Problems that face teachers, especially those in secondary schools, are discussed. How they have developed over the years to what is now considered to be a crisis level, the increase in absenteeism and illness of the teaching force are also reviewed. A review of existing material explains the nature of stress. The psychobiological aspects are reviewed paying particular attention to the many coping mechanisms that the person will employ and explains how perceptions of situations can play a vital role. Factors that create stress for the teacher are discussed and categorised into familiar sections including pupils, working conditions, working in an organisation, the effects of management, the self concept and role conflict. Selection, training, assessment, pay and promotion are dealt with together in an additional category. Results from a Questionnaire completed by teachers from four local education authorities provides additional material to be considered and reinforces many of the previous claims and observations. After the findings are discussed, conclusions and recommendations are made for the improvement of morale and the reduction of stress in the teaching profession. Many of the conclusions made are linked closely to the self concept of the teacher. This self concept appears to be the focal point at which the problems besetting the teacher meet and are dealt with in either a positive or negative manner. Many of the recommendations made have the effect on the self concept of the teacher as a prominent feature. The stress provoking situations experienced by teachers seem to be reaching unacceptable levels. The physical and mental welfare of teachers is called upon to be monitored in order to reduce the harmful effects that poorly motivated teachers may have on pupils and in order to reduce the physical and mental difficulties apparently being suffered by the teaching profession.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Alnarp : Sveriges lantbruksuniv. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Examensarbete.

Diss. Stockholm : Univ., 2004. / 3.-4. [tr.], 2005.

Diss. Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2008.

Pesquisa realizada em um Centro Integrado de Saúde inserido no âmbito de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior Particular, situada no Município do Rio de Janeiro. Metodologia fundamentada em uma abordagem quantitativa, não-experimental, apoiada na estatística inferencial descritiva, baseada no problema de estudo: Quais os fatores que caracterizam as condições de trabalho em um Centro Integrado de Saúde (CIS)? Teve como objetivo, analisar a visão dos trabalhadores em um Centro Integrado de Saúde acerca de suas condições de trabalho. Utilizou-se uma população constituída de 73 trabalhadores. Foram aplicados dois instrumentos: o caderno B, que consta de um questionário auto-aplicativo sobre Riscos e Danos e o caderno C que é um formulário de observação sobre as condições de trabalho de Mauro & Mauro (2009) adaptado de Boix e Vogel (1997). Os dados foram analisados através do Programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 13.0. Na visão dos trabalhadores, os resultados em relação aos riscos (físico, químico, biológico, ergonômico e de acidente) e considerando as variáveis desconhece, não acontece, raramente e freqüentemente, os mesmos indicaram uma freqüência diversificada, embora a maior incidência esteja no grupo de risco biológico com a variável freqüentemente e nos demais a variável raramente. Quanto aos problemas de saúde evidenciados, no questionário B em ordem decrescente, os que se destacaram foram os problemas oculares; lesão por acidente; varizes; dor de cabeça; hipertensão; doenças infecciosas; lombalgias; lesão da coluna vertebral; dores musculares crônicas; problemas de articulação e estresse. Quanto aos resultados do Caderno C, através de observação pelos especialistas, os riscos são variáveis, destacando-se os riscos ergonômicos, os de acidentes e os biológicos. Conclui-se que as condições de trabalho não são satisfatórias evidenciando-se a falta de conhecimento sobre o conteúdo da investigação, assinalados as respostas na alternativa (desconhece) e da aplicação correta das medidas de prevenção de riscos ocupacionais. Recomenda-se neste sentido uma incorporação institucional dos trabalhadores valorizando a capacitação desses profissionais de saúde, com ênfase na promoção da saúde, segurança, meio ambiente de trabalho e os conhecimentos de ergonomia. Como também uma atuação integrada do Serviço Especializado em Engenharia e em Medicina do Trabalho (SESMT) com a Comissão de Biossegurança, além do incentivo à gestão participativa, educação continuada efetiva, e a criação do Comitê de Ergonomia, para a análise e intervenção das propostas. / Research took place in an integrated health center inserted in the ambit of a private college degree institution, in the county of Rio de Janeiro. Methodology based on quantitative approach, non-experimental, based on the descriptive with inference statistics, based on the problem of study: Which factors characterized the working conditions in an integrated health center (IHC)? The objective was, to analyze the point of view of workers in an integrated health center about their working conditions. It was used a population of 73 workers. Two instruments were applied: the copybook B, that has a questionnaire self-explanatory about risks and damages and the copybook C that is a form of observation about the working conditions from Mauro & Mauro (2009) adapted from Boix and Vogel (1997). The data was analyzed through the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 13.0. In the workers' point of view the results according to risks ( physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and from incident) and considered the variables " do not know", " does not happen", " rarely" and " usually", they indicated a diverse frequency, although the highest incidence be in the biological group with "the option usually" and in the others " the option rarely". When it comes to the health problems evidenced, in the questionnaire B in decreasing order the highlighted ones were ocular problems, injury from incidents, varicose veins, headache, hypertension, infectious diseases, back pain, hurt backbone, chronicle muscular pains, joint problems and stress. The results in copybook C, through observations by the experts, the risks can vary, highlighting the ergonomic ones, the ones from incidents and the biological. We can conclude that the working conditions are not satisfactory showing the lack of knowledge about the investigation content, checked the answers in the option (do not know) and in the correct application of occupational risk prevention methods. It is recommended that one workers institutional incorporation to valorize the health professionals capacity, with emphasis in health promotion, safety, work environment and knowledge about ergonomics. Also one integrated performance from the Special Service in engineering and Labor Medicine ( SESMT-in Portuguese) with the biosafety commission, in addition stimulus to participatory management, continued effective education, and the creation of a ergonomics committee, to the analysis and interventions of the suggestion.

While much is known about what contributes to teacher attrition, there is less research on those who leave teaching positions to work as a union representative. The purpose of this study was to explore how three teacher union representatives frame their experiences with mobility, leadership, and advocacy in education. The research question was: How do former teachers enter and perform the role of teacher union representative? The sub-level questions were: a) How do they story their transition from teaching students to representing teachers? b) How do they frame the responsibility of teacher unions and teacher union representatives to advocate? Data were collected using semi-structured interviews, examined for story elements and plot, and interpreted using a framework on working conditions (House, 1981). The major theme was that educators left their positions as teachers in response to emotional, instrumental, informational and appraisal factors, namely discrepancies between what they wanted and what was provided as part of their working conditions. The findings are: 1) Working conditions pushed educators to pursue union leadership, 2) Professional responsibilities of a Union Representative varied 3) Issues for which Union Representatives advocated involved the improvement of working conditions. The findings are discussed, as are implications for revising the theoretical framework for use in future studies with regard to the fluidity of the advocacy process, and the long-term sustainability of American Educational Unions. Recommended are longitudinal studies to determine how teacher union representatives’ frame their narratives of working conditions and advocacy in response to changes in legislation, including union decertification, over time. Keywords: advocacy, union representation, working conditions, administrators, teacher’s rights, framing and professional mobility.

My thesis has dealt with the topic of impact of work environment on employee motivation in the selected company and its aim was to briefly literally introduce the issue of human resources and personnel management conditions, further to shed a light on the importance of ergonomics and the impact of working conditions on employees' motivation as well as their subsequent remuneration options. The methodology part includes the interviews with employees of the selected company, which were needed to determine primary information and follow-up survey, where the topic of the impact of working conditions on staff motivation and performance was specified. The outcome of the thesis is to propose innovative improvement measures leading to positive changes in the area of human resource management. This ought to result in the improvement of both the physical condition of workers and their satisfaction and motivation to administer the best possible job performance; not only currently, but even henceforth. All proposals for improving are processed with an approximate cost of the realization in case of potential interest, which has been significantly shown by company Unterer Ltd.

O setor fumageiro no Brasil vem contribuindo expressivamente para o crescimento da economia nacional, em especial para o desenvolvimento da região do Vale do Rio Pardo, no estado do Rio Grande do sul. No entanto, os pequenos fumicultores desta região carecem de mais atenção no que se refere a sua saúde. Para atingir o nível de qualidade exigido, o trabalho desenvolvido nestas lavouras expõe estes trabalhadores a intempéries climáticas, a adoção de posturas desfavoráveis, exigindo também o emprego de grande esforço físico. A associação destes fatores de risco podem favorecer o surgimento de problemas de saúde, além de alterações no desempenho funcional, que em curto ou longo prazo podem levar ao afastamento do trabalho. Este estudo buscou levantar dados a respeito da situação atual de saúde dos fumicultores, bem como mapear o processo produtivo de fumo nestas pequenas propriedades e realizar uma análise ergonômica deste. Através da comparação dos dados coletados com os encontrados na literatura, foi possível verificar que as condições de trabalho podem estar influenciando nas condições de saúde e segurança desta população. A partir de então, foram formuladas propostas de ações que visam melhorar estas condições laborais, assim como diminuir sua influência na saúde e segurança destes trabalhadores. / The tobacco sector in Brazil has grown in recent years, contributing significantly to the growth of national economy, specially the development of Vale do Rio Pardo, in state of Rio Grande do Sul. However, the small tobacco growers in this region require further attention regarding to their health, because to achieve the required quality, the work developed in these crops exposes these workers to bad weather, the adoption of awkward postures and required the use of excessive physical efforts. The association of these risk factors can favor the appearance of health problems, changes in performance, that in short or long term can lead to a great absenteeism. This study aimed to collect data about the current health state of local tobacco growers, map the production process of tobacco in these smaller properties and perform an ergonomic analysis. By comparing the data collected with the data found in the literature it was concluded that working conditions can be influencing the health and safety of this population. From then, there were formulated proposals of actions that aim to improve the work conditions, as well as to reduce his influence in the health and security of these workers.

Submitted by Diogo Misoguti (diogo.misoguti@gmail.com) on 2018-04-26T13:19:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese-15278.pdf: 1972023 bytes, checksum: 78202b7c664ccd82fe643533af6e484f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vera Lúcia Guimarães de Mendonça (vlgmendonca@unifesp.br) on 2018-04-26T13:23:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese-15278.pdf: 1972023 bytes, checksum: 78202b7c664ccd82fe643533af6e484f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-26T13:23:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese-15278.pdf: 1972023 bytes, checksum: 78202b7c664ccd82fe643533af6e484f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Estudo epidemiológico com desenho transversal e objetivo de analisar as associações da situação sociodemográficas e condições de trabalho dos profissionais do sexo (PS) e a sua percepção da qualidade de vida, na região central do Município de São Paulo. A amostra foi de 96 indivíduos que se auto identificaram como mulheres, homens ou travestis. Instrumentos: questionário sóciodemográfico e de condições de trabalho e o WHOQOL-Bref. Resultados: os PS tinham em média 31 anos (±7,3); maior parte do Estado e Município de São Paulo; maioria do sexo masculino, heterossexual, branco, solteiro, não possuía filhos e tinha ensino médio incompleto. Proporcionalmente, os homens praticavam mais atividade física regularmente e fumavam mais; enquanto as mulheres consumiam mais álcool e os travestis mais drogas. A maioria procurou os serviços públicos de saúde e apresentou problemas de saúde nos últimos 5 anos. Os travestis foram os que mais procuraram os serviços de saúde e no setor público. A maioria dos motivos que levaram os PS a procurar esses serviços foram os exames de rotina e aqueles para DST/HIV. A média de horas trabalhadas por dia foi de 7,8h (±3,8) e o atendimento foi de 6 (±4,1) clientes por dia. As mulheres atendiam mais clientes; os travestis informaram rendimento médio mensal maior provavelmente por cobrarem mais pelo atendimento. A idade média da primeira relação sexual enquanto PS foi 16,8 anos (±3,8). A prática sexual anal era a mais utilizada pelos homens e travestis; relataram uso de preservativo masculino em todas as relações e a maioria das mulheres não faziam uso de anticoncepcional. A maioria não era contribuinte do INSS. Quase metade dos entrevistados já havia sofrido algum tipo de violência e os travestis eram as maiores vítimas. Quanto à percepção de qualidade de vida, o escore mais alto foi para o domínio psicológico para as três categorias. Os travestis apresentaram pontuação mais alta para QV geral e os homens para a satisfação com a saúde. Verificou-se associação estatisticamente significante (p<0,05) em todos os domínios e em QV geral com horas de trabalho. E a melhor pontuação de QV geral dos PS foram as variáveis ensino médio completo, ausência de filhos e 5 a 10 horas diárias de trabalho (p<0,05). A média de clientes apresentou associação significativa em todos os domínios exceto na QV geral. Tiveram melhores escores os PS que atendiam menos de cinco clientes por dia. Diante desses resultados, identificou-se a necessidade de políticas públicas de saúde voltadas ao desenvolvimento de medidas preventivas visando à promoção da saúde do profissional do sexo; e trabalhistas, como qualquer ocupação com direitos e deveres. / Epidemiological study with cross design and purpose of analyzing the socio-demographic situation and associations working conditions of sex workers (SW) and their perception of the quality of life in the central region of São Paulo. The sampling of 96 individuals who identified themselves as women, men or transvestites. Instruments: sociodemographic questionnaire and working conditions and the WHOQOL-Bref. Results: the SW had on average 31 years (± 7.3); most from the State and city of São Paulo; most male, heterosexual, white, unmarried, with no children and incomplete high school education. Proportionally, men practiced more physical activity regularly and smoked more; while women consumed more alcohol and the transvestites more drugs. The majority searched public health services and health problems in the last 5 years. Among those who sought the public health service, the majority did not present health problems over the past five years. The transvestites were the most searched health services and in the public sector. Most of the reasons that led the SW to seek these services were routine examinations and those for STD/HIV. The average number of hours worked per day was 7.8h (± 3.8) and the service was of 6 (± 4.1) clients per day. Women attended more customers; however, the average monthly income informed by transvestites was greater probably by charging more for servicing. The medium age of first sexual intercourse while being SW was 16.8 years (± 3.8). The anal intercourse was the most used, and they reported the use of male condom in all relationships, and women did not made use of any birth control. The majority was not taxpayer by social security. Nearly half of those surveyed had already suffered some type of violence and the transvestites were the main victim. As for the perception of quality of life, the highest score was for the psychological domain for the three categories. The transvestites had better quality of life and men better health satisfaction. It was found a statistically significant association (p<0.05) in all areas and in general working hours with QOL. And the best overall quality of life index belonged to the SW who worked between 5 and 10 (p<0.05) hours per day compared to the others. Average customers presented significant associations in all areas except General QOL. SW who attended fewer than five clients a day had better scores. Based on those results, it was identified the need for public health policies aimed at the development of preventive measures focusing health promotion for sex workers; and labor policies as well as for any other occupation with rights and duties.