Among women in North America, body dissatisfaction is prevalent and well documented. Women are often unhappy with their bodies and strive to change their bodies to fit the dominant cultural ideal of beauty and femininity. Within this context, in which women are expected to focus tremendous resources, time, and energy on bodily striving and body dissatisfaction, some women are able to resist these expectations. They experience joy with their bodies—joy that is not contingent on their appearance, size, or weight. With respect to women’s embodied experiences of joy, a number of significant gaps exist in the research literature. The current study examined women’s experiences of embodied joy through the use of qualitative research methods, including individual interviews and a focus group. A feminist constructivist grounded theory frame was utilized. The findings of this analysis indicated the presence of four core dimensions of women’s joyful body experiences as a form of resistance to bodily dissatisfaction. The first core dimension addressed the experience of embodied joy, which included attunement, growth, liberation, and thriving. The second core dimension addressed participants’ active creation of environments that nurtured joy, including: creating spaces that facilitated embodied joy, creating internal openness to the experience of joy, and seeking supportive social relationships. The third core dimension addressed enacting joy in the context of resistance and struggle, specifically when navigating the imposition of the other’s external gaze. This core dimension included the themes of media deconstruction, disengagement from problematic relationships, personal practices of resistance, and critical political consciousness. The fourth core dimension involved enacting joy in the context of resistance and struggle as a journey towards joy, which included reclaimed childhood experiences, disruption and reconnection, and guiding other girls and women. The present study has implications for clinical work as well as for health promotion. Ultimately, women’s experiences of embodied joy both reflected their resistance to cultural dictates and further enabled them to resist the dictate of bodily dissatisfaction.

Among women in North America, body dissatisfaction is prevalent and well documented. Women are often unhappy with their bodies and strive to change their bodies to fit the dominant cultural ideal of beauty and femininity. Within this context, in which women are expected to focus tremendous resources, time, and energy on bodily striving and body dissatisfaction, some women are able to resist these expectations. They experience joy with their bodies—joy that is not contingent on their appearance, size, or weight. With respect to women’s embodied experiences of joy, a number of significant gaps exist in the research literature. The current study examined women’s experiences of embodied joy through the use of qualitative research methods, including individual interviews and a focus group. A feminist constructivist grounded theory frame was utilized. The findings of this analysis indicated the presence of four core dimensions of women’s joyful body experiences as a form of resistance to bodily dissatisfaction. The first core dimension addressed the experience of embodied joy, which included attunement, growth, liberation, and thriving. The second core dimension addressed participants’ active creation of environments that nurtured joy, including: creating spaces that facilitated embodied joy, creating internal openness to the experience of joy, and seeking supportive social relationships. The third core dimension addressed enacting joy in the context of resistance and struggle, specifically when navigating the imposition of the other’s external gaze. This core dimension included the themes of media deconstruction, disengagement from problematic relationships, personal practices of resistance, and critical political consciousness. The fourth core dimension involved enacting joy in the context of resistance and struggle as a journey towards joy, which included reclaimed childhood experiences, disruption and reconnection, and guiding other girls and women. The present study has implications for clinical work as well as for health promotion. Ultimately, women’s experiences of embodied joy both reflected their resistance to cultural dictates and further enabled them to resist the dictate of bodily dissatisfaction.

Bakgrund: Flera olika cancerbehandlingar som används idag kan leda till nedsatt reproduktionsförmåga hos både kvinnor och män. För biologiska män finns i det initiala sjukdomsskedet en tydlig rutin implementerad kring fertilitetsbevarande åtgärder. Samma rutin saknas för biologiska kvinnor och forskning visar på att information kring ämnet är bristfällig. Möjligheten att kunna bli förälder är en viktig faktor samt nära sammankopplat med kvinnlig identitet, något som visat sig gälla även dem som inte planerar att bilda familj. Syfte: Att undersöka betydelsen av information för kvinnor som ska genomgå eller har genomgått cancerbehandling och riskerar att drabbas av nedsatt reproduktionsförmåga. Metod: En kvalitativ litteraturstudie genomfördes där PubMed och Cinahl användes som databaser. Tio vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ ansats som svarar mot syftet valdes till litteraturstudiens resultat. De vetenskapliga artiklarna analyserades genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Informanterna upplevde att de sällan eller aldrig mottagit adekvat information om de olika cancerbehandlingarnas risker och biverkningar på fertiliteten och om vilka fertilitetsbevarande åtgärder som fanns att tillgå. Känslor som frustration och att befinna sig i ovisshet var vanligt förekommande och majoriteten av informanterna kände att deras situation inte togs på allvar. Fokus låg även på behovet av att som patient kunna fatta välgrundade beslut, vilket var omöjligt utan adekvatinformation. Konklusion: Bristen på adekvat fertilitetsrelaterad information lågofta som grund till de negativa känslor informanterna uttryckte och i många fallvar informationen bristfällig på grund av sjukvårdspersonalens bristande kunskapoch förståelse. Denna litteraturstudie önskar kunna bidra med bredare kunskap iämnet samt ökad förståelse för denna patientgrupp. / Background: Several different cancer treatments used today can lead to reducedreproductive capacity in both women and men. In the initial stage of the disease,there is a clear routine implemented around fertility preservation methods forbiological men. The same routine is lacking for biological women and researchshows that information on the subject is deficient. Having the opportunity tobecome a parent is an important factor and is closely linked to female identity,something that has proven to apply even to those who do not plan to start afamily. Aim: To investigate the importance of information for women who areundergoing cancer treatment and are at risk of impaired reproductive capacity.Method: A qualitative literature review was conducted where PubMed and Cinahlwere used as databases. Ten scientific articles with a qualitative approach thatcorresponded to the purpose were selected for the results of the literature review.The scientific articles were analyzed through qualitative content analysis. Results:The informants felt that they rarely or never received adequate information aboutthe risks and side effects of the various cancer treatments and about what fertilitypreservation methods were available. Emotions such as frustration and uncertaintywere common, and a majority of the informants felt that their situation were nottaken seriously. They also had a great disire to be able to make informeddecisions, which was impossible without adequate information. Conclusion: Thenegative feelings expressed by the informants were often based on the lack ofadquate fertility-related information. In many cases the information was deficientdue to lack of knowledge and understanding of the healthcare professionals. Thisliterature study means to contribute with broader knowledge in the subject andincreased understanding of this group of patients.

SAMMANFATTNING  Bakgrund  Att kvinnor utsätts för våld av sin partner är idag och har länge varit ett samhällsproblem. Våldet mot kvinnorna är något som medför allvarliga skador mot kvinnornas fysiska och psykiska hälsa. Det leder i sin tur vidare till bland annat ångest, depression, suicidtankar och självskada. Som sjuksköterska finns ett professionellt ansvar att lyfta och se dessa våldsutsatta kvinnor för att kunna ge god omvårdnad och stöd.  Syfte Syftet var att belysa lidandet hos kvinnor som utsatts för våld av sin manliga partner för att förstå betydelsen av mötet inom omvårdnad.   Metod En icke-systematisk litteraturöversikt med totalt 17 inkluderade vetenskapliga artiklar som utgör resultatet i denna studie. Artiklarna togs fram med databaserna PubMed och CINAHL. De valda artiklarna analyserades och granskades utefter Sophiahemmets Högskolas bedömningsunderlag.  Resultat Resultatet i litteraturöversikten visade både negativa och positiva upplevelser av sjukvården hos kvinnor som utsatts för våld av sin manliga partner. Upplevelserna som resultatet tog fram visade sig främst vara negativa. Kvinnor visade sig ha olika upplevelser av första mötet med sjukvårdspersonalen som kunde handla om exempelvis att känna sig hörd, sedd och bekräftad medan de negativa upplevelserna kunde handla om tvärtemot, att inte känna sig hörd, sedd eller bekräftad. Resultatet delades in enligt två kategorier med fem respektive tre subkategorier.  Slutsats Våld i nära relation som utövas mot kvinnor av en manlig partner är ett globalt folkhälsoproblem som sjukvårdspersonal har behov av ökad utbildning inom för att kunna lindra lidande hos våldsutsatta kvinnor. Den fortsatta utbildningen kan förslagsvis behövas för att uppmärksamma våldet kvinnor utsätts för av sin manliga partner vilket kan vara till nytta för patienterna, närstående och samhället i stort. / ABSTRACT  Background The fact that women are exposed to violence by their partner is today and has for a long time been a societal problem. Violence against women is something that causes serious damage to women's physical and mental health. This in turn leads to anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts and self-harm. As a nurse, there is a professional responsibility to lift and see these abused women in order to give god care and support.  Aim The purpose was to shed light on the suffering of women who have been exposed to violence by their male partner in order to understand the importance of the encounter in nursing.   Method A non-systematic literature review with a total of 17 included scientific articles that constitute the result of this study. The articles were produced with the databases PubMed and CINAHL. The selected articles were analyzed and reviewed according to Sophiahemmet University's assessment data.  Results The results in the literature review showed both negative and positive experiences of healthcare in women who have been exposed to violence by their male partner. The experiences that the result produced turned out to be mainly negative. Women turned out to have different experiences of the first encounter with the healthcare staff, which could be for example feelings of being heard, seen and confirmed, while the negative experiences could be about not feeling heard, seen or confirmed. The results were divided into two categories with five and three subcategories, respectively.  Conclusions Intimate partner violence that is perpetrated against women by a male partner is a global public health problem in which healthcare professionals need increased training to be able to alleviate suffering in women exposed to intimate partner violence. Further education may be needed to pay attention to the violence women are exposed to by their male partner, which can be beneficial for patients, relatives, and society at large.

Background: Cervical cancer is a global health problem, by year 2020 around 600,000 women were suffering from cervical cancer. The contagious infection Human Papillomavirus causes the majority of cervical cancers worldwide. The impact of cervical cancer on women contributes to changes in their social and sexual relations in which women finds themselves.  Aim: The aim was to describe women's experiences of living with cervical cancer. Method:The method used in this study was literature-based. Friberg's five-step model was used to analyze the selected scientific articles used for the result. Results: Based on the analysis work, three themes emerged: the intimate relationship, being affected by cervical cancer and a second chance. Seven subthemes were compiled in coding: the experience of changed sexuality and femininity, to feel loneliness in the disease, to find support in the environment, to feel bad about what is to be cured, a constant worry, see life with new eyes, find comfort in religion and faith, there is a future. Conclusion: Women's lives after suffering from cervical cancer changed drastically and affected their health.

Bakgrund: Bröstcancer är den vanligaste cancerformen bland kvinnor globalt och i Sverige, med över 20 nya fall dagligen. Behandlingar inkluderar kirurgi, strålning, kemoterapi, hormonbehandling och målinriktade terapier. Mastektomi är vanligt och påverkar livskvaliteten hos kvinnor. Att förstå deras upplevelser har betydelse för omvårdnad. Syfte: Att beskriva kvinnors upplevelser efter genomförd mastektomi. Metod: Metoden är en litteraturöversikt av vetenskapliga originalartiklar med kvalitativ ansats. Resultat: Litteraturöversikten identifierade två huvudtema: "Upplevelser av den förändrade kroppen", inklusive en förändrad kroppsuppfattning, anpassad klädsel och förändrat sexliv, samt "Upplevelser av relationer och stöd", med fokus på familjedynamik och stöd, stöd från sjukvårdspersonal, och det sociala livet. Resultaten visade på kvinnors utmaningar efter mastektomi och behovet av stöd och anpassning. Slutsats: Mastektomi hos kvinnor leder till kroppsuppfattningsförändringar och behov av omfattande stöd. Personcentrerad vård, psykologiskt stöd och korrekt information är viktigt för deras välbefinnande. / Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women globally and in Sweden, with over 20 new cases daily. Treatments include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapies. Mastectomy is common and affects the quality of life for women. Understanding their experiences is crucial for nursing care. Aim: To describe women's experiences after undergoing mastectomy. Method: The method involves a literature review of scientific original articles employing a qualitative approach. Results: The literature review identified two main themes: "Experiences of the changed body", including a changed body image, adapted clothing and changed sex life, and "Experiences of relationships and support", focusing on family dynamics and support, support from healthcare professionals, and social life. The results showed the challenges faced by women after mastectomy and the need for support and adaptation. Conclusions: Mastectomy results in changes in body perception and the need for comprehensive support. Person-centered care, psychological support, and accurate information are crucial for their well-being.

Världshälsoorganisationen har definierat mäns våld mot kvinnor som ett världshälsoproblem och är ett förekommande problem i det svenska samhället. Detta utgör en utmaning för folkhälsan och en kränkning av kvinnors mänskliga rättigheter. Historiskt har kvinnor kämpat för jämlikhet och lagstiftning som skyddar dem från våld, men trots formella rättigheter upplever kvinnor fortfarande våld som ger allvarliga fysiska och psykiska konsekvenser. Denna litteraturöversikt av kvalitativa studier vill belysa hur våldsutsatta kvinnor upplever vårdmötet. Elva artiklar har analyserats som kan appliceras till svensk sjukvård och ett resultat har yttrat sig i två huvudteman: "Emotionella upplevelser av vårdmötet” och “Vårdens betydelse för den våldsutsatta kvinnan”, samt fem tillhörande under teman. Resultatet visar att våldsutsatta kvinnors känslomässiga upplevelser av vårdmötet påverkas av hur vårdpersonal bemöter dem. Kvinnors upplevelser av vårdmötet inkluderar känslor av att bli ignorerade och skuldbelagda men även upplevelser av att bli sedd och bli lyssnad till när vårdpersonalen tar sig tid, är lyhörd, visar empati och skapar en trygg miljö. På grund av olika hinder som dålig vårdmiljö, rädsla hos kvinnor och okunskap hos vårdpersonal skapar det svårigheter i kommunikationen för att kvinnan ska våga be om hjälp och vårdpersonalen att hjälpa. Det ligger på vården att ta initiativ att lyfta frågan om våld samt skapa kontinuitet för att fånga upp och stödja kvinnor som utsatts för våld i hemmet. Det krävs stora insatser som mer resurser, mer personal och utbildning på organisatorisk nivå och individnivå för att skapa förutsättningar för en god vård samt främja läkningsprocessen och återuppbygga förtroendet hos våldsutsatta kvinnor. / World health organization has defined men's violence against women as a global public health issue and it’s a prevalent problem in the Swedish society. This poses a challenge to public health and a violation of women's human rights. Historically, women have fought for equality and legislation to protect them from violence, but despite formal rights, women still experience violence that results in severe physical and psychological consequences. This literature review of qualitative studies aims to shed light on how abused women experience the healthcare encounter. Eleven articles have been analyzed, that can be applied to Swedish healthcare and the result manifest in two main themes: "The emotional experiences of the healthcare encounter" and "The significance of healthcare for the abused woman," with five related sub-themes. The findings indicate that abused women's emotional experiences of the healthcare encounter are influenced by how healthcare professionals treat them. Women's experiences of the healthcare encounter include feelings of being ignored and blamed, but also experiences of being seen and listened to when healthcare professionals take the time, are responsive, show empathy, and create a safe environment. Due to various obstacles such as poor healthcare environment, fear among women, and lack of knowledge among healthcare personnel creates difficulties in communication for the woman to dare to seek help and for healthcare professionals to provide assistance. It is up to the healthcare professionals to take the initiative to address the issue of violence and create continuity to identify and support these women. Significant efforts are needed as more resources, more healthcare personnel and education, at an organizational- and individual level to create conditions for good healthcare and promote the healing process and rebuilding trust for abused women.