A interação entre instituições heterogêneas tem sido cada vez mais necessária para obter e disponibilizar informações e serviços para seus usuários internos e externos. Esta interação tem sido sustentada principalmente pelo uso das novas tecnologias da informação e comunicação. A interoperabilidade entre instituições heterogêneas garante esta interação e proporciona vários benefícios como, por exemplo, utilizar toda a plataforma legada das instituições e ainda permitir a interação entre os sistemas. Entretanto, para que esta interoperabilidade seja possível é necessária a definição de conceitos comuns que padronizam e orientam as interações entre as instituições. Através destes conceitos comuns, as instituições podem trocar informações entre si e ainda manter sua independência e as particularidades em seus sistemas internos. Em nosso trabalho, propomos um Modelo para Interoperabilidade entre Instituições Heterogêneas (MIIH). A especificação das regras de interação e, especificamente, os protocolos de interoperabilidade entre as instituições são escritas usando JamSession, que é uma plataforma para a coordenação de serviços de software heterogêneos e distribuídos. O modelo também define uma arquitetura baseada em Artefatos do Conhecimento Institucionais para lidar com as conexões com os sistemas das instituições. Estes Artefatos do Conhecimento Institucionais são baseados no conceito geral de Artefatos do Conhecimento, ou seja, \"objetos que contêm e transmitem uma representação utilizável do conhecimento\". Os Artefatos do Conhecimento Institucionais são padrões arquitetônicos recorrentes que são observados no projeto de mecanismos de interoperabilidade para conectar instituições heterogêneas e são usados como uma descrição de alto nível da arquitetura para um projeto de sistema. Eles funcionam como padrões arquiteturais pré-concebidos que norteiam e padronizam as interações e, portanto, a interoperabilidade organizacional e semântica entre as instituições. Os Artefatos do Conhecimento Institucionais são fundamentados sobre uma ontologia de conceitos relevantes para os serviços destas instituições, cujo nível de abstração pode variar, dependendo do nível de integração necessário para as instituições - quanto mais sofisticada a interação, mais detalhes devem ser representados explicitamente na ontologia. Os Artefatos do Conhecimento Institucionais implementados também se comunicam com a camada de interação com o usuário, baseada em mundos virtuais, para garantir a comunicação adequada com estes usuários. Além do modelo conceitual proposto, apresentamos como resultado deste trabalho, um exemplo de uso do MIIH no contexto das instituições relacionadas à herança cultural (museus, galerias, colecionadores, etc.). Tendo reconhecido que este contexto dos museus é importante para toda a sociedade, verificamos mais profundamente o funcionamento dos museus e suas interações entre si e com seus usuários. Identificamos neste cenário a aplicação direta de nosso projeto, uma vez que a interoperabilidade entre os museus é fundamental para o desempenho de suas funções e a interoperabilidade com seus usuários define a razão de sua existência, conforme identificamos na definição de museu apresentada pela UNESCO. Este exemplo de uso é construído seguindo a metodologia proposta neste trabalho e serve para mostrar a utilização do nosso modelo no desenvolvimento de uma aplicação concreta para uso em instituições de arte e também por seus usuários. / Heterogeneous institutions interactions have increasingly been required to obtain and provide information and services to their internal and external users. This interaction has been sustained mainly by the use of new information and communication technologies. Interoperability between heterogeneous institutions ensures this interaction and provides various benefits such as, use the legacy platforms of the institutions and still allow the interaction between their systems. However, to make this interoperability possible it is necessary to define common concepts that standardize and guide the interactions between institutions. Through these common concepts, institutions can exchange information with each other and maintain the independence and particularities in their internal systems. In our work, we propose a Model for Interoperability between Heterogeneous Institutions (MIHI). The specification of the interaction rules and specifically the protocols for interoperability between institutions are written using JamSession, which is a platform for the coordination of heterogeneous and distributed software services. The model also defines an architecture based on Institutional Knowledge Artifacts to handle the connections to the systems of the institutions. These Institutional Knowledge Artifacts are based on the general concept of Knowledge Artifacts, i.e., \"objects that convey and hold usable representation of knowledge\". The Institutional Knowledge Artifacts are recurring architectural patterns that are observed in the design of mechanisms for interoperability to connect heterogeneous institutions and are used as a high-level description of the architecture for a system design. They function as pre-designed architectural patterns that guide and standardize the interactions and therefore the organizational and semantic interoperability between institutions. The Institutional Knowledge Artifacts are based on ontology of concepts relevant to these services institutions whose level of abstraction can vary, depending on the level of integration necessary for institutions - the more sophisticated interaction, more details should be represented explicitly in the ontology. The Institutional Knowledge Artifacts implemented also communicate with the use interface layer, based on virtual worlds, to ensure proper communication with these users. Besides the proposed conceptual model, we present as a result of this work, an example of the use of MIIH in the context of institutions related to cultural heritage (museums, galleries, collectors, etc.). Having recognized that the context of museums is important for the society, we studied more deeply the operation of museums and their interactions with each other and their users. We identified in this scenario the direct application of our project, since interoperability among museums is vital to the performance of its functions and interoperability with its users define the reason for its existence, as we verified in the definition of museum presented by UNESCO. This example of use is constructed following the methodology proposed in this work and serves to show the use of our model in the development of a practical application for use in art institutions and also by its users.

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar como a primeira experiência pan-americanista (1889-1894) apareceu nas páginas do importante jornal The Chicago Tribune e quais foram as imagens veiculadas sobre as Américas. O diário de Chicago, ligado aos interesses dos empresários e industrialistas do Oeste norte-americano, se posicionou favoravelmente a uma reorientação da política hemisférica, colocada em prática na segunda gestão do Secretário de Estado James Blaine. Para além de sua defesa sobre a ampliação do comércio interamericano, o Tribune se esforçou em construir representações de amizade entre os Estados Unidos e a América Latina, especialmente durante a Exposição Universal de Chicago (1893). O evento de grandes dimensões, que marcou aquele país no final do século XIX, celebrava os quatrocentos anos do Descobrimento das Américas. Aproveitando-se da ideia de um passado comum, o Departamento de Estado promoveu a política do Pan-americanismo, articulando e encorajando as nações latino-americanas a exporem na Feira Mundial. O Chicago Tribune acompanhou, argumentou e defendeu enfaticamente o projeto de união das três Américas. / This research aims to analyze how the first Pan-American experience (1889-1894) appeared in the pages of the leading newspaper The Chicago Tribune, and in what way was the American Hemisphere imagined by it. The newspaper, related to the interests of businessmen and industrialists of the West, positioned itself favorably to the reorientation of the hemispheric policy, which was put in practice in James Blaines second term as Secretary of State. Going beyond its argumentation in improving the Inter-American trade, the Tribune endeavored to depict the United States and Latin America as friends, especially during the Chicago Worlds Fair (1893). The major event, which profoundly affected that country at the end of the nineteenth century, was meant to celebrate the four-hundredth anniversary of the Discovery of the Americas. By exploiting the idea of a common past, the State Department promoted the Pan-Americanism, negotiating and encouraging Latin American countries to prepare exhibits for the World\'s Fair. The Chicago Tribune tracked the news and argued favorably and eloquently for the project of the union of the Three Americas.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-10-04T17:17:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jayme do Carmo Macedo Leme.pdf: 2250748 bytes, checksum: 2ae7e03aa0d8c8057f0dcb3624011c98 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-04T17:17:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jayme do Carmo Macedo Leme.pdf: 2250748 bytes, checksum: 2ae7e03aa0d8c8057f0dcb3624011c98 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-08 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This thesis has as main theme the learning of the derivative. The research was motivated by the questioning: What are the different thoughts related to the learning process of a concept? Thus, the theory of the Three Worlds of Mathematics proposed by David Tall was used as basis, what brought elements that allow us to understand how humans learn to think mathematically. From this framework, was developed nine thought flows involved in learning a mathematical concept. A study of the derivative is also held to compose the material analyzed in this research and, from the perspective of thought flows, specific flows that allow us to observe learning elements of derivative were highlighted, as in the embodied world, which presents sensitive and noticeable aspects, when it is treated as the tangent line slope, place of righteousness instant variation curve or rate. In the symbolic world, it’s possible to observe routines and tacit processes to this concept, which are run in order to create their own symbols; and in the formal world, it was observed the axiomatic structure that a derivative can be designed. This thesis follows the exploratory theoretical proposal, because it is a research that relies only on documents to build its own concepts and arguments, using the accuracy and logical consistency to produce a base material for further research. Another result observed, which resulted in a breakthrough among the theories discussed, refers to noticeable feature of the derivative, belonging to the embodied world as this unlinked is procedural characteristics, providing thus provide a reference basis for further investigations in the process teaching and learning derivative / A presente tese tem como temática a aprendizagem da derivada. A pesquisa foi motivada pelo problema: Quais são os diferentes pensamentos relacionados ao processo de aprendizagem de um conceito? Assim, buscou-se na teoria dos Três Mundos da Matemática, proposta por David Tall, elementos que permitem compreender, como os humanos aprendem a pensar matematicamente. A partir desse referencial, foram desenvolvidos nove fluxos de pensamento envolvidos na aprendizagem de um conceito matemático. Também foi realizado um estudo da derivada para compor o material de análise desta pesquisa e, na perspectiva dos fluxos de pensamento, destacou-se os fluxos que permitem observar elementos de aprendizagem da derivada, como no mundo corporificado, que apresenta aspectos sensíveis e perceptíveis aos sentidos, ocasião em que é tratado como a inclinação da reta tangente, a retidão local de uma curva ou a taxa de variação instantânea; no mundo simbólico, são observadas rotinas e processos tácitos a esse conceito, que são executados a fim de se criar simbologias próprias; e no mundo formal, observou-se a estrutura axiomática que a derivada pode ser concebida. Esta tese apresenta uma proposta teórica exploratória, pois se trata de uma pesquisa que utiliza apenas documentos para construir os próprios conceitos e argumentos, utilizando o rigor e a coerência lógica, para produzir um material de base para novos estudos. Outro resultado observado, que resultou em um avanço dentre as teorias discutidas, refere-se a característica perceptível da derivada, pertencente ao mundo corporificado, pois esta desvincula-se de características processuais, propiciando dessa forma, oferecer um referencial base para novas investigações no processo de ensino e aprendizagem da derivada

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Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar como a primeira experiência pan-americanista (1889-1894) apareceu nas páginas do importante jornal The Chicago Tribune e quais foram as imagens veiculadas sobre as Américas. O diário de Chicago, ligado aos interesses dos empresários e industrialistas do Oeste norte-americano, se posicionou favoravelmente a uma reorientação da política hemisférica, colocada em prática na segunda gestão do Secretário de Estado James Blaine. Para além de sua defesa sobre a ampliação do comércio interamericano, o Tribune se esforçou em construir representações de amizade entre os Estados Unidos e a América Latina, especialmente durante a Exposição Universal de Chicago (1893). O evento de grandes dimensões, que marcou aquele país no final do século XIX, celebrava os quatrocentos anos do Descobrimento das Américas. Aproveitando-se da ideia de um passado comum, o Departamento de Estado promoveu a política do Pan-americanismo, articulando e encorajando as nações latino-americanas a exporem na Feira Mundial. O Chicago Tribune acompanhou, argumentou e defendeu enfaticamente o projeto de união das três Américas. / This research aims to analyze how the first Pan-American experience (1889-1894) appeared in the pages of the leading newspaper The Chicago Tribune, and in what way was the American Hemisphere imagined by it. The newspaper, related to the interests of businessmen and industrialists of the West, positioned itself favorably to the reorientation of the hemispheric policy, which was put in practice in James Blaines second term as Secretary of State. Going beyond its argumentation in improving the Inter-American trade, the Tribune endeavored to depict the United States and Latin America as friends, especially during the Chicago Worlds Fair (1893). The major event, which profoundly affected that country at the end of the nineteenth century, was meant to celebrate the four-hundredth anniversary of the Discovery of the Americas. By exploiting the idea of a common past, the State Department promoted the Pan-Americanism, negotiating and encouraging Latin American countries to prepare exhibits for the World\'s Fair. The Chicago Tribune tracked the news and argued favorably and eloquently for the project of the union of the Three Americas.

O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar as múltiplas experiências humanas e subjetivas das pessoas surdas, e seus modos singulares de viver, sentir e refletir a vida. Para responder à questão norteadora, como os surdos observam e interpretam o mundo?, subdividi em quatro temas as narrativas advindas das entrevistas: 1) Família; 2) Comunidade Surda; 3) Educação e 4) Representação Social da Surdez e dos Surdos. E das anotações de campo, os temas: 1) Cultura Surda; 2) Acessibilidade; e 3) Corpo que Sinaliza. Nesta composição, busquei apoio teórico em Lane (1992) por descrever e refletir a cultura surda americana, servindo de comparação à cultura surda brasileira. Participaram das entrevistas cinco interlocutores surdos. Como método, optei por usar as narrativas, Benjamin (1985) das experiências de vida dos interlocutores, cedidas por meio das entrevistas e das anotações no diário de campo. Para transcrever/traduzir as entrevistas, Brito (1995) apresentou-se como uma importante interlocutora do campo da Linguística, para fundamentar sobre o sistema de transcrição dos enunciados da Língua de Sinais. As considerações finais foram elaboradas a partir dos campos da Antropologia (Augé, 1997; 1999); Sociologia (Bauman, 2003; 2005); Psicanálise (Safra, 2006; 2009) e Estudos Surdos (Strobel, 2009; Quadros, 2007). As formações subjetivas; as heterogêneas experiências de vida; o mundo de relações com o outro; as premissas culturais que conduzem suas vidas; aspectos particulares e universais de sua historicidade; o contato com a arte, a poesia, a espiritualidade e com as diversas possibilidades de expressão humana, entre outros, são indicativos que nos levam a compreender o modo singular que cada um dos interlocutores observa e interpreta o mundo / The aim of this study is to demonstrate the multiple subjective and human\'s experiences of deaf people and their singular ways of living, feeling and reflecting life. To answer the guiding question \"how do deaf people observe and interpret the world?, I have subdivided the interviews narratives into four topics: 1) Family; 2) Deaf Community; 3) Education; 4) Social Representation of Deafness and Deaf People. And the notes taken from the field material, the following topics: 1) Deaf Culture; 2) Accessibility; 3) Body Language. In this structure I have sought theoretical support from Lane (1992) based on his description and reflection on american deaf culture, serving as comparison to the brazilian deaf culture. Five deaf interlocutors have participated in the interviews. As the chosen method, I decided to use the narratives, Benjamin (1985) from the interlocutors\' life experiences, obtained from the interviews and the notes taken from the field material. To transcribe/translate the interviews, Brito (1995) presented herself as an important interlocutor in the field of the Linguistic, in order to substantiate the transcription of the system set out in Sign Language. The final considerations have been elaborated based on the field s of A nthropology ( Augé, 1997; 1999) ; Sociology ( Bauman, 2003; 2005); Psychoanalysis ( Safra, 2006; 2009) and Deaf Studies ( Strobel, 2009; Quadros, 2007) . The subjective development ; the diverse lifes experience; the world of relationships with other s ; the different cultural precepts that lead their lives ; individual and universal aspects of their stories ; the contact with art, poetry , spirituality and with the different possibilities of human expression , among others things , are indicative that lead us to understand the singular way that each one of the interlocutors observe and interpret the world

Submitted by Geyciane Santos (geyciane_thamires@hotmail.com) on 2015-06-18T14:57:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Nilmara Silva Salgado.pdf: 2514579 bytes, checksum: 92fa0830e20f00392e7b0965020f4f9e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-06-19T21:00:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Nilmara Silva Salgado.pdf: 2514579 bytes, checksum: 92fa0830e20f00392e7b0965020f4f9e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-06-19T21:01:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Nilmara Silva Salgado.pdf: 2514579 bytes, checksum: 92fa0830e20f00392e7b0965020f4f9e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-19T21:01:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação- Nilmara Silva Salgado.pdf: 2514579 bytes, checksum: 92fa0830e20f00392e7b0965020f4f9e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-04 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The basic structures of algorithms are fundamental for the development of systems and understand them is an essential step in the learning process, because to become a good programmer you need a body of knowledge that goes beyond the syntax and semantics of a language programming. There are several methods of learning programming, such as the experiments performed in laboratories and pair programming. However, it is necessary to consider how to integrate these methods that enhance the learning. This paper presents an unconventional approach to collaborative learning of visual programming and its connection to a 3D immersive environment where objects, actors and behaviors are the result of programs developed by team-organized students. We report a pilot study in an introductory programming course offered in a Federal Institution of Higher Education, using as a central strategy for collaboration the initial stages of a progressive scheme for group programming learning. Results suggest a positive impact especially with regard to motivation, visualization of production and interaction among students. / As estruturas básicas de algoritmos são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento de sistemas e entendê-las é um passo essencial no processo de aprendizagem, pois para se tornar um bom programador é necessário um conjunto de conhecimentos que vai além de conhecer a sintaxe e a semântica de uma linguagem de programação. Há vários métodos de aprendizagem de programação, como por exemplo, experimentos realizados em laboratórios e programação em pares. Porém, é necessário considerar formas de integração desses métodos que potencializem o aprendizado. Este trabalho apresenta uma abordagem diferenciada para a aprendizagem colaborativa de programação visual e sua conexão a um ambiente imersivo 3D onde os objetos, atores e comportamentos são resultantes dos programas desenvolvidos pelos estudantes organizados em times. É relatado um estudo piloto desenvolvido em uma disciplina de introdução à programação ofertada em uma Instituição Federal de Ensino Superior, utilizando-se como estratégia central de colaboração as etapas iniciais de um esquema progressivo para aprendizagem de programação em grupo. Os resultados sugerem um impacto positivo especialmente no que diz respeito à motivação, visualização das produções e da interação entre os estudantes.

Despite the importance of community colleges in higher education, community college faculty are understudied. Although the community college has been defined as a teaching institution, its faculty also serve in non-teaching leadership roles. The purpose of this research study is to know (1) what the experiences of community college faculty in leadership roles are, (2) how their roles have changed over time, (3) what factors motivated faculty to accept non-teaching roles, and (4) how faculty have navigated the transition. Data were obtained from open-ended, semi-structured interviews using an Interpretive Phenomenological approach. Qualitative data were transcribed, coded, categorized, and then organized into five prominent thematic findings: a) Loyalty to the Community College and Students, b) A Student-Centered Collegial Identity, c) Personal Fulfillment, d) Cycle of Roles and e) Tensions. This study informs community college stakeholders about how to strengthen and support faculty leadership at the community college with implications for policy, practice and future research.

Virtual Worlds (VWs) in foreign language education are slowly becoming more popular. Many studies have looked at the affordances of these worlds and how they affect some aspects of language acquisition. However, it is still unknown to what extent, if any, these virtual worlds can play a role in affecting motivation and anxiety. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between motivation, anxiety and virtual worlds to see how participation in activities within these environments interacted in two individual language learners, Jessica and Melissa. Using a case study approach, I observed and interviewed the two participants in order to determine how these variables may have interacted in their experiences online. For these participants, avatar presence affected their anxiety, but the amount of that affect was determined by their pre-existing motivations for learning Spanish and the vividness and plausibility of their Ideal L2 Self. Both participants saw benefits for having an avatar as a face-saving device, but this was more evident in Jessica because she engaged in only conversations with speakers other than her classmates. While this investigation yielded results that support previous research on virtual worlds and anxiety, more research is necessary to see if and to what extent these worlds can affect motivation.

This thesis contends that technologically-derived resurrections of human bodies and bodily fragments can be viewed as indicative of a 'post-biological' ontology. Drawing from examples in which human bodies are resurrected, both figuratively and actually, this thesis puts forward the term 'post-biological subject' as an ideological framework for conceptualising the reconfiguration of human ontology that results from various medical technologies that 'resurrect' the human body. In this instance, the term 'postbiological', borrowed from Hans Moravec who uses it denote a future in which human being is radically disembodied and resurrected within a digital realm, is used somewhat ironically: where Moravec imagines an afterlife in which the body is discarded as so much 'meat', the post-biological afterlife of the body in this thesis centres around a form of corporeal resurrection. Corpses, living organs and excreta may all be resurrected, some of them in digital format, yet this kind of resurrection departs radically from the disembodied spiritual bliss imagined in many conceptualisations of resurrection. The post-biological subject resists ontological delineation and problematises boundaries defining self and other, living and dead, and human and nonhuman and is fraught with a number of cultural anxieties about its unique ontological status. These concerns are analysed in the context of a number of phenomena, including melancholy, horror, monstrosity and the uncanny, all of which similarly indicate an anxious fixation with human ontology. The purpose of discussing post-biological bodies in relation to phenomena such as melancholy or the uncanny is not to reinstate as ideological frameworks the psychoanalytic models from which these concepts are derived, but rather to use them as starting points for more complex analyses of postbiological ontology. The first and second chapters of this thesis discuss instances in which the human body is posthumously modified, drawing on Gunther von Hagens's Body Worlds exhibition and the Visible Human Project. The Body Worlds plastinates are situated in a liminal and ambiguous ontological space between life and death, and it is argued that their extraordinary ontological status evokes a form of imagined melancholy, wherein the longed-for and lost melancholic object is a complete process of death. In the case of the Visible Human Project, it is argued that the gruesome and highly technologised process of creating the Visible Male, wherein the corpse is effectively dehumanised and iv rendered geometric, evokes the trope of horror, while at the same time being fraught with a nostalgic longing for a pre-technological, anatomically 'authentic' body. The third and fourth chapters of this thesis discuss instances in which the living human body is reconfigured, focusing on immortal cell lines and organ transplantation, and on medical imaging technologies such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. In the third chapter it is argued that organ transplantation and the creation of immortal cell lines give rise to profound anxieties about ontological contamination through their capacity to render permeable the imagined boundaries defining self, and in this way invoke the monstrous. The fourth chapter interrogates the representation of medical imaging in Don DeLillo?s novel White Noise, arguing that the medical representation of the body functions as a form of double, a digital doppelganger that elicits an uncanny anxiety through its capacity to presage death.