The adoption and implementation of Building Information Modelling (BIM), as technologies and processes, in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry marked a significant step forward in advanced digital transformation. One of the distinctive features of the AEC industry is that it necessitates a collaborative effort between several actors from different domains to realize building projects effectively. The involved actors employ different BIM platforms and tools that best suit the task they perform. In addition, the actors rely on one another for information to successfully perform their tasks indicating the crucial importance of digital collaboration and information exchanges between the involved actors. Building product manufacturers are among the important actors in the AEC industry and digitizing how building product data is shared and exchanged is an essential factor for the success of digital BIM processes. The Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) is a widely used data schema for representing building information in a neutral format to support information exchanges between different digital tools. Currently, IFC is supported by several BIM applications employed in the industry and can successfully exchange geometric information of a product. However, the IFC data schema does not cover explicit semantic definitions for domain-specific, innovative or multifunctional product data descriptions, making semantic enrichment of product data difficult. In addition, semantic queries, consistency checking, reasoning and automated data processing are challenging to apply on the IFC models. Several studies suggest using web-based standards and technologies, including the semantic web, to digitally manage and share information. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate how the semantic web technologies can support information interoperability and data integration processes between the manufacturing and building industries. As a proof of concept, a prototype is developed to investigate and demonstrate the feasibility of using the semantic web technologies for information exchanges. The design science research methodology frames the research work presented in this thesis and guides the development and evaluation of the prototype. The prototype is evaluated, with industry representatives, based on product description requirements derived from the research problem and related studies. The outcome demonstrates the feasibility of applying the semantic web technologies in the AEC industry, implying the potential benefits the semantic web could provide in addressing the industry's long-standing information interoperability challenge. / Implementeringen av Byggnads Information Modeller (BIM) har varit en katalysator för digitaliseringen inom samhällsbyggnadssektorn. En av de utmärkande egenskaperna hos samhällsbyggnadssektorn är att det krävs samarbete mellan ett stort antal aktörer, från olika domäner, för att effektivt realisera byggprojekt. De inblandade aktörerna använder oftast olika digitala verktyg, anpassade för de uppgifter aktören utför. De olika aktörerna är också helt beroende av de andra aktörernas information för att framgångsrikt kunna utföra sina uppgifter. Detta gör att ett väl fungerande digitalt samarbete och informationsutbyte är av avgörande betydelse. Då byggnader och anläggningar till stor del består av produkter från tillverkningsindustrin så är tillverkarna en kategori viktiga aktörer inom samhällsbyggnadssektorn och digitaliseringen av produktdata är en väsentlig faktor för digitaliseringen av sektorn. Informationsutbyten mellan aktörerna sker idag främst med hjälp av Industry Foundation Classes (IFC). IFC täcker inte explicita semantiska definitioner för domänspecifika, innovativa eller multifunktionella produktdatabeskrivningar vilket gör det svårt att semantiskt berika produktdata. Dessutom är sökning efter produktdata, med hjälp av semantiska frågor, och automatiserad databehandling utmanande i dagsläget. P g a dessa problem föreslår flera studier att man bör applicera standarder och tekniker framtagna för WWW, inklusive teknologier från området semantiska nätverk, för att digitalt hantera och dela information. Syftet med denna forskning är att undersöka hur dessa teknologier kan stödja informationsutbytet mellan tillverknings- och byggindustrin. Forskningen utfördes enligt forskningsmetodiken Design Science Research (DSR). En prototyp har implementerats. Prototypens funktionalitet och användbarhet utvärderades tillsammans med branschrepresentanter. Dessutom utvärderades prototypen med hjälp av en kravlista som utformades med hjälp av vetenskaplig litteratur inom området. Resultaten från utvärderingen visar att teknologin från området semantiska nätverk kan användas för att informationsutbyten av produktdata mellan tillverknings- och byggindustrier. Resultaten visar också att denna teknologi kan lösa vissa av de problem som länge varit en utmaning i samhällsbyggnadssektorn.

Food waste has become a serious matter which negatively impacts the environment worldwide. This raises the issue of managing food waste more efficiently, which in many cases can be aided with technology, and there has been previous research suggesting possible solutions. On a household level, food waste could be better managed by providing individuals with visual representations or summaries of how much they waste, and hopefully motivating them to waste less. However, typicalcharts used for visualizing data often fail to motivate users. Abstract visualizations might have a better chance at doing so. The focus of this master thesis is to design and develop a responsive web application which helps users keep track of their food purchases. Using the application, users can create product lists and perform two actions on products: consuming and wasting. The app prototype aims to increase an individual’s motivation towards wasting less food by providing a virtual “tree” visualization with similar features to a real tree such as branches and leaves. However, instead of growing depending on its’ environment like a real tree would, this virtual “tree” representation would grow based on the user’s actions: subject to how much food is consumed or wasted, the virtual tree will grow further or gradually start withering. A user study was conducted which involved a questionnaire surveying the general attitudes and practices of the participants regarding their household food waste, which was sent to participants both before and after using the resulting prototype.This enabled for relevant comparisons to be made between the user attitudes before and after trying the prototype. Furthermore, at the end of study, two user groups could be identified: most active participants and less active participants. This classification was made based on the activity logs gathered from the application database, where “most active” refers to participants that used the application regularly during the evaluation period and “less active” means the participants with very little or no activity recorded in the database. A final questionnaire was developed in two variants for collecting user feedback, tailored for the two groups identified: most active participants and less active participants. These surveys were shared with a group of participants who had agreed on using the resulting prototype for a period of at least two weeks. The results of the user study suggested that users were positive to the concept of the prototype and most users showed a keen interest in future improvements of the application. It is hoped that this work makes a relevant contribution to the areas of household food waste management, digital inventories, and web technologies, specifically web applications.

The security and integrity of TLS certificates are essential for ensuring secure transmission over the internet and protecting millions of people from man-in-the-middle attacks. Certificate Authorities (CA) play a crucial role in issuing and managing thesecertificates. This bachelor thesis presents a longitudinal analysis of certificate chains forpopular domains, examining their evolution over time and across different categories. Using publicly available certificate data from sources such as crt.sh and censys.io, we createda longitudinal dataset of certificate chains for domains from the Top 1-M list of Tranco.We categorized the certificates based on their type, and the particular service categories.We analyzed a selected set of domains over time and identified the patterns and trendsthat emerged in their certificate chains. Our analysis revealed several noteworthy trends,including an increase in the use of new CAs and a shift of which types of certificates areused, we also found a trend in shorter certificate chains and fewer paths from domain toroot certificate. This implies a more streamlined and simplified certificate process overtime until today. Our findings have implications for the broader cybersecurity communityand demonstrate the importance of ongoing monitoring and analysis of certificate chainsfor popular domains.

Актуальность темы магистерской диссертации обусловлена всевозрастающей ролью автоматизации работы и обратной связи между студентами и преподавателем. Эффективное управление планированием обратной связи является залогом успешной работы, получение максимальной пользы при минимальных временных и финансовых издержках. Практическая значимость заключается в том, что разработанные рекомендации позволят повысить эффективность обратной связи студентов с преподавателем, сократить трудозатраты персонала, снизить расходы и издержки, связанные с обработкой анкет вручную. / The relevance of the topic of master's thesis is due to the ever-increasing role of work automation and feedback between students and the teacher. Effective management of feedback planning is the key to successful work, getting maximum benefit with minimal time and financial costs. The practical importance lies in the fact that the developed recommendations will improve the feedback of students with the teacher, reduce the labor costs of staff, reduce costs and costs associated with the processing of questionnaires manually.

A utilização de equipamentos digitais e de meios de comunicação de dados, na conexão entre os dispositivos de uma subestação de energia elétrica oportunizam o uso de tecnologias para aprimorar e elevar as potencialidades de controle e supervisão do sistema elétrico de potência. As concessionárias de energia elétrica demandam altos investimentos na construção e implantação de sistemas de supervisão, controle e aquisição de dados. A partir destes sistemas é possível visualizar em um mapa da rede elétrica, os pontos de instalação dos relés e os status do seu funcionamento, possibilitando a concretização de um diagnóstico e o controle destes equipamentos. A World Wide Web se tornou um meio conveniente para acesso às informações devido ao fato dos browsers serem capazes de integrar diferentes serviços de rede em uma única e amigável interface com o usuário. A implementação de um sistema de supervisão e controle utilizando tecnologias web gratuitas pode, com custo competitivo, agregar dados que estejam dispostos geograficamente, em uma plataforma computacional ergonômica, coesa e flexível, provendo acesso aos mesmos a partir de qualquer dispositivo conectado a Internet. Como resultado deste trabalho, foi implementado um sistema Web de controle e supervisão de um bay típico de saída de linha com interface simples, geração de relatórios pertinentes e anunciação de eventos. Foi implementado um segundo sistema Web de supervisão de uma lógica de corte e restabelecimento de cargas conhecido como ERAC (Esquema Regional de Alívio de Carga) que, utilizando recursos distribuídos, exibe em uma interface intuitiva as regiões de atuação dos estágios de cortes, anunciando os eventos e gerando relatórios de interesse. Por fim, foi desenvolvido um sistema de aquisição de dados de frequência e tensão de um medidor de qualidade da energia elétrica, construção de gráficos com os dados variantes no tempo, exportação dos dados de acordo com um período selecionado e implementação de uma rede neural perceptron multicamadas Time Delay Neural Network para predição dos valores de frequência futuros. As aplicações de supervisão e controle do sistema elétrico foram desenvolvidas com tecnologias Web e testadas em uma rede Intranet, de forma a avaliar a pertinência da implementação de aplicações para o sistema elétrico de potência, que podem ser acessadas de um browser padrão. Cabe ressaltar que todo sistema desenvolvido foi testado em equipamentos reais que fazem parte de uma estrutura laboratorial disponível, aos alunos de pós-graduação da Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Laboratório de Sistemas de Energia Elétrica onde duas subestações com relés digitais comerciais são simuladas em bastidores interligados por um backbone de fibra óptica, os quais estão conectados a rede local do laboratório, permitindo o acesso remoto aos equipamentos. Tais sistemas, por estarem em plataforma Web, podem agregar recursos, que estão distribuídos, na construção de interfaces amigáveis e intuitivas, além da disponibilidade de acesso a informação de qualquer ponto conectado à Internet que uma aplicação Web oportuniza. / The use of digital equipment and data communication for the connection of the devices in an electric power substation provides the implementation of new technologies to improve and upgrade the potentialities of control and supervision of an electrical power system. The utilities demand high investments in the establishment and implementation of supervision, control and data acquisition systems. Based on these systems, it is possible to visualize a map of the electrical network, the installation points of digital relays and the status of their functions, making it possible the diagnosis and control of such equipment. The World Wide Web started a convenient access to information due to the friendly interface with the user. The implementation of a supervising and control system using free web technologies can, in a competitive cost, join data which are geographically available to an ergonomic computational platform and also provides access to the users from any device connected to the web. As a result of this work, a supervision Web control System of a typical bay with a simple interface was set up, as well as the development of reports and announcement of events. A second network supervision system for cutting load and for power reestablishment, known as regional load relief scheme, was implemented. Finally, a voltage and frequency data acquisition system from a power quality equipment with time varying graphics was developed as well as a implementation of a multiple neural perception net (Time Delay Neural Network) in order to predict future values of the frequency. The supervision and control applications were developed with web technologies and tested using an intranet in order assure the application on the electrical power system, which can be accessed by a standard browser. It is relevant to mention that the whole system was tested in actual equipment which belongs to a laboratorial structure available to the post graduation students at the University of São Paulo, School of Engineering of São Carlos, Power Systems Laboratory where two substations with commercial digital relays are simulated and interconnected by a fiber optics backbone and also connected to the local laboratory network which allows remote access to the equipment. Such system as set up in a web platform that can add resources which are distributed in the development of a friendly and intuitive interface in addition to the availability of access to the information from any point connected to the web.

A utilização de equipamentos digitais e de meios de comunicação de dados, na conexão entre os dispositivos de uma subestação de energia elétrica oportunizam o uso de tecnologias para aprimorar e elevar as potencialidades de controle e supervisão do sistema elétrico de potência. As concessionárias de energia elétrica demandam altos investimentos na construção e implantação de sistemas de supervisão, controle e aquisição de dados. A partir destes sistemas é possível visualizar em um mapa da rede elétrica, os pontos de instalação dos relés e os status do seu funcionamento, possibilitando a concretização de um diagnóstico e o controle destes equipamentos. A World Wide Web se tornou um meio conveniente para acesso às informações devido ao fato dos browsers serem capazes de integrar diferentes serviços de rede em uma única e amigável interface com o usuário. A implementação de um sistema de supervisão e controle utilizando tecnologias web gratuitas pode, com custo competitivo, agregar dados que estejam dispostos geograficamente, em uma plataforma computacional ergonômica, coesa e flexível, provendo acesso aos mesmos a partir de qualquer dispositivo conectado a Internet. Como resultado deste trabalho, foi implementado um sistema Web de controle e supervisão de um bay típico de saída de linha com interface simples, geração de relatórios pertinentes e anunciação de eventos. Foi implementado um segundo sistema Web de supervisão de uma lógica de corte e restabelecimento de cargas conhecido como ERAC (Esquema Regional de Alívio de Carga) que, utilizando recursos distribuídos, exibe em uma interface intuitiva as regiões de atuação dos estágios de cortes, anunciando os eventos e gerando relatórios de interesse. Por fim, foi desenvolvido um sistema de aquisição de dados de frequência e tensão de um medidor de qualidade da energia elétrica, construção de gráficos com os dados variantes no tempo, exportação dos dados de acordo com um período selecionado e implementação de uma rede neural perceptron multicamadas Time Delay Neural Network para predição dos valores de frequência futuros. As aplicações de supervisão e controle do sistema elétrico foram desenvolvidas com tecnologias Web e testadas em uma rede Intranet, de forma a avaliar a pertinência da implementação de aplicações para o sistema elétrico de potência, que podem ser acessadas de um browser padrão. Cabe ressaltar que todo sistema desenvolvido foi testado em equipamentos reais que fazem parte de uma estrutura laboratorial disponível, aos alunos de pós-graduação da Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Laboratório de Sistemas de Energia Elétrica onde duas subestações com relés digitais comerciais são simuladas em bastidores interligados por um backbone de fibra óptica, os quais estão conectados a rede local do laboratório, permitindo o acesso remoto aos equipamentos. Tais sistemas, por estarem em plataforma Web, podem agregar recursos, que estão distribuídos, na construção de interfaces amigáveis e intuitivas, além da disponibilidade de acesso a informação de qualquer ponto conectado à Internet que uma aplicação Web oportuniza. / The use of digital equipment and data communication for the connection of the devices in an electric power substation provides the implementation of new technologies to improve and upgrade the potentialities of control and supervision of an electrical power system. The utilities demand high investments in the establishment and implementation of supervision, control and data acquisition systems. Based on these systems, it is possible to visualize a map of the electrical network, the installation points of digital relays and the status of their functions, making it possible the diagnosis and control of such equipment. The World Wide Web started a convenient access to information due to the friendly interface with the user. The implementation of a supervising and control system using free web technologies can, in a competitive cost, join data which are geographically available to an ergonomic computational platform and also provides access to the users from any device connected to the web. As a result of this work, a supervision Web control System of a typical bay with a simple interface was set up, as well as the development of reports and announcement of events. A second network supervision system for cutting load and for power reestablishment, known as regional load relief scheme, was implemented. Finally, a voltage and frequency data acquisition system from a power quality equipment with time varying graphics was developed as well as a implementation of a multiple neural perception net (Time Delay Neural Network) in order to predict future values of the frequency. The supervision and control applications were developed with web technologies and tested using an intranet in order assure the application on the electrical power system, which can be accessed by a standard browser. It is relevant to mention that the whole system was tested in actual equipment which belongs to a laboratorial structure available to the post graduation students at the University of São Paulo, School of Engineering of São Carlos, Power Systems Laboratory where two substations with commercial digital relays are simulated and interconnected by a fiber optics backbone and also connected to the local laboratory network which allows remote access to the equipment. Such system as set up in a web platform that can add resources which are distributed in the development of a friendly and intuitive interface in addition to the availability of access to the information from any point connected to the web.

Today more and more objects in our daily lives are getting connected to the Internet. This phenomenon is called the Internet of Things and is a way for physical things such as cars, buildings or even bus stations to get access and communicate with other objects using the Internet. The problem is that for every Internet of Things device, an application is often needed in order to communicate with these devices. Developing mobile applications in a separate programming language for each operating system can be an expensive and time consuming task. In this thesis, we implement and evaluate a cross-platform mobile solution for users to interact with smart things using the advantages of web technologies. To compare previous findings in this area, two literature reviews has been performed to find out which is the state of the art on cross-platform mobile development frameworks and smart-things technologies used for interacting with physical objects. The result is a mobile application developed using PhoneGap and jQuery Mobile that interacts with iBeacons, where students inside a university building can get directions and schedules for different rooms. The application received good results from a couple of usability studies, and performed well when measuring its performance. The outcome shows that web technologies that exist today are a viable solution to native mobile applications in terms of interacting with smart things such as tagging technologies.

<div>Large datasets related to Indiana’s Education and Workforce development are used by various demographics such as stakeholders and decision makers in education and government, parents, teachers and employees of various companies to find trends and patterns in the data to better guide decision-making through statistical analysis. However, most of this data is scattered, textual and available in the form of excel sheets which makes it harder to look at the data from different perspectives, drill down and roll up the data and find trends and patterns in the data. Such data representation does not take into account the inherent characteristics of the user which can affect how well the user understands, perceives and interprets the data.</div><div>Information dashboards used to view and navigate between visualizations of different datasets, provide a coherent, central access to all data, and make it easy to view different aspects of the system. The purpose of this research is to create a new data visualization dashboard for visualizing education and workforce data and find which design principles are applicable while designing such a dashboard for the target demographic in the education and workforce domain. This study also aims at assessing how the introduction of such a data dashboard affects the work processes and decision making of stakeholders involved in education and workforce development in the state of Indiana.</div><div>User studies consisting of usability testing and semi-structured interviews with the stakeholders in education and workforce development in the state of Indiana is conducted to test the effectiveness of the dashboard. Finally, this research proposes how a regional map-based dashboard can be used as an effective method to design a data dashboard for education and workforce data for other states and other domains as well.</div>

<p>Highly intelligent and technically savvy people are employed to hack data systems throughout the world for prominence or monetary gain. Organizations must combat these criminals with people of equal or greater ability. There have been reports of heightened threats from cyber criminals focusing upon the energy sector, with recent attacks upon natural gas pipelines and payment centers. The Center for Innovative and Strategic Transformation of Alkane Resources (CISTAR) working collaboratively with the Purdue Process Safety and Assurance Center (P2SAC) reached out to the Computer and Information Technology Department to assist with analysis of the current cybersecurity posture of the companies involved with the CISTAR initiative. This cybersecurity research project identifies the overall defensive cyber posture of CISTAR companies and provides recommendations on how to bolster internal cyberspace defenses through the identification of gaps and shortfalls, which aided the compilation of suggestions for improvement. Key findings include the correlation of reduced cybersecurity readiness to companies founded less than 10 years ago, cybersecurity professionals employed by all CISTAR companies and all CISTAR companies implementing basic NIST cybersecurity procedures.</p>

DotVVM, WebAssembly, WASM, Blazor, ASP.NET Core, .NET Core, .NET, Mono, JavaScript, JavaScript engine, LLVM, AOT compiler, JIT compiler, WSL