly computer programs have improved this work, as is the case with MATLAB. The generation and manipulation of a geometric model, which is a more realistic and appropriate way to represent the problem to be studied, are very important steps in the computational simulation. The use of the mouse allows these steps to become more interactive and easy to understand. For this reason, in this work a generic class is developed in the context of object-oriented programming (OOP) in the MATLAB environment, which allows managing mouse events in a canvas. The goal of this OOP class is to be used as a base class in the development of graphics and interactive programs in MATLAB, mainly for educational purposes. In order to meet these expectations, an OOP paradigm was adopted, which enables the creation of reusable codes. Together to this technique, the Unified Modeling Language (UML) is used, a graphic language that allows the visualization, construction and documentation of the development of an object oriented computational system. To determine the correct functioning and practicality of the developed class, two interactive applications are implemented in MATLAB; the first to draw frame structures in 2D and the second to demonstrate the Mohr circle for stress state.