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The number of men and women suffering from alcohol dependency is increasing.Today there are shortcomings in knowledge about the lived experiences of being a woman or a man with alcohol dependency; knowledge which might be of importance for meeting these individual’s specific care needs. The overall aim of the study was to obtain a deeper understanding of women and men's experience of living with alcohol dependency and being professionally cared for. The qualitative investigation design was exploratory and founded in a life world perspective. Data were collected from fourteen women and fifteen men with alcohol dependency by means of open in-depth interviews and subjected to a phenomenological-hermeneutic analysis. It was found that living with alcohol dependency encompasses a complex but limited life situation in which both women and men strive for social acceptance and adjustment. Women turned out to live a more introverted life than men and presented false facades. Men turned out to live a life in action, risk taking and control. Professional caring was shown to mean availability and confirmation of needs. For men with alcohol dependency professional caring meant support and gentle guidance in their active struggle against their alcohol dependency. For women, professional caring meant having an active caregiver who cherished them and enabled them to rest. Professional caring reduced senses of shame in both women and men. It may be concluded that in order to offer care for men and women with alcohol dependency professional carers have to consider gender specific needs of support and guidance. In addition, in order to alleviate suffering, professional caregivers have to be accessible, supportive and directed toward the alcohol dependent women's and men’s everyday world.

Bakgrund: Tre miljoner människor dör årligen som en konsekvens av deras alkoholkonsumtion. Alkoholberoende är en av de främsta globala orsakerna till förtida död. Alkoholkonsumtion kan härledas till ungefär 200 olika skador och sjukdomar och innebär sociala konsekvenser. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva vuxna personers erfarenheter av att leva med ett alkoholberoende. Metod: En kvalitativ litteraturstudie utfördes för att besvara studiens syfte. Databaserna CINAHL och PsycInfo användes för att hitta de åtta kvalitativa artiklarna som inkluderades i litteraturstudien. Materialet granskades enligt Fribergs femstegsmodell. Resultat: Resultatet ledde fram till det övergripande temat Olika former av lidande med fem underliggande huvudkategorier: Bakomliggande orsaker till alkoholberoende, Fast i alkoholkonsumtionens makt, Konsekvenser av alkoholkonsumtionen, Vändpunkter i alkoholberoendet och Utmaningar med att leva ett nyktert liv. Konklusion: Alkoholberoende personer upplever ett socialt, fysiskt och psykiskt lidande. Utmaningar i livet kvarstår även om personen blivit nykter. Alkoholberoende personer står inför en omfattande stigmatisering av samhället och hälso- och sjukvården. Sjuksköterskan behöver visa medmänsklighet i omvårdnaden och erhålla förbättrad kunskap och insikt i alkoholberoende personers erfarenheter för att kunna understödja deras hälsa och välmående. / Background: Every year, three million people die as a consequence of alcohol consumption and it ́s one of the main causes of global premature death. Consumption of alcohol is known to cause 200 different kinds of injuries and diseases and contributes to negative social consequences. Aim: The purpose of this literature study was to describe adults lived experiences of alcohol dependency. Methods: To answer the purpose a qualitative literature study was conducted. The study constituted of eight qualitative articles found in databases CINAHL and PsycInfo. The research data was analyzed using Fribergs five-step model. Results: The analyze revealed one theme, Various forms of suffering and that it consisted of five main categories: Underlying causes, The grip of alcohol, Consequences, Turning points and Challenges of living sober. Conclusion: Adults with an alcohol dependency experience suffering of social, physical and psychic nature. They experience challenges even if they are living in sobriety and a widespread stigma from society and the health care system. Nurses need to display compassion and improve their knowledge and understanding of lived experiences to better support health and well-being.

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Family Studies and Human Services / Joyce Baptist / The purpose of this study is to expand our understanding of alcohol dependency and its recovery in Northeast Brazil by exploring the lived experience of this disorder and its recovery process among couples whose husbands are seeking treatment for alcohol dependency. Culturally specific values such as patriarchy and gender roles were explored to gain insight into the recovery process. Findings from in-depth interviews conducted with couples and mental health professionals indicated that wives had a major role in the recovery process but were not included in the treatment process. Wives are expected to wait and temporarily “wear the pants” while husbands attend to their personal problems in treatment. Wives were viewed as a major support to husbands in treatment as well as the “stone in the middle of the road” that obstructed progress. The cultural values and gender norms appear to play a major role in how alcohol dependency is managed within the couple system and by mental health professionals. The use of metaphors to externalize problems and religious scripts helped couples cope. Clinical implications for systemic treatment and research implications are discussed.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:21:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tarcisio dos Santos.pdf: 961021 bytes, checksum: f73574589ee57e08d14838e72244bfeb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The research work done in Religious Praxis and Society critically analyses the Social Creed of the Methodist Church, a document that completed it´s first centennial in the year of 2008, whose content presents the social responsability of the Methodist Church as a guide to the pastorals deeds regarding social issues. Having it as a guide line, I intend to ground a pastoral praxis directed to the prevention and monitoring of the people affected by the Alcohol Dependency Syndrome, a problem that strikes an endless number of people, regardless of age, sex or culture. The research combines the inferred meaning of alcohol dependency and health, interpreting it as a moral deviation. For such, it seeks support among numerous sources such as the Alcoholics Anonymous, that develop an esteemed work in this context, relating its precepts to the groundings of the Social Creed. The relevance of the research is in the fact that it demonstrates the Methodist Church´s emplacement fighting vehemently the alcohol addiction, avoiding it as well as alleging everyone to be teetotaler, allowing the construction of new pastorals praxis in this new century initiated by the Social Creed. The work is developed in three chapters which respectively bring the history of the Social Creed since its creation, the different editions it went through, its importance regarding the fight against addiction, among other relevances in the life of both the church and the comunnity. It refers to alcohol as a beverage and also to its historical path, its conceptualizations according to the World Health Organization, culminating in the consequences of its dependency. In conclusion, the third chapter brings the correlation of the previous chapters, fundamenting the pastoral praxis, highlighting pertinent actions and attitudes used by the Methodist Church throughout the years regarding the use of alcoholic drinks, as well as contextualizing the Social Creed in the position and pastoral praxis. / O trabalho de pesquisa, situado na área de Práxis Religiosa e Sociedade analisa criticamente o Credo Social da Igreja Metodista, documento que completou o seu primeiro centenário no ano de 2008, cujo teor é apresentar a responsabilidade social da Igreja Metodista como norteador das ações pastorais frente às questões sociais. Tendo-o como referencial busco fundamentar uma práxis pastoral direcionada a prevenção e ao acompanhamento dos portadores da síndrome da dependência do álcool, problema que atinge um sem número de pessoas, independente da idade e sexo ou cultura. A pesquisa traz a conotação da dependência do álcool vinculada à saúde, interpretando-a como doença que necessita de acompanhamento e cuidado, desvinculando-a do desvio moral. Para tal, busca respaldo entre diversas fontes como os Alcoólicos Anônimos que desenvolvem respeitado trabalho neste âmbito, relacionando seus preceitos às fundamentações do Credo Social. A relevância da pesquisa está em demonstrar a posição da Igreja Metodista em combater veementemente o vício do álcool, evitando-o, bem como preconizando que todos sejam abstêmios, possibilitando a construção de novas práxis pastorais para este novo século iniciado pelo Credo Social. O trabalho é desenvolvido em três capítulos que respectivamente trazem a história do Credo Social desde sua criação, as diferentes edições pelas quais passou, sua importância em relação ao combate aos vícios, dentre outras relevâncias na vida da igreja e da comunidade. Trata do álcool como bebida e sua trajetória histórica, suas conceituações conforme a Organização Mundial de saúde, culminando nas consequências da dependência. Finalizando, o erceiro capítulo traz a correlação dos dois anteriores, undamentando a práxis pstoral, ressaltando ações e posturas pertinentes adotadas pela Igreja Metodista ao longo dos anos em relação ao uso de bebidas alcoolicas, bem como contextualiza o Credo Social na postura e práxis pastoral.

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Lässt sich Persönlichkeit als Risikofaktor bei Personen mit Alkoholabhängigkeit verstehen? Dies ist die Leitfrage der Studie. In einem Querschnittsdesign werden insgesamt 297 alkoholabhängige Personen untersucht. Es wird eine umfassende Persönlichkeitsdiagnostik (TPF, SKID-II, DITS-40) durchgeführt. In unterschiedlichen Bereichen des Suchtverhaltens (Suchtverlauf, Trinkmenge, Abstinenzverhalten, Rückfall) werden Hochrisikogruppen gebildet und mit der jeweils übrigen Stichprobe mittels binär logistischer Regression verglichen. Die Einflussvariablen der logistischen Modelle werden als Risikofaktoren für Hochrisikoverhalten gedeutet. Es zeigt sich, dass Persönlichkeitsvariablen in vielen Bereichen des Suchtverhaltens eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Insbesondere gilt dies für den Suchtverlauf vor der ersten Entgiftungsbehandlung, die Trinkmenge und das Rückfallverhalten. Für den Suchtverlauf nach der ersten Entgiftungsbehandlung und das Abstinenzverhalten gilt dies weitaus weniger. Insgesamt wird Hochrisikoverhalten in unterschiedlichen Bereichen des Suchtverhaltens stark durch Persönlichkeitsvariablen geprägt. Hierauf sollte in der Praxis jede Therapie adäquat reagieren. / Is it possible to consider personality as a risk factor in people who are alcohol dependent? This is the main question to be addressed in this project. A total of 297 alcohol dependent people are tested in a cross-sectional design. A comprehensive personality diagnosis is undertaken (TPF, SKID-II, DITS-40). In various aspects of alcohol abuse (history of abuse, amount consumed, abstinence behaviour, relapse) high-risk groups are formed and compared with the rest of the sample in each case by means of binary logistic regression. The influencing variables of the logistic models are interpreted as risk factors for high risk behaviour. What this shows is that personality variables play a major role in many areas of abusive behaviour. This applies especially to the history of abuse before the first detoxification treatment, the amount consumed an the relapse behaviour. This applies to a far lesser extent to the history of abuse after the first detoxification treatment and abstinence behaviour. Overall, high-risk behaviour in various aspects of alcohol abuse is strongly influenced by personality. Every therapy should have the appropriate answer to this in practise.