Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-09-22T12:00:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 mariafernandateixeiradossantos.pdf: 954362 bytes, checksum: b34029106accb6ced3679a48917c0190 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Diamantino Mayra (mayra.diamantino@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-09-26T20:28:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 mariafernandateixeiradossantos.pdf: 954362 bytes, checksum: b34029106accb6ced3679a48917c0190 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-26T20:28:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 mariafernandateixeiradossantos.pdf: 954362 bytes, checksum: b34029106accb6ced3679a48917c0190 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a participação feminina no movimento estudantil, percebendo como se articulam relações de gênero e poder na militância feminina. A pesquisa em que este trabalho se baseia foi realizada durante a campanha para o Diretório Central dos Estudantes, de uma universidade federal mineira, no ano de 2009. Procurou-se compreender as construções do conceito de gênero, de forma que pudéssemos construir um referencial teórico capaz de nos auxiliar na compreensão da dinâmica das relações de gênero no interior do movimento estudantil. Para aprofundarmos em nossas questões, refletimos acerca da participação das mulheres na política formal, uma vez que fornece pistas importantes para a participação das militantes no movimento estudantil, já que o mesmo é estruturado por uma lógica partidária. Além disso, foi desenvolvida uma reflexão sobre juventude e movimento estudantil. No terceiro capítulo, que apresenta nossa etnografia, mostramos a composição das chapas envolvidas, a dinâmica de construção de identidades das chapas, onde desenvolvemos uma reflexão acerca das estratégias e posturas das mulheres universitárias em relação a seus posicionamentos ao longo do processo político em questão. / This study is aimed at examining women's participation in the student movement, taking note on how relations of power and gender are articulated in women’s militancy. The research on which this work is based was conducted during the campaign for the Central Directory of Students in a Federal University of Minas Gerais, in 2009. An understanding of the constructions of the concept of gender was sought, so that we could create a theoretical reference able to assist us in understanding the dynamics of gender relations within the student movement. To delve into our questions, women's participation in formal politics was reflected on, as it provides important clues to the involvement of militants in the student movement, as it is structured by a partisan logic. Furthermore, a speculation on youth and student movement was developed. In the third chapter, which presents our ethnography, the composition of the candidate slates involved are shown including the dynamic construction of the identities belonging to the same, where a reflection or speculation is developed about the strategies and attitudes of college women in relation to their positions along the political process in question.

The main aim of this thesis is to examine the processes and procedures for promoting local government democracy in post-apartheid South Africa. This study principally investigates the extent to which local government reforms empower women in local politics, given the context, constraints and contested discourses in the historical meaning of „women‟, as well as the history of institution making in South Africa. In order to achieve this, the study explores local government reforms processes‟ contribution to the nature of women‟s political participation and representation in local politics. The study further explains the relationship between political parties‟ and that of government in the participation of women in local politics. Lastly, the study identifies ingrained factors shaping women‟s participation in local politics prevalent in spite of reforms. The study has adopted an institutionalist approach and uses critical theory in order gain deeper insights about women‟s participation and representation in local politics. The study adopts a qualitative research strategy, due to the fact that it favours particular instruments that are suited to explore some of the experiences and practices of the main actors involved in local politics. It triangulates both secondary and primary sources of data gathered in South Africa. In-depth interviews were conducted with 30 interviewees from two selected municipalities in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, and two sampled political parties as an endeavour to obtain a diversity of viewpoints about the political reforms. Furthermore, the secondary data from government sources and political parties‟ sources was used. Archival research was complemented with municipal reports and policies in order to establish the relationship between national directives and local implementation on institutional development. These methodological approaches were used due to the fact that they highlight the multiplicity and diversity of political institutions that exist even at local level. The findings show that there are political spaces opened through reforms for women to participate in political processes in local government politics. The study found that there are local municipalities led by women mayors and some were under women‟s political leadership from the beginning -- following the second reorganisation of local government. Nonetheless, the levels of state (national, provincial and local) and diverse interests of societal actors in local politics challenged the democratisation processes. Basically, the government has contradictory dominant roles in the reform processes. However, societal actors, which comprise political parties and traditional authorities influence reforms (in) directly. Further findings show contradictions among institutions, which favours other actors in local politics, while restricting women‟s long-term political careers. Overall, this study concludes that the reform process has achieved the objective in opening political spaces for women in local politics. However, these new spaces in a post-apartheid society seem to be depoliticised, which eclipses how the political system remains prone to the influence of multiple discourses of liberation, as well as the partial historical convergence of interests at the local political level.

El objetivo de la investigación fue establecer los factores determinantes que influyen en la participación laboral de la mujer peruana a nivel regional en el año 2021. Por lo que se planeó una metodología de nivel básica y de corte transversal, además de un enfoque cuantitativo utilizando un modelo econométrico logit, así también criterios de selección que permitieron la elaboración de una base de datos recopilados del Instituto Nacional de Estadística e informática (INEI) de su Encuesta Nacional de Hogares (ENAHO-2021). Para el desarrollo del estudio se planteó la variable dependiente la cual fue la participación laboral de la mujer, y las variables independientes fueron edad, nivel educativo, ingresos, estado civil, número de hijos. De lo que se pudo encontrar que las variables independientes evidencian significancia global, a su vez se ha encontrado que ser jefa de hogar, edad, educación, ingreso, hijos menores de 6 años e hijo entre 6 a 18 años, tienen significancia individual; mientras, que no es significativo individualmente la variable estado, a su vez se evidencia para las variables educación y edad, existen impactos negativos de la educación en Amazonas, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Huánuco, La Libertad, Pasco y Piura, mientras que impactos positivos de la edad en Pasco, afirmando que existen diferencias entre los factores determinantes como influyentes en la participación laboral de las mujeres en las 24 regiones. / The objective of the research was to establish the determining factors that influence the labor participation of Peruvian women at the regional level in 2021. Therefore, a basic level and cross-sectional methodology was planned, in addition to a quantitative approach using a logit econometric model, as well as selection criteria that allowed the preparation of a database compiled from the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI) from its National Household Survey (ENAHO-2021). For the development of the study, the dependent variable was raised, which was women's labor participation, and the independent variables were age, educational level, income, marital status, and number of children. From what it was found that the independent variables show global significance, in turn it has been found that being the head of the household, age, education, income, children under 6 years of age and children between 6 and 18 years of age, have individual significance; while, the state variable is not individually significant, in turn it is evident for the education and age variables, there are negative impacts of education in Amazonas, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Huánuco, La Libertad, Pasco and Piura, while positive impacts of age in Pasco, stating that there are differences between the determining factors that influence the labor participation of women in the 24 regions.

Submitted by Simone Maisonave (simonemaisonave@hotmail.com) on 2016-11-30T12:35:49Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Camila Goulart de Campos_Dissertacao.pdf: 3855711 bytes, checksum: 5f1db50431888e73c279560426d68ca2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-30T12:35:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Camila Goulart de Campos_Dissertacao.pdf: 3855711 bytes, checksum: 5f1db50431888e73c279560426d68ca2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-27 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Este trabalho procurou investigar a presença e a trajetória política das mulheres nos legislativos estaduais do Brasil eleitas no pleito de 2010, com o objetivo de identificar fatores que são preponderantes para a construção de suas carreiras políticas, a partir das redes de contatos que favorecem a entrada e a permanência das mulheres no campo político. Paralelo a isso, analisou-se a existência ou não de diferenças em função da diversidade regional das parlamentares brasileiras. Desse modo, adotou-se como hipótese que as parlamentares eleitas em 2010 possuemcaracterísticas em comum em termos sócio-econômicos e apresentam carreiras políticas similares, fato que foi confirmado na pesquisa. Neste sentido, a presença destas representantes, devido ao acúmulo de capital político, impulsionou a carreira consolidada das parlamentares. A análise dos dados da pesquisa ocorreu através do estudo das trajetórias das deputadas, observando seus perfis através de informações extraídas das páginas eletrônicas das Assembleias Legislativas, Tribunal Superior Eleitoral, Blogs das deputadas estaduais, bem como a análise descritiva e comparativa das parlamentares. Por fim, diante das análises realizadas cabe apontar algumas questões para serem apreciadas com pesquisas futuras, relacionadas às carreiras políticas femininas. Essas se situam, principalmente, no fato de existir um número pequeno de mulheres eleitas aos Parlamentos Regionais (poder supranacional). Isso configura um aspecto de significativa influência para a homogeneidade nas carreias políticas apresentadas neste trabalho. Ou, como indica a bibliografia sobre a carreira política, a homogeneidade nas carreiras políticas está voltada ao fato dessas parlamentares, mesmo sendo mulheres, pertencerem a uma elite política. / This study sought to investigate the presence and women's political career in the state of Brazil elected in the 2010 legislative elections, in order to identify factors that are crucial to building their political careers, from the contact networks that favor the entry and the permanence of women in the political field. Parallel to this, we analyzed the existence of differences depending on the regional diversity of Brazilian parliamentarians. Thus, we adopted as hypothesis the notion that specific characteristics of women who are in electoral politics have a similar political career between state legislators, a fact that was confirmed in the survey. In this sense, the presence of these representatives due to the accumulation of political capital, boosted consolidated parliamentary career. The analysis of the survey data occurred by analyzing the trajectories of MPs, watching their profiles through information extracted from the electronic pages of the Legislative Assemblies, the Superior Electoral Court, Blogs of state deputies, as well as descriptive and comparative analysis of parliamentarians. Finally, on the analyzes it is to point out some issues for consideration in future research related to women's political careers. These are located mainly in the fact that there is a small number of women elected to regional parliaments (supranational power). This sets up an aspect of significant influence to the homogeneity in political carreias presented in this paper. Or, as indicated by the literature on the political career, the homogeneity in political careers is facing the fact that these parliamentarians, even as women belonging to a political elite.

Magister Artium - MA / The birth of democracy in South Africa in 1994 not only meant the end of apartheid, but also served as the catalyst for community participation in the affairs of local government. Despite the creation of an enabling environment, i.e. the adoption of the concept of Developmental Local Government and Integrated Development Planning Framework to ensure the participation of communities, public participation remains contested today and still does not achieve its expected results. A range of problems besets public participation in governance and development planning. Accordingly, this thesis presents a case study of the barriers to meaningful public participation as well as exploration of the context and extent of public participation in Ward 28, Elsies River, Cape Town, South Africa. The investigation examined the link between public participation, development planning and service delivery. In order to achieve the stated aim, the researcher employed a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods including secondary analysis, observation, informal interviewing, focus group discussions as well as the administration of a structured questionnaire to various stakeholders. Based on the empirical results of this research, the study provides a number of developmental guidelines and public participation recommendations to enhance planning and service delivery, especially in poor communities. / South Africa

El presente trabajo de investigación busca identificar las características que comprende el proceso de participación de las mujeres dentro de espacios de comunidades de fans, también llamados fandom, a través de la actividad del fanfiction. El análisis se realizará en torno al fandom del anime, explorado a través del sitio web Archive Of Our Own, y con un enfoque en el punto de vista de mujeres escritoras. El fanfiction, dentro del mundo del entretenimiento digital, se ha convertido en otro medio de expresión creativa que resulta especialmente atractivo en comunidades de fans conformadas mayoritariamente por mujeres. Para examinar los comportamientos individuales de estas mujeres y su relación con otros individuos pertenecientes al fandom, se aplicarán entrevistas individuales a creadoras de fanfiction y una guía de análisis de contenido. Con esto se pretende principalmente estudiar la participación femenina dentro de los espacios fandom, además de identificar otros aspectos como su desenvolvimiento con otros individuos en un espacio digital. / This research work seeks to identify the characteristics that comprise the participation process of women within fan community spaces, also called fandom, through the activity of fanfiction. The analysis will be carried out around the media fandom, and specifically the anime fandom, explored through the Archive Of Our Own website, and with a focus on the point of view of female writers. Fanfiction, within the world of digital entertainment, has become another means of creative expression that is especially attractive in fan communities made up mostly of women. To examine the individual behaviors of these women and their relationship with other individuals belonging to the fandom, individual interviews with female fanfiction creators and a content analysis guide will be applied. This is mainly intended to study female participation within fandom spaces, in addition to identifying other aspects such as their development with other individuals in a digital space. / Trabajo de investigación

Cette thèse porte sur la question de la mobilisation de la nouvelle génération des femmes en Afghanistan après 2001. Elle interroge d’abord l’existence d’un mouvement féministe, selon les significations des outils théoriques occidentaux. Ensuite, elle analyse la mobilisation des femmes à partir des éléments qui provoquent une mobilisation pour la transformation socialeet politique afin d’assurer les droits des femmes : ceux qui ont un impact important sur la société comme la politique ou l’économie qui ne laisse pas la place aux femmes pour s’exprimer librement. La nouvelle génération des femmes qui ont grandi sous la Révolution et les théories des révolutionnaires s’engagent progressivement dans un combat pour le droit et la démocratie sous l’influence du développement : la modernisation économique, l’éducation, l’immigration et la mondialisation. / This thesis focuses on the topic of mobilization of the new generation of women in Afghanistan after 2001. First, it questions the existence of a feminist movement in Afghanistan, according to the meanings and Western theoretical tools. Then it analyzes themobilization of women from the elements that cause mobilization for social and political transformation to ensure women's rights: those that have a significant impact on society such as politics and economy of both countries which do not leave room for women to express themselves freely. The new generation of women who has grown up under the Revolution andrevolutionary theories has mobilized progressively in a fight for rights and democracy under the influence of development: economic modernization, education, immigration and globalization.

This thesis examines how women's participation in peace negotiations impacts the gender inclusivity of Truth and Reconciliation Commissions (TRCs) in Côte d'Ivoire, Liberia, and Colombia. It explores whether higher degrees of women's involvement led to more gender-inclusive TRCs, hypothesising that increased participation results in better integration of gender considerations. Using secondary data and primary interviews from Colombia, the study highlights political pressure as a key causal mechanism. Findings reveal that in Côte d'Ivoire, significant grassroots activism by women without formal negotiation roles led to moderate gender inclusivity in the TRC. In Liberia, limited formal participation in peace negotiations, combined with strong grassroots advocacy and post-conflict decision-making roles for women, resulted in a highly gender-inclusive TRC. In Colombia, women's formal involvement in peace negotiations, alongside continuous advocacy by women’s organisations, led to over 100 gender-specific provisions in the peace agreement, fostering a robust gender-inclusive TRC. These results partially support the hypothesis, showing that higher women's participation generally leads to more gender-inclusive TRCs. The research underscores the importance of institutionalising gender perspectives, leveraging political pressure, and ensuring international support to achieve inclusive and sustainable peace processes. It offers practical insights for enhancing gender inclusivity in transitional justice mechanisms like TRCs.

This study is an analysis of the conditions of access and permanence of women in the trade union movement. The issue is framed in the discussions on the political participation of women and the cut is the trade union movement. Considering that the political and trade union fields have traditionally been dominated by men, and considering the increasing participation of women, we aim to investigate the constraints of their insertion in these spaces. To that end, we selected as a reality to be observed the category of Technical-Administrative in Education - TAE, formed by professionals that make up the administrative sphere of Brazilian public higher education institutions. The representation tables, previously composed predominantly by men, gradually changed with the presence of women. Because of these changes, we propose to think the mechanisms that justify them and frame the analysis from two perspectives. In the first, we place the category of TAE in front of the institution that represents it nationally, the Federation of Trade Unions of Technical-Administrative Workers in Public Higher Education Institutions of Brazil - FASUBRA Sindical. In this regard, we analyze the composition of the national leadership and the directorates/coordinations of the affiliated unions, taking into account the percentages and places occupied by men and women. In the second, we selected one of the affiliated unions, the Syndicate of Technical-Administrative Workers in Education of the Federal University of Sergipe - SINTUFS. We seek to understand the conditions of access and permanence of women with the focus on the relational aspects around the engagement of the militants. The study was guided by the sociology of militancy and the gender approach, and the main concepts and notions employed were: trajectories, careers, sexual division of labor, militant engagement and social bonds. We use different methodological strategies, such as document consultation, questionnaire application, participant observation and biographical interview. We have identified the presence of many women in the directorates/coordinations of FASUBRA's basic institutions. However, differences were also observed in the number of places occupied by men and women. The social ties and some experiences found in women's itineraries have emerged as a mechanism to explain their entry and stay in union leadership. Among the types of links, the personalities were more relevant, and educational experiences were the most significant resources for engagement. We find that, in general, the increase of women in the trade union movement is associated with their participation in the labor market and the cultural and social transformations that affect the role of women in society. The unionists justified that the awareness of the need to occupy political spaces by women and, especially, the commitment to the working class were the reasons for their militant engagement. / Este estudo é uma análise das condições de acesso e permanência das mulheres no movimento sindical. A temática está enquadrada nas discussões sobre a participação política das mulheres e o recorte é o movimento sindical. Considerando que os campos político e sindical foram tradicionalmente dominados pelos homens, e considerando a crescente participação de mulheres, objetivamos investigar os condicionantes da inserção delas nesses espaços. Para tanto, selecionamos como realidade a ser observada a categoria dos Técnico-Administrativos em Educação - TAE, formada pelos profissionais que compõem a esfera administrativa das instituições de ensino superior público brasileiro. Os quadros de representação, antes compostos predominantemente por homens, aos poucos sofreram modificações com a presença das mulheres. Em razão dessas mudanças, propomos pensar os mecanismos que as justificam e enquadramos a análise sob duas perspectivas. Na primeira, situamos a categoria dos TAE frente à instituição que a representa nacionalmente, a Federação de Sindicatos de Trabalhadores Técnico-Administrativos em Instituições de Ensino Superior Públicas do Brasil - FASUBRA Sindical. Nesse aspecto, analisamos a composição da direção nacional e das direções/coordenações dos sindicatos filiados, levando em consideração os percentuais e os lugares ocupados por homens e mulheres. Na segunda, selecionamos um dos sindicatos filiados, o Sindicato dos Trabalhadores Técnico-Administrativos em Educação da Universidade Federal de Sergipe – SINTUFS. Buscamos apreender as condições de acesso e permanência das mulheres com o enfoque nos aspectos relacionais em torno do engajamento das militantes. O estudo foi norteado a partir da sociologia da militância e da abordagem de gênero, e os principais conceitos e as noções empregados foram: trajetórias, carreiras, divisão sexual do trabalho, engajamento militante e vínculos sociais. Utilizamos diferentes estratégias metodológicas, tais como, a consulta a documentos, a aplicação de questionário, a observação participante e a entrevista biográfica. Identificamos a presença de muitas mulheres nas direções/coordenações das instituições de base da FASUBRA. Contudo, também foi observado diferenças em relação aos lugares ocupados por homens e por mulheres. Os vínculos sociais e algumas experiências encontradas nos itinerários das mulheres emergiram como mecanismo que servem para explicar a entrada e a permanência delas na liderança sindical. Entre os tipos de vínculos, os pessoais tiveram maior relevância, e as experiências educacionais foram os recursos mais significativos para o engajamento. Constatamos que, de modo geral, o aumento de mulheres no movimento sindical está associado à participação delas no mercado de trabalho e às transformações culturais e sociais que envolvem o papel da mulher na sociedade. As sindicalistas justificaram que, a conscientização da necessidade de ocupação dos espaços políticos pelas mulheres e, principalmente, o compromisso com a classe trabalhadora foram os motivos do seu engajamento militante. / São Cristóvão, SE