Qu'est-ce qui prédispose le Portugal, le Brésil, le Québec, et l'Indiana aux USA, à mettre en place des sites institutionnels des récits de vie comme les musées de la personne, contrairement en France, où des initiatives de ce genre relèvent de la vie privée ? Nous nous interrogeons sur la force que peuvent revêtir ces récits de vie vidéos et sur le choix de ces pays de les podcaster : s’agit-il de redonner la parole à toutes les générations, les rendre plus visibles ou audibles, dans le but de transmettre, de laisser des traces pour la postérité ? Quelle est la teneur des ces traces, et qu’est-ce qui s’opère dans l’interaction entre générations ? Nous recherchons à podcaster et étudier les traces sémiotiques, sémantiques, sémiologiques des récits de vie issus de ce réseau de sites « Musée de la personne » de ces 4 pays. Nous considérons que les traces de la mémoire vivante des récits présents sur des supports numériques ou audiovisuels, constituent un édifice aussi matériel qu’un musée dans un espace donné. Le récit de vie traduirait une immémorialité, « un mouvement permanent entre temps présent et temps passé, des informations ou des événements passés et présents marquent le dialogue présent ». Nous sommes en présence de normes nouvelles, mais surtout en présence de paradigmes successifs ou de mouvements paradoxaux de recontextualisation et de reconfiguration symbolique, au fur et à mesure que ces récits de vie se transmettent d’un citoyen à un autre. Ces récits et « ces pratiques mémorielles sont très vivants chez les Anglais et les Australiens ». Il nous semble que les récits de vie peuvent participer à la formation du lien social entre générations, entre citoyens nationaux et non nationaux. Ce lien social doit s’inscrire dans l'attention et la responsabilité portée et partagée entre ascendants et descendants. Ce programme d'attention aux générations s'appelle la « neguentropie ». Il s'agirait d'un programme éthique et responsable de l'attention portée à autrui, basé sur la générosité.Tous ces dispositifs d'attention, ces récits de vie doivent s’inscrire dans une « noopolitique » de la santé publique aussi bien physique que mentale. Il s'agit de prendre garde « aux déficits attentionnels et aux troubles intergénérationnels ». Un « psychopouvoir » devrait être mis en place par nos gouvernements au service « d'une politique industrielle des technologies de l'esprit ». / What predisposes Portugal, Brazil, Quebec, and Indiana in the USA, to set up institutional sites of “life stories” on supports (media) videos (like virtual museums), unlike in France, where such initiative remains private life? We will try to focus on the strength of life stories, and we will try to understand why countries chose to podcast them. Actually, do they use life stories in order to hand over to the rising generation, and to make them more visible and audible, so that life stories are passing on and leave prints forever (to let posterity)? Besides, what is the content of these prints, and what do they occur to the generations? Also, what about the interaction between them? In fact, we will try to podcast and study semiotic, semantic and semiological prints of life stories that we can find on the following websites, called “Museum of the person" which is suitable for the four countries that we have previously mentioned. It seems that life stories prints found in digital and audiovisual media, are like a material building, as real as a museum in a given and real place. Moreover, we have to say that a life story is like a "permanent movement between the past and the present” that influences the present dialogue. We are facing with such new standards, especially with successive paradigms or paradoxical movements of recontextualization and symbolic reconfiguration, every time that a life story is told from a citizen to another. Life stories and memory passing down generation to generation, are very common to English and Australian people. It truly seems that life stories prints are part of a social link between all the generations, and also between national and non-national citizens. This important social link takes part of aspecific care/ attention to memories and their responsibility that are shared between ascendants and descendants. This care program is called "neguentropy". It is an ethical and responsible program based of the attention to others, and generosity. All this plan of actions, relying on the attention of life stories, should be part of a”physical and mental public noopolitic health program”. The aim is to face attention deficit disorder and intergenerational discord. Finally, a "psychopower" should be set up by our governments in order to serve an “industrial policy of spirit mind technology”.

El siguiente proyecto de investigación se basa en la introducción de productos ecológicos y orgánicos, hechos de manera artesanal al mercado peruano, partiendo de las propiedades naturales para así lograr obtener una cartera de productos para el cuidado de la piel.  Sin embargo, a este proyecto se le adiciona un valor agregado, y es relacionarlo con la enseñanza de transición del uso de cosmetología tradicional hacia la cosmetología natural, es decir, no solo se brinda un producto al usuario, sino que se le enseña a cómo mantener una rutina de cuidado personal a base de productos de insumos naturales y un estilo de vida ecológico.  Así mismo, se tiene en cuenta que el actual mercado peruano ha ido en constante crecimiento a pesar de la actual situación en la que se encuentra atravesando el país como también la competencia directa e indirecta en el rubro de negocio. Es por ello que, se procederá a detallar el análisis, estrategias ejecutadas y la respuesta del mercado al lanzamiento, introducción y crecimiento de los productos de skincare a base de insumos naturales, con el objetivo de lograr una máxima rentabilidad para el negocio y un óptimo servicio para los consumidores. / The following research project is based on the introduction of ecological and organic products, made in a traditional way to the Peruvian market, starting from natural properties in order to achieve a portfolio of skin care products. However, an added value is added to this project, and is to relate it to the teaching of transition from the use of traditional cosmetology to natural cosmetology, that is, not only is a product provided to the user, but it is taught how maintain a personal care routine based on natural input products and an ecological lifestyle. Likewise, it is taken into account that the current Peruvian market has been in constant growth despite the current situation in which the country is going through as well as direct and indirect competition in the business area. That is why we will proceed to detail the analysis, implemented strategies and the market response to the launch, introduction and growth of skincare products based on natural inputs, with the aim of achieving maximum profitability for the business and optimal service for consumers. / Trabajo de investigación

Actualmente, estamos viviendo un tiempo de aceleración, donde los cambios son más frecuentes que lo habitual. Existen más máquinas y herramientas a nuestra disposición para mejorar nuestra calidad de vida, sin embargo, no tenemos el tiempo para terminar todas nuestras actividades. Nuestro modelo de negocio se basa en seguir apoyando a la transformación digital durante y post Covid-19, mediante unas plantillas descargables de una página web que te ayudará a organizar el tiempo, planear las actividades pendientes, pero en general a ser mucho más productivo y lograr cumplir todos tus proyectos, metas y objetivos de manera eficaz. Las plantillas digitales Tracky están en formato PDF editable que se adapta a cualquier dispositivo ya sea celular, Tablet o laptop. Asimismo, por parte de nuestra creatividad hemos creado un singular personaje que cobra vida en nuestras plantillas y redes sociales. Tracky, nuestro personaje principal, nació de la palabra tracker, una plantilla muy utilizada para realizar un buen seguimiento a tus actividades y que te ayudará ser una persona más organizada. ¿Estás listo(a) para vivir esta experiencia? / Nowadays, we are living in a time of acceleration, where changes are more frequent than usual. There are more machines and tools at our disposal to improve our quality of life, however, we do not have the time to finish all our activities. Our business model is based on continuing to support the digital transformation during and after Covid-19, through downloadable templates from a web page that will help you organize time, plan pending activities, but in general to be much more productive and achieve all your projects, goals, and objectives effectively. Tracky digital templates are in editable PDF format that adapts to any device, be it cell phone, tablet, or laptop. Also, through our creativity we have created a unique character that comes to life in our templates and social networks. Tracky, our main character, was born from the word tracker, a very used template to keep track of your activities and that will help you to be a more organized person. Are you ready to live this experience? / Trabajo de investigación

This master thesis includes a comprehensive analysis of the new car sales via the internet. The SLETPE and SWOT analyses were used for the overall analysis of the external and internal environment. The opinion about this new way of selling cars was inspected by marketing research. The current websites of companies are described and assessed, because of the importance for the implementation of e-commerce.

The work investigates the relationship the Swedish indigenous people, the Sámi people, have towards their cultural remains in the Sámi cultural landscape. It is investigated through a qualitative-comparative literature studie which is primarily conducted through an analysis of four websites; two Sámi controlled websites and two swedish county administration controlled websites. The relationship the Sámi people have towards their ancient cultural remains can be seen through studies of their relationship towards graves and old settlement remains, (swe:kåtatomter) which reflects a relationship that is contested by factors such as the threat of exploitation of the Sámi cultural landscape, and by the challenges that comes with repatriation cases. The work emanates from a postcolonial perspective which can be seen throughout the entire work and which is primarily based on reconciliation as a concept within postcolonial theory

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Cette thèse s'intéresse particulièrement aux sites de vente en ligne et à leurs réseaux sociaux. La propension des utilisateurs utiliser ces sites Web tels qu'eBay et Amazon est de plus en plus importante en raison de leur fiabilité. Les consommateurs se réfèrent à ces sites Web pour leurs besoins et en deviennent clients. L'un des défis à relever est de fournir les informations utiles pour aider les clients dans leurs achats. Ainsi, une question sous-jacente à la thèse cherche à répondre est de savoir comment fournir une information complète aux clients afin de les aider dans leurs achats. C'est important pour les sites d'achats en ligne car cela satisfait les clients par ces informations utiles. Pour surmonter ce problème, trois études spécifiques ont été réalisées : (1) Trouver les utilisateurs influents, (2) Comprendre la propagation d'opinion et (3) Agréger les opinions. Dans la première partie, la thèse propose une méthodologie pour trouver les utilisateurs influents du réseau qui sont essentiels pour une propagation précise de l'opinion. Pour ce faire, les utilisateurs sont classés en fonction de deux scores : optimiste et pessimiste. Dans la deuxième partie, une nouvelle méthodologie de propagation de l'opinion est présentée pour parvenir à un accord et maintenir la cohérence entre les utilisateurs, ce qui rend l'agrégation possible. La propagation se fait en tenant compte des impacts des utilisateurs influents et des voisins. Enfin, dans la troisième partie, l'agrégation des avis est proposée pour rassembler les avis existants et les présenter comme des informations utiles pour les clients concernant chaque produit du site de vente en ligne. Pour ce faire, l'opérateur de calcul de la moyenne pondérée et les techniques floues sont utilisées. La thèse présente un modèle d'opinion consensuelle dans les réseaux. Les travaux peuvent s'appliquer à tout groupe qui a besoin de trouver un avis parmi les avis de ses membres. Par conséquent, le modèle proposé dans la thèse fournit un taux précis et approprié pour chaque produit des sites d'achat en ligne / Online Social Networks are increasing and piercing our lives such that almost every person in the world has a membership at least in one of them. Among famous social networks, there are online shopping websites such as Amazon, eBay and other ones which have members and the concepts of social networks apply to them. This thesis is particularly interested in the online shopping websites and their networks. According to the statistics, the attention of people to use these websites is growing due to their reliability. The consumers refer to these websites for their need (which could be a product, a place to stay, or home appliances) and become their customers. One of the challenging issues is providing useful information to help the customers in their shopping. Thus, an underlying question the thesis seeks to answer is how to provide comprehensive information to the customers in order to help them in their shopping. This is important for the online shopping websites as it satisfies the customers by this useful information and as a result increases their customers and the benefits of both sides. To overcome the problem, three specific connected studies are considered: (1) Finding the influential users, (2) Opinion Propagation and (3) Opinion Aggregation. In the first part, the thesis proposes a methodology to find the influential users in the network who are essential for an accurate opinion propagation. To do so, the users are ranked based on two scores namely optimist and pessimist. In the second part, a novel opinion propagation methodology is presented to reach an agreement and maintain the consistency among users which subsequently, makes the aggregation feasible. The propagation is conducted considering the impacts of the influential users and the neighbors. Ultimately, in the third part, the opinion aggregation is proposed to gather the existing opinions and present it as the valuable information to the customers regarding each product of the online shopping website. To this end, the weighted averaging operator and fuzzy techniques are used. The thesis presents a consensus opinion model in signed and unsigned networks. This solution can be applied to any group who needs to find a plenary opinion among the opinions of its members. Consequently, the proposed model in the thesis provides an accurate and appropriate rate for each product of the online shopping websites that gives precious information to their customers and helps them to have a better insight regarding the products.

When performing fingerprinting attacks against websites in a controlled environment astudy may achieve very promising results. However, these can be misleading as the closedworld setting may not accurately represent the real-world. This is a problem many priorworks have been critiqued for, the inability to transfer their results from the closed-worldsetting to the real-world. Being able to do so is of great importance to establish what thereal-world consequences would be of fingerprint attacks. If unable to apply one’s findingsoutside of a tightly controlled environment it is difficult to gauge if these attacks types posea real threat or not. Thereby, this thesis has, contrary to previous work, based its settingon a real-world scenario to provide tangible insights into vulnerabilities of news websites.Furthermore, it targeted internal pages of websites, something understudied by previousliterature. All of this while presenting a novel classifier that is lightweight and requireslittle training, and a framework for automatically collecting and labelling encrypted TCPtraffic without the use of a proxy.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine how six different art museums are working on digitizing their collections, and how they are made available to the public. To answer the purpose, three research questions were formulated; how the museums work with digitization, what is digitized and which programs and guidelines are used, and how the digitized material is made available to the public on the websites. The museums examined in this thesis are Nationalmuseum in Stockholm, the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D.C., Moderna Museet in Stockholm, the National Palace Museum Taiwan in Taipei and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. Prior to the study, previous research on digital humanities, digitization in museums, and the role of museums and their approach to digital collections, were studied. The theoretical framework used in the analysis consists of theories regarding “New media” and digital humanities, theories about “The museum process” and Actor-network theory, ANT. The method used is qualitative content analysis and semiotic image analysis of the museum websites. The results and analysis show that the museum websites differ in terms of design, functions, user-friendliness and collection content. In addition, the museums use different guidelines and software programs in the digitization process of their collections, although there is some overlap. The analysis shows that the Rijksmuseum, the Smithsonian and the National Palace Museum Taiwan are the museums in the study that have made the most progress with digitizing their collections and using interactive elements on their websites. The museum with the least developed digitization work is Moderna Museet, whose search page is the simplest and most standardized in comparison with the other museum websites.

The Internet is rapidly growing in complexity, with increasing negative environmental and social impact. While heating and lighting are tangible examples of energy consumption, internet usage is not perceived as such. Therefore, it opens up opportunities for new, energy-efficient, slower, resource-saving and mindful protocols for the Internet to emerge. I propose Glow OS, an operating system that enables individuals and communities to align their online activities with intermittent solar energy. This system aims to accelerate the transition to a fossil-free internet by promoting solar literacy in the spirit of joy.