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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
61

Why Work? : Comparative Studies on Welfare Regimes and Individuals' Work Orientations

Esser, Ingrid January 2005 (has links)
<p>The main purpose of this thesis is to examine how different welfare and production regimes may have structured individuals’ work orientations into cross-national patterns by the late 1990s and early 2000s. Three different aspects of work orientations are considered in the three studies. Study 1: Welfare Regimes, Production Regimes and Employment Commitment: A Multi-level analysis of Twelve OECD countries. Since the introduction of the first social insurance schemes, questions have been raised regarding the trade-off between the adequacy and equity of benefits, and their effects on individuals’ work orientations. This study examines the role of both welfare and production regime institutions for explaining cross-national patterns in individuals’ employment commitment across twelve OECD-countries in the late 1990s. Results from multi-level analyses show firstly how employment commitment is stronger within more generous welfare regimes as well as within more extensively coordinated production regimes. Secondly, institutions are found to be more important for structuring the attitudes of persons with less stable labour market attachment. Thirdly, for men, there are clear positive cross-level interaction effects between institutional structures and individuals’ socio-economic status, whereas institutions matter more equally regardless of socio-economic status for women. In relation to the concerns with the allegedly negative unintended consequences of welfare regime institutions for creating distortions, these seem to be unwarranted with regards to employment commitment. To the contrary, there appears to be a ‘paradox of employment commitment’: clearly earnings-related benefits of more generous welfare regimes appear to generate stronger commitment to take part in paid work.</p><p>Study 2: Unemployment Insurance and Work Values in Twenty-Three Welfare States. This study addresses the question of whether extended ‘social rights’, specifically in the form of unemployment insurance, is undermining people’s willingness to perform their ‘social duties’ in the form of productive work. Multi-level analyses is used to evaluate how three aspects of institutional design may explain cross-national patterns of work values across twenty-three industrialized countries in 2000. There is a consistent tendency for a positive relationship between more traditional work values with higher generosity of benefit levels as well as more demanding eligibility conditions. To the contrary, a negative relationship is found in relation to duration periods. The strength and significance of these relationships however differ across the three value dimensions studied. Firstly, the clearest pattern is found in relation to how work is valued as a ‘duty towards society’, where all institutional effects are significant. Secondly, in relation to valuations of how ‘unemployed persons should accept job offers or lose their benefits’, the positive effects of the eligibility factor are non-significant, and the negative duration effects are only significant among working men. Thirdly, in relation to how work is not valued as a ‘free choice’, institutional effects are only significant when working women within the sixteen ‘older’ welfare states are compared. The effects of economic development are inconsistent across value dimensions and in the opposite direction expected from modernization theory; more traditional work values are found to be stronger in countries with higher levels of economic development. Study 3: Continued Work or Retirement? Preferred Exit-age in Western European countries. The combination of greying populations, decreasing fertility rates and a marked trend in falling retirement age is profoundly challenging the sharing of resources and supporting responsibilities between generations in the developed world. Previous studies on earlier exit-trends have focused mainly on supply-side incentives and generally conclude that people will exit given available retirement options. Substantial cross-national variations in exit-ages however remain unexplained. This suggests that also normative factors such as attitudes to work and retirement might be of importance. Through multi-level analyses, this study evaluates how welfare regime generosity, as well as production regime coordination explains cross-national patterns of retirement preferences across twelve Western European countries. Analysis firstly shows how both men and women on average prefer to retire at 58 years, meaning on average approximately 7 or 5.5 years before statutory retirement age in the case of men and women respectively. Contrary to what is expected from previous research on supply-side factors, preferences for relatively later retirement is found within more generous welfare regimes and also within more extensively coordinated production regimes. For women, however, institutional effects do not remain once substantial cross-national differences in women’s statutory retirement ages are taken into account.</p>
62

The way we conform to paid labour : Commitment to employment and organization from a comparative perspective

Hult, Carl January 2004 (has links)
<p>This thesis compares work orientations in six Western countries (the USA, Great Britain, New Zealand, Germany, Norway, and Sweden), using data from the 1997 International Social Survey Program (ISSP). The main issue examined is whether different ‘production regimes’ correspond to levels and patterns of employment and organizational commitment among the working population.</p><p>It is concluded that the country levels of employment commitment varies depending on the institutional set-ups, with respect to production and welfare regimes, being highest in the Scandinavian countries and lowest in Great Britain and the USA. Organizational commitment varies in a more complex manner, with the strongest commitment being found in the USA and the lowest in Sweden. In all countries, the most important factor determining the level of an individual’s organizational commitment is whether the person finds his or her job interesting. This effect is independent of job satisfaction. Organizational commitment was also found to be positively and strongly correlated with right-wing political values in five of the six countries. When it comes to employment commitment, it was found that women display, often significantly, higher commitment than do men. The results suggest that the most important motivator for employment commitment is the desire for interesting work. The concluding discussion summarises and presents the main findings in schematic figures, and includes interpretative discussions focusing on future research.</p>
63

The way we conform to paid labour : Commitment to employment and organization from a comparative perspective

Hult, Carl January 2004 (has links)
This thesis compares work orientations in six Western countries (the USA, Great Britain, New Zealand, Germany, Norway, and Sweden), using data from the 1997 International Social Survey Program (ISSP). The main issue examined is whether different ‘production regimes’ correspond to levels and patterns of employment and organizational commitment among the working population. It is concluded that the country levels of employment commitment varies depending on the institutional set-ups, with respect to production and welfare regimes, being highest in the Scandinavian countries and lowest in Great Britain and the USA. Organizational commitment varies in a more complex manner, with the strongest commitment being found in the USA and the lowest in Sweden. In all countries, the most important factor determining the level of an individual’s organizational commitment is whether the person finds his or her job interesting. This effect is independent of job satisfaction. Organizational commitment was also found to be positively and strongly correlated with right-wing political values in five of the six countries. When it comes to employment commitment, it was found that women display, often significantly, higher commitment than do men. The results suggest that the most important motivator for employment commitment is the desire for interesting work. The concluding discussion summarises and presents the main findings in schematic figures, and includes interpretative discussions focusing on future research.
64

Why Work? : Comparative Studies on Welfare Regimes and Individuals' Work Orientations

Esser, Ingrid January 2005 (has links)
The main purpose of this thesis is to examine how different welfare and production regimes may have structured individuals’ work orientations into cross-national patterns by the late 1990s and early 2000s. Three different aspects of work orientations are considered in the three studies. Study 1: Welfare Regimes, Production Regimes and Employment Commitment: A Multi-level analysis of Twelve OECD countries. Since the introduction of the first social insurance schemes, questions have been raised regarding the trade-off between the adequacy and equity of benefits, and their effects on individuals’ work orientations. This study examines the role of both welfare and production regime institutions for explaining cross-national patterns in individuals’ employment commitment across twelve OECD-countries in the late 1990s. Results from multi-level analyses show firstly how employment commitment is stronger within more generous welfare regimes as well as within more extensively coordinated production regimes. Secondly, institutions are found to be more important for structuring the attitudes of persons with less stable labour market attachment. Thirdly, for men, there are clear positive cross-level interaction effects between institutional structures and individuals’ socio-economic status, whereas institutions matter more equally regardless of socio-economic status for women. In relation to the concerns with the allegedly negative unintended consequences of welfare regime institutions for creating distortions, these seem to be unwarranted with regards to employment commitment. To the contrary, there appears to be a ‘paradox of employment commitment’: clearly earnings-related benefits of more generous welfare regimes appear to generate stronger commitment to take part in paid work. Study 2: Unemployment Insurance and Work Values in Twenty-Three Welfare States. This study addresses the question of whether extended ‘social rights’, specifically in the form of unemployment insurance, is undermining people’s willingness to perform their ‘social duties’ in the form of productive work. Multi-level analyses is used to evaluate how three aspects of institutional design may explain cross-national patterns of work values across twenty-three industrialized countries in 2000. There is a consistent tendency for a positive relationship between more traditional work values with higher generosity of benefit levels as well as more demanding eligibility conditions. To the contrary, a negative relationship is found in relation to duration periods. The strength and significance of these relationships however differ across the three value dimensions studied. Firstly, the clearest pattern is found in relation to how work is valued as a ‘duty towards society’, where all institutional effects are significant. Secondly, in relation to valuations of how ‘unemployed persons should accept job offers or lose their benefits’, the positive effects of the eligibility factor are non-significant, and the negative duration effects are only significant among working men. Thirdly, in relation to how work is not valued as a ‘free choice’, institutional effects are only significant when working women within the sixteen ‘older’ welfare states are compared. The effects of economic development are inconsistent across value dimensions and in the opposite direction expected from modernization theory; more traditional work values are found to be stronger in countries with higher levels of economic development. Study 3: Continued Work or Retirement? Preferred Exit-age in Western European countries. The combination of greying populations, decreasing fertility rates and a marked trend in falling retirement age is profoundly challenging the sharing of resources and supporting responsibilities between generations in the developed world. Previous studies on earlier exit-trends have focused mainly on supply-side incentives and generally conclude that people will exit given available retirement options. Substantial cross-national variations in exit-ages however remain unexplained. This suggests that also normative factors such as attitudes to work and retirement might be of importance. Through multi-level analyses, this study evaluates how welfare regime generosity, as well as production regime coordination explains cross-national patterns of retirement preferences across twelve Western European countries. Analysis firstly shows how both men and women on average prefer to retire at 58 years, meaning on average approximately 7 or 5.5 years before statutory retirement age in the case of men and women respectively. Contrary to what is expected from previous research on supply-side factors, preferences for relatively later retirement is found within more generous welfare regimes and also within more extensively coordinated production regimes. For women, however, institutional effects do not remain once substantial cross-national differences in women’s statutory retirement ages are taken into account.
65

Les relations entres les générations, les valeurs au travail et les comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle

Girard, Sandrine 12 1900 (has links)
Notre recherche a pour but de mieux comprendre les comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle et plus particulièrement ce qui peut les favoriser ou les défavoriser. Nous en avons retenu cinq pour notre recherche: les comportements de vertu civique, d’esprit d’équipe, conformistes, de courtoisie et d’altruisme Nous avons choisi d’étudier l’influence des valeurs au travail sur ces comportements et notre objectif est de vérifier l’influence de 28 valeurs au travail sur nos cinq comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle. Par ailleurs, nous avons choisi d’inclure à notre modèle de recherche la variable des générations. Nous cherchons à savoir si les valeurs au travail peuvent changer en fonction de l’appartenance d’un individu à l’une des 4 générations présentes sur le marché du travail (Vétérans, Baby Boomers, X et Y) et si le fait d’appartenir à une géné-ration plutôt qu’une autre aura un impact sur les comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle. Les données ont été collectées au sein de la firme de sondage l’Observateur. Au total, 278 questionnaires sont utilisables dans le cadre de notre recherche. Des analyses de régression hiérarchiques ont permis de vérifier la capacité explicative des valeurs sur les comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle. Des tests post hoc de Scheffé ont permis de vérifier l’existence de différences de valeurs entre les générations et des analyses de variance nous ont permis de vérifier l’influence des générations sur les comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle. Les résultats indiquent que des liens significatifs existent entre les valeurs et les comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle permettant ainsi de confirmer l’influence favorable ou défavorable de certaines valeurs parmi les 28 à l’étude sur nos cinq comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle. En ce qui a trait aux différences existan-tes entre nos générations à l’étude, les résultats nous révèlent qu’elles sont beaucoup moins importantes que ce que la littérature nous laisse penser. Finalement, nos résultats ne nous permettent pas de confirmer que certaines générations sont plus disposées que d’autres à adopter des comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle. Mots-clés : valeurs au travail, génération, comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle. / Our research aims to better understand organizational citizenship behaviors and in particular, which individual values can promote or disadvantage them. We selected five such behaviors for sour research: civic virtue, sportsmanship, conscientiousness, courtesy and altruism. We chose to study influence of 28 individually-hold work-related values on these five organizational citizenship behaviors. We also chose to include generations as an antecedent of work values. Respondents were sorted into four generation still active in the labor market (i.e., Veterans, Baby Boomers, X, Y. We also investigated whether belonging to a generation rather than another has an impact on organizational citizenship behaviors. Data were collected by a survey firm called Observateur. In total, 278 questionnaires were used in the context of our research. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to assess the explanatory power of values on organizational citizenship behaviors. Post hoc Scheffé tests verified the existence of differences in values between generations and an analysis of variance allowed us to check the influence of generations of organizational citizenship behaviors. The results suggest significant associations between values and organizational citizenship behaviors thus confirming the positive or negative influence of certain values on five organizational citizenship behaviors. With respect to the differences in values between generations, the results reveal that they are much smaller than the literature suggests. Finally, our results show that belonging to a generation rather than another has no significant impact on organizational citizenship behaviors. Keywords: work values, generation, organizational citizenship behaviors
66

OTIMISMO, SUPORTE SOCIAL E VALORES DO TRABALHO COMO ANTECEDENTES DE BEM ESTAR SUBJETIVO DE TRABALHADORES / Optimism, Social Support and Work Values as Precedents of Subjective Well-Being of Workers

Freitas, Lucia Helena Walendy de 10 December 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:34:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lucia Helena Walendy.pdf: 1041646 bytes, checksum: ccdcbb7fc5aa678977a7aa17e5de4a42 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-10 / The goal of this study was to verify the capacity of optimism, social support and work values as being predictors of subjective well-being, as well as to analyze the relations of the demographic variables with this study s variables, describe them and examine the relations between them. The sample consisted of 47 men and 101 women with average age of 41 years (SD = 10,72) who sought for help in an institution for their professional transition. The gathering data instrument was an auto fill questionnaire composed by five measures included in the study: optimism, perception of social support, work values, general satisfaction with life and positive and negative affects, as well as demographic variable: sex, age, studies, volunteering, work, marital status and time at the institution. Descriptive statistic analyses were done, differences between averages, correlations and variable analyses were tested and models of linear regressions were calculated. The relations among study variables and demographic variables revealed that people who do not study notice to have more practical support (tangible and appraisal supports) and give more importance to motivations of auto-promotion and prestige than the ones who study. The youngest aging up to 30 report that they notice having more emotional and practical support (tangible and appraisal supports) than the oldest ones. With the advance of age, the perceptions of emotional and social support decrease, however people older than 50 revealed less negative affect and more satisfaction with life than the youngest. Married individuals revealed to give less importance than separated, divorced and widowers, etc. to the stability at work and financial security; single individuals revealed to have more negative affects than married ones. Men related to feel more satisfied with life, to have more positive affects and less negative affects than women. The ones who do volunteer work revealed to be more optimistic and to have less negative affects than the ones who don t. Data revealed that the researched have a good level of optimism and a perception of emotional support higher than the perception of practical support (tangible and appraisal supports); they are motivated mainly by goals of achievement at work and by stability and financial security; they feel indifferent towards satisfaction with life; present positive affects a little above indifference, however they feel little negative affects. Deriving from this, a little more than two thirds of the investigated present prevailing of emotional positive state over the negative. The optimism was the variable which established more and higher associations; it positively correlated with values of achievement at work, with values of social relations, with values of prestigious work, with satisfaction with life and positive affects; and it negatively correlated with negative affects. The perception of emotional support positively correlated with values of prestige, positive affects and with satisfaction with life; and correlated negatively with negative affects. The perception of practical support (tangible and appraisal supports) did not present significant correlations with any study variable. Positive affects positively correlated with work values of social relations and with values of prestigious work. From the analyses of three predictive models it was found that optimism and emotional support echoes positively over satisfaction with life and positive affects. Optimism echoes negatively over negative affects. Values of prestigious work echoes positively over positive affects. Stability values echo negatively over satisfaction with life and positive affects; and positively over negative affects. The results of this study have shown that the optimistic state is a powerful positive impact factor over the health state called subjective well-being.(AU) / Este estudo teve por objetivo verificar a capacidade de otimismo, de suporte social e de valores do trabalho serem preditores de bem estar subjetivo, bem como analisar as relações de variáveis demográficas com essas variáveis de estudo, descrevê-las e examinar as relações entre elas. A amostra consistiu de 47 homens e de 101 mulheres com idade média de 41,00 anos (DP =10,72) que buscavam apoio em instituição para sua transição profissional. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário de autopreenchimento composto por cinco medidas que aferiram as variáveis incluídas no estudo: otimismo, percepção de suporte social, valores do trabalho, satisfação geral com a vida e afetos positivos e negativos, bem como variáveis demográficas: sexo, idade, estudo, trabalho, voluntariado, estado civil e permanência na instituição. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas descritivas, testadas diferenças entre médias, correlações, análise de variância e calculados modelos de regressão linear múltipla. As relações das variáveis de estudo com variáveis demográficas revelaram que as pessoas que não estudam percebem ter mais suporte prático e dão mais importância a motivações de autopromoção e de prestígio do que as que estudam. Os mais jovens com até 30 anos relataram que se percebem tendo mais apoio emocional e prático do que os mais velhos. Com o avanço da idade diminuem as percepções de suporte emocional e prático, contudo as pessoas com mais de 50 anos revelaram menos afetos negativos e maior satisfação com a vida do que os mais jovens. Casados revelaram dar menos importância do que separados, divorciados, viúvos, etc. à estabilidade no trabalho e segurança financeira; solteiros revelaram ter mais afetos negativos do que os casados. Homens relataram se sentir mais satisfeitos com a vida, ter mais afetos positivos e menos afetos negativos que mulheres. Quem realiza trabalho voluntário revelou ser mais otimista e ter menos afetos negativos do que aqueles que não realizam. Os dados revelaram que os pesquisados têm um bom nível de otimismo e uma percepção de suporte emocional maior do que a percepção de suporte prático; são motivados, principalmente por metas de realização no trabalho e de estabilidade e segurança financeira; sentem-se indiferentes quanto à satisfação com a vida; apresentam afetos positivos um pouco acima da indiferença; contudo sentem poucos afetos negativos. Disso decorre que um pouco mais de dois terços dos pesquisados apresentaram predominância de estados emocionais positivos sobre os negativos. O otimismo foi a variável que estabeleceu associações mais altas e em maior quantidade; correlacionou positivamente com valores de realização no trabalho, com valores de relações sociais, com valores do trabalho de prestígio, com satisfação com a vida e com afetos positivos; e correlacionou negativamente com afetos negativos. A percepção de suporte emocional correlacionou positivamente com valores de prestígio, afetos positivos e com satisfação com a vida; e correlacionou negativamente com afetos negativos. Percepção de suporte prático não apresentou correlações significativas com nenhuma variável de estudo. Afetos positivos correlacionaram-se positivamente com valores do trabalho de relações sociais e com valores do trabalho de prestígio. A partir da análise de três modelos preditivos encontrou-se que otimismo e suporte emocional repercutem positivamente sobre a satisfação com a vida e sobre afetos positivos. Otimismo repercute negativamente sobre afetos negativos. Valores do trabalho de prestígio repercutem positivamente sobre afetos positivos. Valores de estabilidade repercutem negativamente sobre satisfação com a vida e sobre afetos positivos; e positivamente sobre afetos negativos. Os resultados deste estudo mostraram que o estado otimista é um poderoso fator de impacto positivo sobre o estado de saúde denominado bem estar subjetivo.(AU)
67

Valeurs culturelles, Styles organisationnels et comportements de citoyenneté chez les managers des multinationales implantées en Tunisie / Cultural values, organizational styles and citizenship behaviors among managers of multinational companies operating in Tunisia

Kridis, Alya 13 January 2015 (has links)
Cette recherche a pour objectif d’examiner les effets des dynamiques interactionnelles entre systèmes de valeurs individuelles et organisationnelles sur le fonctionnement des entreprises, dans un contexte de diversité culturelle. Il s’agit d’identifier les valeurs culturelles des managers opérant dans des filiales de multinationales implantées en Tunisie et leur congruence avec les styles organisationnels. Notre intérêt porte particulièrement sur les dimensions liées à la culture et au climat organisationnels et leurs contributions dans le déploiement des comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle.Les résultats mettent en exergue un style organisationnel intégrateur reflétant une congruence entre les valeurs des managers et les valeurs de l’organisation. L’analyse des comportements et des attitudes des managers a permis d’identifier les styles organisationnels susceptibles de favoriser des comportements de citoyenneté. L’analyse corrélationnelle montre que le climat organisationnel est un bon prédicteur des comportements de citoyenneté. / This research aims to study the effects of dynamic interactional between individual and organizational values system on how firms operate in a context of cultural diversity. It comes to identify the cultural values of managers working in multinational subsidiaries operating in Tunisia and their congruence with organizational styles. Our interest is particularly on dimensions related to organizational culture and climate and their contributions in the deployment of organizational citizenship behaviors. The results highlight an organizational integrator style reflecting congruence between the values of managers and values of the organization. The analysis of the behavior and attitudes of managers identified organizational styles might encourage citizenship behavior. The correlational analysis shows that the organizational climate is a good predictor of citizenship behavior.
68

Valores individuais e valores organizacionais: uma contribuição para o estudo de congruências

Pereira, Edson Luiz 14 September 2006 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:26:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edson Luiz Pereira - ADM2006.pdf: 1001249 bytes, checksum: d39d550ba90d536d680924e6e166a325 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-09-14 / This work aimed a fit analysis between individual and Organizational Values, and the purpose of search for differences between sub units in an organization. Differently from P-O Fit studies, that use to evaluate fit using a single instrument to measure Personal and Organizational Values, this research added to the analysis the Work Values system and the hierarchy and, used three different instruments, validated to Brazilian culture to the measurement of values ( EVP Personal Values Scale, EVT Work Values Scale and IPVO Organizational Values Scale), all of them are based on the General Values Theory. This work is a descriptive research that used quantitative methodology. The data was collected using a closed questionnaire in a sample of 397 individuals, sub divided in three sub units of a service organization. The results made evident that congruencies vary according to the sub units and that the work values allow us to identify a bigger number of positive or negative congruencies. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar as congruências entre os Valores Individuais e os Valores Organizacionais, com o propósito de verificar diferenças entre subunidades da organização. De forma diversa dos estudos de P-O Fit que avaliam as congruências por meio de um único instrumento para a avaliação dos Valores Pessoais e Valores Organizacionais, esta pesquisa acrescentou à análise o sistema de Valores Relativos ao Trabalho e a hierarquia. Três instrumentos validados para a cultura brasileira foram utilizados para a mensuração de valores (EVP Escala de Valores Pessoais, EVT Escala de Valores Relativos ao Trabalho e IPVO Inventário de Perfis de Valores Organizacionais), todos baseados na Teoria Geral de Valores. Este trabalho caracterizou-se por uma pesquisa descritiva, e utilizou metodologia quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados mediante questionário fechado a uma amostra de 397 sujeitos, subdivididos em três subunidades de uma organização de serviços. Os resultados evidenciaram que as congruências variam de acordo com a subunidade e que os Valores Relativos ao Trabalho permitem a identificação de um maior número de relações de congruências positivas ou negativas.
69

Work commitment : Its dimensions and relationships with role stress and intention to quit

Hoole, Crystal January 1997 (has links)
A renewed interest in work has developed world-wide during the last decade. One of the reasons for this is that organizations are responding to the changing economic, social, technological and environmental demands in ways that are fundamentally transforming the nature of organizations and the meaning of work for employees. Work has changed tremendously, not only in nature but also its importance. The current demands placed on organizations and employees include, among others, global competition, cost-cutting, downsizing and restructuring and information processing on a large scale. It is intuitive to think that these changes and demands will affect employees in some way or the other. For many employees changes brought different job descriptions, more roles to fulfil and more complicated tasks to complete with more uncertainty and less clear-cut instructions. The work commitment construct has been part of a lively debate since Morrow's (1983) call for a moratorium on the development of further work commitment measures due to the existence of concept redundancy within and among the work commitment facets. It has been proposed that the work commitment construct consists of four main facets i.e. job involvement, organizational commitment, career commitment and work values. It has been unclear up to now on how these facets are interrelated. The relationships between the work commitment facets, role strain and intention to quit have also not been studied together in a single study before. The current study investigated the underlying dimensions of the work commitment construct, the underlying dimensions of each proposed facet, as well as determined the relationships among the work commitment facets, role strain and intention to quit, based on a large diverse South African sample. This was done by using Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses, the calculation of intercorrelations and Structural Equation Modeling. Each instrument was standardized for South African conditions. The results indicated that although the instruments were portable to South Africa, unique results and factors were obtained. Promising results were obtained with regard to the causal relationships among the variables. / Thesis (DPhil)--University of Pretoria, 1997. / gm2014 / Psychology / Unrestricted
70

Qualidade de vida no trabalho e valores do trabalho : percepções dos trabalhadores da indústria da construção civil de Campos do Jordão / Quality of life at work and work values: perceptions of workers in the construction industry in Campos do Jordão

Maria Madalena de Souza Santos 26 April 2016 (has links)
Este trabalho objetiva verificar a percepção e correlacionar as possíveis relações entre a qualidade de vida no trabalho e os valores do trabalho em profissionais da construção civil da cidade de Campos do Jordão (SP). A amostra é composta por 20 engenheiros e/ou arquitetos, 57 empreiteiros e/ ou construtores e 136 operacionais. A pesquisa é descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa e correlacional. Os resultados da caracterização sociodemográfica apontam que a maioria dos operacionais tem idade inferior a 35 anos e o grupo com o menor grau de instrução é o dos empreiteiros/ construtores. A falta de qualificação dos profissionais também foi confirmada. As médias dos fatores da qualidade de vida no trabalho apontam que os trabalhadores estão parcialmente satisfeitos. Os resultados em relação à escala de valores ao trabalho, na percepção dos profissionais, são extremamente importantes. No grupo dos engenheiros/ arquitetos e no dos operacionais há uma relação consistente entre os fatores ambientais e comportamentais. O grupo dos operacionais apresentou também relação consistente para os fatores organizacionais e comportamentais. No grupo dos empreiteiros/ construtores também se observa uma relação consistente entre os fatores realização no trabalho e estabilidade dos valores relativos ao trabalho. A correlação entre os fatores da qualidade de vida no trabalho, valores relativos ao trabalho e as variáveis de caracterização sociodemográfica, segundo a percepção dos profissionais entrevistados, demonstra que esses fatores devem ser tratados de forma independente e cautelosa. Conclui-se que mesmo com resultados favoráveis para a qualidade de vida no trabalho e valores do trabalho há muito o que fazer para os profissionais dessa indústria de Campos do Jordão. Pesquisas, ações e projetos com enfoque na qualidade de vida no trabalho e valores do trabalho devem ser trabalhados com esses profissionais em busca da satisfação laboral. / This study aims at verifying the construction workforces perception of quality of life at work and work values in the city of Campos do Jordão (SP), in addition to determining a possible correlation between them. The sample consisted of 20 engineers and / or architects, 57 contractors and / or industry entrepreneurs and 136 operational workers. The research was descriptive with quantitative and correlational approaches. The results to the social-demographic characterization reveals that most of que operational workers are less than 35 years old and the group with the lowest level of education includes the building contractor/builder. The lack of qualification from professionals was also confirmed. The average of the factors of quality of life at work pinpoint that workers are partially satisfied. The results in relation to the Scale of work values in the perspective of professionals are extremely important. It was observed in the engineers/architects and operational workers that there is a consistent relashionship between the environmental and behavioral factors and the operational staff group showed consistent relashionship between organizational and behavioral factors. In the building contractors/builders group the consistent relashionship was observed between realization at work and stability of the values related to work factors. The correlation between the factors of quality of working life , work values and the variables of social- demographic characterization according to the perception of professionals in the construction industry in Campos do Jordão, shows that this factors must be dealt in a independence and cautious fashion. We concluded that even with favorable results to quality of life at work and work values, there is a lot to do to professionals of this industry in Campos do Jordão. Researches, actions and projects with emphasis on quality of life at work and values relating to work must be applied alongside with these professionals, pursuing labor satisfaction.

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