In peoples hyperconnected lives, a price to pay is their internet privacy and the different risks it faces the second their browser connects to the web. One such risk comes from how web tracking collect and analyze users information. This paper explores an approach to how web browsers can inform its users about the web tracking technique Fingerprinting, and through the concept presentation of this approach see: what key key aspects of visual aesthetics that affects the users experience when being informed; and to what extent differences in technological interest and knowledge affect users reception of Fingerprinting information, and the implementation implications the differences leads to. For this purpose a high fidelity prototype was created to: represent the concept of web browsers having integrated educational pages meant to inform its users on topics such as Fingerprinting, and to; be used in a user test. The results showed: a lack of knowledge on the existence of Fingerprinting; that differences in technological interest and knowledge among users affected what aspects of visual aesthetics they valued; and that those with less technological interest and knowledge to a higher degree had their attitudes towards Internet Privacy affected by the prototype’s information. It also showed that the differences affects users approach and interactions with software, and that the design implications this brings are to be considered for future browser functionality implementations. / <p>Självständigt Examensarbete (Forskningsartikel)</p>

This thesis contains the development of a software capable of evaluating the performance of ten unique photovoltaic (PV) systems located 10 kilometers outside of Västerås, Sweden. The ten systems have different configurations according to this list: Dual-axis tracking Single-axis tracking with 30°tilt Ground mounted, free-standing with 19° tilt Ground mounted, free-standing with 41° tilt Roof mounted with 19°tilt   Each of the above configurations exist with and without installed power optimizers adding up to a total of ten unique systems. The development goal for the evaluation software is to provide the user with a variety of tools to determine which of the systems that has the best yield and performance. Integrated in the development of the software is therefore a literature study where it is investigate how photovoltaic systems operate and especially how their performance can be evaluated. Some of the frequently used parameters are; system yield, reference yield and performance ratio. The software features are focused around presenting the data collected from the PV systems in a variety of graphs. The different types of graph are designed to let the user easy compare the data between the systems and thus find how and why a particular system is performing better than the others. The software is developed in a Matlab environment and has an intuitive user interface. The thesis time-frame is too short for any conclusive result to be presented, but to showcase the software features a short-termed evaluation of the systems have been performed. The period evaluated is a three week period in the middle of May 2014. The short-termed evaluation highlights several scenarios and issues that can arise. It has been detected throughout the project that it is difficult to separate which effects that causes one system to be better than the other. Irregularities seen in the data can be caused by many factors. Some of the more evident are; installed power optimizers, differences in system configurations and shadow patterns. By using the software effects like array shading and inaccurate measurements has been discovered. / Evaluation of first MW PV plant in Sweden

[pt] Este estudo foi motivado pela utilização, ainda em caráter experimental, de um tradutor automático por uma empresa multinacional de localização de software. A fim de contribuir para essa iniciativa pioneira no país, propomos uma avaliação do programa, enfocando as implicações da utilização desta tecnologia no processo de localização de software. Empregamos a taxonomia proposta pelo FEMTI (Framework for the Evaluation of Machine Translation in ISLE), desenvolvida especialmente para a avaliação de tradução automática, com base nas normas ISO/IEC de qualidade de software. São considerados aspectos operacionais, como a integração do sistema de tradução automática às ferramentas de memória de tradução, bem como questões relacionadas à linguagem. O corpus utilizado para a avaliação foi um manual de usuário de um telefone celular. Além dos problemas lingüísticos recorrentes na maioria das ferramentas de tradução automática disponíveis atualmente, são analisados os desvios relacionados à tradução da interface com o usuário, mais especificamente aos menus do telefone celular. Esses desvios são discutidos dentro das categorias pertinentes da taxonomia do FEMTI e, sempre que possível, foram sugeridas soluções. Para complementar a análise lingüística, apresentamos outros três estudos realizados para o português. Nossos resultados indicam que o sistema pode ser bem-sucedido neste mercado em função principalmente da delimitação do domínio e da adoção dos procedimentos impostos pelo processo de localização. Esse sucesso depende da integração do tradutor automático às memórias de tradução e de investimentos relativamente pequenos na atualização dos recursos lingüísticos (regras gramaticais e dicionários) para refletir as características próprias do domínio e do tipo de texto. / [en] This study was motivated by the trial implementation of a machine translation engine by a multinational software localization company. In order to contribute to this innovative experiment in the Brazilian market, we evaluate the engine, focusing on the implications of its implementation in the software localization industry. We use the FEMTI (Framework for the Evaluation of Machine Translation in ISLE) taxonomy, which is based on the ISO/IEC guidelines for software evaluation. Operational aspects, such as the engine s integration with translation memory tools, are taken into consideration, as well as language issues. Our evaluation is based on the machine translated version of a mobile phone user guide. In addition to the language problems common to most machine translation engines currently available, we analyze issues related to the user interface, particularly to the phone menus. These problems are discussed as examples of each related FEMTI topic and we suggest solutions whenever possible. To add to our language evaluation, we present three other studies dedicated to Portuguese. Our results indicate the engine can be successful in this industry mainly in terms of domain restriction and localization workflow procedures. Its success depends on its integration to translation memory tools and requires relatively little investment in updating the language resources (rules and dictionaries) to reflect the language characteristics specific to domain and text type.

Motor and communication disabilities are common conditions that may implicate restrictions in daily life. With development of eye tracking technology, a solution referred to as eye-gaze interaction has been generated to support people with their limiting conditions to solve communication and computer access issues. By using eye tracking technology, which calculates the user’s eye-gaze location on a computer screen, user’s are able to control computers with their eyes as an input. This interaction method is quite unique and complex since the eyes serves both as an input and output source. Usability aspects revolving human information processing are therefore important to consider when designing user interfaces. In collaboration with Tobii AB, the study evaluated two separate eye-gaze interaction systems for controlling computers. 7 participants conducted user tests, one for each application, and answered interview questions during the tests regarding their usability experience. Based on the collected data,17 design guidelines was established with a purpose to enhance usability for eye-gaze interaction systems.

Os dispositivos de assistência ventricular (DAVs) podem ser utilizados para a estabilização hemodinâmica de pacientes à espera do transplante cardíaco. Os avanços nas tecnologias e a utilização de materiais biocompatíveis vem contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de dispositivos com dimensões reduzidas e menor trauma ao sangue. A avaliação do desempenho desses dispositivos demanda a utilização de simuladores hidráulicos do sistema circulatório que reproduzam as pressões e fluxos existentes nas condições fisiológicas de interesse. Este trabalho tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de um simulador da circulação pediátrica com ajustes automatizados de pressões. O simulador é composto por um circuito hidráulico modelando os laços sistêmico e pulmonar e um sistema microcontrolado com uma interface de usuário para medição e visualização dos fluxos e pressões ventriculares e automatização dos ajustes das pressões arteriais aórtica e pulmonar (PAo, PAP) e das pressões atriais esquerda e direita (PAE, PAD). Duas bombas pulsáteis com 15 ml de volume de ejeção são utilizadas para modelar os comportamentos mecânicos dos ventrículos esquerdo e direito. As complacências da aorta e da artéria pulmonar e as pré-cargas dos ventrículos são simuladas por câmaras com volumes ajustáveis de ar e líquido (análogo sanguíneo) utilizando uma bomba de ar. As resistências hidráulicas dos laços são ajustadas por oclusores motorizados. Os sinais instantâneos dos fluxos de entrada e saída dos DAVs e das pressões arteriais, atriais e ventriculares são obtidos por transdutores e digitalizados em um microcontrolador que comanda os oclusores e a bomba de ar. Foram desenvolvidos algoritmos para ajustes das resistências, complacências e pré-cargas. Uma interface gráfica de usuário apresenta os sinais em tempo real (ou gravados) permitindo a escolha dos parâmetros e condições de simulação. O desempenho do sistema de automatização foi avaliado nas simulações de: 1) condições definidas pelo aplicativo da interface e 2) condições fisiológicas (normal e redução na contratilidade do miocárdio). No modelo hidráulico sistêmico as pressões foram ajustadas em ambas as situações com erro máximo de 0,5% para a PAo e 5% para a PAE em aproximadamente 80 segundos. No modelo completo da circulação o erro máximo para as simulações de condições fisiológicas foi de 4% para as pressões arteriais e 5% para as atriais. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que o simulador desenvolvido permite reproduzir adequadamente as características da circulação pediátrica essenciais para a avaliação do desempenho de dispositivos de assistência mecânica. O simulador é portátil, de fácil utilização e pode ser utilizado como ferramenta didática ou para o treinamento de profissionais da saúde envolvidos em assistência a pacientes com suporte circulatório. / Ventricular assist devices (VADs) can be used for the hemodynamic stabilization of patients waiting for heart transplantation. Advances in the technologies and the use of biocompatible materials have contributed to the development of devices with reduced dimensions and blood trauma. Evaluation of the performance of these devices demands the use of hydraulic simulators of the circulatory system that reproduce pressures and flows existing in physiological conditions of interest. This work aims to develop a simulator of the pediatric circulation with automated adjustments of pressures. The simulator consists of a hydraulic circuit modeling the systemic and pulmonary branches and a microcontrolled system with a user interface for monitoring flows and ventricular pressures, and automating adjustments of aortic and pulmonary arterial pressures (AoP, PAP) and left and right atrial pressures (LAP, RAP). Two pulsatile pumps with 15 ml ejection volume are used to model the mechanical behavior of the left and right ventricles. Aortic and pulmonary arterial compliances and preloads of the ventricles are simulated by chambers with adjustable volumes of air and fluid (blood analog) using an air pump. Motorized clamps adjust the hydraulic resistances of the loops. Instantaneous signals of VAD input and output flows and of arterial, atrial and ventricular pressures are obtained by transducers and digitalized in a microcontroller that commands the clamps and the air pump. Algorithms were developed to adjust the resistances, compliances and preloads. A graphical user interface displays signals in real time (or recorded) and allows selection of simulation parameters. The performance of the automation system was tested setting pressures in two situations: 1) simulations of random conditions defined by the interface software and 2) simulations of physiological conditions (normal and low myocardial contractility). In the systemic model, the pressures were adjusted in both cases (maximum error of 0.5% for AoP and 5% for LAP) in approximately 80 seconds. In the complete model, the maximum error for simulations of physiological conditions was 4% for arterial pressures and 5% for atrial pressures. The results obtained demonstrate that the simulator developed allows mimicking the relevant features of the systemic and pulmonary branches of the circulation needed to assess the performance of mechanical circulatory assist devices. The simulator is portable, easy to operate and can be applied in teaching and training of health professionals working with mechanical circulatory support of patients.

No description available.

Voice is the primary tool of communication to a majority of people on earth. Humans are wired to process speech, meaning voice interaction require little cognitive effort. Advancements in voice technology over the last 20 years have seen an increased prevalence of voice-controlled applications. However, false expectations can potentially cause severe interaction deficiencies to many of these voice user interfaces. One of the many application areas being connected to voice is access solutions such as smart locks. With a fundamental value proposition of keeping people and their belongings safe and secure in convenient ways, access solutions require that many of the design decisions are delicate. The present thesis aimed to evaluate how expectations of access solutions in home environments can be affected by different voice attributes. A literature study was conducted to explore the rich body of research on the topic of voice technology and the psychological effects of synthesized speech. Based on the literature study, a design process with recognized methods for developing voice user interfaces was conducted. The design process led up to a Wizard of Oz test that was used to evaluate how different conversational strategies and voices affected expectations and perception of a voice-controlled smart lock. The results showed that choosing an appropriate conversational style is fundamental to provide users with a sense of control. Furthermore, the study provided insight on how previous experience of interacting with voice-controlled devices have an impact on the feeling of personalization in gendered synthesized voices. Finally, the study discusses some ethical considerations that have to be made when designing voice user interfaces that ultimately should provide value to users, not confine their privacy. / Röst är den primära kommunikationskällan för de flesta människorna på jorden. Förmågan att bearbeta tal är något människor föds med, vilket gör att interaktion genom röst kräver liten kognitiv ansträngning. Framsteg inom röstteknologi under de senaste 20 åren har lett till ett ökat utbud av röststyrda applikationer. För många av dessa röststyrda applikationer existerar en risk att falska förväntningar leder till avsevärt försämrad interaktion. Ett av många applikationsområden där röst börjar framträda är accesslösningar såsom smarta lås. Med sitt fundamentala värde att hålla människor och deras tillgångar trygga och säkra utan att kompromissa enkelheten, kräver utformningen av accesslösningar flera delikata beslut. Därmed har studien ämnat att utvärdera hur användares förväntningar på röststyrda accesslösningar påverkas av röstattribut. För att undersöka och öka förståelsen av röstteknologi och de psykologiska effekterna av tal, genomfördes en litteraturstudie av existerande forskning initialt. Baserat på fynden i litteraturstudien startades sedan en designprocess för utveckling av ett röstgränssnitt. Erkända metoder användes för framtagandet av ett användarvänligt gränssnitt. Designprocessen låg till grund för ett Wizard of Oz test där olika konversationsstrategier och röster påverkade förväntningar av och uppfattningen av ett röststyrt smart lås. Resultaten visar att det är fundamentalt att välja en passande konversationsstil för att ge användare en känsla av kontroll. Studien påvisade även hur tidigare erfarenheter av röststyrda applikationer påverkar förväntningar av andra röststyrda applikationer och gör dem mer eller mindre personliga. Vidare diskuteras etiska avvägningar som måste göras när man designar röstgränssnitt som ska medföra användarvärde och inte inskränka användarnas integritet.

Os dispositivos de assistência ventricular (DAVs) podem ser utilizados para a estabilização hemodinâmica de pacientes à espera do transplante cardíaco. Os avanços nas tecnologias e a utilização de materiais biocompatíveis vem contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de dispositivos com dimensões reduzidas e menor trauma ao sangue. A avaliação do desempenho desses dispositivos demanda a utilização de simuladores hidráulicos do sistema circulatório que reproduzam as pressões e fluxos existentes nas condições fisiológicas de interesse. Este trabalho tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de um simulador da circulação pediátrica com ajustes automatizados de pressões. O simulador é composto por um circuito hidráulico modelando os laços sistêmico e pulmonar e um sistema microcontrolado com uma interface de usuário para medição e visualização dos fluxos e pressões ventriculares e automatização dos ajustes das pressões arteriais aórtica e pulmonar (PAo, PAP) e das pressões atriais esquerda e direita (PAE, PAD). Duas bombas pulsáteis com 15 ml de volume de ejeção são utilizadas para modelar os comportamentos mecânicos dos ventrículos esquerdo e direito. As complacências da aorta e da artéria pulmonar e as pré-cargas dos ventrículos são simuladas por câmaras com volumes ajustáveis de ar e líquido (análogo sanguíneo) utilizando uma bomba de ar. As resistências hidráulicas dos laços são ajustadas por oclusores motorizados. Os sinais instantâneos dos fluxos de entrada e saída dos DAVs e das pressões arteriais, atriais e ventriculares são obtidos por transdutores e digitalizados em um microcontrolador que comanda os oclusores e a bomba de ar. Foram desenvolvidos algoritmos para ajustes das resistências, complacências e pré-cargas. Uma interface gráfica de usuário apresenta os sinais em tempo real (ou gravados) permitindo a escolha dos parâmetros e condições de simulação. O desempenho do sistema de automatização foi avaliado nas simulações de: 1) condições definidas pelo aplicativo da interface e 2) condições fisiológicas (normal e redução na contratilidade do miocárdio). No modelo hidráulico sistêmico as pressões foram ajustadas em ambas as situações com erro máximo de 0,5% para a PAo e 5% para a PAE em aproximadamente 80 segundos. No modelo completo da circulação o erro máximo para as simulações de condições fisiológicas foi de 4% para as pressões arteriais e 5% para as atriais. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que o simulador desenvolvido permite reproduzir adequadamente as características da circulação pediátrica essenciais para a avaliação do desempenho de dispositivos de assistência mecânica. O simulador é portátil, de fácil utilização e pode ser utilizado como ferramenta didática ou para o treinamento de profissionais da saúde envolvidos em assistência a pacientes com suporte circulatório. / Ventricular assist devices (VADs) can be used for the hemodynamic stabilization of patients waiting for heart transplantation. Advances in the technologies and the use of biocompatible materials have contributed to the development of devices with reduced dimensions and blood trauma. Evaluation of the performance of these devices demands the use of hydraulic simulators of the circulatory system that reproduce pressures and flows existing in physiological conditions of interest. This work aims to develop a simulator of the pediatric circulation with automated adjustments of pressures. The simulator consists of a hydraulic circuit modeling the systemic and pulmonary branches and a microcontrolled system with a user interface for monitoring flows and ventricular pressures, and automating adjustments of aortic and pulmonary arterial pressures (AoP, PAP) and left and right atrial pressures (LAP, RAP). Two pulsatile pumps with 15 ml ejection volume are used to model the mechanical behavior of the left and right ventricles. Aortic and pulmonary arterial compliances and preloads of the ventricles are simulated by chambers with adjustable volumes of air and fluid (blood analog) using an air pump. Motorized clamps adjust the hydraulic resistances of the loops. Instantaneous signals of VAD input and output flows and of arterial, atrial and ventricular pressures are obtained by transducers and digitalized in a microcontroller that commands the clamps and the air pump. Algorithms were developed to adjust the resistances, compliances and preloads. A graphical user interface displays signals in real time (or recorded) and allows selection of simulation parameters. The performance of the automation system was tested setting pressures in two situations: 1) simulations of random conditions defined by the interface software and 2) simulations of physiological conditions (normal and low myocardial contractility). In the systemic model, the pressures were adjusted in both cases (maximum error of 0.5% for AoP and 5% for LAP) in approximately 80 seconds. In the complete model, the maximum error for simulations of physiological conditions was 4% for arterial pressures and 5% for atrial pressures. The results obtained demonstrate that the simulator developed allows mimicking the relevant features of the systemic and pulmonary branches of the circulation needed to assess the performance of mechanical circulatory assist devices. The simulator is portable, easy to operate and can be applied in teaching and training of health professionals working with mechanical circulatory support of patients.

The increase in connectivity and use of “smart” devices offers companies new possibilities to improve their efficiency by using digitalization. For example, booking of meeting rooms have gone from using a paper calendar to electronic booking. To enable both digital remote booking, as well as being able to book a room directly (as with a paper calendar) this project has developed a room manager system. The room manager is a device that provides a quick and intuitive way for employees to handle conference room booking. The project was started on behalf of the company ÅF, who would like to optimize their use of conference rooms.  The result was a fully functional touchscreen device built using a Raspberry Pi. The room manager integrates successfully with the existing calendar system used at ÅF and meets all the requirements set by ÅF. The device will be used to determine if a room manager system is worth investing in and may be used as a foundation for continued development.

Technology needs to be designed considering various usage contexts. Today many parents use social media. Children are allowed to have a social media account by some social media websites if they are above a certain age. Social media is diverse in content that it is sometimes suitable for viewing by children and sometimes not. Parents sometimes wish to show some specific content from their social media page to their children. The page that they wish to show could have a content that is not suitable for viewing by children. This presents a problem to both the parent and child as users who sit together to view the intended content. This thesis intends to study on the different use contexts when the parent and child would want to sit together viewing a social media page sharing the same device. The study would also try to understand how the parent would envision to have the social media user interface during such usage contexts. This study also aims to trigger further research on the problems related to computer mediated interaction of people and children using the virtual sphere especially in social media encompassing the data analytics that would be needed in the background to ease such a communication.