Comprendre le transport des pesticides est crucial pour évaluer leur impact écologique. Les connaissances sur la variabilité spatiale des dépôts de pesticides, l'impact de l'érosion sur leur export et leur dégradation in situ restent très limitées à l'échelle des bassins versants. La caractérisation expérimentale et la modélisation ont donc été combinées à deux échelles, parcelle et bassin versant, dans deux contextes agricoles. Un formalisme a été développé pour prédire le transport des pesticides par ruissellement et a été intégré dans le modèle LISEM (LImbourg Soil Erosion Model). Les résultats montrent que les surfaces imperméables contribuent significativement à la masse exportée par ruissellement du vignoble. La partition des pesticides entre phase dissoute et particulaire diffère considérablement selon les molécules et le forçage hydrologique, et la présence de produits de dégradation et un enrichissement en R-métolachlore ont été observés ce qui souligne le potentiel des analyses énantiomériques pour évaluer la biodégradation des pesticides. Globalement, cette étude a démontré que la combinaison des échelles et des approches permet une meilleure compréhension du transport des pesticides. / Understanding pesticide transport is crucial to evaluate their ecological impact on ecosystems. Current knowledge on the spatial variability of pesticide deposition, the impact of erosion on pesticides export and the in situ pesticide degradation is very limited at the catchment scale. In this thesis, characterisation and modeling at two scales, the plot and catchment, were combined in two agricultural contexts. A formalism was developed to predict pesticide transport in runoff and was integrated in LISEM (LImbourg Soil Erosion Model). The results show that impermeable roads contributed to more than 40% to the overall load of fungicides exported via runoff from the vineyard. Pesticide partitioning between suspended solids and runoff water differed largely according to the molecules and the hydrological dynamics. The occurrence of degradation products and the enrichment of one enantiomer were observed suggesting the potential of chiral analyses for assessing biodegradation of chiral pesticides at such scale. Overall, the investigation demonstrated that combining different approaches enable a better understanding of pesticide transport.

Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2016-06-29T15:05:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Natalia Nunes de Andrade Silva.pdf: 3136989 bytes, checksum: 7d39783d6ea25e69bde1dd5738edec99 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-29T15:05:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Natalia Nunes de Andrade Silva.pdf: 3136989 bytes, checksum: 7d39783d6ea25e69bde1dd5738edec99 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Knowledge about the phenology and reproductive biology of plants can help to understand the requirements for the formation of fruits cultivated species, as well as serve as a basis for management of pollinators. Biometeorological data are also important because they can be used to predict the growth stages, helping the planning of cultural practices. Much of cultivated species are favored by animal pollination for the formation of fruits and seeds. However, there is a decrease in these populations due to fragmentation of native vegetation. This study aims to investigate the phenology, reproductive biology and thermal requirement of Vitis labrusca (Vitaceae) cultivar 'Isabel' in São Vicente Férrer, PE, during the growing seasons of 2011/2012, the periods January 2011 (P1) August 2011 (P2), April 2012 (P3) and August 2012 (P4), as well as test the influence of native vegetation on fruit production. Phenology was determined by assessing the duration, in days, of phenological stages pruning (P), cotton-bud (CB), flushing (F), appearance of inflorescence (AI), flowering (FL), early maturity (EM) and harvest (HA). The research included analyzes of floral biology of stigmatic receptivity, pollen availability, presence of osmophores and characterization of odor. The sexual system was determined by observation of morphological and functional sexuality, and reproductive system through controlled pollination in the field. The floral visitors and their frequency of visits were determined by focal observations. The thermal requirements were obtained in terms of degree-days (DD) required to achieve the subperiods P-F, F-FL and FL-HA. The influence of native vegetation on fruit production was determined by comparison of floral visitors (composition and frequency of visits) and between fruit production areas located in regions with different percentages of native vegetation cover. The duration of the cycles was 116, 125, 117 and 130 days for the periods P1, P2, P3 and P4 respectively, and the samples taken on the same rainy period (P1 and P3) and dry (P2 and P4) were similar to number of days of the cycle. The recorded periods were shorter than those observed in the southeast, south and semiarid for the same cultivar. The flowers are hermaphrodite and green, with relatively low pollen viability, and musky odor. The species is selfing, and the results of all treatments showed low percentage reproductive biology in the formation of the fruit, however self-pollination had the highest reproductive success. The base temperature of 10 ° C was the most suitable, the highest and lowest thermal demand among cycles were evaluated 1972.17 DD and 1870.05 DD, respectively. Apis mellifera was most prominent among pollinators, along with being Trigona spinipes considered effective pollinators and were observed in all areas studied. Syrphids were considered potential pollinators, excelling Ornidia obesa, and some Coleoptera and Hymenoptera. There was a higher rate of visits to vineyards with a higher percentage of native forest in the vicinity, and a lower rate of visitation in areas with a lower percentage. With regard to production, there was a trend towards an increase in physicochemical character with increasing percentage of vegetation. / O conhecimento sobre a fenologia e a biologia reprodutiva de plantas podem auxiliar na compreensão dos requerimentos para a formação de frutos de espécies cultivadas, bem como servir como base para manejo de polinizadores. Dados biometeorológicos também são importantes, pois podem ser usados para a previsão dos estádios fenológicos, auxiliando o planejamento dos tratos culturais. Grande parte de espécies cultivadas são favorecidas pela polinização por animais para a formação de frutos e sementes. No entanto, há uma diminuição dessas populações devido à fragmentação da vegetação nativa. Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a fenologia, a biologia reprodutiva e a exigência térmica de Vitis labrusca (Vitaceae) cultivar ‘Isabel’, em São Vicente Férrer, PE, durante as safras de 2011/2012, nos períodos de janeiro 2011 (P1), agosto 2011 (P2), abril 2012 (P3) e agosto 2012 (P4), bem como testar a influência da vegetação nativa sobre a produção de frutos. A fenologia foi determinada pela avaliação da duração, em dias, dos estádios fenológicos poda (PO), gema-algodão (GA), brotação (BR), aparecimento da inflorescência (AI), florescimento (FL), início da maturação (IM) e colheita (CO). A investigação da biologia floral incluiu análises de receptividade estigmática, de disponibilidade de pólen, presença de osmóforos e caracterização de odor. O sistema sexual foi determinado pela observação da sexualidade morfológica e funcional, e o sistema reprodutivo através de polinizações controladas em campo. Os visitantes florais e sua frequência de visitas foram determinados por meio de observações focais. As exigências térmicas foram obtidas em termos de graus-dia (GD) necessários para atingir os subperíodos PO-BR, BR-FL e FL-CO. A influência da vegetação nativa sobre a produção de frutos foi determinada com a comparação de visitantes florais (composição e frequência de visitas) e a produção de frutos entre áreas situadas em regiões com diferentes percentagens de cobertura de vegetação nativa. A duração dos ciclos foi de 116, 125, 117 e 130 dias para as épocas P1, P2, P3 e P4 respectivamente, sendo as colheitas realizadas no mesmo período chuvoso (P1 e P3) e seco (P2 e P4) foram semelhantes quanto ao número de dias do ciclo. Os períodos registrados foram mais curtos do que os observados nas regiões sudeste, sul e semiárida para a mesma cultivar. As flores são verdes e hermafroditas, com viabilidade polínica relativamente baixa, e odor almiscarado. A espécie se autofecunda, e os resultados de todos os tratamentos de biologia reprodutiva mostraram baixo percentual na formação de fruto, no entanto a autopolinização obteve o maior sucesso reprodutivo. A temperatura-base de 10 °C foi a mais adequada, a maior e a menor exigência térmica dentre os ciclos avaliados foram 1972,17 GD e 1870,05 GD, respectivamente. Apis mellifera teve maior destaque entre os polinizadores, sendo juntamente com Trigona spinipes consideradas polinizadores efetivos e foram observadas em todas as áreas estudadas. Sirfídeos foram considerados polinizadores eventuais, se destacando Ornidia obesa, além de coleópteros e alguns himenópteros. Houve maior taxa de visitas em parreirais com maior percentagem de mata nativa no entorno, e menor taxa de visitação em áreas com menor percentagem. Com relação à produção houve uma tendência de aumento nos caracteres físico-químicos com o aumento da percentagem de vegetação nativa.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:25:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Fernanda_Quintanilha_Azevedo.pdf: 3392201 bytes, checksum: 5816f2730395a48e9057193ce2ad8a22 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-19 / The vitiviniculture is an antique activity in the region of Pelotas-RS. The viability of the grape cultivation is facilitated by its tradition in the horticulture; however there are little technical and scientific data of growing in the particular region. Therefore, the objective of this work was to describe the wine-producing profile, to determine the phenology and to characterize the quality and production of common grapevines grown in the region of Pelotas-RS. The description of the current profile of the vitiviniculture of Pelotas was carried by an application of a questionnaire done to the grape growers. The evaluations of phenology and the determination of quality and production were carried on cultivars of common grapes: Bordô , Isabel , Niágara Rosada and BRS Violeta from a private vineyard sited in the countryside of Pelotas- RS in the 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 crops. Trees were trained under trellis system with spacing of 2,0 x 3,0 (treexline), totaling an area average of 0,5 ha. The observation and registration of the phenological stages (shoot burst, full bloom, beginning of ripening to harvest time) of the cultivars assessed were done by phenological scale according Eichhorn e Lorenz (1977). Thermal requirements of the cultivars were determined by degree-day calculation according equations proposed by Villa Nova et al. (1972). Fruit quality was assessed regarding soluble solids, titratable, SS/TA and pH. For yield characterization it was analyzed number of bunch per tree, bunch mass, bunch mass per tree and yield. Among the cultivars assessed Bordô and Isabel reach the largest areas and longer are already inserted in this context; It comprises a traditional context and is implanted aiming to produce wines and juices and grapes to the in natura market.Together Niágara Rosada they represent alternatives of market. The others, such as the cultivar BRS Violeta, are added to the group of grape cultivars that aggregate value to elaborated products and, consequently, contribute to increase yield production. Isabel was the later cultivar and showed the highest day intervals and thermal accumulation occurred from pruning to harvest; followed by cultivars Bordô, BRS Violeta and Niágara Rosada. In the respective crops BRS Violeta showed higher contents of SS, pH and SS/TA; the cultivar Bordô showed higher TA. In the all cultivars and crops assessed SS/TA is in the limit established in the Brazilian legislation. The more productive cultivars were Isabel in 2008/2009 and BRS Violeta in 2009/2010 crop. / A vitivinicultura é uma atividade antiga em Pelotas-RS e a viabilidade do cultivo da uva é facilitada pela tradição da mesma na fruticultura, porém são poucos os dados técnicos e científicos sobre a mesma nessa região. Com isso, objetivou-se neste trabalho descrever o perfil vitivinícola, determinar a fenologia e caracterizar a qualidade e produção de videiras americanas e híbrida cultivadas em Pelotas-RS. A descrição do perfil atual da vitivinicultura de Pelotas foi efetuada com a aplicação de um questionário aos produtores de uvas. As avaliações de fenologia, determinação da qualidade e produção foram realizadas nas cultivares de uva americana Bordô , Isabel , Niágara Rosada e a híbrida BRS Violeta , de um vinhedo particular localizado no interior de Pelotas-RS, nas safras 2008/2009 e 2009/2010. As plantas foram conduzidas em latada, com espaçamento de 2,0 metros entre plantas e 3,0 metros entre linhas, atingindo área média de 0,5 ha. A observação e o registro dos estádios fenológicos (início da brotação, pleno florescimento, início da maturação até a colheita), das cultivares em estudo se deu por meio da escala fenológica sugerida por Eichhorn e Lorenz (1977). As exigências térmicas das cultivares avaliadas foram determinadas pelo cálculo de graus-dia (GD) segundo as equações propostas por Villa Nova et al. (1972). Para qualidade dos frutos foram realizadas as análises de caracterização química: sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulável (AT), SS/AT e pH. Para a caracterização de produção foram analisados: número de cachos por planta, massa média dos cachos, massa média dos cachos por planta e produtividade. Dentre as cultivares implantadas, Bordô e Isabel são as que atingem maiores áreas e há muito tempo já estão inseridas num contexto tradicional, e são implantadas com intuito de produzir vinhos, sucos e destinar parte das uvas ao mercado in natura. Juntamente com a Niágara Rosada representam alternativas de mercado. As demais, como a cultivar BRS Violeta, são adicionadas ao grupo de cultivares de uvas para agregar valor aos produtos elaborados e, consequentemente, contribuir para elevar potencial da produção. A cultivar Isabel foi a mais tardia e apresentou os maiores intervalos de dias e acúmulo térmico transcorridos entre a poda e a colheita, seguida das cultivares Bordô, BRS Violeta e Niágara Rosada. Nas respectivas safras a BRS Violeta apresentou maiores teores de SS, pH e SS/AT, e a cultivar Bordô apresentou maior AT; o SS/AT para todas as cultivares e nas safras estudadas está dentro do limite estabelecido na legislação brasileira. As cultivares mais produtivas foram Isabel na safra de 2008/2009 e BRS Violeta em 2009/2010.

La décennie 1990-2000 voit aboutir un long processus économique, politique et technique en oeuvredepuis 40 ans. L'effondrement du bloc soviétique, l'avènement des pays à bas salaires et à capacitéstechnologiques et la mise en place de l'Organisation Mondiale du Commerce, en sont les fruits.L'OMC aborde tous les domaines commerciaux. L'agriculture et les activités vitivinicolesspécialement n'y échappent pas. Une politique agricole mondiale est mise en place. Un véritable droitrural mondial l'accompagne. Le droit rural européen et le droit rural français exposent par leurstransformations successives la prise en compte des exigences du droit rural mondial.Protectrices de l'espace les activités vitivinicoles sont parfois polluantes du fait de fléaux biologiquesimportés en France par le commerce international. Favorisant la protection de l'environnement lorsd'appuis publics, le droit rural mondial amène les activités vitivinicoles françaises à transformer leurslogiques d'actions environnementales, économiques et commerciales. / The decade 1990-2000 saw the conclusion of a long economic, political and technical process takingplace over the past 40 years. The collapse of the Soviet Union, the emergence of countries with cheaplabour and technological abilities, and the creation of the World Trade Organisation, are the results.The WTO covers all commercial fields. In particular, agriculture and wine-growing activities areaffected. A worldwide agricultural policy has been implemented, accompanied by a real worldwiderural legislation. A series of modifications in European rural law and French rural law show evidenceof taking into account the demands of worldwide rural legislation.Although they conserve the open countryside, wine-growing activities may be polluting, due to thebiological scourges imported into France by international trade. Opting for environmental protectionwith the support of public opinion, worldwide countryside legislation encourages French winegrowersto change their viewpoints in their environmental, economic and commercial policies.

This thesis discusses the progress made towards a formal total synthesis of triptolide, a naturally occurring diterpenoid triepoxide molecule. Isolated from a Chinese vine, triptolide features some interesting structural characteristics and has demonstrated a broad range of interesting medicinal effects. It has demonstrated remarkable cytotoxicity against a number of cancer cell lines, immunosuppressive activity, and reversible male sterility. This biological activity has made it a target of a number of total syntheses spanning from 1980 to 2010. Gold-catalyzed transformations are an emerging field in synthetic organic chemistry, but their efficacy and potential uses are gaining much recognition among the synthetic organic community. Our research group is extremely interested in the applications of such gold-catalyzed organic transformations in natural product synthesis. Here, we discuss our investigations towards accessing the tetracyclic core of triptolide using a gold-catalyzed cyclization cascade reaction. We explored a number of synthetic routes towards a common linear precursor, and our successes and failures are discussed herein. We also report numerous unsuccessful efforts towards an oxidative gold-catalyzed cyclization cascade to form the tetracyclic core of triptolide. Finally, we investigated the use of a photocatalytic radical cyclization cascade to access the desired core. We report some promising preliminary results, and this study is ongoing in the Barriault group.

L’âge de la vigne et sa relation avec la qualité du vin sont des sujets d’intérêt récurrents, tant scientifiques qu’économiques. Les consommateurs et acteurs de la filière vitivinicole semblent s’accorder à propos de la capacité des vieilles vignes à produire des vins de caractère supérieur. Malgré les recherches en cours, la validité de ce point de vue reste débattue et les questions concernant les mécanismes à travers lesquels de vieilles vignes aboutiraient à des vins qualité supérieure restent nombreuses. Pour tenter d’y répondre, l’impact de l’âge des vignes sur la physiologie, la tolérance au stress hydrique, ainsi que la qualité des baies et du vin ont été étudiés dans un vignoble expérimental constitué de plants de Vitis vinifera L. cv. de matériel génétique identique (Riesling de clone Gm 239 greffé sur 5C Teleki) mais aux dates de plantation différentes.En 2014 et 2015, les vignes plantées en 2012 n’avaient pas encore atteint leur plein potentiel et avaient une productivité végétative et un rendement significativement inférieurs à ceux des vignes plantées en 1995 et 1971. Par ailleurs, les vignes plantées en 2012 n’ont pas été soumises au même traitement d’enherbement que les vignes plus âgées pendant cette période afin de prévenir une compétition excessive pendant leur établissement. La capacité inférieure de ces vignes et l’absence d’enherbement ont mené à une plus grande exposition des grappes à la lumière et une plus grande accumulation d’azote, ce qui s’est traduit par une plus grande concentration en acides aminés, monoterpènes, norisoprénoides, et flavonols en 2014 et 2015. Les années suivantes (2016 et 2017), le rendement et le poids des bois de taille de ces vignes, ainsi que la composition des baies, étaient comparables à ceux des vignes plus âgées. Les paramètres de maturité technologique (°Brix, l’acidité totale et le pH de moûts) n’ont pas été significativement affectés par l’âge des vignes. […]Des analyses sensorielles et chimiques ont été réalisées en 2017 sur des vins de millésimes précédents. Les vins des plus jeunes vignes ont été associés à des arômes de fruits mûrs et de l’arôme de pétrole typique du Riesling. Ces vins ont aussi été identifiés par de plus hautes concentrations de monoterpènes et norisoprénoides potentiels et de composés soufrés volatils, en 2014 et 2015 uniquement. Les profils sensoriels et chimiques de vins issus des vignes plantées en 1995 et 1971 étaient dépendants du millésime mais pas de l’âge des vignes. Les profils des vins produits en 2016 étaient en superposables pour les trois groupes d’âge.Les travaux décrits dans ce manuscrit de thèse sont uniques, du fait notamment que le vignoble dans lequel ils ont été conduits a été conçu spécifiquement pour étudier l’effet de l’âge de la vigne dans des conditions environnementales comparables. Une fois que les vignes les plus jeunes ont atteint leur potentiel fructifère et ont été conduites de la même manière que les vignes plus âgées, leur productivité, la composition de leurs baies et la qualité des vins qu’elles produisent ont convergé avec celles des deux autres groupes. Plus intéressant encore, des vignes âgées de 19 et 43 ans se sont comportées de la même façon tout au long de l’étude et ont abouti à des vins comparables en termes d’analyses sensorielles, ce qui va à l’encontre de l’idée reçue qui veut que les vignes les plus âgées produisent des vins de qualité différente.Des travaux précédents ont démontré que la productivité des vignes, quel que soit leur âge, pouvait être expliquée par les réserves de bois et par la taille du tronc. Pour avoir une meilleure idée des différences liées aux réserves, la technique dite « structure-from-motion with multi-view stereo-photogrammetry » (SfM-MVS) a été testée pour mesurer l’épaisseur des troncs et leur volume. Cette technique qui permet la création de modèles tridimensionnels géo-référencés et à l’échelle a pu générer des modèles précis de tronc de vignes plantées en champ. / Vine age and its relation to the quality of the wine are topics of recurring interest, both scientific and economic. Consumers and actors in the wine sector seem to agree on the ability of old vines to produce wines of superior character. Despite ongoing research, the validity of this point of view remains debated and questions about the mechanisms through which old vines would end up with superior quality wines remain numerous. To try to answer them, the impact vine age on physiology, tolerance to water stress, and berry and wine quality were studied in an experimental vineyard planted with Vitis vinifera L. cv. of identical genetic material (Riesling Gm 239 grafted on 5C Teleki) but planted in different years.In 2014 and 2015, the vines planted in 2012 had not yet reached their full potential and had a significantly lower vegetative productivity and yield than the vines planted in 1995 and 1971. Moreover, the vines planted in 2012 were not subjected to the same grass treatment as older vines during this period to prevent excessive competition during establishment. The lower capacity of these vines and the absence of cover crop led to greater exposure of clusters to light and greater nitrogen accumulation, which resulted in a higher concentration of amino acids, monoterpenes, norisoprenoids, and flavonols in 2014 and 2015. In the following years (2016 and 2017), the yield and pruning weight of these vines, as well as their berry composition, were comparable to those of the older vines. The parameters of technological maturity (° Brix, total acidity and must pH) were not significantly affected by vine age.Vines planted in 1995 and 1971 showed similar physiological characteristics throughout the study with the exception of a higher incidence of esca syndrome in the older group. This disease was responsible for the decline in the total yield of vines planted in 1971, but individual yield per vine was equivalent for both groups.Sensory and chemical analyzes were conducted in 2017 on wines from previous vintages. The wines of the youngest vines were associated with aromas of ripe fruit and the kerosene aroma that is typical of Riesling. These wines were also identified by higher concentrations of potential monoterpenes and norisoprenoids and volatile sulfur compounds in 2014 and 2015 only. The sensory and chemical profiles of wines from vineyards planted in 1995 and 1971 were dependent on the vintage but not on the age of the vines. The wine profiles produced in 2016 were overlapping for the three age groups.The works described in this thesis manuscript are unique, particularly because the vineyard in which they were conducted was designed specifically to study the effect of the age of the vine under comparable environmental conditions. Once the youngest vines reached their fruiting potential and were conducted in the same way as the older vines, their productivity, the composition of their berries and the quality of the wines they produce converged with those of the two other groups. More interestingly, vines aged 19 and 43 years behaved similarly throughout the study and resulted in wines comparable in terms of sensory analysis, which goes against the an idea that the older vines produce wines of a different profile.Previous studies have shown that the productivity of the vines, whatever their age, could be explained by the wood reserves and the size of the trunk. To have a better idea of differences linked to reserves, the structure-from-motion with multi-view stereo-photogrammetry (SfM-MVS) method was tested to measure trunk thickness and volume. The technique, which allows the creation of scaled, georeferenced 3D models based on photographs, was able to produce accurate models of field-grown grapevine trunks.

No description available.

Summaries in German and English / Ziel der Forschungsarbeitet ist es, zu zeigen, dass die johanneische Weinstockrede das alttestamentlich und frühjüdisch geprägte Weinstockmotiv aufgreift und weiter entfaltet. So finden sich in Joh 15:1-8 die Beziehungsebene zwischen Gott und seinen Nachfolgern, die ethische Konnotation, der Gerichtsgedanke, der messianisch-eschatologische Aspekt und der Gedanke von Fruchtbarkeit und Fülle wieder. Es wird deutlich, dass sich in Jesus erfüllt hat, worauf die alttestamentlichen und frühjüdischen Schriften durch die Verwendung des Weinstockmotivs abgezielt haben: Er ist der angekündigte Messias, dessen Kommen Fülle mit sich bringt. Dies hat sich bereits durch Jesu erstes Zeichen, die Verwandlung von Wasser zu Wein (Joh 2:1-11), angedeutet. Neu ist der Gedanke, dass Jesus seine Nachfolger in sein Wirken mit einbezieht. Sie partizipieren an seiner messianischen Fülle und produzieren den Überfluss in Abhängigkeit von Jesus auch selbst mit. Voraussetzung dafür ist, dass die Jünger ihre enge Beziehung zu Jesus durch Gebet und das Einhalten seines Wortes aufrechterhalten und sich an seinem Vorbild orientieren. / The purpose of this thesis is to show that the Johannine vine speech takes up and further develops the vine motif of the Old Testament and early Jewish history. In John 15:1-8 we find emphasis on the relationship between God and his disciples, the ethical connotation, the warning of judgement, the messianic-eschatological aspect and the concepts of fruitfulness and fullness. I will show in this thesis, that the the Old Testament and early Jewish writings that use the vine motif are fulfilled in Jesus Christ: He is the announced Messiah, whose coming will bring fullness. This is already implied in Jesus’s first miracle, turning water into wine (John 2:1-11). What is new is that Jesus includes his disciples in his ministry. They participate in his messianic abundance and in dependence on Jesus they themselves produce abundance. The prerequisite for this abundant fruitfulness is a close relationship with Jesus through prayer, abiding in his word, and following his example. / New Testament / M. Th.(New Testament)

Summaries in German and English / Text in German / Ziel der Forschungsarbeitet ist es, zu zeigen, dass die johanneische Weinstockrede das alttestamentlich und frühjüdisch geprägte Weinstockmotiv aufgreift und weiter entfaltet. So finden sich in Joh 15:1-8 die Beziehungsebene zwischen Gott und seinen Nachfolgern, die ethische Konnotation, der Gerichtsgedanke, der messianisch-eschatologische Aspekt und der Gedanke von Fruchtbarkeit und Fülle wieder. Es wird deutlich, dass sich in Jesus erfüllt hat, worauf die alttestamentlichen und frühjüdischen Schriften durch die Verwendung des Weinstockmotivs abgezielt haben: Er ist der angekündigte Messias, dessen Kommen Fülle mit sich bringt. Dies hat sich bereits durch Jesu erstes Zeichen, die Verwandlung von Wasser zu Wein (Joh 2:1-11), angedeutet. Neu ist der Gedanke, dass Jesus seine Nachfolger in sein Wirken mit einbezieht. Sie partizipieren an seiner messianischen Fülle und produzieren den Überfluss in Abhängigkeit von Jesus auch selbst mit. Voraussetzung dafür ist, dass die Jünger ihre enge Beziehung zu Jesus durch Gebet und das Einhalten seines Wortes aufrechterhalten und sich an seinem Vorbild orientieren. / The purpose of this thesis is to show that the Johannine vine speech takes up and further develops the vine motif of the Old Testament and early Jewish history. In John 15:1-8 we find emphasis on the relationship between God and his disciples, the ethical connotation, the warning of judgement, the messianic-eschatological aspect and the concepts of fruitfulness and fullness. I will show in this thesis, that the the Old Testament and early Jewish writings that use the vine motif are fulfilled in Jesus Christ: He is the announced Messiah, whose coming will bring fullness. This is already implied in Jesus’s first miracle, turning water into wine (John 2:1-11). What is new is that Jesus includes his disciples in his ministry. They participate in his messianic abundance and in dependence on Jesus they themselves produce abundance. The prerequisite for this abundant fruitfulness is a close relationship with Jesus through prayer, abiding in his word, and following his example. / New Testament / M. Th. (New Testament)

Fandom is, as scholars in relevant areas of Media Studies and Sociology attest, a vibrant aspect of contemporary culture and influential in individuals' expression and construction of their identities. This thesis examines and endeavours to challenge how fandom, defined as "emotionally involved consumption of a given popular narrative or text," is conceived and received in contemporary art. It addresses misconceptions about art by four artists who explicitly express their fan identities in their artwork and examines how a finer understanding of fandom can enrich contemporary art discourse and illuminate the artists' works. Bringing together the fields of art criticism and cultural studies, the thesis explores the impact of contemporary artists' fandom on their depiction of celebrities and the critical reception these artworks have received. The principal artists whose works and fan identities are analysed are: Ryan McGinley (b. Ramsey, New Jersey, 1977-), Elizabeth Peyton (b. Danbury, Connecticut, 1965-), Karen Kilimnik (b. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1955-) and Stella Vine (b. Alnwick, England, 1969). In addition to these, art works by eleven other prominent late twentieth and early twenty-first century artists are presented as revealing contrasts. These artists, the principal artists and their comparisons, all are not only doing something interesting artistically; their work presents different approaches to expansive concerns about the nature and function of fans and celebrity in wider culture. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate how fandom manifests itself in artists' work, whether fan feelings are discernible in their artwork and how admissions of fandom, either through artists' public declarations or evidence in their art, influence critical interpretation of art and colours public perception of the artists themselves.