Submitted by Gabriela Lopes (gmachadolopesufpel@gmail.com) on 2018-07-27T22:41:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Bruno Artur Rockenbach.pdf: 1815332 bytes, checksum: 0c06594d0e21c8ebc0c60dcb4a91b528 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2018-07-31T19:10:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Bruno Artur Rockenbach.pdf: 1815332 bytes, checksum: 0c06594d0e21c8ebc0c60dcb4a91b528 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-31T19:10:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Bruno Artur Rockenbach.pdf: 1815332 bytes, checksum: 0c06594d0e21c8ebc0c60dcb4a91b528 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / O arroz é um dos principais cereais produzidos e consumidos no Brasil e no mundo. A maior parcela do grão cultivado pertence ao arroz de pericarpo marrom, porém nos últimos anos tem crescido a procura dos consumidores a grãos que apresentem o pericarpo pigmentado devido principalmente aos benefícios proporcionados pelos mesmos a saúde. O arroz é colhido com umidade elevada sendo a secagem uma etapa fundamental para a manutenção da qualidade e do valor nutritivo do produto. Objetivou-se, no primeiro estudo, avaliar os efeitos imediatos e latentes provocados pelo tempo de espera para a secagem (imediata, 3 e 6 dias), bem como a temperatura de acondicionamento do material durante o período de espera (15° e 25°C) sobre os principais indicadores da qualidade do produto armazenado durante 12 meses. Os resultados deste primeiro estudo, mostram que o perfil colorimétrico dos grãos sofre alterações significativas como consequência das variações provocadas pelo tempo de espera para a secagem em compostos fenólicos e proantocianidinas. As propriedades químicas, físicas, industriais e de cocção dos grãos também são alteradas negativamente em função do tempo de espera, porém o arrefecimento da massa atenua os seus efeitos. Um segundo estudo teve por objetivo avaliar os efeitos imediatos e latentes da temperatura (40°, 60°, 80° e 100°C) empregada na secagem, realizada em secador de leito-fixo, bem como avaliar os efeitos da secagem natural, ao sol e, da secagem intermitente em escala industrial, sobre os principais parâmetros de avaliação da qualidade desses grãos durante 12 meses de armazenamento. Os resultados obtidos no segundo estudo indicam que a utilização de altas temperaturas na secagem provocam distúrbios fisiológicos e causam alterações negativas nos parâmetros químicos, físicos, industriais e de cocção dos grãos. Os compostos bioativos são afetados negativamente nos grãos submetidos a secagem na temperatura de 100°C. A utilização de temperaturas iguais ou inferiores a 60°C melhor preservaram o valor nutritivo e as qualidades industriais e de cocção dos grãos. / Rice is one of the main cereals produced and consumed in Brazil and the world. Most of the grain grown belongs to the brown pericarp rice, but in the last years the demand of the consumers has been increased to the grains that present the pigmented pericarp due mainly to the health benefits provided by them. The rice is harvested with high humidity and drying is a key step in maintaining the quality and nutritional value of the product. The objective of this study was to evaluate the immediate and latent effects caused by the waiting time for drying (immediate, 3 and 6 days), as well as the material storage temperature during the waiting period (15 ° and 25 ° C) on the main indicators of product quality stored for 12 months. The results of this first study show that the colorimetric profile of the grains undergoes significant changes as a consequence of the variations caused by the waiting time for drying in phenolic compounds and proanthocyanidins. The chemical, physical, industrial and cooking properties of the grains are also negatively altered due to the waiting time, but the cooling of the mass attenuates its effects. A second study aimed at evaluating the immediate and latent effects of temperature (40 °, 60 °, 80 ° and 100 ° C) used in drying in a bed-fixed dryer, as well as to evaluate the effects of natural drying, sun and intermittent drying on an industrial scale on the main parameters of evaluation of the quality of these grains during 12 months of storage. The results obtained in the second study indicate that the use of high temperatures in drying causes physiological disturbances and causes negative changes in the chemical, physical, industrial and cooking parameters of the grains. The bioactive compounds are adversely affected in the beans subjected to drying at a temperature of 100 ° C. The use of temperatures equal to or less than 60 ° C better preserved the nutritional value and the industrial and cooking qualities of the grains.

Consumers in the UK are spending about three days of waiting in queues every year. The majority of the French consumers would choose another business if it offered faster service. Research on current waiting times are therefore focusing on finding solutions to reduce consumers wait by reducing perceived waiting time and the dissatisfaction that arises with queues. The purpose of this study is to find out how to make the queues at the theme parks more fun with interactive digital technologies and the impact these have on the guest experience. A survey is carried out to find out how mobile usage looks at amusement parks today and how the respondents place themselves against the integration of interactive digital technologies in amusement parks. Even an interview, with the leader of the world's first synchronized queue entertainment the Helix game, is implemented. Theories show that one can reduce the perceived waiting time by introducing new environmental stimuli and fill the time with various activities that visitors can be consumed by. Thus increases the guest experience and the queues are less boring and time-consuming. One way of doing this is to incorporate mobile digital interactive techniques, which respondents would like to see more of. / Konsumenter i Storbritannien spenderar ungefär tre dagar på att vänta i köer per år. Majoriteten av de franska konsumenterna skulle välja en annan affär om den erbjöd en snabbare service. Forskning gällande väntetider fokuserar därför på att hitta lösningar för att minska konsumenternas väntan genom att reducera uppfattad väntetid och på så sätt minska missnöjet som uppstår med köer. Studiens syfte är att ta reda på hur man kan göra köerna på nöjesfält roligare med hjälp av interaktiva digitala tekniker och vilka effekter dessa har på gästupplevelsen. En enkät har genomförts för att ta reda på hur mobilanvändandet ser ut på nöjesfält idag samt hur respondenter ställer sig mot integreringen av interaktiva digitala tekniker på nöjesfält.  Även en intervju med projektledaren för världens första synkroniserade kö-underhållning, Helix-spelet, genomförs. Teorier visar på att man kan minska de uppfattade väntetiderna genom att introducera nya miljöstimulanser samt fylla tiden med olika aktiviteter som besökarna kan uppslukas av. Då ökar man gästupplevelsen samt gör köerna roligare. Ett sätt att göra detta på är att integrera mobila digitala interaktiva tekniker vilket respondenterna vill se mer av.

Production parallel systems are space-shared and employ batch queues in which the jobs submitted to the systems are made to wait before execution. Thus, jobs submitted to parallel batch systems incur queue waiting times in addition to the execution times. Prediction of these queue waiting times is important to provide overall estimates to the users and can also help meta-schedulers make scheduling decisions. In the first part of our research, we have developed an integrated framework PQStar for identification and prediction of jobs with short queue waiting times. Analyses of the job traces of supercomputers reveal that about 56 to 99% of the jobs incur queue waiting times of less than an hour. Hence, identifying these quick starters or jobs with short queue waiting times is Essential for overall improvement on queue waiting time predictions. An important aspect of our prediction strategy for quick starters is that it considers the processor occupancy state and the queue state at the time of the job submission in addition to the job characteristics including the requested number of processors and the estimated runtime. Our experiments with different Production supercomputer job traces show that our prediction strategies can lead to correct identification of about 20% more quick starters on an average and provide tighter bounds for these jobs, and result in about 24% higher overall prediction accuracy on an average than the next best existing method. We have also developed a framework for predicting ranges of queue waiting times for other classes of jobs by employing multi-class classification on similar jobs in history. Our hierarchical prediction strategy first predicts the point wait time of a job using dynamic k- Nearest Neighbor (kNN) method. It then performs a multi-class classification using Support Vector Machines (SVMs) among all the classes of the jobs. The probabilities given by the SVM for the predicted class (obtained from the kNN), along with its neighboring classes, are used to provide a set of ranges of wait times with probabilities. Our experiments with different production supercomputer job traces show that our prediction strategies can lead to about 8% improved accuracy on an average in prediction of the non-quick starters, compared to the next best existing method. Finally, we have used these predictions and probabilities in a meta-scheduling strategy that distributes jobs to different queues/sites in a multi-queue/grid environment for minimizing wait times of the jobs. For a given target job, we first identify the queues/sites where the job can be a quick starter to get a set of candidate queues/sites for the scheduling of the job. We then compute the expected value of the predicted wait time in each of the candidate queues/sites, and schedule the job to the one with minimum expected value, for the execution of the job. We have performed experiments with different production supercomputer job traces and synthetic traces for various system sizes, partitioning schemes and different workloads. These experiments have shown that our scheduling strategy gives much improved performance when compared to the existing scheduling policies by reducing the overall average queue waiting times of the jobs by about 47% on an average.

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Syftet med denna studie har varit att sammanställa tillgänglig fakta rörande patientens uppfattning, åsikt och intryck av vården med speciellt fokus på tillgänglighet, upplevt bemötande samt kvalité, genom att undersöka ”drop-in” verksamhet på en röntgenavdelning. En enkätundersökning, med en kvalitativ ansats har använts för denna studie. Enkäten erbjöds alla ”drop-in” patienter över 18 år, under en period i mars, 2006. Uppfattningen, åsikt och intryck av mötet med ”drop-in” verksamheten har analyserats hos 90 individer. Den genomgående positiv uppfattning är att kvalité, och upplevelse av ”påskyndat tillfrisknande” är en effekt av den ökade upplevda tillgängligheten, trots att återbesök till remittenten oftast inte förekom. Undersökningen påvisar hur väsentligt det är för individen att bli sedd och detta tillsammans med ökad tillgänglighet ger en uppfattning om snabbare tillfrisknande. Patienterna uppfattar i denna studie att den ökade tillgänglighet som ”drop-in” erbjuder, drastiskt förbättrar patient upplevelsen av respekt och dämpar oro samt skapar en ”goodwill” hos patientgruppen samt kan stärka ”egenvården”. Nyckelord: enkät, intryck, patienttillfredsställelse, patientupplevelse, röntgen, tillgänglighet, uppfattning, väntetid, åsikt. / Abstract: The purpose of this study was to compile available facts concerning patients´ perception, opinion and impression of the medical care, especially focusing the availability and the quality of a “drop-in” reception at a radiological department. A self-administered questionnaire with qualitative approach i.e. open-ended questions was used for this study. The questionnaire was offered to all drop-in patients over the age of 18, during a period in March, 2006. Gender, age group and number of visits were used as variables. The findings from this study are based on 90 subjects’ perceptions, opinion, and impression of the drop-in reception. The improved availability of the drop-in reception resulted in the overall perception of quality and a more speedy recovery, despite the fact that a new appointment with the referring doctor most often not was given. This study shows the importance of acknowledging the individual patient as their perception were that the increased availability “drop-in” can supply, drastically improved their perception of the respect shown towards them. By reducing their anxiety i.e. not needing to wait for their investigation, showed to create goodwill. Thus, this kind of perceptions may well strengthen the patients’ ability to self-care. Keywords: access, impression, opinion, patient satisfaction, patients´ conception, perception, questionnaire, radiology waiting time.

Wartezeiten von durchschnittlich mehreren Monaten sind auch nach Inkrafttreten des Psychotherapeutengesetzes in der deutschen Psychotherapieversorgung die Regel. Behandlungsbedürftige Störungen, für die ein Behandlungswunsch besteht, unversorgt zu lassen, ist weder unter ethischen, noch praktischen und therapeutischen Gesichtspunkten vertretbar. Aus diesem Grund schlagen viele Praktiker ihren wartenden Patienten niedrigschwellige Selbsthilfeangebote vor, die von psychoedukativen Informationen über Bibliotherapie bis zu Gruppenangeboten reichen. Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt einen Überblick über verschiedene Möglichkeiten, wartende Psychotherapiepatienten gut auf die bevorstehende Therapie vorzubereiten und während der Wartezeit zugleich sekundäre Prävention zu betreiben. Hierbei muss nach unserer Einschätzung vor allem die Maxime gelten, dass die vorgeschlagenen Maßnahmen mit dem Rational der darauf folgenden Therapie vereinbar sein sollten. / Even after the new psychotherapy law has been implemented, waiting times of several months remain rather common in the German mental health care system. For ethical, practical, and therapeutic reasons, however, patients who are in serious need of treatment should not be left unattended. Many practitioners therefore suggest self-help treatments such as psychoeducational information, bibliotherapy, or supportive groups to their waiting patients. The present study provides an overview on possibilities of preparing waiting psychotherapy patients for their upcoming therapy as well as implementing secondary prevention during the waiting time. As a basic, we suggest that the proposed methods should be in line with the treatment rationale of the subsequent therapy. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

Patient:innen in der Notaufnahme verbringen oft lange Zeit im Warteraum. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird in dieser Arbeit eine Untersuchung durchgeführt, um die Umgebung im Warteraum zu verbessern. Damit kann die Erfahrung von Patient:innen im Krankenhaus verbessert und die Zufriedenheit von Patient:innen während der Wartezeit erhöht werden. Um herauszufinden welche Gestaltungselemente im Wartebereich genutzt werden, wurde im Rahmen dieser Forschungsarbeit die Methode des Interviews und der Umfrage genutzt. Die Gestaltungselemente wurden anschließend mit einer Literaturrecherche und einer Beispielsammlung auf ihre Einsatzmöglichkeiten überprüft, um zu zeigen, welche Aspekte des Entwurfes in die Praxis umgesetzt werden können und was die Menschen brauchen, während sie warten. Anhand der durchgeführten Interviews wurden folgende Gestaltungselemente herausgefunden: Grünpflanzen im Wartebereich, Ausblick nach Außen und die Größe des Raumes, Farbgestaltung und Beleuchtung, Angebote der Ablenkung, sowie Privatsphäre im öffentlichen Bereich. Diese wurden mit Literatur und Beispielen überprüft. Ziel der Forschungsarbeit war es, Ideen für die Optimierung von Wartebereichen in Notaufnahmen zu sammeln.

Notaufnahmen und Rettungsdienste bilden ein in sich geschlossenes System. Die Schnittstelle beeinflusst maßgeblich den Arbeitsverlauf des Rettungsdienstes. Außerdem führen die steigenden Patientenzahlen zur Überlastung von Notaufnahmen, wodurch auch Rettungsdienste in ihrer Funktionalität eingeschränkt werden. Bei überlasteten Notaufnahmen kommt es zu einer verzögerten Behandlung aller Patient:innen, auch derer, die durch den Rettungsdienst angeliefert wurden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird analysiert, inwiefern die Architektur das Problem einer überlasteten Notaufnahme beeinflusst. Dazu wurde ein Fragebogen erstellt, welcher online vom medizinischen Personal ausgefüllt wurde. Die Ergebnisse aus dem Fragebogen zeigen, dass Patient:innen und Rettungsdienstpersonal mehrmals täglich zwischen 5 bis 30 Minuten warten müssen, bis die Übergabe zum Notaufnahmepersonal stattfindet. Dies geschieht meistens in einem nicht zum Warten vorgesehenen Flur, welcher von Patient:innen und Personal als schlecht gestalteter Raum betrachtet wird. Spezielle Räumlichkeiten für das überwachte Warten und die Übergabe von Rettungsdienstpatient:innen verbessern die Wartezeit für Patient:innen und Personal.

A challenge in today's society is to handle a large amount of vehicles traversing an intersection. Traffic lights are often used to control the traffic flow in these intersections. However, there are inefficiencies since the algorithms used to control the traffic lights do not perfectly adapt to the traffic situation. The purpose of this paper is to compare three different types of algorithms used in traffic control systems to find out how to minimize vehicle waiting times. A pretimed, a deterministic and a reinforcement learning algorithm were compared with each other. Test were conducted on a four-way intersection with various traffic demands using the program Simulation of Urban MObility (SUMO). The results showed that the deterministic algorithm performed best for all demands tested. The reinforcement learning algorithm performed better than the pretimed for low demands, but worse for varied and higher demands. The reasons behind these results are the deterministic algorithm's knowledge about vehicular movement and the negative effects the curse of dimensionality has on the training of the reinforcement learning algorithm. However, more research must be conducted to ensure that the results obtained are trustworthy in similar and different traffic situations. / En utmaning i dagens samhälle är att hantera en stor mängd fordon som kör igenom en korsning. Trafikljus används ofta för att kontrollera trafikflödena genom dessa korsningar. Det finns däremot ineffektiviteter eftersom algoritmerna som används för att kontrollera trafikljusen inte är perfekt anpassade till trafiksituationen. Syftet med denna rapport är att jämföra tre typer av algoritmer som används i trafiksystem för att undersöka hur väntetid för fordon kan minimeras. En tidsbaserad, en deterministisk och en förstärkande inlärning-algoritm jämfördes med varandra. Testerna utfördes på en fyrvägskorsning med olika trafikintensiteter med hjälp av programmet Simulation of Urban MObility (SUMO). Resultaten visade att den deterministiska algoritmen presterade bäst för alla olika trafikintensiteter. Inlärningsalgoritmen presterade bättre än den tidsbaserade på låga intensiteter, men sämre på varierande och högre intensiteter. Anledningarna bakom resultaten är att den deterministiska algoritmen har kunskap om hur fordon rör sig samt att dimensionalitetsproblem påverkar träningen av inlärningsalgoritmen negativt. Det krävs däremot mer forskning för att säkerställa att resultaten är pålitliga i liknande och annorlunda trafiksituationer.

This master's thesis investigates the impact of unbalanced variability on lead time using a simulation-based optimization approach. Based on the hypothesis, variation of service time has a strong effect on lead time. It has also been hypothesized that placing the high variable station, in terms of CVp, at the end of the line will increase lead time. To evaluate these hypotheses, Fact Analyzer Simulation Software version beta7 was used to simulate and optimize two different models. First, the effect of an imbalanced line in terms of service time on total lead time in a simple production line hypothetical model was investigated. In the second part of this master thesis, a real health care model was adopted from Frandsen and Engqvist’s project at Skaraborg Hospital (SkaS). By optimizing this model, using NSGA_II Algorithms, the effect of variance and mean of service time on lead time variance and mean were evaluated and compared. As a result of both the hypothetical and health care models, the total lead time will not decrease by reducing the variance of service time, indicating that the hypothesis should be rejected.    Keywords: service time, CVp, lead time, imbalanced, variability, mean lead time, variance lead time, waiting time, variability