<p>The purpose of this bachelor paper is to analyze the different technologies used for supporting inter-organizational project work and how these technologies influence the project’s overall success. The results of this research have proved that the main impact ePM tools (e-Project Management tools) have upon inter-organizational projects are in terms of time-savings and easiness of communication when in need for communicating abroad with different business partners. Various types of collaboration tools can help the communication process between organizations and provide the project participants with the means of creating and supporting a collaborative environment. Other perceived benefits of ePM tools have been resulted including: reduce project costs due to time-savings and quality of information which lowers the risks for deficiency occurrences; improve the decision-making process; improve internal and external communication; facilitate knowledge sharing and expertise exchange; and create an agile business environment characterized by innovation, flexibility, faster market reaction and ability to work efficiently. Global time zones and communication skills are challenges to creating an efficient collaborative inter-organizational environment.</p>

Atualmente, a utilização de alianças estratégicas por empresas tem aumentado muito, devido a grande concorrência nos mercados nacionais e internacionais. Entre os tipos de alianças estratégicas comumente utilizadas estão os Consórcios, as Joint Ventures e as Organizações Virtuais (por meio da criação de Empresas Virtuais). Vários são os fatores que levam as empresas a utilizarem essas formas de aliança, entre elas a redução de custos, o aumento de participação de mercado, a aquisição de capacitação tecnológica. Para que tais uniões se concretizem com sucesso, metodologias de avaliação vêm sendo estudadas e adaptadas a essas diferentes formas de aliança com o intuito de minimizar os riscos de união envolvidos em tais processos. Entre esses estudos, pode-se destacar as ferramentas de análise econômica/financeira, que de certa maneira, já vêm sendo empregadas nos Consórcios e Joint Ventures. No que se refere às Organizações Virtuais e Empresas Virtuais existe uma lacuna no que diz respeito a esse assunto. Nesse sentido, esse trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e analisar as principais contribuições e limitações geradas pela inclusão de procedimentos de análise econômica/financeira nos processos de formação de Organizações Virtuais; manutenção de Organizações Virtuais; formação de Empresas Virtuais e manutenção de Empresas Virtuais. / Nowadays, there is an increase of the use of strategic alliances by enterprises, due to hard competition in the national and international markets. The kinds of strategic alliances more usual are Consortiums, Joint Ventures and Virtual Organizations with the creation of Virtual Enterprises, by the last entity. The enterprises use the strategic alliances by several factors: reducing costs, increase of market share, acquisition of technological capacity and others. For what occur a successful partnership, evaluation methodologies are being studied and adopted for these alliances with the purpose of minimize the risks of the partnership of such processes. Between these studies, the economical/financial analysis tools, in a manner, it are being used in Consortiums and Joint Ventures. In relationship of Virtual Organizations and Virtual Enterprises exist a gap in the literature in this aspect. By the way, this work intends to identify and to analyze the main contributions and limitations caused by the inclusion of procedures of economical/financial analysis in the processes of development of Virtual Organizations; maintenance of Virtual Organizations; development of Virtual Enterprises and maintenance of Virtual Enterprises.

Orientador: Antonio Batocchio / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T09:28:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Milanez_AnaPaula_M.pdf: 2339517 bytes, checksum: f1d11308199307d6a2023d3c36f582fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Hoje, as empresas atuam em mercados em permanente mudança. Para atender as novas exigências, as empresas devem buscar flexibilidade e agilidade, ou seja, devem ser capazes de se reconfigurar rapidamente a fim de atender as necessidades do consumidor final de maneira efetiva, com produtos de alto valor agregado e baixo custo. A proposta do modelo organizacional de Empresa Virtual (EV) fornece às empresas as características necessárias para competir no mercado e ir de encontro às necessidades dos clientes. A Empresa Virtual é definida como uma aliança temporária de empresas que se unem para dividir suas habilidades, competências essenciais e recursos para melhor atender uma oportunidade de negócio, sendo a cooperação entre as empresas suportada por tecnologia da informação (CAMARFNHA-MATOS e AFSARMANESH, 2005). Devido à natureza autônoma e heterogênea dos membros da EV, a manufatura do produto é realizada por empresas com formas de produção e tecnologias distintas. Isso causa problemas relacionados à qualidade dos produtos/serviços oferecidos; ao ritmo da produção; às antecipações ou atrasos da produção em relação ao tempo previamente planejado; etc., acarretando em prejuízos e até no não cumprimento dos objetivos da EV. Diante deste contexto, este trabalho propõe uma metodologia de análise que auxilie na tomada de decisão frente a problemas logísticos relacionados ao tempo de produção, buscando soluções que garantam o sucesso de operação da EV. / Abstract: Today, companies operate in markets in permanent change. In order to meet the new requirements of these markets, they must search flexibility and agility, i.e., they should be able to reconfigure quickly to attend the needs of the end consumer in an effective way, with high value added and low cost products. The purpose of the Virtual Enterprise (VE) organizational model provides the companies with the necessary characteristics to compete in the market and to meet the needs of clients. The Virtual Enterprise is defined as a temporary alliance of companies that come together to share their skills, essential competences and resources in order to better respond to a business opportunity, being this cooperation supported by information technology (CAMARINHA-MATOS and AFSARMANESH, 2005). Due to the heterogeneous and independent nature of the virtual enterprise members, the product manufacturing is made by companies with different ways of production and technologies. This causes problems related to the quality of the offered products / services; the production rate; the advances or delays in the production in relation to the previously scheduled time; etc., resulting in losses and even in noncompliance with the objectives of the virtual enterprise. In this context, this work proposes a methodology of analysis, which aids the decision making in logistical problems related to the production time, seeking solutions to ensure success in the operation of the virtual enterprise. / Mestrado / Materiais e Processos de Fabricação / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Em um mercado global, tem sido observada a tendência para a dispersão geográfica das fabricas. Esta dispersão e motivada pela oportunidade de explorar as vantagens locais, sob diferentes pontos de vista. Essa estrutura também permite a interação mais intensa entre plantas de diferentes empresas produtivas. Neste sentido, o conceito de Empresa Virtual (EV) e fundamental para explorar novas estratégias de negócios, tais como foco nas competências essenciais, orientação máxima para o cliente e produção distribuída. No entanto, nesta nova estrutura produtiva, há novos requisitos para o planejamento e para o estabelecimento da data de entrega dos pedidos. Um sistema de Planejamento e Controle da Produção (PCP) convencional utiliza uma arquitetura hierárquica, o que não atende o requisito de autonomia das empresas parceiras. Para atender a essas novas exigências, este trabalho apresenta uma arquitetura de sistemas de planejamento e controle da produção no contexto de EV. Na proposta são utilizados os conceitos de janelas de tempo em conjunto com propagação de restrições para atender os requisitos de prazo de entrega de produtos. Estes dois conceitos tem sido amplamente utilizados na literatura relacionada a sistemas de planejamento convencionais, no entanto, não no contexto de EV. Nesta abordagem, as janelas de tempo delimitam o intervalo de alocação das tarefas nos sistemas de produção envolvidos, enquanto as restrição de capacidade identificam janelas de tempo factíveis considerando a importância da data de vencimento do pedido. E apresentado um exemplo da utilização da arquitetura e um exemplo de implementação. Este trabalho engloba EVs com empresas parceiras de diversos tipos de produção (produção em lotes e produção discreta). E utilizado o Production Flow Schema (PFS) para modelagem dos processos produtivos segundo uma abordagem hierárquica, com base em sucessivos renamentos para construir o modelo de forma progressiva e estruturada onde as propriedades do modelo ficam asseguradas por construção. Este refinamento gera sub-grafos em Rede de Petri, que são utilizados para a analise e o controle do processo produtivo. / In a global market, the trend for geographical dispersion of manufacturing plants has been observed. This dispersion is motivated by the opportunity to exploit local advantages under dierent viewpoints. This structure also allows for more intense interaction between plants of dierent productive enterprises. In this sense, the concept of Virtual Enterprise (VE) is fundamental to explore new business strategies such asfocus on core competencies,maximal customer orientationanddistributed production. However, in this new productive structure, there are new requirements for planning and for establishing the delivery date of the orders. A conventional Production Planning and Control system (PPC) uses a hierarchical architecture, which does not meet the requirement of autonomy of the partners companies. To address these new requirements, this work introduces a Production Planning and Control System Architecture in EV context. In the proposal are used the concepts oftime windowsandconstraint propagationto meet the deadline requirements of product delivery. These two concepts have been widely used in the literature relating to conventional planning systems, however, not in the EV context. In this approach, thetime windowsdelimit the allocation range of tasks in production systems involved, while the capacity constraint identify the feasible time window considering the importance of the ordes due date. An example of using the architecture and an implementation is presented. This work includes EVs with partner companies of various types of production (production batch and discrete manufacturing). Production Flow Schema (PFS) is used for modeling the processes according to a hierarchical approach based on successive renements to construct progressive and structured model where the properties of model are ensured by construction. This renement generates sub-graphs in Petri Net, which are used for the analysis and control of the production process.

Au cours des deux dernières décennies, l'économie industrielle a fait un pas dans l'économiedes services. De nombreuses illustrations témoignent de cette évolution comme le montrent lesnouveaux modèles d’affaires mis en oeuvre par les industriels. Ceux ci sont de plus en plusnombreux à passer de la logique traditionnelle axée sur la vente de s produits à la lo gique« servicielle » qui se focalise sur les effets utiles et la performance d’usage de la solution par lesparties prenantes . Dans ce contexte, les systèmes produits services (PSS) sont considérés commel’ une des mises en oeuvre possibles de la servitisat ion des entreprises manufacturières qui, desurcroît, s’annonce comme une possibilité prometteuse au plan du développement durable. Les PSSattire nt en conséquence l'attention de nombreux praticiens et chercheurs en raison de leur potentiel àsatisfaire le s exigences des clients par des solutions plus économiques, plus personnalisé e s et plusdurables. Cependant, dans le marché actuel, la plupart des solutions PSS sont poussées par lesfournisseurs en fonction de leurs propres capacités et de leur potentiel interne d'innovation sanstenir compte, la plupart du temps d es utilisations et d es valeurs réelles que représentent les offresproposées aux bénéficiaires. Il en résulte que les fonctionnalités des offres, souvent modulaires(différents scénarios de combinaisons de produits et de services ), sont parfois inutiles, parfoisredondantes et qu’ une grande quantité de déchets est produite lors de la production et de la mise enoeuvre de ce type de solution s ; ce qui est antinomique avec l’effet recherchéCet te thèse associe un concept complémentaire au concept de PSS existant pour obtenir unPSS orienté client (COPSS) qui se concentre sur les exigences des clients et leur satisfaction, sur laperformance économique de la solution, sur les autres exigences des fournisseurs de la solution,ainsi que sur la performance de la solution en terme de développement durable. A fin de concevoirdes solutions COPSS répondant véri table ment à ce cahier des charges , un cadre de conceptionintégré basé sur une approche tridime nsionnelle d'ingénierie simultanée est proposé. Selon ce cadre,la solution est construite en considérant simultanément la conception de la solution (offre COPSS),la conception des processus et d u réseau support à cette offre. C e cadre adopte plus précisé ment lapersonnalisation de masse comme méthodologie de conception de base pour concevoir l es offres etles processus supports et l’ architecture multi agent AGORA pour concevoir le réseau support. Afind’être éprouvé, le cadre proposé est mis en oeuvre sur un cas d’application / The world industrial economy has been witnessing to step into service economyduring last two decades. Evidence can be easily found to prove it, such as the shift ofmore and more manufacturers from traditional product centric logic intoservice oriented logic, sharing economy’s growth in popularity over the last severalyears, changing their business model and renting the usage of the p roduct theymanufacture, etc. Product Service Systems (PSS), under this context, are seen as onesolution to help companies to address the servitization process. PSS captures a lot ofpractitioners and researchers’ attention because of its potential to sat isfy customers’requirements of more economical, more c ustomized and more sustainable services inthe modern service economy context. However, in the current marketplace, most PSSsolutions are pushed by providers based on their own capabilities and their internalpotential for innovations and unfortunately, they most of the time ignore real usagesand values for beneficiaries. In this context, functions of offerings (different scenariosof combinations of products and services) are sometimes useless and ov erlapped and alarge amount of waste is being produced when producing and implementing this kindof solution....

No description available.

Der große Erfolg vieler Internet-Plattformen zum Social Networking, wie facebook.com oder myspace.com zieht zunehmend auch die Aufmerksamkeit großer Unternehmen auf sich, die mit ähnlichen Werkzeugen ihr internes Wissens- und Innovationsmanagement verbessern möchten. Im Gegensatz zu anderer Social Software wie Wikis oder Weblogs, die sich in der Regel leicht für den Einsatz innerhalb des Firmen-Intranets adaptieren lassen, ist dies für Social Networking Services (SNS) jedoch schwieriger. Zum einen existieren kaum Open-Source-Anwendungen, die ohne großen Aufwand implementierbar sind. Zum anderen unterscheiden sich die Lösungen von SNS-Anbietern enorm, was es den Unternehmen schwer macht, eine geeignete Lösung auszuwählen. Eine Hilfestellung soll der im vorliegenden Beitrag vorgestellte Ordnungsrahmen für SNS bieten. Entlang von acht Dimensionen ermöglicht er den Vergleich und die Einordnung verschiedener Dienste.

No description available.

No description available.

This dissertation presents the results of a Ph.D. research entitled as methodology development for SME based virtual enterprises. The research addresses the preparation and set up of virtual enterprises and enterprise networks. A virtual enterprise (VE) can be perceived as a customer solution delivery system created by a temporary and re-configurable information and communications technology (ICT) enabled aggregation of competencies. The main achievements of the research include: &amp / #8226 / Clarification and definition of the concept for virtual enterprises and enterprise networks including preparation of these. o A fast and efficient setup of virtual enterprises can be enabled through the establishment of an enterprise network in which an appropriate type and degree of work preparation can be established prior to the set up of virtual enterprises. &amp / #8226 / Development of a framework and a reference architecture for virtual enterprises named as Structured Methodology and ICT Reference Architecture respectively. o Structured Methodology structures the body of knowledge related to preparation, set up and operation of virtual enterprises and enterprise networks. o ICT reference architecture consists of three levels with seven layers to portray in a diagrammatic fashion how different enterprises may exchange and use information between their respective organizations&amp / #8217 / specific proprietary systems and a central server. &amp / #8226 / Development of a methodology for virtual enterprise named as Virtual Enterprise Methodology (VEM) o VEM consists of a set of guidelines, which systematically describes activities that enterprises should consider in relation to set up and preparation of own enterprise networks with the aim to set up virtual enterprises. &amp / #8226 / Testing and validation of the developed VEM with the realization of a virtual case study and establishment of a validation platform respectively. o Virtual case study demonstrates the application of the developed VE methodology with the illustration of the key activities related to setting up breeding environment, setting up &amp / operating VE and dissolution of VE. o The findings in the research can be validated through the various activities as meetings, conferences, presentations and publication of journals.