The hot carrier dynamics of Zn0.91Cd0.09Se/ZnSe multi-quantum wells were studied using the femtosecond time-resolved photoluminescence upconversion technique. The carrier cooling behavior was investigated for different compositions at various lattice temperatures. The hot carriers generated photoexcitation by 405nm Ti:sapphire laser pulses release their excess energy primarily through carrier-LO-phonon interaction. As the excess energy reduce to the amount that lower than the energy of LO phonon, the excess energy was released by carrier-TA-phonon scattering before radiative recombination occurs. We have determined the scattering times of carrier-LO-phonon scattering at different lattice temperatures. No hot phonon effects was found at low photoexcited carrier density. The dependence of photoluminescence lifetime on wavelength was also discussed.

<p>Uppsatsen syftar till att belysa och diskutera personalens och ungdomarnas uppleverlser kring arbetet med mötesplatsen Punkten i förhållande till dess tänkta syfte, samt att undersöka vilka skillnader och likheter som förekommer mellan dessa två grupper. Syftet har belysts genom fältobservationer och kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer, datamaterialet har analysterats utifrån den fenomenografiska metoden. I materialet har jag funnit fyra centrala teman; Behovet av en mötesplats, Att arbeta i grupp, De vuxna och Punkten ur ett KASAM perspektiv. Dessa teman har sedan analyserats utifrån teorier om; Känsla av sammanhang, livsfas, ungdomsperioden, socialisation och gruppsykologi. De centrala slutsaterna i studien är att både ungdomarna och personalen upplever att det finns ett behov av mötesplatsen i bostadsområdet. Däremot har den osäkra ekonomin bidragit till ett bristande engagemang men även det att ungdomarna är upptagna med andra aktiviteter. Samarbetet mellan ungdomar och personal har fungerat bra, däremot har det uppstått en “vi” och “dom” upplevelse inom ungdomsgruppen. Detta har bidragit till att det tänkta syftet med studien uppfyllts till en viss del men inte helt.</p>

Zugl.: Berlin, Freie Univ., Diss., 2003

Rasistisk "nyhetsmedia" på Internet har växt i samband med den alltmer framträdande rasistiska politiken i Europa och de diskurser som skribenterna på webbplatserna producerar berör oundvikligen många människors vardag. Dessa webbplatser utpekas i Sverige ofta av massmedia som "de där rasisterna" i en bekväm distansering, och mindre arbete görs för att förstå webbplatsernas faktiska roll i reproduceringen av strukturell och institutionell diskriminering i samhället. Denna studie undersökte under en 3 månaders period den rasistiska webbplatsn Avpixlats uppladdade "nyheter" samt kommentarer som medlemmar skrev på dessa. Empirin analyserades utifrån teori om andrafiering och intersektionella perspektiv inom en kritiskt diskursanalytisk ram. Studiens resultat visade på hur rasistisk "nyhetsmedia" på Internet reproducerar andrafiering och diskriminerande föreställningar i linje med diskursiva strategier som tidigare forskning påvisat hos annan media. Studien argumenterar att rasistiska "nyhetsmedier" genomgående fortsätter samma tradition av modern rasism och sexism som karaktäriserar massmedia i stort. / <p>2015-06-23</p>

Uppsatsen syftar till att belysa och diskutera personalens och ungdomarnas uppleverlser kring arbetet med mötesplatsen Punkten i förhållande till dess tänkta syfte, samt att undersöka vilka skillnader och likheter som förekommer mellan dessa två grupper. Syftet har belysts genom fältobservationer och kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer, datamaterialet har analysterats utifrån den fenomenografiska metoden. I materialet har jag funnit fyra centrala teman; Behovet av en mötesplats, Att arbeta i grupp, De vuxna och Punkten ur ett KASAM perspektiv. Dessa teman har sedan analyserats utifrån teorier om; Känsla av sammanhang, livsfas, ungdomsperioden, socialisation och gruppsykologi. De centrala slutsaterna i studien är att både ungdomarna och personalen upplever att det finns ett behov av mötesplatsen i bostadsområdet. Däremot har den osäkra ekonomin bidragit till ett bristande engagemang men även det att ungdomarna är upptagna med andra aktiviteter. Samarbetet mellan ungdomar och personal har fungerat bra, däremot har det uppstått en “vi” och “dom” upplevelse inom ungdomsgruppen. Detta har bidragit till att det tänkta syftet med studien uppfyllts till en viss del men inte helt.

Research shows that Muslims are often reproduced within the context that reinforces stereotyping of Muslims, see for example Otterbeck and Schielke. They are often regarded as a collective group with no distinct individuals and thereby the Islamic religiosity is portrayed as different and deviant from the more secular and private practiced Protestantism that is a common belief in Sweden. The purpose of this work is to study the already existing representation of Muslim women in a Western context, i.e. Muslim women in Sweden. This is done through an analysis of two ethnographic interviews and observational studies, written by researchers in Sweden (Karlsson Minganti and Sultan Sjöqvist) to investigate the existence of an "us and them" mindset. The two ethnographic studies which are analyzed in this work, deal with different types of Muslims: women who have been Muslims since birth and converted Muslim women. Furthermore, each researcher's results are put in relation to postcolonial theories to interpret and understand the conclusions of the researchers. My conclusion is that there are clear tendencies of an "us and them" mindset, where researchers place their research object as "them". The women are portrayed as different, with different values in relation to the "Swedish society" or the "Western world". Many of the women show awareness of being assigned the position of "the others" by the society. The women, both the converted and the ones who have been Muslim since birth, think that they do not fall into the norm of whiteness, they do not identify themselves as the "normal western woman" and they position themselves as a minority, forming the notion that they are "them" and confirming the exclusion of themselves. Other clear trends are the researchers ways to interpret and understand women's lives on the basis of the white 'middle-class women's experiences and thereby excluding the Muslim women’s own perception of their conditions of life.

Homeownership and Opportunity for People Everywhere VI (HOPE VI) is dramatically changing the face of public housing. The HOPE VI program proposes to replace barracks-style and high rise apartments with a new public housing landscape built on the planning principles of New Urbanism: small-scale developments of single family homes and townhouses with front lawns and porches. Academic and governmental analyses of HOPE VI have used economic, political, and social perspectives to analyze this significant financial investment, radical landscape alteration, and change in residents lives. This dissertation analyzes the process of HOPE VI and its attendant landscapes using a critical humanist perspective focused on the human, emotional dimension of public housing policy. By bringing together geography, psychology, sociology, and philosophy literatures on emotion with geographic literatures on critical humanism and the cultural landscape this dissertation shows that specific emotions such as disgust, fear, shame, and enjoyment permeate, shape, and direct public housing policy and appearance in different places and across time. More specifically, the dissertation shows that 1) disgust, fear, shame, and enjoyment constitute both the political and economic logic essential to HOPE VI and 2) disgust, fear, shame, and enjoyment are articulated through and crystallized in reactions to the public housing landscape its aesthetic and social context. The overall contribution of the project is to first, challenge the binaries that often structure academic and governmental analyses of HOPE VI including rational-emotional, outsiders-residents, creation-implementation, and national-local. In challenging these binaries, the project offers an alternative way to think about and understand HOPE VI and housing policy. And second, the dissertation contributes to the methods literature by exploring how to analyze emotion through discourse analysis and how to ask people about emotions.

My paper, “Us and Them – an analysis of the creation of “the Other” in The Reluctant Fundamentalist and The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas”, aims to examine Mohsin Hamid´s and John Boyne´s novels from the years 2007 and 2008. The paper tries to answer the following questions: How is “the Other”and“Us and Them”created in the novels? And: What consequences does the thinking in terms of “the Other”and“Us and Them”lead to in the novels? The examination is done through the method of close reading and by applying the theory of Orientalism and Edward W. Said’s analysis of the theory to the reading. It is, I believe, of utmost importance for teachers to create unity among their pupils, and peaceful and democratic classrooms where co-work is promoted. This is especially important in multi-cultural classrooms where different ethnicities, cultures, religions, nationalities, and so on, are present and represented. Unity, peace, democracy, and co-work prevent negative ways of thinking in terms of “the Other”or/and“Us and Them”among pupils, and they are also terms that the curriculum refer to. Literature can be a tool and a method to do this by, used properly. This is why I, a becoming teacher, have decided to close examine two novels that many Swedish schools have in class settings and find out whether they are creating unity, peace, and democracy between people or if they on the contrary are creating disruption between people and maybe support negative ways of thinking in terms of “the Other”and“Us and Them”. The examination of the novels revealed that they both do create “the Other”and“Us and Them ”and that it leads to negative consequences in the novels. But this only makes the novels perfect material for teaching, if, the teacher offering this material to pupils does not just expect pupils to read the novels, but helps them reflect upon them and problematize the themes, the events, and the characters in them.

F. tularensis is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen and it is the causative agent of tularemia. It has the ability to replicate to high numbers within a variety of host cells, including macrophages. Little is known of its virulence mechanisms; however, all species of Francisella contain a cluster of virulence genes known as the Francisella Pathogenicity Island (FPI), which is thought to encode a type 6 secretion system. While 14 of the 18 FPI genes encode products required for intracellular growth in macrophages, the functions of most of these proteins remain to be determined. Therefore, further work is required to understand the role played by the FPI in Francisella pathogenesis. In this thesis, the localization of the core FPI proteins IglA, IglB, IglC and IglD, was examined in order to further elucidate of the structure and activities of the FPI-encoded secretion system. Deletion mutagenesis of pdpA was performed to determine how host intracellular signalling might be affected by secretion of the putative FPI effector protein PdpA. In addition, variations in virulence between different biotypes of Francisella were investigated with respect to the role played by the FPI protein PdpD. Considering the highly infectious nature of Francisella and the absence of a quality vaccine, it is clear that this organism represents an excellent model for proof of principle investigations focussing on new vaccine technologies for intracellular pathogens. The second half of this thesis describes the construction and characterization of live attenuated temperature-sensitive vaccines. These vaccines were created in the intracellular pathogen F. novicida through allelic replacement of essential genes with naturally-occurring, cold-adapted, thermolabile homologues isolated from Arctic bacteria. Thus, the objectives of this work were twofold: to provide further characterization of the structural components and effector proteins associated with the FPI-encoded secretion system, and to develop a new and effective vaccine technology for use against intracellular bacteria. / Graduate

Syftet med uppsatsen är att se vad situationen att positioneras som “andra generationens invandrare” har för inverkan på identitetsskapandet hos unga kvinnor. Vi använder oss av ett diskurspsykologiskt och intersektionellt angreppssätt där vi vill synliggöra de identiteter, det vill säga de subjektspositioner de unga kvinnorna intar, tillskrivs och erbjuds i interaktionen. Med detta vill vi nå en ökad förståelse för och kunskap om vilka konsekvenser, möjligheter och/eller begränsningar denna position har för den enskilda individen. Vi ämnar synliggöra de processer som samverkar och påverkar de unga tjejernas identiteter. Det vi funnit är att det genom ett aktivt skillnadsskapande hos respondenterna konstrueras ett delat samhälle där en tolkningsrepertoar kring “vi” och “dem” används aktivt. Detta diskursiva sammanhang gör vissa subjektspositioner möjliga och andra omöjliga. De mest framträdande subjektspositionerna som framkommer av vår analys är “den stolta invandraren”, “den problemtyngda invandrartjejen” och den dubbla positionen som “svensk” och “icke-svensk”.