A l’occasion de l'analyse de la question des capacités de l’image immobile isolée de « raconter une histoire », l’auteur développe les bases d’une narratologie fondamentale renouvelée, revisite la sémiotique du texte et les théories de l’image et réalise un déplacement méthodologique qui remplace l’approche sémiotique de la question du récit et de la narrativité par une approche en termes d’effets et de réception. La réflexion croise plusieurs disciplines : l’histoire de l’art, la narratologie, la sémiotique, mais aussi la philosophie et l’esthétique. Si l'auteur se propose bien de reconstruire les fondements même de la théorie de la narration visuelle, il ne cherche pas cependant à remplacer les théories existantes par un nouveau paradigme construit ex nihilo. Les bases nouvelles émergent au fil d’un travail sur les théories développées à ce jour ainsi qu'un corpus divers d'images narratives. Les théories critiquées se voient intégrées plutôt que niées dans le déplacement opéré. Pour résoudre le principal problème pour le récit iconique, celui du temps, l'auteur propose une nouvelle conceptualisation de la structure temporelle de l'image fixe unique. Celle-ci prend en compte le temps représenté et la durée perceptive. La dernière partie de l'ouvrage est consacrée à une relecture du Laocoon (1766) de G. E. Lessing, ouvrage largement responsable de la conception actuelle selon laquelle le récit iconique serait impossible. L'auteur montre que le débat autour des thèses de Lessing a été faussé par une confusion entre la question des possibilités/impossibilités de l’image comme telle et celle des « fins propres » de l’image dès lors qu’elle est artistique. / Based on his analysis of the possibility of iconic narrative – « telling a story » with a single still picture – Klaus-Peter Speidel develops a new foundation for visual narratology based on cognitive theory and reception aesthetics. Speidel's work is at the intersection of various disciplines : art history, literary theory, semiotics, philosophy of art and picture theory. While the thesis aims at reconstructing the foundations of a theory of visual narrative, the author does not try to replace the existing approaches with a new theory created ex nihilo. The new foundations emerge from his analysis of existing theories as well as a diverse array of pictures which play an important role in the argument. Classical theories of narrative are absorbed rather than rejected. In order to solve the main problem for visual narrative, the problem of time, the author offers a new conceptualisation of the temporal structure of still images. His taxonomy takes into account both the chronology of the story being told and perception time. The final part of the work offers a reinterpretation of G. E. Lessing's Laocoon (1766) a work that has played a major role for modern scepticism concerning the possibility of telling a story with a picture. The author shows that the discussion around Lessing has been biased by a confusion between the possibilities of the picture as such and the aims of artistic pictures. According to Speidel, Lessing's theory has lost much of its value as a theory of art but is still valuable as a theory for certain kinds of pictures, namely pictures that aim at “transparency”.

Orientador: Sidney Barbosa / Banca: Vera Lúcia Louzada de Mattos Dodebei / Banca: Eliane Serrão Alves Mey / Banca: Mariângela Spotti Lopes Fujita / Banca: João Batista Ernesto de Moraes / Resumo: Os fatores que colaboram com o processo de construção do conceito de Natureza têm nas obras literárias e imagéticas informações que refletem o pensamento da sociedade, num tempo e espaço determinados. A partir do entendimento da gênese e do percurso histórico da Ciência da Informação, pode-se identificar a diversidade documental que essa Ciência busca abarcar e explorar como objeto de estudo e de intervenção. Dentro dessa diversidade, percebe-se a complexidade apresentada tanto pela literatura como pela informação imagética, mais especificamente, cartazística, para a área disciplinar de Organização e Representação da Informação e do Conhecimento. Considerando essa complexidade, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo contribuir para a formulação de procedimentos metodológicos, no âmbito da análise de conteúdo de cartazes, tendo em vista a geração de produtos documentais. Tomando-se como base a Teoria de Shiyali Ramamrita Ranganathan, um dos primeiros teóricos da Ciência da Informação no século XX, explora-se uma aproximação teórico-conceitual entre as Categorias Essenciais e os elementos que compõem a estrutura do discurso retórico e as categorias da narrativa literária. Essa opção foi feita, diante da potencialidade que os enunciados literários suscitam em contribuir para um processo de ampliação conceitual das categorias ranganathianas. Nessa aproximação, estabeleceu-se um alinhamento teóricoconceitual capaz de verificar a possibilidade de uma efetiva contribuição de aspectos da Teoria Literária para a realização de análise de conteúdo cartazístico e de sua representação por meio da elaboração de sínteses ou resumos, no âmbito da Ciência da Informação. Faz-se uso dessas categorias ampliadas , para análise do conteúdo apresentado em cada cartaz, pautando-se em procedimentos de leitura do discurso retórico e identificação de... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The factors that contribute to the construction process of the concept of Nature have, in literary and visual works, information that reflects the thinking of society in a given time and space. From the understanding of the genesis and historical trajectory of Information Science, the diversity of documents that this Science seeks to embrace and explore as an object of study can be identified. Within this diversity, the complexity presented by literature as well as by image information and more specifically, posters, for the area of Information and Knowledge Organization and Representation, is perceived. Considering such complexity, this research aims to contribute to the formulation of methodological procedures, in the ambit of content analysis of posters, with an end to the elaboration of document products. Taking as the basis Shiyali Ramamrita Ranganathan's theory, one of the first theorists in Information Science of the 20th century, a theoretical-conceptual approximation between Essential Categories and the elements that make up the structure of rhetorical discourse and literary narrative categories is explored. This choice was made in the light of the potentiality that literary enunciations engender to contribute to the process of conceptual enlargement of Ranganathan categories. In this approximation, a theoretical-conceptual alignment was established, capable of verifying the possibility of an effective contribution of aspects of Literary Theory to content analysis of posters and of their representation by means of the elaboration of summaries or abstracts, in the ambit of Information Science. Use is made of these enlarged categories for analysis of the content presented in each poster, based on procedures from rhetorical discourse reading and concept identification. In this process, the possibility of considering the denotative, as well as the connotative aspects present ...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below) / Doutor

This study explores Environmental Storytelling techniques and whether these can beused in combination with each other to lead a player through a game scene in aspecific pattern, affect the player’s narrative and exploratory view and explorewhether Self-paced Exploration can be combined with these techniques.It is a qualitative study conducted by six gaming sessions with accompanyinginterviews in which six people get to play one of three versions of the same gamescene. The only differences between the scenes are the different guidance techniquesused. The informants' movement patterns are identified and interviews recorded byaudio, as well as screen recording. The results shows that Environmental Storytellingtechniques can very well be used to control the player's exploration patterns, bothnarratively and navigation purposes and Self-paced Exploration can be utilized to agreater efficiency in combination with these. / Denna studie behandlar Environmental Storytelling -tekniker och huruvida dessa kananvändas i kombination med varandra för att leda en spelare genom en spelscen i ettvisst mönster, påverka spelarens narrativa och utforskande uppfattning samt utforskahuruvida Self-paced Exploration kan kombineras med detta. Det är en kvalitativstudie utförd genom sex enskilda spelsessioner med tillhörande intervjuer där sexpersoner får spela en av tre versioner av samma spelscen. Spelscenernas endaskillnader är de olika vägledningstekniker som används. Informanternasrörelsemönster kartläggs och intervjuerna spelas in genom ljud, såväl somskärminspelning. Resultatet påvisade att Environmental Storytelling -tekniker mycketväl kan användas till att styra spelares utforskningsmönster, både narrativt ochnavigationsmässigt, samt att Self-paced Exploration kan utnyttjas till en störreeffektivitet i kombination med dessa.

This research investigates critical methods for approaching aesthetic design decisions in illustration. As a method of communication illustration qualifies its subjects through aesthetic choices, or modalities. The qualifying nature of these modalities can affect communication in an image and this research seeks an explicit understanding of how this communication occurs. This practice-based research project employs two aesthetic extremes, line and tone, in the creation of four historic visual narratives designed to fill visual gaps in the history of 1 Commando Fiji Guerillas. Line and tone are tendered as a means of visually negotiating the informing records of the Fiji Commando experience, records characterised by both conflict and absence. Can these disparate, conflicting, yet necessary records of experience be visually acknowledged in an illustrated expansion of the Fiji Commando's visual history? This position serves as the point of departure for research. An understanding of the communicative properties of line and tone is followed by investigation into their relationship to the propositions they represent, with initial research suggesting that modalities reflect the social contexts from which they encode. This relationship implied a means to negotiate the historic records necessary in a contemporary visual articulation of the Fiji Commando experience through the strategic use of aesthetic modalities to acknowledge the nature of informing source material. This practice-based approach to research allowed the consolidation of both the possible and the probable in the creation of a new visual, historic text, while revealing analytical approaches to aesthetic choice.

[pt] Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo compor uma análise estética comparativa abrangendo o desenho, a imagem, o objeto e a narrativa visual, em busca de afinidades e contrastes entre tipos de livros ágrafos publicados a partir de 1980. Esse propósito leva em conta o caráter interdisciplinar do Design para mediar o diálogo entre artefatos com predominância de semelhanças morfológicas e diferenças ideológicas. A análise de três acervos traz a campo as principais relações entre forma e conteúdo nesses livros a partir de uma perspectiva histórico-ontológica até a contemporaneidade nos campos da Literatura Infantil e Artes Visuais. A hipótese propõe a existência de estruturas estéticas e narrativas específicas, das quais decorrem formas de leitura e que vão além das imagens e narrativas, contemplando as quatro dimensões de espaço/tempo (linha, plano, objeto e narrativa). / [en] This research aims at presenting a comparative aesthetic analysis that encompasses the drawing, the image, the object; and the visual narrative, searching for the affinities and contrasts among types of textless books published after 1980. The goal is to take the interdisciplinary character of Design to mediate the dialogue among artfacts with predominance of morphological similarity and ideological differences. Furthermore, the analysis of three collections brought out the main form and content relationships in these books in a historical-ontological perspective until the contemporary reality in the field of Children s Literature and Visual Arts. The hypothesis states that there are specific narratives and aesthetic structures, from which comes specific reading forms beyond the images and narratives, contemplating the four dimensions of space and time (line, plane, object and narrative).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-08-15Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:43:59Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 costa_lsf_dr_mar.pdf: 6276487 bytes, checksum: 9bd118b85c93c98dc6a6fae7ee9ff653 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Os fatores que colaboram com o processo de construção do conceito de Natureza têm nas obras literárias e imagéticas informações que refletem o pensamento da sociedade, num tempo e espaço determinados. A partir do entendimento da gênese e do percurso histórico da Ciência da Informação, pode-se identificar a diversidade documental que essa Ciência busca abarcar e explorar como objeto de estudo e de intervenção. Dentro dessa diversidade, percebe-se a complexidade apresentada tanto pela literatura como pela informação imagética, mais especificamente, cartazística, para a área disciplinar de Organização e Representação da Informação e do Conhecimento. Considerando essa complexidade, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo contribuir para a formulação de procedimentos metodológicos, no âmbito da análise de conteúdo de cartazes, tendo em vista a geração de produtos documentais. Tomando-se como base a Teoria de Shiyali Ramamrita Ranganathan, um dos primeiros teóricos da Ciência da Informação no século XX, explora-se uma aproximação teórico-conceitual entre as Categorias Essenciais e os elementos que compõem a estrutura do discurso retórico e as categorias da narrativa literária. Essa opção foi feita, diante da potencialidade que os enunciados literários suscitam em contribuir para um processo de ampliação conceitual das categorias ranganathianas. Nessa aproximação, estabeleceu-se um alinhamento teóricoconceitual capaz de verificar a possibilidade de uma efetiva contribuição de aspectos da Teoria Literária para a realização de análise de conteúdo cartazístico e de sua representação por meio da elaboração de sínteses ou resumos, no âmbito da Ciência da Informação. Faz-se uso dessas categorias ampliadas , para análise do conteúdo apresentado em cada cartaz, pautando-se em procedimentos de leitura do discurso retórico e identificação de... / The factors that contribute to the construction process of the concept of Nature have, in literary and visual works, information that reflects the thinking of society in a given time and space. From the understanding of the genesis and historical trajectory of Information Science, the diversity of documents that this Science seeks to embrace and explore as an object of study can be identified. Within this diversity, the complexity presented by literature as well as by image information and more specifically, posters, for the area of Information and Knowledge Organization and Representation, is perceived. Considering such complexity, this research aims to contribute to the formulation of methodological procedures, in the ambit of content analysis of posters, with an end to the elaboration of document products. Taking as the basis Shiyali Ramamrita Ranganathan´s theory, one of the first theorists in Information Science of the 20th century, a theoretical-conceptual approximation between Essential Categories and the elements that make up the structure of rhetorical discourse and literary narrative categories is explored. This choice was made in the light of the potentiality that literary enunciations engender to contribute to the process of conceptual enlargement of Ranganathan categories. In this approximation, a theoretical-conceptual alignment was established, capable of verifying the possibility of an effective contribution of aspects of Literary Theory to content analysis of posters and of their representation by means of the elaboration of summaries or abstracts, in the ambit of Information Science. Use is made of these enlarged categories for analysis of the content presented in each poster, based on procedures from rhetorical discourse reading and concept identification. In this process, the possibility of considering the denotative, as well as the connotative aspects present ...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)

This study focuses on exploring the relationship between domestic workers and the children they help to raise from the child’s perspective, using attachment theory (Bowlby, 1988) and psychoanalytic theory (referring specifically to Klein (1952) and Fairbairn (1952/2006) as some theoretical bases). Also, the concepts of the social unconscious (Weinberg, 2007) and social ghosts (Gergen, 2000) are used to provide a link to the relationship having social implications and functions in the South African context. All theories were used in an anti-essentialistic, reflexive and heuristic way, without reification or objectification of the various terms and concepts within the theories. Also, the paradigmatic point of departure for this research is postmodernism (Apignanesi, Sadar, Curry&Garrat, 2003), focusing on the contextual and socially constructed view of knowledge production. From this point of departure, the methodology is qualitative and the research design autoethnographic (Bochner, 1997; Ellis 1998; 2000; Muncey, 2005; Holman Jones, 2005). My own story is presented where I have used various data sources such as my own memories, a letter (Babbie&Mouton, 2008), and photographs which were analysed according to the principles of visual narrative analysis found in Riessman (2008) primarily. Further data was collected through the use of two radio talk shows, where participants were invited to share their stories with regard to being raised by a domestic worker. This data was analysed using thematic narrative analysis (Riessman, 2008), in which the narratives (kept as whole as possible) were analysed, each case in turn, using themes from the narratives themselves and deductive psychoanalytic themes. Some of the themes elicited were possession (where charges felt in possession of their domestic worker), absence (in relation to the child’s biological mother experienced both by domestic workers biological children and the domestic workers charges), loss (especially in relation to a caregiver), the male caregiver (a paternal figure to his charges), the politicisation of the relationship (the relationship between domestic worker and charge as product of a political system), reconciliation and action (a call for empathy and change), and an intertwining of cultures (where black and white, male and female, rich and poor exist inextricably linked with one another as a product of segregation). I have also maintained a consistent critical and reflexive stance throughout. In conclusion I have presented the contribution of this work to social science and society. Similarly, some limitations of this study are presented, as well as directions for further research. Copyright / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Psychology / unrestricted

[pt] O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a ilustração enquanto elemento fundamental na construção de sentido de livros infantis. É feito um breve levantamento do percurso histórico da ilustração em livros desde a Idade Média e são examinadas as etapas da criação de imagens a partir de depoimentos e entrevistas com ilustradores contemporâneos, cujas obras representam uma linguagem visual específica em seus livros. Em seguida, as fases do processo da criação ilustrativa são descritas a fim de mostrar que a produção de imagens não é meramente uma ação intuitiva em relação ao texto verbal. Fruto de um projeto de design, trata-se de um processo estudado, concebido e referenciado na experiência do autor, bem como nos componentes da obra. Desta forma, a pesquisa estuda a relação verbo-visual e sua importância na criação das obras literárias infantis, considerando o gênero de ilustrações narrativas. A relação entre estes dois códigos de linguagem é discutida a partir da perspectiva de diferentes autores e ilustradores, identificando as possibilidades oferecidas pelo Design Gráfico na interação entre tipografia e ilustração. / [en] This work s goal is to study illustration as a fundamental element in the children s book meaning making. A brief historical account of book illustration from Middle Ages is presented. Contemporary illustrators are interviewed to describe their creative process. This process is brought foreword in order to show that image creating is not just based on intuition vis-à-vis the verbal text. As the result of a project of graphic design, such process is conceived and based on the author s experience, as well as the elements found in references around the written text. The present work, therefore, examines the verbal and visual relationship, and its importance in the creation of children s literary works concerning narrative illustration. The connection between these two codes, is then, discussed bearing in mind different perspectives presented by authors and illustrators.

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objeto de estudio a la caricatura y la comunicación de crítica social. Se plantea como objetivo general analizar los elementos de representación gráfica y las funciones de la narrativa visual en los personajes de las series animadas dirigidas al público adulto mayores de dieciocho (18) años, para comunicar contenidos de crítica social. La indagación parte de la hipótesis de que la caricatura es una herramienta de comunicación gráfica relacionada al diseño de personajes que contrarresta la compleja información de crítica que se emite en series animadas. En cuanto a la metodología de la investigación, es de carácter descriptivo y parte del análisis de dos series animadas que comparten el mismo target, pero con distinta temporalidad de realización como South Park (1997 en emisión televisiva) y Big Mouth (2017 en emisión streaming), con la finalidad de comparar atributos gráficos y narrativos, que permitan corroborar la existencia de similitud y tendencia de estructura comunicativa. Entre los principales resultados obtenidos en la ficha descriptiva de diseño se evidenció la repetición de arquetipos del personaje y la relación entre la representación visual, conformada por las características físicas, la representación narrativa, basada en el rol que desempeña. Ambos como producto construyen la personificación que busca tener similitudes con el espectador y la realidad que lo rodea. De esta manera, se concluye que la construcción de un personaje para realizar crítica social cuenta con un trasfondo previo a su realización gráfica. Los personajes tienen el propósito de ser el reflejo de la sociedad en sus distintos puntos de vista, para vincular la realidad con los temas desarrollados y satirizarlos para finalmente amenizar un mensaje conciso que lleve al espectador a la intriga, atención y reflexión. / The research work has as object of study the caricature and the communication of social criticism. The general objective is to analyze the elements of graphic representation and the functions of visual narrative in the characters of animated series aimed at adult audiences over eighteen (18) years of age, to communicate content of social criticism. The investigation starts from the hypothesis that the cartoon is a graphic communication tool related to character design that counteracts the complex critical information that is emitted in animated series. As for the research methodology, it is descriptive and part of the analysis of two animated series that share the same target, but with different timing, such as South Park (1997 on television broadcast) and Big Mouth (2017 on streaming broadcast ), in order to compare graphic and narrative attributes, which allow corroborating the existence of similarity and tendency of the communicative structure. Among the main results obtained in the descriptive design sheet, the repetition of archetypes of the character and the relationship between the visual representation, made up of physical characteristics, and the narrative representation, based on the role it plays, was evidenced. Both as a product build the personification that seeks to have similarities with the viewer and the reality that surrounds him. In this way, it is concluded that the construction of a character to perform social criticism has a background prior to its graphic realization. The characters have the purpose of being the reflection of society in its different points of view, to link reality with the developed themes and satirize them to finally liven up a concise message that leads the viewer to intrigue, attention and reflection / Trabajo de investigación

User interface elements and the order in which they are organized and perceived by the user are creating particular narrative - visual narrative. This narrative, which is interpreted by users, should serve as a visual tool to guide users through the process of interaction. Meaning of the interface is created through visual relationships and their hierarchy. Visual narrative can guide the user through the necessary steps of interaction by using an appropriate spacing and enhancing of interfaces elements. Presentational diploma thesis demonstrates that structure of visual narrative has a particular impact on a quality of human-computer interaction. The case study represents application of constructed principles on the selected web pages of airline reservation systems.