Firstly, we deal with the verification of normality and other necessary prerequisites needed in this thesis. We also introduce transformations to converse non-normally distributed data to normal and continue with capability analysis. We describe the design of control charts, useful tools to assess process stability. They help us to eliminate assignable causes and leave only chance causes in process. We obtain process in control state. Finally, we introduce both capability and performance ratios for both normal and non-normal data, and analyse some of their properties. At the end of the thesis, we prove acquired knowledge by performing capability analysis of real process.

Tato diplomová práce je zaměřena na různých metodik projektového řízení a jejich praktické využití při založení podniku v Dubaji, ve Spojených arabských emirátech. Vzhledem k různým právním normám na zahraničním trhu, jsou vysvětleny bariéry vstupu na trh. Návrh obsahuje definovaný seznam činností, analýzu času, analýzu a hodnocení rizik a rozpočet projektu.

Detta examensarbete utfördes inom högskoleingenjörsprogrammet i maskinteknik påKarlstads universitet. Projektet var i samarbete med PLS Produkter AB i Skövde där omställningen på en maskin med namnet Tretapparen analyserades. Maskinen klassas somen multitasking maskin där syftet är tappning av olika typer av flaskor. Problemet är att detsker omställningar ofta då maskinen är flexibel och kan producera många olika typer avprodukter. Omställningarna sker då en ny produkttyp ska tillverkas och är väldigttidskrävande då nya inställningar på maskinen behöver göras. Maskinen och verktygenbehöver dessutom rengöras noga för att inte kontaminera nästa batch. Examensarbetets syfteär att effektivisera omställningen genom att tydliggöra omställningstiderna för maskinensolika moment och bidra med kultur- och kunskapsbyggande till företaget. Målet är att hittamöjliga lösningar som minskar ställtiden på de moment som tar längst tid att ställa om ochdär det kan antas finnas förbättringsmöjligheter. Därmed kan flödet på maskinen förbättras iden mån att antalet tillverkade produkter ökar. Förbättringsarbetet började med förstudier, intervjuer, datainsamlingar och att analyseravideos. All viktig information sammanställdes i en A3-modell där SMED var grunden förstrategierna som gjordes för att ställtidsreducera. Resultatet innebär en konvertering från intern till extern ställtid för varje moment var för sigefter respektive färdig omställning, 26 förbättringsförslag och en ny ordning föromställningsarbetet som tillsammans effektiviserar, standardiserar och planerar upp omställningsprocessen. Efter förändringen minskade omställningstiden med totalt 30%, vilket leder till att flödet påmaskinen förbättras då maskinen kan producera ungefär 217 produkter mer än i dagsläget. Islutet av arbetet gjordes en avrapportering till företaget där samtliga produktionsteam varnärvarande. / This degree project was carried out within the university engineering program in mechanicalengineering at Karlstad University. The project was in collaboration with PLS Produkter AB in Skövde, where the conversion on a machine called Tretapparen was analyzed. The machineis classified as a multitasking machine where the purpose is bottling different types of bottles.The problem is that there are changes often as the machine is flexible and can produce manydifferent types of products. The adjustments take place when a new product type is to bemanufactured and are very time-consuming as new settings on the machine need to be made.The machine and tools also need to be cleaned thoroughly so they do not contaminate thenext batch. The purpose of the degree project is to streamline the adjustment by clarifying theadjustment times for the machine's various steps and contributing cultural and knowledgebuilding to the company. The goal is to find possible solutions that reduce the set-up time onthe steps that take the longest time to adjust and where it can be assumed that there areopportunities for improvement. Thus, the flow on the machine can be improved to the extentthat the number of manufactured products increases. The improvement work began with feasibility studies, interviews, data collection andanalyzing videos. All important information was compiled in an A3-model where SMED wasthe basis for the strategies made to reduce downtime. The result implies conversion from internal to external set-up time for each step separatelyafter each completed conversion, 26 improvement proposals and a new arrangement for theconversion work that together streamlines, standardizes and plans the conversion process. After these changes, the adjustment time decreased by a total of 30%, which leads to animprovement in the flow on the machine as the machine can produce approximately 217products more than at present. At the end of the work, a report was made to the companywhere all production teams were present.

Studien görs i samarbete med ett företag som jobbar med bl a. barnoveraller. Företaget gör ingen egen mönsterkonstruktion, utan köper denna tjänst av leverantören. Materialet leverantören får av företaget är en måttlista, men när olika leverantörer sytt upp prover åt dem har de fått varierande passform, trots att overallerna hållit samma mått. Författarna har därför jobbat på ett sätt att systematisera måttlistan för att kunna reproducera den aktuella passformen. Detta har gjorts genom att försöka återskapa företagets overall med hjälp av måttlistan och därefter utvärderat vad som skulle göra måttlistan mer tydlig och praktisk för leverantörerna. Utvecklingen av måttlistan har innefattat namn på mått, måttordning, samt skiss och placering av mått. Avgörande faktorer för passformen på barnoverallen har visat sig vara luvan, måttet axel till gren, midjeresår, knävidd och stussens position. En slutlig måttlista har tagits fram som ett förslag på ett sätt för företag utan egen mönsterkonstruktion att systematisera passformen. / The study is being conducted in collaboration with a company that works with, among other things, children's overalls. The company does not make its own pattern design, but buys this service from the supplier. The material the supplier receives from the company is a measurement chart. However when different suppliers have sewn samples for them, they have been of varying fit, despite the fact that the overalls have kept the same dimensions. The authors have therefore worked to systematize the measurement chart in order to be able to reproduce the current fit. This has been done by trying to recreate the company's overalls using the measurement chart and then evaluating what would make the measurement chart clearer and more practical for the suppliers. The development of the measurement chart has included names of measurements, measurement order, and sketch and placement of measurements. Key factors for the fit of the children's overalls have proven to be the hood, shoulder to crotch, waist elastic, knee width and the placement of the seat. A final measurement chart has been developed as a proposal to help companies who prefer full package production.

The thesis deals with realization of a new assembled hall in Dunajska Luzna. This hall has two floors and is based on ferroconctrete foot. Carrying contruction system consist of steel profiles. Siding frontage is designed with sandwich panels. The work deals also with technical and economical part of the building.

The following study is a bachelor thesis at Jönköping Institute of Technology in collaboration with the lighting company Westal AB. The company had recently invested in a laser cutter and at the same time acquired the business Ledolight Sweden AB, which manufactures emergency exit luminaires. The problem that formed the basis of the study was that the responsible parties were unsure of how the machines should be positioned regarding proximity and a good working environment. The aimwas therefore to develop two concrete layout proposals for the workshop. Where one layout proposal should provide suggestions for the location of the laser cutter in relation to existing machines. While the layout proposal will provide a proposal on how the machines from Ledolight Sweden AB can be placed on a separate area in the workshop.The study's questions were answered using both quantitative and qualitative methods to obtain information. Value stream analyses, measurements, observations, and interviews are some of the methods used. Based on the chosen methods, it has been possible to describe a current situation at Westal AB and Ledolight Sweden AB. When designing the layout proposals, the collected information was compared to the selected theoretical framework. Subsequently, the "Simplified Systematic Layout Planning" (FSLP) method was used to identify and determine relationships, causes of proximity, space requirements and other needs.The study results in different layout proposals, which show how the machines and functions can be placed in the workshop. A total of three layout proposals have been produced for the laser cutter and two for the machines from Ledolight Sweden AB. Followed by the advantages and disadvantages of the chosen locations. In comparison with the current layout, the new layout proposals have achieved the purpose of creating proximity, creating good working conditions, and placing the machines from Ledolight Sweden AB in a separate area in the workshop. The study also provides a concrete proposal on how two of the layout proposals could be integrated into the workshop. The layout proposal contributes to less material handling as the times for moving materials have been reduced. Material handling has been reduced by 20% for the Stall product group. Regarding the product groups Gustav and LedoNomic material handling has been reduced by 13% and 47% respectively. In connection with the results of the study, the following recommendations have been identified,- Design spaghetti diagrams and eliminate unnecessary movements for all product groups processed in the workshop. - Apply the FSLP method to future layout changes.- Continued work with the Lean mindset and the tool 5S to eliminate waste. / Följande studie är ett examensarbete på Jönköpings tekniska högskola som utförts i samarbete med belysningsföretaget Westal AB. Företaget hade nyligen investerat i en laserskärare och samtidigt köpt upp verksamheten Ledolight Sweden AB som tillverkar nödutgångsarmaturer. Problemet som låg till grund för studien var att det inte fanns någon tydlig bild över hur maskinerna ska placeras med avseende på att skapa närhet och en god arbetsmiljö. Syftet var därmed att ta fram två konkreta layoutförslag över verkstaden. Där ena layoutförslaget ska ge förslag på placeringen av laserskäraren i förhållande till befintliga maskiner. Det andra layoutförslaget skall ge ett förslag på hur maskinerna från Ledolight Sweden AB kan placeras på en separat yta i verkstaden.Studiens frågeställningar har besvarats genom användandet av både kvantitativa och kvalitativa metoder för att inhämta information. Värdeflödesanalyser, mätningar och intervjuer är några av de metoderna som använts. Vid utformandet av layoutförslagen ställdes den inhämtade informationen i relation till det utvalda teoretiska ramverket.Därefter användes metoden ”Förenklad systematisk lokalplanläggning” (FSLP) för att ta fram olika de olika layoutförslagen.Studien resulterar i olika layoutförslag, vilket visar hur maskinerna respektive funktionerna kan placeras i verkstaden. Totalt har tre layoutförslag för laserskäraren tagits fram och två för maskinerna från Ledolight Sweden AB. Följt av fördelar respektive nackdelar med de valda placeringarna. I jämförelse med den nuvarande layouten, har de nya layoutförslagen uppnått syftet med att skapa närhet, skapa goda arbetsförhållanden och placerat maskinerna från Ledolight Sweden AB på en separat yta i verkstaden. Studien ger även ett konkret förslag på hur två av layoutförslagen skulle kunna integreras i verkstaden. Layoutförslaget bidrar till mindre materialhantering då tiderna för förflyttning av material har reducerats. Materialhanteringen har reducerats med 20% för produktgruppen Stall. Gällande produktgrupperna Gustav och LedoNomic materialhantering har det reducerats med 13% respektive 47%. I samband med studiens resultat har följande rekommendationer identifierats.- Utforma spaghettidiagram och eliminera onödiga rörelser för alla produktgrupper som förädlas i verkstaden. - Tillämpa metoden FSLP vid framtida layoutförändringar.- Fortsatt arbete med tankesättet Lean och verktyget 5S för att eliminera slöseriet.

Formal methods play an important part in the development as well as testing stages of software and hardware systems. A significant and often overlooked part of the process is the development of specifications and correctness requirements for the system under test. Traditionally, English has been used as the specification language, which has resulted in verbose and difficult to use specification documents that are usually abandoned during product development. This research focuses on investigating the use of Live Sequence Charts (LSCs), a graphical and intuitive language directly suited for expressing communication behaviors of a system as the specification language for a system under test. The research presents two methods for using LSCs as a specification language: first, by translating LSCs to temporal logic, and second, by translating LSCs to an automaton structure that is directly suited for formal verification of systems. The research first presents the translation for each method and further, identifies the pros and cons for each verification method.

During the last decade, a novel methodology for wheel wear simulation has been developed in Sweden. The practical objective of this simulation procedure is to provide an integratedengineering tool to support rail vehicle design with respect to wheel wear performance and detailed understanding of wheel-rail interaction. The tool is integrated in a vehicle dynamicssimulation environment.The wear calculation is based on a set of dynamic simulations, representing the vehicle, the network, and the operating conditions. The wheel profile evolution is simulated in an iterativeprocess by adding the contribution from each simulation case and updating the profile geometry.The method is being validated against measurements by selected pilot applications. To strengthen the confidence in simulation results the scope of application should be as wide aspossible in terms of vehicle classes. The purpose of this thesis work has been to try to extend the scope of validation of this method into the light rail area, simulating the light rail vehicleA32 operating in Stockholm commuter service on the line Tvärbanan.An exhaustive study of the wear theory and previous work on wear prediction has been necessary to understand the wear prediction method proposed by KTH. The dynamicbehaviour of rail vehicles has also been deeply studied in order to understand the factors affecting wear in the wheel-rail contact.The vehicle model has been validated against previous studies of this vehicle. Furthermore new elements have been included in the model in order to better simulate the real conditionsof the vehicle.Numerous tests have been carried out in order to calibrate the wear tool and find the settings which better match the real conditions of the vehicle.Wheel and rail wear as well as profile evolution measurements were available before this work and they are compared with those results obtained from the simulations carried out.The simulated wear at the tread and flange parts of the wheel match quite well the measurements. However, the results are not so good for the middle part, since themeasurements show quite evenly distributed wear along the profile while the results from simulations show higher difference between extremes and middle part. More tests would benecessary to obtain an optimal solution.

This dissertation investigates the effects of autocorrelation on the performances of various sampling plans for control charts in detecting special causes that may produce sustained or transient shifts in the process mean and/or variance. Observations from the process are modeled as a first-order autoregressive process plus a random error. Combinations of two Shewhart control charts and combinations of two exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control charts based on both the original observations and on the process residuals are considered. Three types of sampling plans are investigated: samples of n = 1, samples of n > 1 observations taken together at one sampling point, or samples of n > 1 observations taken at different times. In comparing these sampling plans it is assumed that the sampling rate in terms of the number of observations per unit time is fixed, so taking samples of n = 1 allows more frequent plotting. The best overall performance of sampling plans for control charts in detecting both sustained and transient shifts in the process is obtained by taking samples of n = 1 and using an EWMA chart combination with a observations chart for mean and a residuals chart for variance. The Shewhart chart combination with the best overall performance, though inferior to the EWMA chart combination, is based on samples of n > 1 taken at different times and with a observations chart for mean and a residuals chart for variance. / Ph. D.

В данной работе рассмотрен процесс разработки программного модуля для автоматизации задач планирования деятельности компании, а именно: построение диаграммы Ганта, расчет временных характеристик задач. Выполнен сравнительный анализ инструментов для разработки веб-приложений и платформ для сетевого планирования. Разработанный модуль рассчитывает даты раннего и позднего начала выполнения задачи, даты раннего и позднего окончания задачи, а также определяет резервы времени на ее выполнение, является кроссплатформенным и легко расширяемым. / In this paper, the process of developing a software module for automating the tasks of planning company's activities is considered, namely: building a Gantt chart, calculating time tasks characteristics. A comparative analysis of tools for the development of web applications and platforms for network planning is performed. The developed module calculates time parameters of the early and late start of a task, and time parameters of the early and late end of a task, and also determines the time reserves for its execution, the developed module is a cross-platform and also an easily extensible one.