Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T13:48:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GUILHERME BURJACK DE CARVALHO.pdf: 1515265 bytes, checksum: c54277c32ef5395536b820feb12486ab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-20 / The Winners and sellers: the use of multilevel marketing as a strategy of expansion of a neo-pentecostal goiana aims to discuss strategies of multilevel marketing techniques Vine Church in cells to establish in the competitive religious market . The text was drawn from the theory of religious market , and you can then see how the market weaves webs that can be found in the doctrinal discourse of Vine Church . The importance of analyzing the doctrinal discourse that appropriates the concepts of market, it gives the possibility to understand the Pentecostal religious field can establish ownership , reframe new discursive practices in order to meet their ambitions . For this research we took as a basis the writings of Vine Church in comparison to cells and from the research of Miller (2011 ) over a multilevel marketing company . Thus the research is divided into three chapters . The first chapter discusses the historical premises of the Vine Church in cells , the second chapter of Theology Vine Church in cells and finally the third chapter will address the Vine Church and the use of multilevel marketing / A pesquisa vencedores e vendedores: o uso do marketing multinível como estratégia de expansão de uma igreja neopentecostal goiana tem por finalidade debater as estratégias de marketing multinível utilizadas pela Videira Igreja em Células para estabelecer no concorrido mercado religioso. O texto foi elaborado a partir da teoria do mercado religioso, sendo possível então perceber como as teias que o mercado tece podem ser encontradas no discurso doutrinário da Igreja Videira. A importância da análise do discurso doutrinário que apropria os conceitos de mercado, se dá pela possiblidade de compreender que o campo religioso neopentecostal consegue estabelecer, apropriar, resignificar novas práticas discursivas na finalidade de atender as suas ambições. Para a realização desta pesquisa tomou-se como base os escritos da Videira Igreja em Células e a comparação a partir da pesquisa de Monteiro (2011) sobre uma empresa de marketing multinível. Dessa forma a pesquisa se estrutura em três capítulos. O primeiro capítulo aborda os pressupostos históricos da Videira Igreja em Células; o segundo capítulo A teologia da Videira igreja em Células e por fim o terceiro capítulo, abordará a Igreja Videira e o uso do marketing multinível.

Phytophthora infestans (Mont) de Bary is a devastating pathogen in potato producing regions around the world. Populations of the organism in Canada shifted during the mid-1990’s as the US-1 strain (A1, metalaxyl-sensitive) was displaced by the highly aggressive, US-8 strain (A2, metalaxyl-insensitive). An increase in the incidence and severity of late blight has followed. Late blight is controlled by cultural practices aimed at eliminating disease sources and by the application of foliar fungicides. Tubers can become infected at harvest from contact with blighted vines leading to severe losses in storage. In many production areas, growers desiccate vines two to three weeks prior to harvest to reduce late blight tuber rot. However, in Manitoba, because of the loss of potential yield that results from vine killing prior to harvest in a late maturing cultivar such as Russet Burbank, growers are reluctant to adopt this practice. The objective of this study was to develop recommendations for preharvest management practices that reduce storage losses due to late blight. Field trials were conducted in 1997 and 1998 to investigate the effect of vine desiccation with diquat and/or a late season application of chlorothalonil and copper hydroxide on yield, processing quality, and disease development in storage. Desiccating vines with diquat two weeks prior to harvest reduced yield and tuber size. Compared to the untreated control, the largest reductions in marketable yield were observed for the early September harvest. By the late September harvest, however, the effect of vine killing in reducing marketable yield was less apparent. Specific gravity was lower in the vine killed treatment for all harvest dates in 1997 and in the early and mid September harvests in 1998. Vine killing did not contribute to elevated levels of reducing sugars or consistently darker fry colour at harvest or during storage. Skin-set was improved when vines were desiccated for all harvest dates in 1997 and at the early September harvest date in 1998. Vine killing reduced tuber rot in storage caused by Fusarium dry rot and Pythium leak for the early and mid September harvest dates in 1997. The incidence of late blight tuber rot was reduced in storage for the early September harvest in 1998 when vines were desiccated. The late-season application of chlorothalonil and copper hydroxide did not reduce tuber rot in storage in storage either year. Results from this study indicate that vine killing two weeks before an early to mid- September harvest is not recommended in Manitoba because of reductions in yield and specific gravity. Alternative management practices to reduce late blight tuber rot in storage should be investigated. / February 2005

This Master’s thesis studies the possibility of using image processing as a tool to facilitate vine management, in particular shoot counting and assessment of the grapevine canopy. Both are areas where manual inspection is done today. The thesis presents methods of capturing images and segmenting different parts of a vine. It also presents and evaluates different approaches on how shoot counting can be done. Within canopy assessment, the emphasis is on methods to estimate canopy density. Other possible assessment areas are also discussed, such as canopy colour and measurement of canopy gaps and fruit exposure. An example of a vine assessment system is given.

<p>This Master’s thesis studies the possibility of using image processing as a tool to facilitate vine management, in particular shoot counting and assessment of the grapevine canopy. Both are areas where manual inspection is done today. The thesis presents methods of capturing images and segmenting different parts of a vine. It also presents and evaluates different approaches on how shoot counting can be done. Within canopy assessment, the emphasis is on methods to estimate canopy density. Other possible assessment areas are also discussed, such as canopy colour and measurement of canopy gaps and fruit exposure. An example of a vine assessment system is given.</p>

Understanding pesticide transport is crucial to evaluate their ecological impact on ecosystems. Current knowledge on the spatial variability of pesticide deposition, the impact of erosion on pesticides export and the in situ pesticide degradation is very limited at the catchment scale. In this thesis, characterisation and modeling at two scales, the plot and catchment, were combined in two agricultural contexts. A formalism was developed to predict pesticide transport in runoff and was integrated in LISEM (LImbourg Soil Erosion Model). The results show that impermeable roads contributed to more than 40% to the overall load of fungicides exported via runoff from the vineyard. Pesticide partitioning between suspended solids and runoff water differed largely according to the molecules and the hydrological dynamics. The occurrence of degradation products and the enrichment of one enantiomer were observed suggesting the potential of chiral analyses for assessing biodegradation of chiral pesticides at such scale. Overall, the investigation demonstrated that combining different approaches enable a better understanding of pesticide transport.

Phytophthora infestans (Mont) de Bary is a devastating pathogen in potato producing regions around the world. Populations of the organism in Canada shifted during the mid-1990’s as the US-1 strain (A1, metalaxyl-sensitive) was displaced by the highly aggressive, US-8 strain (A2, metalaxyl-insensitive). An increase in the incidence and severity of late blight has followed. Late blight is controlled by cultural practices aimed at eliminating disease sources and by the application of foliar fungicides. Tubers can become infected at harvest from contact with blighted vines leading to severe losses in storage. In many production areas, growers desiccate vines two to three weeks prior to harvest to reduce late blight tuber rot. However, in Manitoba, because of the loss of potential yield that results from vine killing prior to harvest in a late maturing cultivar such as Russet Burbank, growers are reluctant to adopt this practice. The objective of this study was to develop recommendations for preharvest management practices that reduce storage losses due to late blight. Field trials were conducted in 1997 and 1998 to investigate the effect of vine desiccation with diquat and/or a late season application of chlorothalonil and copper hydroxide on yield, processing quality, and disease development in storage. Desiccating vines with diquat two weeks prior to harvest reduced yield and tuber size. Compared to the untreated control, the largest reductions in marketable yield were observed for the early September harvest. By the late September harvest, however, the effect of vine killing in reducing marketable yield was less apparent. Specific gravity was lower in the vine killed treatment for all harvest dates in 1997 and in the early and mid September harvests in 1998. Vine killing did not contribute to elevated levels of reducing sugars or consistently darker fry colour at harvest or during storage. Skin-set was improved when vines were desiccated for all harvest dates in 1997 and at the early September harvest date in 1998. Vine killing reduced tuber rot in storage caused by Fusarium dry rot and Pythium leak for the early and mid September harvest dates in 1997. The incidence of late blight tuber rot was reduced in storage for the early September harvest in 1998 when vines were desiccated. The late-season application of chlorothalonil and copper hydroxide did not reduce tuber rot in storage in storage either year. Results from this study indicate that vine killing two weeks before an early to mid- September harvest is not recommended in Manitoba because of reductions in yield and specific gravity. Alternative management practices to reduce late blight tuber rot in storage should be investigated.

This thesis discusses the progress made towards a formal total synthesis of triptolide, a naturally occurring diterpenoid triepoxide molecule. Isolated from a Chinese vine, triptolide features some interesting structural characteristics and has demonstrated a broad range of interesting medicinal effects. It has demonstrated remarkable cytotoxicity against a number of cancer cell lines, immunosuppressive activity, and reversible male sterility. This biological activity has made it a target of a number of total syntheses spanning from 1980 to 2010. Gold-catalyzed transformations are an emerging field in synthetic organic chemistry, but their efficacy and potential uses are gaining much recognition among the synthetic organic community. Our research group is extremely interested in the applications of such gold-catalyzed organic transformations in natural product synthesis. Here, we discuss our investigations towards accessing the tetracyclic core of triptolide using a gold-catalyzed cyclization cascade reaction. We explored a number of synthetic routes towards a common linear precursor, and our successes and failures are discussed herein. We also report numerous unsuccessful efforts towards an oxidative gold-catalyzed cyclization cascade to form the tetracyclic core of triptolide. Finally, we investigated the use of a photocatalytic radical cyclization cascade to access the desired core. We report some promising preliminary results, and this study is ongoing in the Barriault group.

Phytophthora infestans (Mont) de Bary is a devastating pathogen in potato producing regions around the world. Populations of the organism in Canada shifted during the mid-1990’s as the US-1 strain (A1, metalaxyl-sensitive) was displaced by the highly aggressive, US-8 strain (A2, metalaxyl-insensitive). An increase in the incidence and severity of late blight has followed. Late blight is controlled by cultural practices aimed at eliminating disease sources and by the application of foliar fungicides. Tubers can become infected at harvest from contact with blighted vines leading to severe losses in storage. In many production areas, growers desiccate vines two to three weeks prior to harvest to reduce late blight tuber rot. However, in Manitoba, because of the loss of potential yield that results from vine killing prior to harvest in a late maturing cultivar such as Russet Burbank, growers are reluctant to adopt this practice. The objective of this study was to develop recommendations for preharvest management practices that reduce storage losses due to late blight. Field trials were conducted in 1997 and 1998 to investigate the effect of vine desiccation with diquat and/or a late season application of chlorothalonil and copper hydroxide on yield, processing quality, and disease development in storage. Desiccating vines with diquat two weeks prior to harvest reduced yield and tuber size. Compared to the untreated control, the largest reductions in marketable yield were observed for the early September harvest. By the late September harvest, however, the effect of vine killing in reducing marketable yield was less apparent. Specific gravity was lower in the vine killed treatment for all harvest dates in 1997 and in the early and mid September harvests in 1998. Vine killing did not contribute to elevated levels of reducing sugars or consistently darker fry colour at harvest or during storage. Skin-set was improved when vines were desiccated for all harvest dates in 1997 and at the early September harvest date in 1998. Vine killing reduced tuber rot in storage caused by Fusarium dry rot and Pythium leak for the early and mid September harvest dates in 1997. The incidence of late blight tuber rot was reduced in storage for the early September harvest in 1998 when vines were desiccated. The late-season application of chlorothalonil and copper hydroxide did not reduce tuber rot in storage in storage either year. Results from this study indicate that vine killing two weeks before an early to mid- September harvest is not recommended in Manitoba because of reductions in yield and specific gravity. Alternative management practices to reduce late blight tuber rot in storage should be investigated.

De nombreuses sources cellulosiques sont disponibles en Tunisie en grandes quantités. On trouve par exemple des déchets d'origines agricoles (tiges de vignes) et des déchets marins (Posidonia oceanica feuilles et pelotes). La valorisation de ces déchets peut donc présenter une activité économique intéressante permettant la production de nouveaux produits et de matériaux biosourcés, c'est-à-dire de produits obtenus à partir de la biomasse végétale. Ce travail porte sur la préparation, la caractérisation et l'application de la nanocellulose. En fait, différentes qualités de nanocellulose, à savoir des nanocristaux de cellulose (NCC) et des nanofibrilles de cellulose (NFC), ont été produites et caractérisées par diverses méthodes. L'objectif était de mieux comprendre la structure et la morphologie des nanofibres obtenues à partir des deux plantes. Enfin, divers nanocomposites ont été élaborés en utilisant soit des nanocristaux de cellulose ou des nanofibrilles de cellulose comme élément de renfort de matrices polymères de type polyacrylate. Les résultats obtenus ont été comparés à ceux reportés pour d'autres sources de plantes annuelles et de bois et montrent clairement que l'on peut considérer Posidonia oceanica et la tige de vigne comme une nouvelle source d'éléments de nanorenfort dans les applications nanocomposites. / Many cellulosic sources are available in Tunisia in large quantities such as agricultural waste (vine stems) and marine residues (Posidonia oceanica leaves and balls). Their valorization presents an interesting activity to produce new products and bio-based biomass materials. The present work deals with the preparation, characterization and application of nanocellulose. In fact, different qualities of nanocellulose, namely cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) were produced and characterized by various methods. The objective was to better understand the structure and morphology of the nanofibers obtained from both plants. Finally, various nanocomposites were prepared using the cellulose nanocrystals and cellulose nanofibrils as reinforcing element in polyacrylate polymer as matrix. The obtained results were compared with those reported for other sources such as annual plants and wood. It has been shown that nanocellulose from Posidonia oceanica and vine stem can be used as a new alternative nanoreinforcing source in nanocomposite applications.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-12T19:18:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PatricioFB_TESE.pdf: 3541324 bytes, checksum: 0dc1f33581900499867155fb060d5564 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Modern society is increasingly searching for foods that can treat and prevent diseases and increase longevity. Among these it stands out the functional foods, including beverages, rich in antioxidants with proven beneficial effects to health, as grapes and their derivatives. In view of this, a study was carried out in order to identify grape varieties suitable for consumption in natura and processing which, besides meeting the requirements of commercial quality, have high contents of compounds with functional properties. In the study it was used grape clusters harvested from the Active Grape Germplasm Bank plants grown at the Mandacaru Experimental Field, Embrapa Semiarid, Juazeiro, state of Bahia, Brazil. It was evaluated 31 grapevine varieties in the crop cycles of the first and second semesters of 2011, that is, A dona, Barbera, Benitaka, Blue Lake, Brasil, Cardinal, Christmas Rose, Estevão Marinho, Frankenthal, Gamay, Grenache, Isabel, Isabel Precoce, Isaura, Liberty, Máximo, Moscato Caillaba, Moscato de Hamburgo, Moscato Noir, Patrícia, Piratininga, Royalty, Saturn, Scarlet, Syrah 1 (a clone from France), Syrah 2 (a clone from the state of Rio Grande do Sul), Tampa, Tannat, Tibouren, Traviú, and Vênus. The traits evaluated in the fruits were skin color, resistance to compression, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, tannins (dímeric, oligomeric and polymeric), total extractable polyphenols (TEP), total anthocyanins, yellow flavonoids, condensed tannins, and antioxidant activity by using DPPH and ABTS methods. The generalized Mahalanobis distance was used for quantifying the genetic divergence between the varieties. As strategies of clustering, it was used UPGMA and analysis of canonical variables. The cluster analysis resulted in five groups of varieties. The varieties Cardinal and Royalty showed high genetic diversity between themselves, thus suitable for insertion into breeding programs aiming at exploring the variability of the Active Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Semiarid. The varieties Royalty and Máximo, suitable for processing, stood out by presenting high levels of tannins (dimeric, oligomeric and polymeric), TEP, total anthocyanins, yellow flavonoids and total antioxidant activity. Among the varieties with different aptitudes, Tampa stood out with high contents of total anthocyanins and yellow flavonoids. Contents of TEP and condensed tannins were intimately correlated with the antioxidant activity of the grapes. The results obtained in this study constitute the basis for the formation of a bank of traits related to grape bioactive compounds / A sociedade moderna busca, cada vez mais, o consumo de alimentos que possam tratar e prevenir doenças, bem como aumentar a longevidade. Entre estes, destacam-se os alimentos funcionais, incluindo bebidas, ricos em compostos antioxidantes com ação benéfica à saúde já comprovada, como uvas e os seus derivados. Em vista disto, um estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de identificar variedades de uvas destinadas ao consumo in natura e ao processamento que, além de atender aos requerimentos de qualidade comercial, apresentem altos teores de compostos com propriedades funcionais. O estudo foi conduzido na Embrapa Semiárido, utilizando cachos colhidos de plantas do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma de Videira, no Campo Experimental de Mandacaru, em Juazeiro-BA. Foram avaliadas, nos ciclos de produção dos primeiro e segundo semestres de 2011, 31 variedades de videira: A dona, Barbera, Benitaka, Blue Lake, Brasil, Cardinal, Christmas Rose, Estevão Marinho, Frankenthal, Gamay, Grenache, Isabel, Isabel Precoce, Isaura, Liberty, Máximo, Moscato Caillaba, Moscato de Hamburgo, Moscato Noir, Patrícia, Piratininga, Royalty, Saturn, Scarlet, Syrah 1 (clone procedente da França), Syrah 2 (clone procedente do Rio Grande do Sul), Tampa, Tannat, Tibouren, Traviú e Vênus. As variáveis analisadas nas bagas foram: cor da casca, resistência à força de compressão; sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulável (AT), relação SS/AT, taninos (diméricos, oligoméricos e poliméricos), polifenóis extraíveis totais (PET), antocianinas totais, flavonoides amarelos, taninos condensados, e atividade antioxidante pelos métodos DPPH e ABTS. Foi utilizada a distância generalizada de Mahalanobis para quantificar a divergência genética entre as variedades. Como estratégias de agrupamento, foram empregados UPGMA e análise de variáveis canônicas. A análise de agrupamento resultou na formação de cinco grupos de variedades. As variedades Cardinal e Royalty apresentaram grande diversidade genética entre si, podendo, portanto, serem inseridas em programas de melhoramento, a fim de explorar a variabilidade do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma da Embrapa Semiárido. As variedades Royalty e Máximo, indicadas para processamento, caracterizaram-se por altos teores de taninos (diméricos, oligoméricos e poliméricos), PET, antocianinas totais, flavonoides amarelos e atividade antioxidante total. Entre as variedades com diferentes aptidões, Tampa destacou-se com relação aos teores de antocianinas totais e flavonoides amarelos. As variáveis PET e taninos condensados apresentaram estreita correlação com a atividade antioxidante das uvas. Os resultados gerados constituem base para a formação de um banco de caracteres voltado para compostos bioativos em videira