Cette thèse étudie les rapports entre l’expression d’attitudes agressives contrôlées et la perception de la dominance, à partir d’extraits de séances télévisées du conseil Municipal de Montreuil (93100) durant l’année 2013, période marquée par un climat politique vif et hostile. Un corpus a été constitué à partir d’extraits de parole spontanée de la Maire, Dominique Voynet, et de quatre de ses opposants. Les cinq locuteurs ont participé à l’enregistrement d’une relecture neutre du corpus de leurs propres extraits de parole (25 stimuli par locuteur) ainsi qu’à l’auto-évaluation perceptive de leurs stimuli (profils émotionnels), dont les résultats ont été comparés à l’évaluation perceptive des extraits par des auditeurs naïfs. Tous les locuteurs ont été perçus comme légèrement hostiles, légèrement mécontents et légèrement dominants malgré des profils émotionnels auto-évalués variables. Les extraits originaux et relus ont été comparés au niveau de leur structuration prosodico-syntaxique et de leurs caractéristiques temporelles et mélodiques. Les résultats montrent que 1) certains locuteurs semblent plus s’appuyer sur des paramètres mélodiques et d’autres sur des paramètres temporels ; 2) on peut néanmoins dégager les tendances générales concernant les corrélats dans la parole de l’hostilité et de la dominance dans notre corpus : a) des écarts entre structuration syntaxique et prosodique des extraits, b) la réduction ou l’absence d’allongements syllabiques finaux pré-pausaux, c) de fortes variations de plage de variation de F0 de part et d’autre des pauses silencieuses. / This dissertation studies the relationship between the expression of controlled aggressive attitudes and the perception of dominance, based on extracts from televised sessions of the Municipal Council of Montreuil during 2013; a period marked by a lively and hostile political climate. We constituted a corpus of spontaneous speech extracts from the Mayor, Dominique Voynet, and four of her opponents. During subsequent recording sessions, the five speakers were asked to read transcriptions of their own speech extracts in a neutral tone (25 stimuli per speaker). They also participated in a self-evaluation questionnaire that focused on the perception of emotional profiles in their own stimuli. The results of the speakers’ perceptive evaluations were compared to those of a control group of naïve listeners. All speakers were perceived as slightly hostile, discontent and dominant, despite the variability observed in the self-evaluated profiles. The original and re-read extracts were compared in their prosodic- syntactic structure as well as their temporal and melodic characteristics. We show that: 1) some speakers seem to rely mostly on melodic parameters whereas others primarily use temporal parameters, 2) nevertheless, general trends emerge regarding the speech correlates of hostility and dominance in our corpus, notably: a) discrepancies between the syntactic and the prosodic structure of the extracts, b) reduction or absence of pre-pausal final syllabic lengthening, c) large variations in F0 range on both sides of silent pauses.

Date:                        5 June 2020 Level:                       Bachelor thesis in Business Administration, 15 cr Institution:              School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University Authors:                  Klara Rydberg                              Sofia Toftebrant                                  (98/03/20)                                    (98/07/08) Title:                        Why filthy rich? – A quantitative study on the relationship between tax aggressiveness and CSR among large Swedish companies in the construction industry. Tutor:                      Dariusz Osowski Keywords:               Tax aggressiveness, Corporate Social Responsibility, Legitimacy theory, construction industry & Agency theory Research questions:                What is the relation between the company's tax aggressiveness and the extent of CSR information that large Swedish companies in the construction industry provide? Purpose:                  The study examines the relationship between companies' tax payments and the disclosure of sustainability information. Method:                  The study adopts a quantitative approach where a cross-sectional study for the year of 2018 was conducted. Information from annual reports, sustainability reports and websites have been collected from 100 companies in the construction industry. Data have been collected and then analyzed in SPSS and subsequently the results have been analyzed and explained with the theory of legitimacy and agency theory. Conclusion:             The results of the study show that there is a positive causality between tax aggressiveness and CSR. This means that companies pursuing a more tax-aggressive policy tend to provide more detailed CSR-information. The conclusion can be explained by the theory of legitimacy and agency theory, which suggests that companies that are more tax-aggressive try to minimize the negative media image by providing more detailed information that benefits the companies positively. / Datum:                    5 juni 2020 Nivå:                        Kandidatuppsats i företagsekonomi, 15 hp Institution:              Akademin för Ekonomi, Samhälle och Teknik, Mälardalens högskola Författare:              Klara Rydberg                              Sofia Toftebrant                                     (98/03/20)                                  (98/07/08) Titel:                        Rik som ett troll? – En kvantitativ studie om sambandet mellan                  skatteaggressivitet och CSR bland svenska företag inom byggbranschen Handledare:            Dariusz Osowski Nyckelord:              Skatteaggressivitet, Corporate Social Responsibility, Legitimitetsteorin, Byggbranschen & Agentteorin Frågeställning:       Hur ser sambandet ut mellan företagets skatteaggressivitet och omfattning CSR-information som stora svenska företag inom byggbranschen lämnar? Syfte:                       Studien undersöker sambandet mellan företags skattebetalningar och utlämnandet av hållbarhetsinformation. Metod:                     Studien antar en kvantitativ ansats där en tvärsnittsstudie för år 2018 genomförts. Information från årsredovisningar, hållbarhetsrapporter samt hemsidor har samlats in från 100 företag inom byggbranschen. Data har samlats in för att sedan analyseras i SPSS och därefter har resultaten analyserats samt förklarats med hjälp av legitimitetsteorin och agentteorin. Slutsats:                  Resultatet i studien påvisar att det föreligger en positiv kausalitet mellan skatteaggressivitet och CSR. Det innebär att företag som bedriver mer skatteaggressiva aktiviteter tenderar att lämna mer utförlig CSR-information. Slutsatsen kan förklaras med hjälp av legitimitetsteorin och agentteorin som antyder att företag som är mer skatteaggressiva försöker minimera den negativa mediabilden genom att lämna utförligare information som gagnar företaget positivt.

MEd / Department of Curriculum Studies and Educational Management / The study aims to investigate the impact of intervention strategies in addressing bullying among secondary school students. A literature study was conducted, in order to understand the views of different authors and other researchers on effective intervention strategies. An empirical study utilising the quantitative research approach was used. A questionnaire was employed to gather data. It was distributed among all secondary schools in Motupa circuit. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17.0 was used to analyse data from the questionnaire using the maxim for statistical significance. Findings from the empirical study were discussed. The implication is that intervention and preventive strategies need to be based on personal and contextual factors, in order to effect change.

[pt] Os estados-limite têm feito parte da literatura psicanalítica desde os primórdios da psicanálise. A partir da última metade do século passado, entretanto, o interesse pelo assunto aumentou consideravelmente e a produção de artigos e matérias vem tomando um vulto cada vez maior. Não obstante, a polêmica em torno do tema parece também crescer na mesma proporção. Este trabalho apresenta um pequeno histórico do termo estados- limite e algumas controvérsias nos diferentes meios psicanalíticos, principalmente no que diz respeito às relações entre a clínica dos estados-limite e a das personalidades narcísicas. São tratadas também questões ligadas à constituição da subjetividade e à sua incidência na clínica dos estados-limite. Finalmente, são revistas algumas patologias limítrofes e alguns aspectos clínicos importantes, como as implicações transferenciais e contratransferenciais dos estados-limite. A preferência pelo termo estados-limite tem por objetivo ampliar o escopo que outros termos, tais como casos-limite, ou distúrbios limítrofes, possam sugerir. Enquanto que estes últimos possuem conotações marcantemente patológicas, pertencendo, portanto a uma clínica psicanalítica específica, o termo estados-limite permite também designar situações com características semelhantes, porém episódicas e suscetíveis de ocorrer em qualquer tipo de clínica psicanalítica, inclusive a da neurose. / [en] Borderline conditions have been part of psychoanalytical literature since the early stages of psychoanalysis. However, since the second half of the last century, interest in this subject has grown considerably and there has been a steady increase in the number of articles and essays published. Nevertheless, polemic around this theme seems also to grow in the same proportion. This work covers a brief history of the term borderline and some of the controversies in the different psychoanalytical environments, principally as to the relationship between the borderline treatment and that of narcissistic personalities. Issues regarding the constitution of subjectivity and its incidence in the borderline therapy are also dealt with. Finally, some forms of borderline pathology and important clinical aspects, such as transference and counter transference implications, are reviewed. The preference for the term borderline conditions aims to broaden the scope that other terms, such as borderline cases or borderline disturbances may suggest. While these latter possess strong pathological connotations, belonging, therefore, to a specific psychoanalytical treatment, the term borderline conditions allows for the designation of situations with similar characteristics, although episodic and liable to occur in any type of psychoanalytical treatment, including the neurotic.

Older gay men and lesbians may be at greater risk for depression than older sexual majority adults due to a lifetime of sexual minority stress. We hypothesize that aggression and being single are positively associated with depression. Resilience is negatively associated with depression. Aggression, being single and resilience account for a significant proportion of variance in depression. Resilience moderates the relationship between aggression and depression. Significant differences between older gay men and older lesbians' aggression, resilience and depression scores exist. For our older gay men and lesbian combined group, a moderation analysis indicated that in addition to aggression and resilience, being single significantly predicted depression accounting for approximately 57% of the variance in depression. Furthermore, resilience significantly moderated the relationship between aggression and depression in our model of older gay men and lesbians. For our older gay men-only group a moderation analysis (indicated that and resilience significantly predicted depression accounting for approximately 57% of the variance in depression. Furthermore, resilience significantly moderated the relationship between aggression and depression in our model, in our sample of older gay men. Four our lesbian-only group a moderation analysis indicated that being single and resilience significantly predicted depression accounting for approximately 54% of the variance in depression.

No description available.

[pt] O presente trabalho tem por objetivo explorar diferentes acepções acerca do conceito psicanalítico de pulsão de morte. Para tal, escolhemos quatro autores com perspectivas singulares: S. Freud, M. Klein, S. Ferenczi e D. W. Winnicott. Em Freud, encontramos uma primeira versão de Tânatos associada à ideia de retorno ao inorgânico, seguida de mutações que culminam com a consolidação do conceito enquanto uma força destrutiva inata, inexorável, e o maior empecilho aos empreendimentos humanos. Klein toma a pulsão de morte por esta faceta da agressividade, e lhe concede grande importância enquanto força promotora de angústias que, por sua vez, engendram o uso de mecanismos de defesa, e finalmente a instalação de organizações patológicas a partir de falhas ou exageros na aplicação de tais defesas. Em Ferenczi, a pulsão de morte é relegada a uma posição de coadjuvante, e notamos a subordinação do conceito à influência do ambiente, conforme o autor húngaro passa, na parte mais madura de sua obra, a conduzir suas proposições em nível de teoria e técnica pelo campo relacional, intersubjetivo. Finalmente, Winnicott rejeita Tânatos por completo, apresentando alternativas como a regressão à dependência; a ideia de trauma por privação; e cunhando uma teoria original da agressividade, que a distancia do âmbito pulsional. Ao longo de quatro capítulos, exploramos como os autores escolhidos trabalham cada um desses aspectos, ressaltando semelhanças e diferenças entre suas perspectivas no intuito de atingir uma compreensão global mais aprofundada do lugar da pulsão de morte na teoria e clínica psicanalíticas. / [en] The present work aims to explore different senses of the psychoanalytic concept death instinct. To this end, we chose four authors with unique perspectives: S. Freud, M. Klein, S. Ferenczi and D. W. Winnicott. In Freud, we find a first version of Thanatos associated with the idea of a return to the inorganic, followed by mutations that culminate in the consolidation of the concept as an innate, inexorable destructive force, and the greatest hindrance to human endeavors. Klein takes the death instinct by this facet of aggressiveness, and gives it great importance as a promoting force of anxieties that, in turn, engender the use of defense mechanisms, and finally the installation of pathological organizations from failures or exaggerations in the application of such defenses. In Ferenczi, the death instinct is relegated to a supporting role, and we note the subordination of the concept to the influence of the environment, as the Hungarian author starts, in the later part of his work, to conduct his theoretical and technical propositions through the relational, intersubjective field. Finally, Winnicott rejects Thanatos altogether, presenting alternatives such as the regression to dependence; the idea of trauma by deprivation; and coining an original theory of aggressiveness, which distances it from the instinctual sphere. Over four chapters, we explore how the chosen authors work on each of these aspects, highlighting similarities and differences between their perspectives in order to reach a deeper global understanding of the place of the death drive in psychoanalytic theory and clinic.

Dispersal is a key life history trait for ecological and evolutionary processes in wild populations. The latest research has particularly focused on the correlation between behavioural traits and dispersal, in order to emphasize the existence of behavioural syndromes of dispersal, and on the estimation of the genetic basis of the dispersal behaviour. Dispersing individuals are not a random part of the population, but are individuals showing particular strategies, that help them to succeed in their dispersal attempt. This thesis has three main aims of research. The first is to show a genetic basis of the dispersal propensity in a fragmented population of collared flycatchers (Ficedulla albicollis). We show, not only, the genetic bases of the dispersal, but also a non-random spatial distribution of relationship between individuals in this population, that might be due to genetic effects on the decision rules of habitat choice in this population. The second aim concerns phenotypic and a genetic correlation between the natal dispersal and a behavioural trait, the nest-defense behaviour, in the alpin swift (Tachymarptis melba). We showed that natal dispersal and nest-defense behaviour were negatively correlated at a phenotypic level, but also at a genetic level in these populations. Finally, the third aim attempts to test the existence of a behavioural syndrome of dispersal, that is if dispersing individuals have a particular behavioural profile, which enable them to colonize new sites, in the collared flycatcher. / <p>The exmination will be videolinked to seminar room 1003 Evolutionary Biology Centre, EBC, Uppsala University.</p>

Identification of aggression in Junior Primary school learners often becomes a difficult task due to the lack of appropriate measuring instruments. The assessment instruments used presently are unable to identify the subtypes of aggression. In order to address this limitation in the field of aggression, the present investigation was undertaken. A literature study was done where the concept aggression was defined and the relationship and differences between the subtypes of aggression (physical, verbal, reactive and proactive aggression) were examined. The factors that relate to aggression, namely, biological, personality, environmental and social, parental influence, frustration and media influences were identified. A reliable measuring instrument was developed to identify the four main subtypes of aggression in junior primary learners. The results of the empirical investigation indicated that there were significant positive correlations between the subtypes of aggression. Gender and intellectual potential do not appear to have a significant bearing on childhood aggression. The educational implications of the findings are discussed and guidelines regarding treatment of childhood aggression are given for both educators and parents. / Education Studies / M.Ed.

This study investigated the causes and manifestation of aggression among secondary school learners. Aggression was defined. Various theories of aggression were discussed. From the literature study, nine hypotheses were developed. The study used a quantitative approach by means of a survey design. The research site was a rural, secondary school. A closed-ended questionnaire was used as data collection tool. Only learners were involved as respondents. The impact of various moderator variables was considered. The study discovered that aggressive behaviour is not confined to a specific gender. Above all, female aggression is on the rise. Possible causative factors were confirmed and risk factors were identified. Recommendations were made in line with the findings based on the empirical results. Limitations of the study were also pointed out. / Education Studies / M. Ed. (Inclusive Education)