Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-13T14:10:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VicenteMartinMastrocola.pdf: 4291509 bytes, checksum: e25e3162388b08ca0a21cd2a0e9bd489 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-22 / This project delimitates the concept of transmedia storytelling: a kind of narrative which develops into multiple mediatic platforms, such as internet, books, videogames, comics, television, cinema etc., examining the use of strategy in the entertainment industry and understanding how the consume and communication strategies materialize in this scenario. The object of this project is: to examine the strategic appropriation of transmediatic narratives in the industry of entertainment; to study the systematic use of multiple platforms on the biggest mediatic series worldwide, using an established example in the industry of entertainment: the Star Wars fiction series. Finally, we will investigate the participation of a digital social network in the consolidation of the success of this series through user-generated (interactor) content and distribution. It is used in this project a multimethodological approach wherein will be highlighted a netnographic character observation, following interactors among diverse social networks and digital platforms where they are found. / Neste projeto, procura-se examinar as narrativas transmidiáticas: um tipo de narrativa que se desdobra em múltiplas plataformas midiáticas, como internet, livros, videogames, quadrinhos, televisão, cinema etc., analisando sua utilização estratégica na indústria de entretenimento e visando compreender como se materializam as estratégias de comunicação e consumo nesse cenário. Pretende-se, com este trabalho: cartografar a apropriação estratégica de narrativas transmidiáticas na indústria do entretenimento; estudar a utilização sistemática de múltiplas plataformas nas grandes séries midiáticas de âmbito global, servindo-se de um exemplo consagrado da indústria do entretenimento: a ficção seriada Star Wars. Por fim, investiga-se a participação de uma rede social digital na consolidação do sucesso desta série por meio da distribuição e geração de conteúdo do usuário (interator). Utiliza-se neste projeto uma abordagem multimetodológica em que se destaca uma observação de caráter netnográfico na internet acompanhando os interatores nas diversas redes sociais e plataformas digitais onde se encontram.

Starkt historiskt och kulturellt rotade normer kan vara problematiska eftersom personer som avviker från dem riskerar att bli utsatta för hat. Mom-shaming är ett begrepp som beskriver fenomenet när kvinnor får kritik för sitt sätt att vara i sin roll som mamma. En mamma som har blivit utsatt för mom- shaming är influencern Ida Warg. Syftet med studien är att genom ett genusperspektiv, kvalitativt och semiotiskt analysera influencern Ida Wargs bildkommunikation på Instagram för att se om hon framställer sin roll som mamma på ett normativt sätt. Genom att redogöra för vad bilden vill göra med betraktaren – påverka och engagera, eller erbjuda – fastställs vilken betydelse genus har för skapandet av mammarollen. Tio utvalda bilder analyseras utifrån sju kategorier som är kopplade till kvinnans roll som mamma: Moderskap, Omsorg och uppfostran, Traditionell kärnfamilj, Betalt arbete, Fritid, Miljö, samt Skönhet. Resultatet visar att historiska normer kopplade till mammarollen är ett faktum även i dagens samhälle. Ida Warg bekräftar flera förlegade normer i sin bildkommunikation samtidigt som hon diskret utmanar andra. Studien redovisar att normer är underliggande strukturer som påverkar vårt samhälle. Genom att problematisera mom-shaming belyses därmed vikten av medvetandegörandet och ifrågasättandet av normer. Avslutningsvis diskuteras hur sociala mediers makt kan både vara orsak till och lösning på problemet med mom-shaming. Lösningen kan förslagsvis ske genom uppmaning av användandet av hashtaggen #stopmomshaming. / Historically and culturally norms are socially acceptable and can be problematic for people who behave in nonconformity with them because of risk of garner hatred. Mom-shaming is a term that describes the phenomenon when women get criticism and hatred for their act in their role of mother. A woman whom has been subject to this shaming, is mother and influencer Ida Warg. With the purpose of studying norms associated with female role as mother, this paper analyzes the visual design and composition of ten photographs posted by Ida Warg to her Instagram. Theories of gender and semiotics are used as frameworks, for qualitatively study if Ida Warg mediates her role as a mother normatively on her Instagram. The photographs are analyzed according to seven categories associated with mothering: Motherhood, Care and raise of child, Traditional nuclear family, Paid work, Leisure time, Entourage and Beauty. Considering the female role as mother, the result shows that historically rooted norms are still a fact. This paper argues for Ida Warg both certifying and challenging the social norms associated with mothering. Finally, this paper discusses how obsolete norm associated with the female role as mother, as a result of cyberhate such as mom-shaming, lingers and prevents gender equality. Henceforth, this paper also discusses the power of social media, being both reason why and solution to mom-shaming. One solution may be the exhortation of the hashtag #stopmomshaming.

A demonstration robot for conferences and fairs has been built from scratch. The demonstration robot is meant to create lasting impressions at the company booth at conferences or fairs. Thus, the robot needs traits that attract people to the booth and makes sure they remember that company. In this project, traits such as being able to move, do facial expressions and play audio have been developed. The robot has also been designed to draw as much attention as possible to the booth. This was achieved by building a robot that consists of a rolling sphere with a head that always remains on top. All movements are carried out from inside the sphere by four different motors. One motor moves the robot back and forth, two motors spin a flywheel to turn the robot and the last motor rotates the head. These motors are mounted at different places on an internal structure. The internal structure is connected to the sphere at two points, one on each side of the robot. At the top of the internal structure, magnets are placed. Thus, it can attach the head at the outside of the sphere by mounting magnets in the head. All movements of the robots are controlled by a hand controller, which has been made in this project. The head has a built-in display simulating two eyes. The display is driven by a Raspberry Pi. An internal speaker is built-in inside the head, connected to the Raspberry Pi. Each simulated eye consists of 64 squares that can be programmed to be in different colours, thus making it possible to express a wide range of facial expressions.Two PCBs were designed and manufactured to control the robot. One was placed inside the robot, and the other inside the hand controller. The PCBs can communicate over Bluetooth, which makes it possible to control the robot from the outside.All parts of the robot have been designed in a CAD program and subsequently 3D printed. 3D design in CAD was learned from a novice level, since there was no previous knowledge of this in the project group.In addition, a registration form has been developed that allows visitors to register at the booth. Making it easier for the company to connect with visitors after the conference or fair. The registration form is connected with the Raspberry Pi in the head of the robot via Wi-Fi. Thus, when new registrations occur, the robot can print the names of them while audio is played.

Notre travail a pour objectif principal de circonscrire avec netteté le concept de guerre préventive: l’histoire de sa constitution comme discours spécifique ; les différentes tentatives d’en offrir une définition précise et effective ; et ses effets sur l’ensemble de la théorie de la guerre juste et du droit international. Nous tenterons d’en donner une vue synthétique, tout en rapprochant éventuellement des éléments appartenant à des domaines non purement philosophiques. Il en résultera une histoire des concepts, des pratiques et des institutions liées à la guerre préventive.Avec la pensée de Thucydide comme point de départ historique et méthodologique, notre recherche vise à repérer des principes permanents régissant la pratique de la guerre préventive. D’un côté, nous relèverons les occurrences de ce concept dans le corpus de la philosophie politique, ce qui justifie le choix des auteurs et des textes ici retenus, de Thucydide et Cicéron à Fichte, Clausewitz, Hegel, ou Thomas Schelling, en passant par saint Augustin, saint Thomas, Vitoria, Bodin, Gentili, Grotius, Pufendorf ou Vattel. Nous montrerons en particulier pourquoi ce concept est inséparable des querelles du machiavélisme et de l’antimachiavélisme, en consacrant un chapitre à des auteurs tels que Machiavel, Francis Bacon, Gentillet, Frédéric II, Richelieu, Naudé et Botero.D’un autre côté, nous analyserons l’histoire des guerres préventives à la recherche d’une logique interne identifiable dans la plupart des conflagrations majeures de l’histoire. Ce fil directeur de la logique préventive nous amènera alors à réexaminer la théorie de la guerre juste, et des notions telles que l’impérialisme ou l’agression. / This thesis intends to analyze the concept of preventive war from the standpoint of political philosophy: the history of its constitution as a specific discourse; the attempts to find a precise and effective definition of it; its effects on the tradition of the just war theory. This research employs a synthetic methodology, analyzing as well texts and historical artefacts that are non-philosophical. The result will be a history of the concepts, practices and institutions related to preventive war.With the work of Thucydides as methodological and historical point of departure, our research tries to determine the permanent principles ruling the justification of preventive war. First, we will determine the occurrences of this concept in the corpus of political philosophy, a method that explains the array of authors this thesis surveys, from Thucydides and Cicero to Fichte, Clausewitz, Hegel, or Thomas Schelling, including Saint Augustine, Saint Thomas, Vitoria and the School of Salamanca, Bodin, Gentili, Grotius, Pufendorf and Vattel. We will focus particularly on the way this concept is inseparable of the dialectic between Machiavellism and Antimachiavellism, analyzing authors such as Machiavelli, Francis Bacon, Gentillet, Frederick II of Prussia, Richelieu, Naudé and Botero.Besides, we will analyze the history of preventive war searching for an internal logic at work in the majority of the great conflagrations of the past. The existence of such a preventive logic will lead us to re-evaluate traditional just war theory, imperialism and aggression.

Film music has its roots in late-romantic concert music. A number of composers of so-called “serious music” also composed for the film. And some Golden Age film composers came from the concert-music realm and, once they started their association with Hollywood, continued to pen works for the concert stage too. Film music had to struggle for a long time against the prejudice that saw it as music not to be taken seriously; it was regarded as “neglected art”. Nevertheless, film-music concerts have experienced a blossoming in the recent years. There is a large variety, from programmes that only perform film music in concert halls without any additional element to large-scale events in multi-purpose halls where film music is accompanied by film clips or provides the live accompaniment to entire films. This chapter examines the role of John Williams’s film scores in this context. Are there any special features of Williams’s film music that make it particularly suitable to the concert hall? How does the performance practice of his film music differ in comparison to classical concerts? Are there any pieces that are played more frequently than others, and if so, why?

The aim of the thesis is to identify those German citizens, who were fighting in the Yugoslav wars, determine their background, actions on the ground and post-war trajectories, as well as suggest probable motivations for joining the combat in the way they did. The thesis raises the question, how these German war volunteers can be best described and if they are somehow specific within their subgroup of predominantly Western anti-Yugoslav foreign fighters. I argue that Nir Arielli, one of the few scholars dealing with the role of Westerners in the conflict, falls short by qualifying them merely as "meaning seekers" and thus overlooks the multitude of political connections and references, first and foremost among the Germans. I will offer a critique by pointing out differences and nuances, especially in origin- based motives, ideological underpinning and perspectives on the conflict. In doing so, I will raise the question of what we do know about the political situation in both Germany and Croatia in the early 1990s, and how each of that might that have facilitated decisions to join combat abroad. In addition, I will classify their appearance both within the well-known theory of "new wars" as well as within the phenomenon of foreign war volunteering, arguing that there is not much reason why this group should...

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The sailors in the British Navy during the Napoleonic Wars are largely unknown to us. This thesis explores their worldview, as revealed through songs, memoirs, plays and broadsides. Through interactions with women and working-class men on shore and officers at sea, these men developed a collective identity rooted in working class masculinity. Ultimately, this thesis refutes the idea that sailors occupied a world completely removed from land and were, rather, actively influenced by ideologies and culture on shore.

This study examines in depth the most common interpretation of the opening of the Third Seminole War (1855-1858). The interpretation in question was authored almost thirty years after the beginning of the war, and it alleges that the destruction of a Seminole banana plant garden by United States soldiers was the direct cause of the conflict. This study analyzes the available primary records as well as traces the entire historiography of the Third Seminole War in order to ascertain how and why the banana garden account has had such an impactful and long-lasting effect. Based on available evidence, it is clear that the lack of fully contextualized primary records, combined with the failure of historians to deviate from or challenge previous scholarship, has led to a persistent reliance on the banana garden interpretation that continues to the present. Despite the highly questionable and problematic nature of this account, it has dominated the historiography on the topic and is found is almost every written source that addresses the beginning of the Third Seminole War. This thesis refutes the validity of the banana garden interpretation, and in addition, provides alternative explanations for the Florida Seminoles' decision to wage war against the United States during the 1850s.

Finding something sacred in secular society is a relatively new field of religious studies. This thesis aims to find the secular sacred amongst Star Wars fans on the blogging platform Tumblr, in relation to Kim Knott and her theory of the secular sacred. I collected and studied 100 blog posts about Star Wars, specifically about one of its main characters, Rey. The research questions used were “How do fans of Star Wars and Rey express themselves on Tumblr?”, and “Could it be seen as sacred according to Kim Knott´s theory of secular sacred?” I analyzed the material with a hermeneutic approach, and using Kim Knott’s theory, I categorized the posts in to three categories: sacred, appreciative and sacrilegious. Even though the appreciative category was by far the largest, the results showed that a fifth of all the blog posts could be perceived as having content that could be seen as sacred to its poster. I came to the conclusion that my study supports the theory of sacredness not being exclusive to religious society, but can be found in the secular as well.

This thesis consists of four chapters on economic performance and social conflicts in Chinese history. The first chapter examines the impact of a major tax reform on protests in the eighteenth century in China. The de jure effect of this reform was to increase the tax burden on the gentry and decrease the tax burden on commoners, yet the de facto effect is under debate. I combine multiple databases into an annual panel dataset from 1700 to 1750 and use detailed information on protest to identify income shocks and tax incidence. The regression results after controlling for provincial fixed effects and national shocks show that the tax reform increased local protests by 0.3 incidents per year, which equals to half a standard deviation before the reform started. Further examination suggests that the de facto effects of the reform hurt commoners rather than the gentry. First, it increased protests by commoners but had no effects on protests by the gentry. Second, provinces with more gentry landlords also had larger increases in the frequency of protests. These results support that the gentry managed to pass the increased tax burdens on to the commoners. This analysis provides quantitative evidence that links social standing and tax burdens in pre-modern society. The second chapter studies the effect of income shocks on different types of conflicts. I consider two types of conflicts: protests, such as grain crises, that requested actions by the government, and revolutionary activities that aimed to overthrow the central government. From 1902 to 1911, China experienced both types of conflicts. I use a detailed record of local conflicts to identify the causes and leaders of each conflict. Combining this information with exogenous price shocks from the international agricultural market, I find that negative income shocks coming from drops in the export price of tea and the increases in the import price of cotton tended to increase the overall frequency of conflicts in general and protests that requested actions from the government. However, the same negative income shocks sometimes reduced revolutionary activities, which was probably caused by the shortage of resources in organizing these activities. These finding suggest an ``income effect'' on conflicts, probably due to the resources needed to organize the activities. The third chapter examines the impact of civil wars on the local economy using newly documented information about civil wars across regions in early-twentieth century China. During this period, China was de facto divided into several regions. Each region was controlled by different warlords or political groups. Warlords fought with each other for a larger territory. I first quantitatively document the scale, timing, and location of these civil wars. Around sixty violent civil wars took place from 1911 to 1934 and 25% of the Chinese counties in my sample were involved in at least one battle. I then examine the impact of civil wars on local economic activities. I find that civil wars overall caused a small negative impact on international trade flows and a 12.1% drop in rural land values. When the results are separated into wars by political groups, the wars involving weak political groups led to 1.7% to 3.8% drop in international trade flows, while the ones by strong political groups had small positive impact on trade flows. Similarly, wars conducted by the powerful incumbent had no negative impact on land values, while the ones between the KMT and the CCP led to a 30% drop in land values. Combined with narrative evidence, the results suggest that incumbent or political groups might have protect trade or reduced harm to the local economy if they relied on tariff or land taxes to finance themselves. The fourth chapter examines the impact of World War I on the Chinese economy. The war largely increased the freight rates in international trade and decreased China's imports of manufactured products from the European countries. I combine data from multiple sources to quantify the development of China's industrial sector and changes in agricultural input prices during and after the war. The firm-level information from the textile industries shows that the textile firms expanded during the war, and the trend continued even after. Using John Buck's survey on land values and labor wages across China, I find that the growing industrial sector also raised agricultural input prices by increasing demand for raw cotton and rural laborers. However, the benefits were small and the impact was clustered around the ports.