O processo de envelhecimento acarreta um declínio no equilíbrio postural, na força muscular e no condicionamento cardiorrespiratório, influenciando diretamente a capacidade funcional do idoso. No entanto, a prática sistemática de atividade física pode reduzir esses efeitos deletérios. Os exercícios realizados em meio aquático, como a hidroginástica, são adequados e seguros para essa população, devido ao reduzido impacto sobre os membros inferiores e à diminuição da sobrecarga cardiovascular. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar e comparar os efeitos de três métodos de treinamento de hidroginástica no equilíbrio corporal e na aptidão física de idosos. A amostra foi composta por 44 mulheres saudáveis, com idades entre 60 e 75 anos, sedentárias há no mínimo seis meses, as quais foram divididas aleatoriamente em três grupos: Equilíbrio (GE; n=17; 66 ± 3,68 anos), Força (GF; n=13; 65,3 ± 3,68 anos) e Aeróbico (GA; n=14; 63,7 ± 4,09 anos). Os grupos realizaram o treinamento durante 12 semanas, com duas sessões semanais de 45min, e um período controle de quatro semanas. Foram mensuradas variáveis de equilíbrio corporal, neuromusculares, cardiorrespiratórias e funcionais antes e após esses períodos. Para análise estatística utilizou-se o teste T pareado para a comparação dos dados no período controle e a Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) para a comparação entre os momentos e entre os grupos Adotou-se um nível de significância de α=0,05 e os dados foram rodados no SPSS 20.0. Após o treinamento, todos os grupos apresentaram melhora no equilíbrio estático (p<0,05), constatada pela redução da amplitude máxima de deslocamento do centro de pressão plantar nas direções ântero-posterior (COPap) e médio-lateral (COPml), durante os apoios bilateral (olhos abertos e olhos fechados) e unilateral, e da velocidade média do COPap na situação bilateral com olhos fechados. Além disso, houve incremento no equilíbrio dinâmico, avaliado através do teste de Marcha Tandem, após as três intervenções (p<0,001). Em todas as variáveis supracitadas, não se verificou diferença significativa entre os grupos, sendo esse um dos principais achados do presente estudo. Em relação às variáveis neuromusculares, houve aumento significativo na força dinâmica máxima, mensurada através do teste de uma repetição máxima dos extensores do joelho (1RM), sem diferença entre os grupos (p>0,05). Porém, ao analisar estatisticamente os percentuais de incremento do 1RM (Δ%), observaram-se valores significativamente maiores no GF comparado ao GE (31,51 ± 3,44 vs 14,85 ± 2,26%). Nas avaliações cardiorrespiratórias, observou-se incremento significativo no consumo de oxigênio no segundo limiar ventilatório (VO2LV2) e de pico (VO2pico) somente em GA e GE, sem diferença entre os grupos, enquanto a frequência cardíaca no segundo limiar ventilatório (FCLV2) reduziu significativamente apenas no GF No entanto, o desempenho no teste “caminhada de seis minutos” melhorou significativamente nos três grupos, sem diferença entre os mesmos. Todas as variáveis funcionais avaliadas melhoraram significativamente após o treinamento, com diferença estatística somente entre GE e GA nos testes “flexão de cotovelo” e “levantar e sentar”, com maiores valores no GA no pós-treinamento. Todavia, constataram-se valores significativamente maiores no Δ% do teste “flexão de cotovelo” do GA e do GF comparados ao do GE (GA: 52,35 ± 9,63%; GF: 53,39 ± 6,82%; GE: 22,65 ± 5,09%) e diferença significativa no Δ% do teste “levantar e sentar” entre GA e GE (42,04 ± 4,58% vs 23,68 ± 4,75%), sendo ambos similares ao GF (37,41 ± 4,23%). Concluiu-se que o treinamento na hidroginástica foi efetivo para melhora de diversos parâmetros do equilíbrio corporal e da aptidão física de mulheres idosas, independente do método empregado. Porém, alguns resultados sugerem que as maiores adaptações na força muscular (1RM e resistência) tenham sido provocadas pelos treinamentos de força e aeróbico, enquanto as alterações cardiorrespiratórias mais relevantes ocasionadas pelos treinamentos de equilíbrio e aeróbico. / The aging process leads to a decline in postural balance, muscle strength and cardiorespiratory system, affecting directly the functional capacity of the elderly. However, the systematic practice of physical activity may reduce these deleterious effects. The exercises performed in water environment, such as water-based, are appropriate and safe for this population, especially by offering a reduced impact on the lower limbs and a decrease in cardiovascular overload. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze and compare the effects of three different water-based exercises programs on body balance and physical fitness in the elderly. The sample was composed of 44 healthy women, aged between 60 and 75 years, sedentary for at least six months, randomly into three groups: Balance (GE; n = 17; 66 ± 3.68 years), Strength (GF; n = 13; 65.3 ± 3.68 years) and Endurance (GA; n = 14; 63.7 ± 4.09 years). The groups had trained for 12 weeks, with two 45 minutes weekly sessions, and maintained a control period during four weeks. Balance, neuromuscular, cardiorespiratory and functional responses were measured before and after these periods. The statistical analysis was performed using paired T test for comparisons in the control period, and Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) to comparisons between moments and between groups. The significance level was α = 0.05 (SPSS 20.0) After the training period, all groups showed improvement in the static balance (p<0.05), verified by the reduction of the maximum displacement amplitude of center of pressure (COP) in the anteroposterior (COPap) and mid-lateral (COPml) directions, during the bilateral (eyes open and closed) and unilateral support bases, and the average COPap velocity in the bilateral situation with eyes closed. In addition, there was an increase in the dynamic balance, evaluated by the Tandem test, after the three interventions (p<0.001). In all variables previously mentioned, there was no significant difference between groups, being one of the main findings of the present study. In adition, there was a significant increase in maximal dynamic strength, measured by one maximal repetition test of knee extensors (1RM), with no difference between groups (p>0.05). However, the statistical analysis with percentages of 1RM incrementes (Δ%) showed higher values in the GF compared to the GE (31.51 ± 3.44 vs. 14.85 ± 2.26%; p<0.05). The cardiorespiratory measurements analysis showed a significant increase in the peak oxygen uptake (VO2pico) and in the oxygen uptake corresponding to the second ventilatory threshold (VO2LV2) only in GA and GE, with no difference between groups, while heart rate corresponding to the second ventilatory threshold (FCLV2) decreased significantly only in GF However, the “six-minute walk test” performance improved significantly in all groups, with no difference between them. All functional variables improved significantly after training, with statistical difference between GA and GE only in the "arm curl test" and "chair stand test", with higher values in GA at posttraining moment. On the other hand, significantly higher values were found in the Δ% of "arm curl test" in GA and GF compared to GE (GA: 52.35 ± 9.63%; GF: 53.39 ± 6.82%; GE: 22.65 ± 5.09%) and significant difference in the Δ% of "chair stand test" between GA and GE (42.04 ± 4.58% vs 23.68 ± 4.75%), being both similar to GF (37.41 ± 4.23%). It was concluded that the water-based exercise training was effective to improve several body balance and physical fitness parameters of elderly women, regardless of the method used. However, some results suggest that the greatest adaptations in muscular strength (1RM and resistance) were provoked by strength training and aerobic training, while the most relevant cardiorespiratory changes were caused by aerobic training and balance training.

corpo interminável e outros corpos apresenta uma série de experimentos poéticos que buscam investigar as possibilidades gráficas da técnica japonesa de xilogravura à base d\'água como modo de expressão na produção atual de estampas. De modo a estabelecer um diálogo entre diferentes perspectivas, o estudo foi iniciado no Departamento de Artes Visuais da Escola de Comunicação e Artes da Universidade de São Paulo e continuado no Departamento de Xilogravura da Universidade de Artes de Tóquio. Resultado de uma pesquisa empírica, que se apoia em observações e experiências vividas, o trabalho resulta de inquietações acerca de um corpo ficcionado e coletivo, que cresce pelas bordas e se desdobra por propagação. Composto por linhas de intensidades variáveis, esse corpo ocupa a superfície conforme combinações harmônicas e multiplicáveis. / endless body and other bodies presents a series of poetic experiments that seek to investigate the graphic possibilities of the Japanese woodblock printing, as a means of expression within the production of printmaking nowadays. In order to establish a dialogue between two very different cultural perspectives, this study has taken place at both the Visual Arts Department of the University of São Paulo and the Printmaking Department of the Tokyo University of the Arts. This essentially empirical research explores the concept of corpus in a dual meaning. Both in a literal sense as the predominance of the human figure in the works, and in a constructed sense referring to an ever-expanding universe of sources. By combining lines of different shapes and intensities, the bodies in the works aim to fill harmoniously the surface through multipliable combinations.

This master´s thesis is focused on design and manufacturing of prototype of central impression cylinder cleaning unit. This thesis contains explaining of basic principle of flexographic printing and preview of types of flexographic printing presses. There are explained patented cleaning units and main claims of every patented cleaning unit. In the next part of this thesis, there are some conceptual designs, from which was chosen the final design for manufacturing. In the next part of this work, there are detailly described each of the parts of cleaning unit. Prototype of the cleaning unit was manufactured and tested in the SOMA Engineering s.r.o. Lanškroun. Cleaning unit will simplify the work of operators and reduce time, needed to clean the central impression drum in comparison with manually cleaning.

QDs haben aufgrund ihrer einzigartigen optischen und elektronischen Eigenschaften erhebliche Aufmerksamkeit erregt und sind vielseitige Materialien für verschiedene Anwendungen. T-QDs, wie AIS/ZnS, haben aufgrund ihrer geringeren Toxizität, Umweltverträglichkeit und einstellbaren optischen Eigenschaften an Bedeutung gewonnen. Diese Arbeit konzentriert sich auf die MW-Synthese von AIS/ZnS-QDs und untersucht den Einfluss von Syntheseparametern auf ihre optischen Eigenschaften sowie deren nachfolgende Anwendung in LSCs. Die Synthese kombiniert einen zweistufigen Erhitzungsansatz mit MW, was eine präzise Kontrolle über die QD-Zusammensetzung, Liganden und die chemische Zerfallsreihenfolge ermöglicht. Die Studie untersucht die Variation der Ag:In:S:Zn-Verhältnisse und den Einfluss von vier verschiedenen Liganden auf die optischen Eigenschaften. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen die Vielseitigkeit dieser QDs bei der Herstellung wasserlöslicher, hochphotolumineszierender Materialien. Die AIS/ZnS-QDs werden weiterhin als Materialien für LSCs genutzt, um erneuerbare Energie in BIPV-Systemen zu nutzen. Die Studie erforscht die Integration dieser QDs in eine Polymermatrix für LSCs und betont die Effizienz der Synthese. Zwei Syntheseansätze, ein zweistufiges Erhitzungsverfahren und die MW-Synthese mit Thiol-Liganden, erzeugen QDs, die in Toluol dispergierbar sind. Die resultierenden lumineszierenden Platten, integriert in LSC-Geräte, zeigen eine hohe PL QY (>60%). Die optischen Verluste werden für verschiedene Ligandenkombinationen verglichen, wobei überlegene Ergebnisse für MPA-OLA/OA-capped QDs beobachtet werden. Die LSC-Geräte, gekoppelt mit Si-Solarzellen unter einem Sonnensimulator, zeigen OPE-Werte von 3,8 ± 0,2% und 3,5 ± 0,2% für GSH-OLA/OA bzw. MPA-OLA/OA AIS/ZnS-QDs, und QOE-Werte von 24,1 ± 0,4% und 27,4 ± 0,4%. Die erreichte Leistung, gepaart mit der einfachen, wasserbasierten Synthese und den guten optischen Eigenschaften, unterstreicht das Potenzial von AIS/ZnS-QDs als LSCs. / QDs gained significant attention for their unique optical and electronic properties, making them versatile materials for various applications. t-QDs, such as AIS/ZnS, gained prominence due to their lower toxicity, eco-friendly nature, and tunable optical characteristics. This thesis focuses on the MW-assisted synthesis of AIS/ZnS QDs, exploring the impact of synthesis parameters on their optical properties and subsequent application as LSCs. The synthesis methodology combines a two-step heating approach with MW assistance, allowing for precise control over QD composition, ligands, and chemical decomposition order. The study investigates the variation of Ag:In:S:Zn ratios and the influence of four different ligands on optical properties. The results confirm the versatility of these QDs in producing water-soluble, highly photoluminescent materials with PL QY of 60-65% and long PL decay. The synthesized AIS/ZnS QDs are further utilized as materials for LSCs, aiming to harness renewable energy in building-integrated photovoltaic systems. The study explores the integration of these QDs into a polymer matrix for LSCs, emphasizing the efficiency of the synthesis method. Two synthesis approaches, a two-step heating method and MW-assisted synthesis with thiol ligands, yield QDs dispersible in organic solvents. The resulting luminescent slabs, integrated into LSC devices, exhibit high PLQY (>60%). Optical losses due to reabsorption and matrix effects are compared for different ligand combinations, with superior results observed for MPA-OLA/OA-capped QDs. The LSC devices coupled with Si-solar cells under a solar simulator demonstrate OPE values of 3.8 ± 0.2% and 3.5 ± 0.2% for GSH-OLA/OA and MPA-OLA/OA AIS/ZnS QDs, respectively, and QOE values of 24.1 ± 0.4% and 27.4 ± 0.4%. The achieved device performance, among the highest reported, coupled with the simplicity of the water-based synthesis and the excellent optical properties, underscores the potential of AIS/ZnS QDs as LSCs.

Dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have typically been produced using organic liquids such as acetonitrile as the electrolyte solvent. In real world situations water can permeate into the cell through sealing materials and is also likely to be introduced during the fabrication process. This is a problem as the introduction of water into cells optimized to use an organic solvent tends to be detrimental to cell performance. In this work DSSCs which are optimized to use water as the main electrolyte solvent are produced and characterized. Optimization of aqueous DSSCs resulted in cells with efficiencies up to 3.5% being produced. In terms of characterization, it is generally seen in this work that aqueous DSSCs produce a lower photocurrent but similar photovoltage compared to DSSCs made using acetonitrile and reasons for this are examined in detail. The decreased ability of the aqueous electrolyte to wet the nanoporous TiO2 compared to an acetonitrile electrolyte is found to be a key difficulty and several possible solutions to this problem are examined. By measuring the photocurrent output of aqueous cells as a function of xy position it can be seen that there is some dye dissolution near to the electrolyte filling holes. This is thought to be linked to pH and the effect of 4-tert-butylpyridine and may also decrease the photocurrent. It is found that there is little difference between the two types of cells in terms of the conduction band position and the reaction of electrons in the semiconductor with triiodide in the electrolyte, explaining the similarity in photovoltage. By altering the pH of the electrolyte in an aqueous cell it is found to be possible to change the TiO2 conduction band position in the DSSC. This has a significant effect on the open circuit voltage and short circuit current of the cell, though the pH range available is limited by the fact that dye desorbs at high pH values.

Most of the rolling element bearings are lubricated with Grease lubricant. Generally, the grease is expected to serve for life. The major causes of the bearing failure are due to the failure of the lubrication. The grease will experience creeping, oil permeation, oil separation etc. The separated oil will be lost permanently from the bearing. The widely used grease for general application is the lithium grease. The thickener of the grease consists covalent bond. When the grease is sheared, the breakage of the covalent bond will be permanent, resulting in the permanent loss of the rheological properties. The gels have unique properties such as thermal reversibility, viscoelasticity and thixotropy. They become mobile under shear stress and solidify again when the shear stress is removed. This property can be harnessed to avoid the base oil creeping, oil permeation, leakage in gears and bearings. Due to the presence of the polar group in the gels, they form a good tribo film and prevent the wear.  Under the shear stress, weak supramolecular interactions will be distorted, and this leads to the release of the oil and they re-form the structure after a certain period of rest. When the gel is in the solid-state, it will avoid creeping and evaporation. Many classes of gels are either derived from natural sources or from environmentally friendly materials. Thus, the lubricant formed out of gel would effectively solve both environmental as well as lubrication problems. In this work, supramolecular gel lubricants were prepared out of fully green, cellulose derivatives and starch hydrolysates. The non-ionic hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and anionic sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) were chosen to understand the effect of ionic and non-ionic gelators on the rheological and the tribological parameters. Traditionally fat was used as a lubricant, now, in food industry various fat replacers are being used. To study whether the fat replacers can act as a thickener, Dextrin and maltodextrins were chosen.  Dextrin and maltodextrin with the different DE values were selected to understand the influence of molecular weight on gelation and tribological performance.  Inspired by the recent developments and advantages of aqueous lubrication, mixer of water and poly(ethylene glycol) 200 (PEG 200) is chosen as the base fluid. It was found that a very small amount of gelator can increase the viscosity of the PEG/water to several orders. The thermal stability of the gels was studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and found that gels can increase the thermal stability of the base fluid. FTIR results showed the formation of a non-covalent bond between the PEG molecules and water. It is shown that anionic gelator will result in producing low friction and wear in comparison to non-ionic gelator. The possible tribo-film formation due to the negative charge in the NaCMC molecules is attributed to these results. The very low friction and low wear was exhibited by the dextrin and maltodextrin gels. It is proposed that this could be due to the microspherical particles of gels which can act as nano bearings. It was found that choosing the optimum concentration of the gelator is important to reduce friction and wear. The higher gelator concentration will form the hard gel, which cannot flow and replenish the sliding contact, resulting in the starved lubrication. This will cause high wear and friction. These gel lubricants can be used in food, pharmaceutical and biomedical industries.

The present work provides an insight in the development of silica films prepared by water-based sol-gel process. The weaknesses of the coating technology are identified, also solutions are discussed. The silica film is applied on aluminium alloy 6082-T6 and magnesium alloy AZ31. The development of the coating properties such as cost-efficiency, crack-free, self-healing and long-term corrosion protection is the main topic of this work. Cracking is the major drawback of silica films; the cracks are generated due to shrinkage of the film during the heat treatment, nanoparticles-doped silica film is successfully reduced the shrinkage which leads to crack-free silica films. The self-healing of the coated aluminium and magnesium samples is generated by corrosion inhibitors-doped silica film. When a defect appears in the film, the corrosion inhibitors leach out of the silica film to the defect area to heal the corroded surface. The long-term corrosion protection is realized by means of a mixture of corrosion inhibitors-doped silica film. / Die vorliegende Arbeit liefert einen Einblick in die Entwicklung von Silikafilmen, die mittels Sol-Gel-Prozess auf Wasserbasis hergestellt wurden. Die Schwächen der Beschichtungstechnologie werden dargestellt und Lösungen diskutiert. Der Silikafilm wird auf Aluminiumlegierung 6082-T6 und Magnesium-legierung AZ31 aufgebracht. Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit ist die Entwicklung der Schichteigenschaften, wie Kosteneffizienz, Rissfreiheit, Selbstheilung so wie langfristiger Korrosionsschutz. Rissbildung ist ein wesentlicher Nachteil von Silikafilmen; rissfreie Filme wurden mittels nanopartikeldotierter Silikafilme hergestellt. Die Selbstheilung von Aluminium-und Magnesiumsubstraten mit Silikafilm wird durch den Effekt der wasserlöslichen Korrosionsinhibitoren generiert. Die Experimente haben gezeigt, dass die Proben mit inhibitordotierter Beschichtung selbst gegen Korrosion geschützt sind. Ein langfristiger Korrosionsschutz wird durch eine Mischung aus Korrosionsinhibitor-dotierten Silika-Film realisiert.

The increasing demand for more readily bio-degradable, renewable and non-toxic environmentally adaptive lubricants with a lower degree of bioaccumulation has escalated the investigation of water-based lubricants as the potential alternatives for conventional mineral-based oils. Water is an excellent environmentally adapted lubricant; however, it is a low viscous fluid and holds downsides of having corrosive nature and extremely low pressure-viscosity coefficient leading to insufficient load-carrying capacity. These shortcomings make pure water a poor choice for operations involving high load and low speed, for instance, within hydropower applications. Therefore, the choice of appropriate modifiers and additives is crucial to improve the viscosity, friction-reducing performance and anti-wear properties of water as a base lubricant. Appropriate selection and combination of bearing materials also significantly improve the tribological performance of the lubricants. In the presented work, tribological behavior of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) thickening agents with water as a base fluid in the lubrication of pure UHMWPE and SCF reinforced UHMWPE bearing materials has been investigated individually under reciprocating tribometer. The results showed that both PVP and PSS are excellent viscosity modifiers. PVP exhibited excellent friction-reducing and anti-wear performance, while PSS revealed increased wear rates with an insignificant reduction of friction coefficients. This study aims to explore the potential for using newly developed water-based lubricants in the replacement of traditional mineral-based lubricants for hydropower turbine bearings.

Miesmuscheln inspirieren zur nächsten Generation von wasserbasierten Nassklebstoffen. Muschelfußproteine (mfps) ermöglichen es den Muscheln, sich an jede Oberfläche zu haften und zeigen bemerkenswerte Eigenschaften, die insbesondere durch das Aminosäurederivat 3,4 Dihydroxyphenylalanin (Dopa) verursacht werden. Da der Einfluss von Wasser nach wie vor eine große Herausforderung für Klebeanwendungen darstellt und die Herstellung und Reinigung von Klebeproteinen viel Zeit und Kosten erfordert, ist ein einfacher Zugang zu biomimetischen Klebstoffen von großem Interesse. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht einen neuartigen Muschel-inspirierten Polymerisationsansatz zur Herstellung von adhäsiven Proteinanaloga aus Oligopeptiden (Unimeren). Der Polymerisationsmechanismus nutzt einen Reaktionsweg, der in Miesmuscheln auftritt und beruht auf einer enzymatischen Oxidation von Tyrosin zu Dopachinon, das mit freien Thiolen aus Cystein Cysteinyldopa bildet, wodurch Unimere verknüpft und adhäsive Funktionalitäten erzeugt werden. Innerhalb weniger Minuten entstehen hochmolekulare Polymere, die ein vielseitiges Adsorptions- und starkes Adhäsionsverhalten demonstrieren. Die Proteinanaloga weisen eine signifikante Multischicht-Adsorption auf hydrophilen sowie hydrophoben Oberflächen auf und sind resistent gegenüber Spülschritten mit hochkonzentrierten Salz-Lösungen. Die beobachteten Adhäsionsenergien liegen im Bereich von kommerziellen mfp-Extrakten und überschreiten sogar berichtete Werte für isolierte mfps. Die Arbeit präsentiert eine einfache Synthese künstlicher mfp-Analoga, die in der Lage sind Aspekte natürlicher mfps nachzuahmen und potenziell zur Entwicklung von wasserresistenten Universalklebstoffen beitragen. Um die Bedingungen für eine kostengünstige, großtechnische Produktion zu verbessern, werden zusätzlich alternative Synthesewege für die enzymfreie Herstellung Muschel-inspirierter Polymere untersucht, die auf der chemischen Oxidation von Dopa-haltigen Unimeren beruhen. / Marine mussels provide inspiration for the next generation of water-based, wet adhesives. Mussel foot proteins (mfps) enable them to attach to any surface and exhibit remarkable properties, notably due to the amino acid derivative 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (Dopa). Since the influence of water still constitutes a major challenge for gluing applications and large-scale production and purification of adhesive proteins is time-consuming and costly, an easy access route toward biomimetic adhesives is of high interest. This thesis investigates a novel mussel-inspired polymerization approach for the production of adhesive protein analogues from oligopeptides (unimers). The polymerization mechanism exploits a distinct reaction pathway, occurring in mussels and relies on enzyme-mediated oxidation of tyrosine to Dopaquinone in the unimers, which forms cysteinyldopa with free thiols from cysteine, thereby linking unimers and generating adhesive moieties. Within a few minutes high molecular weight polymers are obtained that show versatile adsorption and strong adhesion behaviour. The protein analogues exhibit significant multilayer adsorption onto hydrophilic as well as hydrophobic surfaces and resist rinsing with highly saline solutions. Comparative adhesion studies on silica reveal adhesion energies that are in the same range as commercial mussel foot protein extracts and even exceed reported values for isolated foot proteins that constitute the gluing interfaces. The approach offers facile access toward artificial mussel foot proteins that are capable of mimicking aspects of the natural ideal and potentially helps to develop next-generation universal water resistant glues. In order to further improve the conditions regarding cost-efficient and large-scale production in the future, alternative synthesis routes for the enzyme-free generation of mussel-inspired polymers based on chemical oxidation of Dopa containing unimers are additionally explored.