La réalité virtuelle joue un rôle majeur dans le développement de nouvelles technologies de l’éducation, et permet de développer des environnements virtuels pour l’apprentissage, dans lesquels, des agents virtuels intelligents jouent le rôle de tuteur. Ces agents sont censés aider les utilisateurs humains à apprendre et appliquer des procédures ayant des objectifs d’apprentissage prédéfini dans différents domaines. Nous travaillons sur la construction d’un système temps-réel capable d’entamer une interaction naturelle avec un utilisateur dans un Environnement d’Apprentissage Virtuel (EAV). Afin d’implémenter ce modèle, nous proposons d’utiliser MASCARET (Multi-Agent System for Collaborative, Adaptive & Realistic Environments for Training) comme modèle d’Environnement Virtuel Intelligent (EVI) afin de représenter la base de connaissances des agents, et de modéliser la sémantique de l’environnement virtuel et des activités des utilisateurs. Afin de formaliser l’intention des agents, nous implémentons un module cognitif dans MASCARET inspiré par l’architecture BDI (Belief-Desire-Intention) qui nous permet de générer des intentions de haut-niveau pour les agents. Dans notre modèle, ces agents sont représentés par des Agents Conversationnels Animés (ACA), qui sont basés sur la plateforme SAIBA (Situation, Agent, Intention, Behavior, Animation). Les agents conversationnels de l’environnement ont des intentions communicatives qui sont transmises à l’utilisateur via des canaux de communication naturels, notamment les actes communicatifs et les comportements verbaux et non-verbaux. Afin d’évaluer notre modèle, nous l’implémentons dans un scénario pédagogique concret pour l’apprentissage des procédures d’analyse de sang dans un laboratoire biomédical. Nous utilisons cette application afin de réaliser une expérimentation et une étude pour valider les propositions de notre modèle. L’hypothèse de notre étude est de supposer que la présence d’un ACA dans un Environnement Virtuel (EV) améliore la performance du processus d’apprentissage (ou qu’au moins, ça ne le dégrade pas) dans le contexte de l’apprentissage d’une procédure spécifique. La performance de l’utilisateur est représentée par le temps requis pour l’exécution de la procédure, le nombre d’erreurs commises et le nombre de demande d’assistance. Nous analysons les résultats de cette évaluation, ce qui confirme partiellement l’hypothèse de l’expérience et affirme que la présence de l’ACA dans l’EV ne dégrade pas la performance de l’apprenant dans le contexte de l’apprentissage d’une procédure. / Virtual Reality plays a major role in developing new educational methodologies, and allows to develop virtual environments for learning where intelligent virtual agents play the role of tutors. These agents are expected to help human users to learn and apply domain-specific procedures with predefined learning outcomes. We work on building a real-time system able to sustain natural interaction with the user in a Virtual Learning Environment (VLE). To implement this model, we propose to use the Multi-Agent System for Collaborative, Adaptive & Realistic Environments for Training (MASCARET) as an Intelligent Virtual Environment (IVE) model that provides the knowledge base to the agents and model the semantic of the virtual environment and user’s activities. To formalize the intention of the agents, we implement a cognitive module within MASCARET inspired by BDI (Belief-Desire-Intention) architecture that permits us to generate high-level intentions for the agents. Furthermore, we integrate Embodied Conversational Agents (ECA), which are based on the SAIBA (Situation, Agent, Intention, Behavior, Animation) framework. The embodied agents of the environment have communicative intentions that are transmitted to the user through natural communication channels, namely the verbal and non-verbal communicative acts and behaviors of the ECAs. To evaluate our model, we implement it in a concrete pedagogical scenario for learning blood analysis procedures in a biomedical laboratory. We use this application to settle an experiment to validate the propositions of our model. The hypothesis of this experiment is to assume that the presence of anECA in a Virtual Environment (VE) enhances the learning performance (or at least does not degrade it) in the context of a learning procedure. The performance is represented by the time of execution, the number of committed errors and the number of requests for assistance. We analyze the results of this evaluation, which partially confirms the hypothesis of the experiment and assure that having an ECA in the VLE does not degrade the performance of the learner in the context of a learning procedure.

Orientador: Roxane Helena Rodrigues Rojo / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T02:14:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dias_AnairValeniaMartins_D.pdf: 3003650 bytes, checksum: 72fd3939879bdfa350b8e1cfac90ba47 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo compreender e refletir sobre o ensino de língua materna mediado pelas tecnologias e, além disso, tentar apontar caminhos que possam contribuir para a transformação na maneira como esse ensino tem sido efetivado nas escolas públicas. Para isso, optei por ministrar um curso para alunas (os) do 9ª ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública, que possuía laboratório de informática funcionando, no município de Uberlândia/MG. O curso foi desenvolvido entre os meses de agosto e dezembro de 2009 e organizado em torno de alguns eixos norteadores: (i) a definição do estudo de um gênero específico, a autobiografia, a partir do qual estudamos uma cadeia de gêneros; (ii) a utilização de uma proposta metodológica com base em uma sequência didática para o estudo do gênero autobiografia; (iii) o estudo de um aspecto linguístico significativo para o gênero abordado; (iv) o desenvolvimento de avatares, pelos alunos participantes do curso, com o objetivo de potencializar a recepção e a produção do gênero autobiografia e (v) a utilização da plataforma de ensino virtual TelEduc na efetivação do curso proposto. Como pressuposto teórico, filiei-me às perspectivas teóricas de Bakhtin (2003[1952-1953]) para discutir sobre os gêneros discursivos; de Swales (2004) para refletir sobre aspectos referentes à cadeia de gêneros; de Dolz e Schneuwly (2004[1996]) para discutir sobre sequência didática; de Lejeune (2008) para abordar questões referentes ao estudo do gênero autobiografia; de Koch (2003), (1996) e Travaglia (2011) para refletir sobre os usos significativos dos elementos coesivos, de Kalantzis; Cope (2006), (2003) e de Rojo (2009) para refletir sobre os multiletramentos. No desenvolvimento desta investigação busquei, portanto, mostrar que a utilização dos laboratórios de informática nas escolas deve partir de um fazer pedagógico significativo para o aluno. Nesse sentido, é possível afirmar que o ensino de língua materna pode ser potencializado pelo estudo dos gêneros discursivos em ambientes virtuais, bem como pelo trabalho pedagógico com avatares. Esse fato ficou evidenciado quando observei que os alunos-adolescentes, ao desenvolverem as atividades propostas durante o curso de produção de autobiografias, não promoveram distinção entre a sua própria história de vida e a história de vida do seu respectivo avatar. Esse aspecto especificamente foi importante porque favoreceu a recepção e a produção do gênero em questão, sendo o envolvimento dos alunosadolescentes com a escrita redimensionada quando passaram a escrever sob a égide de seu avatar / Abstract: This research aims at reflecting and understanding the teaching of mother tongue mediated by technologies, trying to point out ways that can contribute to the changes in the way of teaching in public schools. For this, I chose to teach a course for the 9th grade students from a public elementary school in Uberlandia/MG, where there was a computer lab working. The course was developed between August and December 2009 and organized with some guiding principles: (i) the definition of the study of a specific gender, autobiography, from which we studied a chain of genders, (ii) the use of a methodology based on a didactic sequence for the study of the autobiography gender, (iii) the study of a significant linguistic aspect to the gender approached, (iv) the development of avatars by the participants of the course, in order to enhance the production and reception of the autobiography gender and (v) the use of a virtual learning platform - the TelEduc - on which the proposed course was based. As a theoretical assumption, I based on the theoretical perspectives of Bakhtin (2003 [1952-1953]) to discuss discursive genders, of Swales (2004) to reflect on aspects relating to the chain of genders, of Dolz and Schneuwly (2004 [1996 ]) to discuss about didactic sequence; of Lejeune (2008) to deal with issues related to the study of the autobiography gender; of Koch (2003), (1996) and Travaglia (2011) to reflect on the significant uses of cohesive elements of Kalantzis; of Cope (2006), (2003) and of Rojo (2009) to reflect on multiliteracy. In developing this research I tried to show that the use of computer labs in schools should happen with a pedagogical work that is meaningful to the student. In this sense, I can say that the teaching of the mother tongue can be enhanced by the study of genders in virtual environments, as well as by the use of a pedagogical method with avatars. This fact became evident when I observed that the students, in developing the proposed activities during the course of producing autobiographies, did not distinguish their own life stories from the life stories of their respective avatar. This aspect was particularly important because it favored the production and reception of the gender in question and resized the involvement of the students with their writings when they started writing under the aegis of their avatars / Doutorado / Linguagem e Tecnologia / Doutora em Lingüística Aplicada

Orientador: Jose Armando Valente / Tesse (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T17:15:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodriguez_CarlaLopes_D.pdf: 11016734 bytes, checksum: 6a2d545bb521a2719494194fb55a6e8b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Esta tese tem como objetivo mostrar de quais formas a utilização de recursos audiovisuais, como câmeras digitais, aparelhos portáteis multiplayer e ferramentas hipermidiáticas disponíveis em um ambiente de Educação a Distância (EAD), pode favorecer a comunicação e a construção de conhecimentos em rede em um contexto de Inclusão Digital. Esses recursos foram utilizados para o processo de interação e produção de conhecimentos por uma Comunidade Virtual de Aprendizagem (CVA) em formação. Essa CVA, denominada Re@ge - Rede virtual de Agentes - instanciada no ambiente de EAD Tidia-Ae/Sakai, foi composta por pesquisadores, médicos, agentes comunitários de saúde, educador físico, enfermeiros e pessoas vinculadas aos espaços públicos de acesso as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) do município de Pedreira, interior do estado de São Paulo (Brasil). Neste contexto, foram criadas situações colaborativas de aprendizagem onde os usuários/aprendizes se apropriavam dos procedimentos, estratégias e recursos disponíveis para coletar, discutir e gerar conteúdos multimidiáticos. Os conteúdos coletados eram compartilhados, discutidos e reelaborados pelos participantes na comunidade virtual e, posteriormente, distribuídos à população por meio de diferentes mídias. A metodologia utilizada para esta investigação foi a da pesquisa-ação e os dados coletados, por meio de questionários, entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação participante, foram analisados qualitativamente com o apoio do software para Classificação Hierárquica Implicativa e Coesiva (CHIC). A análise dos dados compilados explicitou como o uso dos recursos audiovisuais e ferramentas hipermidiáticas disponíveis, aliados às estratégias de capacitação utilizadas, possibilitaram as diferentes formas de expressão (texto, áudio, vídeo e foto), o estabelecimento da comunicação e a construção de conhecimentos entre os participantes da CVA. Com base nos resultados alcançados foi possível ainda compreender as potencialidades e os limites dos recursos disponíveis de forma que o seu uso pudesse ser capaz de incrementar o processo de interação, superando as limitações da capacitação nos moldes tradicionais e ampliando as possibilidades de aprendizagem / Abstract: This thesis aims to show how the use of audiovisual resources, such as digital cameras, handheld devices and multiplayer tools available in a hypermedia environment for Distance Education (EAD), can help build communication and networking skills in a context Digital Inclusion. These funds were used for the process of interaction and knowledge production by a Virtual Learning Community (VLC) in training. This VLC, called Re@ge - Network Virtual Agents - instantiated in the distance education environment Tidia-Ae/Sakai was comprised of researchers, physicians, community health agents, physical educator, nurses and other people linked to public spaces Access Technologies Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the municipality of Pedreira, the state of São Paulo (Brazil). Thus, we created collaborative learning situations where the users/learners take ownership of the procedures, strategies and resources to gather, discuss and generate multimediatic content. The contents collected were shared, discussed and reworked by the participants in the virtual community and then distributed to the population through different media. The methodology for this research was action research and data collected through questionnaires, interviews and participant observation, were qualitatively analyzed with the assistance of software for Hierarchical Classification Implicative and Cohesive (CHIC). The analysis of data compiled explained how the use of audiovisual aids and hypermedia tools available, combined with capacity building strategies used, allowed the different forms of expression (text, audio, video and photo), the establishment of communication and the construction of knowledge among participants of the VLC. Based on the results was impossible to understand the potential and limits of available resources so that their use might be able to boost the interaction process, overcoming the limitations of training in the traditional and expanding learning opportunities / Doutorado / Artes Visuais / Doutor em Artes

Orientador: Jose Armando Valente / Acompanha 2 CD-ROM / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T09:56:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vazquez_BeatrizSanz_M.pdf: 2664810 bytes, checksum: ffca4f1ec78f120cf26eefdd9a931802 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: A passagem das memórias humanas à memória virtual coletiva configura a construção de um caminho que é possível trilhar a partir das histórias de vida, utilizadas, aqui, enquanto metodologia de pesquisa e de formação, compartilhadas em ambiente virtual de aprendizagem (AVA). Esta dissertação aborda esse processo, que se inicia com a história de vida desta pesquisadora, formando teias que, inevitavelmente, levam à rede estabelecida com estudantes dos cursos de Pedagogia e Normal Superior, ao longo do primeiro semestre de 2004. Essas memórias digitais interagiram no AVA TelEduc e iniciaram a formação dos nós da teia. Teorias referentes à memória embasam a dissertação, que apresenta uma análise qualitativa, a partir da utilização do software CHIC (Classificação Hierárquica Implicativa Coesiva), das relações estabelecidas nessa memória virtual coletiva, a qual congrega relatos de história de vida, comentários dos alunos e das docentes responsáveis pela disciplina e pelo AVA, impressões sobre contação de histórias e imagens representativas de aprendizagens significativas das teias que cada aluno formou. A construção da identidade dos alunos em formação por meio de suas memórias foi demonstrada a partir da análise das árvores geradas pelo software. Destaca-se, nas árvores, o grupo social familiar e sua inserção em outros contextos sociais, agregando-se a categorias de análise, estabelecidas pelas interações no AVA, tais como identificação emocional, aprendizagem significativa, características individuais, trabalho docente, palavras de encorajamento e brincadeiras de infância. Essas relações suscitaram identificações, significados, rememorações, construções de novas memórias, refazendo uma espiral de aprendizagem na construção da identidade dos alunos por meio das memórias virtuais, apresentando as inter-relações dessas memórias e sua importância na construção de uma história de vida passada, presente e futura. / Abstract: The passage from human memories to the collective virtual memory represents the construction of a path that can be tread through life stories, which are shared in virtual learning environment (VLE) that are used here as a methodology for research and training. This dissertation discusses this process, which begins with the story of the life of this researcher, forming webs that inevitably led to a network that was established with students from the University Education and Teacher courses throughout the first semester of 2004. These digital memories interacted in the TelEduc VLE and gave rise to the formation of knots in the web. Theories concerning memory are the basis of the dissertation, which represents a qualitative analysis, via the use of the CHIC (Cohesive Implicative Hierarchical Classification) software, of the relationships established in this collective virtual memory, which gathers reports of life stories, comments from students and from the faculty in charge of the courses and the VLE, impressions concerning the telling of stories, and representative images of meaningful learning experiences from the webs that each student formed. The construction of the identity of the students being formed in their memories was demonstrated using an analysis of the trees created by the software. In the trees, the family social group and its placement in other social contexts are highlighted, with analytical categories established by the interactions in the VLE being added, such as emotional identification, meaningful learning, individual characteristics, faculty work, words of encouragement and childhood games. These relationships lead to identifications, meanings, remembrances, and constructions of new memories, rebuilding a spiral of learning in the construction of the students' identity through the virtual memories, presenting the interrelations of these memories and their importance in the construction of the story of a life in the past, present and future. / Mestrado / Mestre em Multimeios

Submitted by Jakeline Ortega (jakortega@unoeste.br) on 2017-07-07T18:24:53Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Ana Lucia Farão Carneiro de Siqueira.pdf: 1203537 bytes, checksum: bd1d26c88608f979c99314677b5c47ed (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-07T18:24:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Ana Lucia Farão Carneiro de Siqueira.pdf: 1203537 bytes, checksum: bd1d26c88608f979c99314677b5c47ed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-24 / This dissertation was developed in the Master's Program in Education, in the research's line of Pedagogical Formation and Practice of Professional Teacher, from the University of Western Sao Paulo. The research aims to analyze the resources needed so that virtual learning environments can enable accessibility, autonomy and independence for students with visual impairment. This research adopts a qualitative approach. The study was carried out at a Public Higher Education Institution (HEI), located in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, which has been offering distance education courses since 2009, period in which was set up its Distance Education Center (known as NEaD). In this context, the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) used by this HEI in the offer of courses in distance learning was analyzed. In addition to the analysis of this VLE, with the purpose of enriching the data and analyzes carried out, as well as to identify the level of accessibility of the learning environment and resources available, this study considered the participation of two subjects, that is, two Students Target Audience of Special Education (known as EPAEE) with visual impairment. The following instruments were used to collect data: observation and semi-structured interview. Researchers such as Moran, Santarosa, Sonza, Schlünzen, Trentin, Valente among others were studied in order to address aspects related to accessibility and technologies. Based on data gathered from the researcher's observation, added to information obtained with the invited participants and the theoretical basis studied, it was possible to present indicators needed for the inclusion of people with visual impairment in VLE in online courses, understanding which changes HEIs should trigger to adjust the attendance to these people / A presente dissertação foi desenvolvida no Programa de Mestrado em Educação, na linha de pesquisa de Formação e Prática Pedagógica do Profissional Docente, da Universidade do Oeste Paulista. A pesquisa apresenta como objetivo geral, analisar os recursos necessários para que os ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem possibilitem a acessibilidade em um curso a distância, autonomia e independência de estudantes com deficiência visual. Esta pesquisa adota um enfoque qualitativo. O estudo foi realizado em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) pública, localizada no estado de São Paulo/SP, que oferta cursos na modalidade a distância desde 2009, período no qual implantou seu Núcleo de Educação a Distância (NEaD). Nesse contexto, foi analisado o Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA) utilizado por essa IES na oferta de cursos em EaD. Além da análise desse AVA, com o propósito de enriquecimento dos dados e análises realizadas, bem como da identificação do nível de acessibilidade do ambiente de aprendizagem e recursos disponíveis, foi considerada, nesta pesquisa, a participação de dois sujeitos, ou seja, de dois Estudantes Público Alvos da Educação Especial (EPAEE) com deficiência visual. Para a coleta de dados, foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: observação e entrevista semiestruturada. Também foram consultados pesquisadores como Moran, Santarosa, Sonza, Schlünzen, Trentin, Valente, entre outros, para abordar aspectos relacionados à acessibilidade e tecnologias. A partir dos dados levantados da observação da pesquisadora, somados às informações obtidas através dos sujeitos convidados e da base teórica estudada, tornou possível a apresentação de indicadores necessários para a inclusão de pessoas com deficiência visual (PDV) em AVA, em cursos na modalidade on-line e quais mudanças as IES devem desencadear para adequar o atendimento a essas pessoas.

Die Gestaltung von sozio-technischen Systemen als Aufgabengebiet der Wirtschaftsinformatik setzt eine interdisziplinäre Ausrichtung und Berücksichtigung relevanter Forschungsgebiete voraus, die im Bezug auf die Fragestellung, wie komplexes Wissen in einer virtuellen Lernumgebung (VLU) repräsentiert und vermittelt werden sollte, im Bereich der didaktischen und lernpsychologischen Forschung liegen. In diesem Beitrag werden bereits vorhandene Lösungsansätze vorgestellt und aus psychologischer und didaktischer Sicht diskutiert, wobei weiterführende Potenziale aber auch Risikopotenziale vorhandener technischer Möglichkeiten und ihrer Einsatzbereiche herausgestellt werden sollen.

One of the most important learning activities of a student at the university are collaborative activities which have a positive effect on the learning skills of students. In the last decades and especially in the last years due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a huge increase in offers to learn in virtual environments. This increase led to the need for professional pedagogical support within the unique environment, which can be addressed by E-tutors. This learning facilitation role becomes increasingly important. Nevertheless, the number of concrete recommendations when interventions are needed is rare. The aim of this study is to fill the gap in the literature when the E-tutor needs to give feedback to students in higher education. The results are derived from a systematic literature review and a qualitative content analysis. The findings indicate that feedback needs to be given in a close timeframe, at best within the first two hours after a question arises.

[pt] A pandemia de COVID-19 revelou problemas graves gerados devido às mudanças climáticas e econômicas que o mundo vem passando há décadas. O mundo parou e teve que se reinventar a essa nova condição real. No dado momento, fez-se necessário uma conscientização própria e o entendimento da urgência de que cada indivíduo devesse ser estimulado a transformar seus hábitos. Como fonte de inspiração e de vasto material humano de pesquisa o foco foi o meio acadêmico, onde meu objetivo foi realizar um diagnóstico sobre as mudanças trazidas pela pandemia de COVID-19 a um Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem, no que tange suas interfaces e a experiência do usuário, a partir de um estudo de caso. Algumas questões foram levantadas na pesquisa: As mudanças atenderam realmente as necessidades dos discentes e docentes da IES em estudo? Passado o isolamento social elas precisam de revisão? De que forma elas impactam o ensino hoje, com as atividades retomadas presencialmente? Em relação à abordagem, defini como método de investigação no primeiro momento, fase 1, a pesquisa exploratória e no segundo momento, fase 2, a pesquisa explicativa. Os procedimentos técnicos adotados são: fase 1, primeiro uma pesquisa bibliográfica e na sequencia uma revisão sistemática de literatura para complementar o que já foi investigado. De início na fase 2, apliquei o questionário aos docentes e aos discentes, respeitando o filtro temporal estipulado entre 2019 até 2023 para a escolha dos possíveis participantes que, apesar da divulgação por e-mail e Instagram teve baixa adesão. As técnicas: grupo de foco e entrevista contextualizada, fase 2, aconteceram de forma simultânea e permitiram o avanço na coleta de informações a partir de suas aplicações. Após toda a coleta de informações apresentei os resultados descritos na análise comparativa dos resultados. Por fim, obtive meios a responder as questões levantadas na pesquisa, pois de acordo com o que consegui concluo que sim as mudanças atenderam as necessisades da época, precisam de constante revisão e atualização e o AVA do UNISIGNORELLI, Prisma WEB, acrescentou em suas funcionalidades, as modificações propostas durante e após a pandemia. / [en] The COVID-19 pandemic revealed serious problems generated due to the climate and economic changes that the world has been experiencing for decades. The world stopped and had to reinvent itself to this new real condition. At a given moment, it was necessary to raise awareness and understand the urgency that each individual should be encouraged to transform their habits. As a source of inspiration and vast human research material, the focus was the academic environment, where my objective was to carry out a diagnosis on the changes brought by the COVID-19 pandemic to a Virtual Learning Environment, regarding its interfaces and experience. of the user, based on a case study. Some questions were raised in the research: Did the changes really meet the needs of students and teachers at the HEI under study? After social isolation, do they need review? How do they impact teaching today, with activities resumed in person? Regarding the approach, I defined exploratory research as the research method in the first phase, phase 1, and explanatory research in the second phase, phase 2. The technical procedures adopted are: phase 1, first a literature search and then a systematic literature review to complement what has already been investigated. Initially in phase 2, I administered the questionnaire to teachers and students, respecting the time filter stipulated between 2019 and 2023 to choose possible participants, which, despite dissemination via email and Instagram, had low participation. The techniques: focus group and contextualized interview, phase 2, took place simultaneously and allowed progress in collecting information from its applications. After all the information collection, I presented the results described in the comparative analysis of the results. Finally, I obtained the means to answer the questions raised in the research, because according to what I was able to conclude that yes, the changes met the needs of the time, they need constant review and updating and the UNISIGNORELLI AVA, Prisma WEB, added to its features, the modifications proposed during and after the pandemic.

Cette recherche porte sur l’amélioration de la motivation à l’apprentissage des mathématiques à l’Université Abdou Moumouni. Elle se situe dans une dynamique globale de mise au point d’actions pédagogiques pour remédier au problème préoccupant de la motivation à l’apprentissage des sciences. Plus spécifiquement, il s’agit de prospecter si les environnements virtuels d’apprentissage peuvent contribuer à l’amélioration de la transmission des savoirs dans un contexte universitaire au Niger. Ainsi, notre recherche vise à mieux comprendre l’impact de l’intégration des TIC sur la motivation chez des étudiants à apprendre les mathématiques au Niger. Les trois objectifs spécifiques de notre recherche sont : explorer les impacts sur le sentiment de compétence chez des étudiants à l’apprentissage des mathématiques dans un contexte d’intégration pédagogique des TIC; mieux comprendre le changement des types de motivations autodéterminées à l’apprentissage des mathématiques chez des étudiants exposés à une intégration pédagogique des TIC; comprendre les perceptions de l’usage d’un environnement virtuel à l’apprentissage des mathématiques chez des étudiants et l’évolution de leurs motivations autodéterminées. Se fondant sur une méthodologie de type mixte, cette recherche quasi-expérimentale a consisté en la collecte de données quantitatives au moyen de 2 questionnaires sur la motivation (sentiment de compétence et sentiment d’autodétermination) en pré-test et en post-test. Pour les données qualitatives, nous avons eu recours à des entrevues dirigées auprès de 9 participants. Au total 61 étudiants inscrits en science de la vie et de la terre, dont 51 hommes, ont participé à la recherche. La thèse respecte le mode de présentation par articles. Chacun des trois articles est en lien avec un des trois objectifs de la recherche, dans l’ordre cité plus haut. Les principaux résultats indiquent un impact positif sur la motivation à travers un recul du sentiment négatif de compétence chez les étudiants ayant bénéficié de l’apport des TIC comparativement aux étudiants ordinaires. En ce qui concerne le sentiment d’autodétermination, chez les étudiants ayant bénéficié de l’apport pédagogique des TIC, il est mis en évidence une stagnation ou une légère baisse des motivations peu ou pas autodéterminées et une légère hausse ou une stagnation des motivations autodéterminées chez les étudiants ayant bénéficié de l’apport des TIC. Finalement, la recherche a permis de mettre en relief l'existence de corrélations positives entre l’augmentation des motivations autodéterminées et la perception d’une qualité positive de l’expérience d'innovation pédagogique que représente l’environnement virtuel d’apprentissage des mathématiques. En définitive, cette recherche fait ressortir l’importance de l'intégration pédagogique des TIC pour améliorer les pratiques pédagogiques actuelles, et satisfaire deux besoins psychologiques fondamentaux, notamment le sentiment de compétence et le sentiment d’autodétermination, deux composantes essentielles de la motivation selon la théorie de l’autodétermination de Deci et Ryan. Les résultats obtenus dégagent des perspectives intéressantes en vue de renforcer les recours aux environnements virtuels d'apprentissage au profit de la motivation à l'apprentissage des mathématiques. Les forces et les limites de la recherche sont discutées et un ensemble de recommandations sont émises à l’intention des acteurs académiques, notamment les perspectives assez prometteuses de l’intégration pédagogique des TIC au service de l'apprentissage des sciences en Afrique, et au Niger en particulier. / This study focuses on enhancing motivation for learning mathematics at the University Abdou Moumouni. It is situated in a dynamic development of educational activities to address the serious problem of motivation for learning science. More specifically, it is exploring whether virtual learning environments can contribute effectively to improving the transmission of knowledge at university level in Niger. Thus, our research aims to better understand the impact of the integration of ICT on student motivation to learn mathematics in Niger. The three specific objectives of our research are: to explore the impact on sense of competence in students learning of mathematics in the context of integration of ICT, and better understand the change of self-determined types of motivation towards learning of mathematics in students exposed to integration of ICT; understand the perceptions of the use of a virtual environment for learning mathematics among students and their evolving self-determined motivation. Based on a methodology of mixed type, this quasi-experimental research has included the collection of quantitative data by means of 2 questionnaires on motivation (sense of competence and self-feeling) in pretest and posttest. For qualitative data, we used structured interviews with 9 participants. A total of 61 students enrolled in life science and earth, including 51 men, participated in the research. The thesis meets the format articles. All three articles are related to one of three research objectives in the order mentioned above. The main results indicate a positive impact on motivation through a decrease in the negative sense of competence among students who have benefited from the contribution of ICT compared to regular students. With regard to feelings of self-determination among students who benefited from the contribution of ICT, it is clearly demonstrated in a stagnation or decline in average little or no self-determined motivation and a slight increase or stagnation of the reasons self-determined in students who have benefited from the contribution of ICT. Finally, research has helped to highlight the existence of significant positive correlations between increased self-determined motivation and perceived quality of the positive experience of pedagogical innovation that represents the virtual learning mathematics. Definitively, this research highlights the importance of integration of ICT to improve current teaching practices, and meet two basic psychological needs, including perceived competence and feeling of self-determination, two main components of motivation according to the self-determination theory of Deci and Ryan. The results show interesting perspectives for strengthening the use of virtual learning environments for the benefit of the motivation for learning mathematics. The strengths and limitations of the research are discussed and a set of recommendations are made for academic actors, for instance the promising prospects of pedagogical integration of ICT for learning science in Africa, and specially in Niger.

O uso de tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação tem alterado a sociedade e seu emprego tem estimulado o debate na esfera pedagógica. A incorporação de tecnologias na educação pode ser considerada uma ferramenta facilitadora para transmissão de conhecimento ao aluno. O objetivo deste estudo de caso é identificar os desafios encontrados e as propostas de superação apresentadas. Buscou-se ainda analisar a satisfação e a usabilidade do ambiente virtual de aprendizagem (AVA) e dos materiais didáticos nele disponíveis, experimentados pelos alunos da graduação na Disciplina Odontologia Forense, na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo (FOUSP), dos cursos integral e noturno, no primeiro semestre de 2016. A tecnologia utilizada foi o software Moodle (\"Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment\"), onde foram depositados os objetos de aprendizagem: apostilas, vídeos, questionários e jogos. Participaram da pesquisa 113 estudantes. Como fonte de dados foram utilizados o grupo-focal, o questionário online semi-estruturado e os relatórios de logs do Moodle. Os dados foram analisados quantitativamente (análise descritiva) e qualitativamente (análise de conteúdo) e os resultados foram triangulados. Os desafios encontrados pelos alunos foram: dificuldade em acessar o AVA pelo celular; sobrecarga da estrutura curricular; não haver cobrança e lembretes para realizar as atividades online; desconexão entre a aula presencial e o ambiente virtual; haver mais de um site utilizado pelas disciplinas da faculdade. Em relação ao material didático, as atividades foram as mais visualizadas, com 1309 visualizações em média, seguida das apostilas (n=230), e dos vídeos (n=122). Os alunos sugeriram que tivesse mais atividades práticas no ambiente virtual. Para eles a realização de atividades no AVA foi importante para a fixação do conteúdo e para identificar eventuais dificuldades na aprendizagem (n=98%). As melhorias propostas, e concretizadas, foram no sentido de superar os desafios citados, ou seja, utilização da versão mobile do Moodle, diminuição da carga horária presencial e notificação de prazos e de atividades via redes sociais e correio eletrônico. Esta pesquisa demonstra a importância de ouvir os alunos durante o processo de ensinoaprendizagem para ajuda-los nas dificuldades encontradas e para que sejam estimulados a buscar o conhecimento. Demonstra também que o uso da tecnologia na educação é uma ferramenta facilitadora da aprendizagem, com alto nível de satisfação dos alunos. / The use of digital information and communication technologies has changed society and its employment has stimulated the debate in the pedagogical area. The incorporation of technologies in education can be considered a facilitating tool for transmitting knowledge to the student. The aim of this case study is to identify the challenges founded and the overcoming proposals presented, and to analyze the satisfaction and usability of the virtual learning environment (VLE) and of the teaching materials available there, in the University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry, of the integral and nocturnal courses, in the first semester of 2016. The technology used was Moodle (Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment), where the learning objects, such as workbooks, videos, questionnaires and games. 113 students participated in the study. The focus group, the online semi-estructured questionnaire, and the Moodle\'s log reports were used as data sources. Data were analyzed quantitatively (descriptive analysis) and qualitatively (content analysis), and the results were triangulated. The challenges encountered by the students were: difficulty in accessing the VLE through the cell phone; overload of the curricular structure; there are no charges and reminders for online activities; disconnection between the classroom and the virtual environment; more than one site used by college subjects. Regarding teaching material, activities were the most visualized, with 1309 views on average, followed by workbook (n = 230), and videos (n = 122). The students suggested that they had more practical activities in the virtual environment. For them, the VLE activities were important for determining the content and for identifying difficulties in learning (n = 98%). The proposed and implemented improvements were aimed at overcoming the aforementioned challenges, namely, the use of the mobile version of Moodle, the reduction of classroom hours and the notification of deadlines and activities via social networks and electronic mail. This research demonstrates the importance of listening to students during the teachinglearning process to help them in the difficulties encountered and to be stimulated to seek knowledge. It also demonstrates that the use of technology in education is a facilitating tool for learning, with a high level of student satisfaction.