Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.S.)--Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 2005. / Typescript (photocopy).

Submitted by Fernando Souza (fernandoafsou@gmail.com) on 2017-09-05T16:21:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1224939 bytes, checksum: ede41fb2e0fe387ead6714159cdbd21e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-05T16:21:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1224939 bytes, checksum: ede41fb2e0fe387ead6714159cdbd21e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-07 / Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that needs self-care activities, in order to maintain its control. Objective: to analyze the relation of attitudes and activities for self-care in elderly people with diabetes mellitus in João Pessoa-PB. Methodology: it is a transversal study, quantitative, which was developed in a Basic Health Unit with 153 diabetic elderly people. The data collection was done between June and July, 2016. They were done descriptive statistical analysis, calculations of absolute and percentage frequencies, as well as measures of central and of dispersion tendency. In addition, comparison tests of averages were developed, considering a confidence interval of 95%, with a significance level fixed in p<0.05. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Paraíba, according to CAAE 54402216.4.0000.5188. Results: the socio-demographic data revealed that 89 (58.2%) elderly people were between 60 and 69 years, 116 (75.8%) were female members, 85 (55.6%) were married, 96 (62.7%) were without schooling, 147 (96.1%) were retired, 81 (52.9%) had 8-years diagnostic time, 93 (60.8%) had associated pathologies, and 121 (79.1%) had no complications. In the ATT-19 scores there was a variation from 43 to 76 points and average total score of 57.87. The clinical characteristics evidenced a statistically significant difference in relation to the average score of the ATT-19 and associated pathologies (p<0.002). As for the total score obtained in the ATT-19 and the average score of each question of the QAD questionnaire, it was evidenced the association between food orientation (p=0.097) and to take the medicines as recommended (p=0.063), the indicated number of tablets for diabetes (p=0.105) and the ingestion of sweets (p<0.003). Conclusion: the study permitted to reflect about the importance of investigating in the diabetic elderly people the self-care practices that are developed to cope with the disease and, thenceforth, to search for strategies in order to attend the emotional and clinical needs. / Introducción: La diabetes mellitus es un trastorno metabólico que, para mantener el control, requiere la realización de las actividades de cuidado de uno mismo. Objetivo: Examinar la relación entre las actitudes y actividades de autocuidado en pacientes ancianos con diabetes mellitus en el municipio de João Pessoa, Estado de Paraíba. Métodos: Estudio transversal, cuantitativo realizado en Unidades Básicas de Salud con 153 pacientes diabéticos ancianos. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo entre junio y julio de 2016. Realizó se el análisis estadístico descriptivo, cálculo de frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes, así como medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión. Se realizaron pruebas de comparación de promedio, mientras que un intervalo de confianza del 95% nivel de significancia fijado en p < 0.05. El proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética e Investigación de la Universidad Federal de Paraíba como el CAAE 54402216.4.0000.5188. Resultados: Datos demográficos revelaron que 89 (58.2%) entre 60 y mayores de 69 años, 116 (75,8%), mujeres (55,6%), 85 (55,6%) casadas, 96 (62,7%) sin escolaridad, 147 retirado (96.1%), 81 (52.9%) tiempo de diagnóstico de 8 años, 93 (60.8%) presentan enfermedades asociadas y 121 (79.1%) sin complicaciones. En decenas de ATT-19 se observó una variación de 43 a 76 puntos y un total de puntuación media de 57.87. Las características clínicas mostraron una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en comparación con la puntuación media de ATT-19 y a patologías asociadas (p < 0.002). En cuanto a la puntuación total obtenida en el ATT-19 y el puntaje de cada pregunta en el cuestionario, PAF se evidenció la asociación entre la orientación dietética (p = 0.097) y tomar los medicamentos, según lo recomendado (p = 0.063), el número de tabletas de la diabetes (p = 0.105) y (p < 0.003) de ingestión. Conclusión: El estudio ha permitido reflexionar sobre la importancia de investigar en las prácticas de autocuidado de los diabéticos de edad avanzada desarrollada para contrarrestar la enfermedad, y, desde allí buscar estrategias que clínico y emocional necesita. / Introdução: O diabetes mellitus é um distúrbio metabólico que, para manter o controle, necessita da realização de atividades de autocuidado. Objetivo: analisar a relação de atitudes e atividades para o autocuidado em idosos com diabetes mellitus no município de João Pessoa-PB. Metodologia: estudo transversal, quantitativo, realizado em Unidades Básica de Saúde, com 153 idosos diabéticos. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre junho e julho de 2016. Realizou-se a análise estatística descritiva, cálculos de frequências absolutas e percentuais, bem como medidas de tendência central e de dispersão. Foram feitos testes de comparação de médias, considerando um intervalo de confiança de 95%, nível de significância fixado em p<0,05. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, conforme o CAAE 54402216.4.0000.5188. Resultados: os dados sociodemográficos revelaram que 89 (58,2%) idosos tinham entre 60 e 69 anos, 116 (75,8%), do sexo feminino, 85 (55,6%) casadas, 96 (62,7%) sem escolaridade, 147 (96,1%) aposentadas, 81 (52,9%) tempo de diagnóstico 8 anos, 93 (60,8%) apresentam patologias associadas e 121 (79,1%) sem complicações. Nos escores do ATT-19 houve variação de 43 a 76 pontos e escore total médio de 57,87. As características clínicas evidenciaram diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação ao escore médio do ATT-19 e patologias associadas (p<0,002). Quanto ao escore total obtido no ATT-19 e a pontuação média de cada questão do questionário QAD, foi evidenciada a associação entre orientação alimentar (p=0,097) e tomar os medicamentos, conforme o recomendado (p=0,063), número indicado de comprimidos do diabetes (p=0,105) e ingestão de doces (p<0,003). Conclusão: o estudo permitiu refletir sobre a importância de investigar nos idosos diabéticos as práticas de autocuidado desenvolvidas para o enfretamento da doença, e, a partir daí, buscar estratégias que venham atender as necessidades clínicas e emocionais.

Desde o advento da terapia anti-retroviral e de sua distribuição gratuita pelo governo brasileiro, milhares de pessoas se tratam e vivem com aids no Brasil. A crescente sobrevida, o tratamento anti-retroviral e o monitoramento da doença através dos exames de CD4 e carga viral tornaram a aids, de acordo com definições biomédicas, uma doença crônica. Esta dissertação busca compreender a experiência da doença das pessoas que vivem com aids neste novo contexto crônico, e discutir as permanências e mudanças ocorridas, após dez anos do início da distribuição gratuita da terapia tripla potente (HAART). Trata-se de uma pesquisa de análise qualitativa de trinta e duas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com pacientes de aids do Estado de São Paulo, realizadas em dois momentos distintos da história da epidemia, 1999 e 2005, que abarcam situações vividas logo após a introdução do coquetel e, posteriormente, com mais tempo de experiência da enfermidade. Seis aspectos da experiência de viver com aids foram analisados: as relações interpessoais e afetivas; as relações ocupacionais; a relação com a biomedicina (anti-retrovirais, exames e médico-paciente); percepção corporal; representações do vírus, do tratamento e da doença; e o conhecimento acerca da doença. Concluiu-se que apesar da definição biomédica da aids como doença crônica, há importantes aspectos vividos pelos pacientes que reeditam dificuldades semelhantes ao início da epidemia, mesmo após anos de vivência com a doença. A vivência da enfermidade crônica é abordada e discutida sob a perspectiva de \"pacientes-sujeitos\", em contraposição à idéia do \"pacienteprofissional\". O maior conhecimento das características destes dois tempos - de aids aguda e de aids crônica - que convivem simultaneamente é de extrema relevância no tratamento dos pacientes crônicos e pode contribuir para pensarmos transformações em termos do cuidado que sejam sensíveis a esta realidade híbrida / The Brazilian government has been providing free and universal access to the HAART therapy for people living with HIV and AIDS for almost ten years. Since then, many epidemiological characteristics have changed, and AIDS became scientifically and medically known as a chronic disease. This qualitative study aims to comprehend the illness experience of people living with AIDS in this new context, and to discuss the challenges occurred during this period. With this purpose, it was held 32 semi-structured interviews with AIDS patients in Sao Paulo State, in 1999 and 2005. Six dimensions of the illness experience were distinguished: (1) interpersonal relationships; (2) occupation activities; (3) the relation with the biomedicine (through out the use of anti-retroviral, CD4 and viral load tests and doctor-patient relationship); (4) body perception; (5) virus and treatment representations and (6) knowledge about the disease. From de data analysis was concluded that even with the new achievements of AIDS becoming a chronic disease in biomedical terms, there are still important aspects lived by the patients that reedit similar fears and difficulties from the first periods of the epidemic. Improving knowledge about the coexistence of these two different times -the acute AIDS and the chronic AIDS- can contribute to think new alternatives of care concerning the services delivery for people living with HIV and AIDS

A adesão do paciente ao tratamento é crucial para a efetividade dos programas de aids. O Programa Brasileiro recomenda monitorar a adesão e incorporar ao cuidado atividades de promoção, tais como atendimentos individuais com foco em adesão. Revisões sistemáticas apontam maior efetividade das intervenções complexas, que incluem sessões de conversas entre profissional-paciente: informativas, educativas e aconselhamentos motivacionais. Criticam: insuficiente explicitação das bases teóricometodológicas das intervenções; enfoque excessivo no nível individual com baixa incorporação do contexto sociocultural; insuficiência de informação acerca da fidelidade aos protocolos. Poucos estudos descrevem a \"intimidade\" das sessões. Planejada para o cuidado individual, uma modalidade de intervenção psicossocial de apoio à adesão teve seu protocolo implementado em ensaio clínico com pacientes adultos, com carga viral detectável, em serviço especializado do SUS, em São Paulo- Brasil. Suas bases teórico-metodológicas: Quadro da Vulnerabilidade e Direitos Humanos na dimensão psicossocial do Cuidado, filiados a uma perspectiva construcionista de psicologia social na saúde. Focada na noção de sucesso prático, a intervenção objetivou contribuir para que as pessoas construíssem formas de conviver melhor com o tratamento que lhes fossem mais convenientes. Baseada na interação profissional-paciente buscou intensificar a dialogia mediante a exploração dos sentidos intersubjetivos que as \"tomadas\" das medicações adquirem em diferentes cenas/cenários. Para avaliar qualitativamente a implementação selecionaram-se 12 casos (4 de cada uma das profissionais que conduziram a intervenção) entre os 44 pacientes do grupo experimental. A análise contemplou dois eixos interdependentes: a) fidelidade da implementação ao protocolo; b) qualidade dialógica das conversações. Apresentamse os resultados em três artigos. A variação nas modalidades e enfoques comunicacionais implementados permitiu a classificação em quatro níveis crescentes de fidelidade ao protocolo: nível 1 (3 casos), nível 2 (6), nível 3 (1), nível 4 (2). A inflexão na direção da dialogia não ocorreu plenamente. Princípios relacionais como solidariedade, não repreensão, foram bem desenvolvidos. As conversas valorizaram experiências singulares de dificuldades com o tratamento e produziram coentendimentos sobre o que acontecia cotidianamente. Entretanto, a decodificação de sentidos na compreensão \"dos problemas\" e criação de \"soluções\" priorizou o nível individual cognitivo-comportamental. Por exemplo, ao invés de dialogar sobre atrasos/perdas de doses em situações sociais relacionadas ao estigma/discriminação, o sentido \"problemas de memória\" prevaleceu na decodificação das falhas no tratamento. Foi incipiente a incorporação de dimensões socioculturais e programáticas ao entendimento das situações e construção/imaginação de estratégias para lidar com \"impasses\" que implicavam prejuízos à adesão. Mesclados à comunicação de enfoque cognitivo-comportamental ocorreram momentos dialógicos que se mostraram mais promissores à construção pelos participantes de enunciados de satisfação, bem-estar, intenções e mudanças práticas benéficas à adesão. Situações psicossociais dos pacientes influíram sobre a comunicação. Quanto mais complexas, desafiam \"o como dialogar\" sobre aspectos graves, sinérgicos e multidimensionais que prejudicam a saúde. São necessárias, mas insuficientes, estratégias que aprimorem a qualidade comunicacional e o enfoque psicossocial das intervenções em adesão nos serviços. Devem complementálas: a coordenação do Cuidado em equipe e ações clínicas e sociais, imediatas e objetivas, para mitigar situações que implicam graves vulnerabilidades, prejudiciais tanto à adesão ao tratamento da aids como à saúde integral / Patient\'s adherence to treatment is essential to the effectiveness of AIDS programs. The Brazilian Program recommends monitoring adherence and incorporating activities to care that promote adherence, such as individual care focusing adherence. Systematic reviews point towards greater effectiveness of complex interventions, which include conversation sessions - educational, informative, motivational counseling - between the health professional and the patient. They criticize: incomplete explanation of the theoretical-methodological bases of interventions; excessive focus on the individual level, with low incorporation of the sociocultural context; insufficient information on the fidelity to protocols. Few studies describe the \"intimacy\" of the conversation sessions. Planned for the individual care, a modality of psychosocial intervention supporting adherence had its protocol implemented in a clinical trial with adult patients with detectable viral load in a specialized care service of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), in São Paulo. The following theoretical-methodological bases were adopted: the Framework of Vulnerability and Human Rights in the psychosocial dimension of Care, affiliated to a social psychology constructionist perspective in health. Focused on the notion of practical success, the intervention aimed at contributing so that people would build ways of coping better with the treatment which was the most convenient for them. Based on the health professional-patient interaction, it sought to intensify dialogic in exploring intersubjective meanings that the medication intake acquires in different scenes/scenarios. In order to qualitatively evaluate implementation, 12 cases (4 cases of each one of the health professionals who conducted the intervention) were selected among 44 cases of the experimental group. The analysis comprised two interdependent axes: a) implementation fidelity to protocol; and b) dialogic quality of conversations. The findings are presented in three papers. Variation in the implemented modalities and communicational approaches allowed the classification in four levels of increasing fidelity to protocol: level 1 (3 cases), level 2 (6 cases), level 3 (1 case), and level 4 (2 cases). Inflection towards dialogic has not completely occurred. Relational principles, such as solidarity and no reprimand, were well developed. The conversations valued singular experiences of difficulties with the treatment. Furthermore, they produced co-understandings on what happened in the daily routine. Nevertheless, the decoding of meanings in understanding \"problems\" and creating \"solutions\" prioritized the cognitive-behavioral individual level. For example, rather than dialoguing on delays/abolishing doses of medication intake in social situations concerning stigma/discrimination, it prevailed the sense of \"memory problems\" in decoding treatment failures. Programmatic and sociocultural dimensions were incipiently incorporated to the understanding of contexts and construction/imagination of strategies to cope with \"impasses\" which implied adherence losses. Mingled with the communication of cognitive-behavioral approach, there were more dialogic moments which showed to be more promising to the construction by the participants of utterances regarding satisfaction, well-being, intentions, and beneficial and practical changes to adherence. The psychosocial situations of patients influenced communication. The more complex, the more they challenge \"how to have a conversation\" about multidimensional, synergistic, serious issues which harm health. It is necessary, but insufficient, to have strategies which enhance the communication quality and psychosocial approach of adherence interventions in care. The coordination of Care as a team and social and clinical actions, both immediate and objective, should complement them in order to mitigate situations which imply serious vulnerabilities that impair AIDS treatment adherence as well as the overall health

Submitted by Fabiana Gonçalves Pinto (benf@ndc.uff.br) on 2015-10-16T13:04:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Maria Ferraz Barros.pdf: 1597352 bytes, checksum: 97df8fbfb2f10f7fd335cad0146ae9c8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-16T13:04:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Maria Ferraz Barros.pdf: 1597352 bytes, checksum: 97df8fbfb2f10f7fd335cad0146ae9c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Mestrado Profissional em Enfermagem Assistencial / Esse estudo se propõe a demonstrar, no universo de participantes do Grupo SOL, certo modo de operar o acolhimento grupal, como uma tecnologia, que agregada ao tratamento da PVHA, influencia na construção da adesão ao tratamento. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de natureza híbrida, exploratória e descritiva, que utilizará como técnica a análise documental e a entrevista semiestruturada dos participantes do grupo em questão, para a produção dos dados. Num primeiro momento, a intenção é dar visibilidade à história do grupo e caracterizar a sua composição e suas dinâmicas, para, a partir daí, buscar-se apreender os seus possíveis efeitos junto aos participantes e analisar se, e em que sentido, tais dinâmicas puderam contribuir para a adesão ao tratamento proposto pela equipe de saúde e para a integração social, diante da necessidade de construir outra e nova forma de ver e viver a vida, uma vez se sabendo pessoa vivendo com HIV/AIDS (PVHA). Como resultado, espera-se dar expressão à produção dos sentidos de saúde, construídos no Grupo SOL, e avaliar se essa modalidade de operar um grupo pode ser considerada como uma tecnologia facilitadora do acolhimento para esses tipos de usuários, em sua “nova perspectiva de vida”, e efetivamente contribuir com a produção do cuidado para indivíduos em tratamento de HIV/AIDS. Além disso, também se espera colaborar no sentido de demonstrar aqueles que se propõem a cuidar de PVHA, como pode ser adequado para a reterritorialização existencial desses indivíduos, por um lado, o compartilhar horizontalizado das angústias que advém dessa condição e, por outro, a socialização democrática das questões que se inscrevem e interferem nos modos de ser e de viver desses indivíduos que vivem com HIV/AIDS. / This study aims to demonstrate, in the universe of SOL Group participants, a way to operate the group hosting, as a technology, which, aggregated with the PLHA treatment, influences the construction of treatment adherence. It is a qualitative research with hybrid, exploratory and descriptive nature, that will use as technique the documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews with this referred group participants, in order to produce all data. In a first moment, the intention is to give visibility to the group history characterizing its composition and dynamics, and then seek to apprehend their possible effects among the participants and examine whether, and in what sense, these dynamics could contribute with the treatment adherence proposed by the professional health team and to social integration, faced with the necessity to build another new way of seeing and living life, considering the fact that they are individuals who are living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA). As a result, it is expected to give expression to the health production meanings, constructed within the SOL Group, and assess whether this form to operate a group can be considered as an enabling hosting technology for these kinds of users, in their "new perspective of life", and effectively contribute to the production of care for individuals in treatment of HIV/AIDS. In addition, it also hopes to collaborate in order to clarify those who propose to take care of PLHA, as it may be appropriate for the existential reterritorialization of these individuals, on the one hand, the share of horizontal anguish that comes from that condition and, on the other hand, the democratic socialization of issues that appear and interfere with the ways of being and living of those individuals with HIV/AIDS.

No / This paper reports the findings of a study which was carried out to evaluate the educational preparation of cancer and palliative care nurses in England. The study was carried out in three stages and covered the following areas; documentary analysis of curriculae, assessment of practice, patients and professionals views of threshold and expert practice. The findings suggested that although there was widespread compliance with a national standard for cancer nursing, this was not the case for palliative care nursing. There was uncertainty about what should be assessed in practice and ambiguity about what was actually assessed. Partnership with children and their parents, clinical skills, multi-disciplinary working, and personal attributes were the main foci for expectations of threshold practice but an expert panel had difficulty in describing the attributes of higher level practice. The paper also describes how some of recommendations from the study are being taken forward in current policy and practice.

by Au-Yeung Kit Mei. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 219-232). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements --- p.i / Abstract --- p.ii / Abstract (Chinese Version) --- p.v / Table of Contents --- p.vii / List of Figures --- p.xiii / List of Tables --- p.xv / List of Abbreviations --- p.xxviii / Chapter CHAPTER ONE: --- INTRODUCTION / Chapter 1.1 --- Health-related Transition in Hong Kong and Their Implications --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- "Eating Habits, Lifestyle and Health of Hong Kong Children" --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Affluent Diet --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Poor Diet Habits --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.2.1 --- Low Breastfeeding Rate --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.2.2 --- Breakfast Skipping --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.2.3 --- Increased Eating Out --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.2.4 --- Quality of School Lunch --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.2.5 --- Snacking Habits --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Physical Inactivity --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- Childhood Obesity Prevalence and Trend --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.5 --- Health Implications and Consequences --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2.6 --- Children's Eating and Physical Activity Habit Formation --- p.13 / Chapter 1.2.6.1 --- Parental Influences --- p.13 / Chapter 1.2.6.2 --- Influence of School Environment and Healthy Food Availability --- p.14 / Chapter 1.2.6.3 --- Media Influences --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3 --- Prevention Rather than Management --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Good Habit Establishment is Essential When Young --- p.16 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Need for Comprehensive Health or Nutrition Education --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Brief Review of Nutrition Education Research in Other Nations --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3.4 --- Nutrition / Health Education in Hong Kong --- p.21 / Chapter 1.3.4.1 --- Government and Community Promotion --- p.21 / Chapter 1.3.4.2 --- Nutrition and Physical Activity in Primary School Syllabus --- p.22 / Chapter 1.3.4.3 --- Barriers --- p.23 / Chapter 1.4 --- Rationale of This Study --- p.24 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Project Background: Multidisciplinary Advisory Committee Composition --- p.24 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Objectives of this Project --- p.24 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Theoretical Framework --- p.25 / Chapter 1.4.4 --- Research Design and Hypothesis --- p.26 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO: --- METHODOLOGY / Chapter 2.1 --- Target Subjects --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2 --- Sample --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Gaining Access To Subjects --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Sample Selection --- p.29 / Chapter 2.3 --- Questionnaires Development and Data Collection --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Questionnaire Design --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3.1.1 --- Students' Questionnaire --- p.31 / Chapter 2.3.1.2 --- Parents' Questionnaire --- p.32 / Chapter 2.3.1.3 --- Pre-testing --- p.32 / Chapter 2.3.1.4 --- Student Helper Training --- p.33 / Chapter 2.3.1.5 --- Reliability and validity of measures --- p.33 / Chapter 2.4 --- Intervention --- p.34 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Intervention Activities and Curriculum Design --- p.34 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Intervention Materials Development and Pre-testing --- p.39 / Chapter 2.5 --- Evaluation --- p.39 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Outcome Evaluation --- p.39 / Chapter 2.5.1.1 --- Data Management --- p.39 / Chapter 2.5.1.2 --- Statistics --- p.40 / Chapter 2.5.1.3 --- "Knowledge,Attitude and Behavior Scores of Students" --- p.40 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- Process Evaluation of Program Materials and Activities During the Intervention --- p.41 / Chapter 2.6 --- Ethics --- p.44 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE: --- RESULTS / Chapter 3.1 --- Response Rate --- p.45 / Chapter 3.2 --- Baseline Characteristics of Students and Parents in Pre-intervention Survey --- p.46 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- General Sociodemographic Characteristics --- p.46 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Breastfeeding --- p.58 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Healthy Diet Pyramid and General Healthy Eating Awareness --- p.63 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Healthy Breakfast --- p.67 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Healthy Eating Out --- p.73 / Chapter 3.2.6 --- Healthy School Lunch --- p.79 / Chapter 3.2.7 --- Healthy Snacking --- p.82 / Chapter 3.2.8 --- Family Dietary Habits --- p.88 / Chapter 3.2.9 --- Physical Activity --- p.97 / Chapter 3.2.10 --- Summary Profile of the Subjects at Pre-intervention Survey --- p.109 / Chapter 3.3 --- Outcome Evaluation --- p.114 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- General Sociodemographic Characteristics of Students and Parents in Post-intervention survey --- p.114 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Breastfeeding --- p.117 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Healthy Diet Pyramid and General Healthy Eating Awareness --- p.122 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Healthy Breakfast --- p.125 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- Healthy Eating Out --- p.130 / Chapter 3.3.6 --- Healthy School Lunch --- p.134 / Chapter 3.3.7 --- Healthy Snacking --- p.138 / Chapter 3.3.8 --- Family Dietary Habits --- p.144 / Chapter 3.3.9 --- Physical Activity --- p.150 / Chapter 3.3.10 --- "Changes in Students' Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior With Respect to Healthy Eating and Physical Activity" --- p.157 / Chapter 3.3.11 --- Summary Profile of the Subjects at Post-intervention Survey --- p.162 / Chapter 3.4 --- Parents' Evaluation of Program Materials and Activities --- p.166 / Chapter 3.5 --- Teachers' Evaluation of Program Materials and Activities --- p.174 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Breastfeeding Evaluation --- p.175 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Program Evaluation: Other FUN-IN-SEVEN Themes --- p.181 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR: --- DISCUSSION / Chapter 4.1 --- Implication of Findings --- p.193 / Chapter 4.2 --- Strengths and Limitations of the Study --- p.210 / Chapter 4.3 --- Major Difficulties Encountered in Launching Nutrition Promotion in Schools --- p.213 / Chapter 4.4 --- Implications and Recommendations for Meeting the Challenges to Improving Hong Kong Primary Students Nutrition and Physical Activity Habits --- p.214 / Chapter CHAPTER FIVE: --- CONCLUSION --- p.218 / References --- p.219 / Appendices / Chapter AI --- Students' questionnaire (Chinese version) --- p.233 / Chapter AII --- Students' questionnaire (English version) --- p.238 / Chapter BI --- Visual aids (Chinese version) --- p.251 / Chapter BII --- Visual aids (English version) --- p.258 / Chapter CI --- Parents' questionnaire (Chinese version) --- p.265 / Chapter CII --- Parents' questionnaire (English version) --- p.273 / Chapter DI --- Introductory letter (Chinese version) --- p.281 / Chapter DII --- Introductory letter (English version) --- p.283 / Chapter EI --- Consent form (Chinese version) --- p.285 / Chapter EII --- Consent form (English version) --- p.286 / Chapter F --- Principal/teacher questionnaire --- p.287 / Chapter G --- Background information of the partner schools --- p.289 / Chapter H --- Summary of materials and activities of FUN-IN-SEVEN Programme (Chinese version) --- p.291 / Chapter KI --- "Programme materials, pamphlets/brochures and photographs of some activities" --- p.292 / Chapter LI --- Parents' evaluation (Chinese version) --- p.370 / Chapter LII --- Parents' evaluation (English version) --- p.372 / Chapter MI --- Teachers' breastfeeding evaluation (Chinese version) --- p.373 / Chapter MII --- Teachers' breastfeeding evaluation (English version) --- p.375 / Chapter NI --- Teachers' programme evaluation (Chinese version) --- p.377 / Chapter NII --- Teachers' programme evaluation (English version) --- p.381 / Chapter P --- Socioeconomic background information of partner schools --- p.385

by Wan Cheuk Wing. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves p. 166-183). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgements --- p.i / Abstract --- p.ii-iii / Abstract (Chinese Version) --- p.iv / Table of Contents --- p.v-xi / List of Figures --- p.xii / List of Tables --- p.xiii-xxiii / List of Abbreviations --- p.xxiiv / Chapter CHAPTER ONE: --- INTRODUCTION / Chapter 1.1 --- "Socioeconomic, dietary and epidemiological transformation" --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Low breastfeeding rate --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Breakfast skipping --- p.6 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Popularity of eating out --- p.8 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- Lack of school lunch surveillance or policy --- p.10 / Chapter 1.1.5 --- Frequent unhealthy snack consumption --- p.11 / Chapter 1.1.6 --- Physical inactivity --- p.12 / Chapter 1.2 --- "Childhood and Adolescent obesity determinants, trends and consequences" --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3 --- "Physiological, psychosocial and economic determinants of childhood and adolescent obesity" --- p.16 / Chapter 1.4 --- Adolescence - Critical period of habit development --- p.17 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- "Factors affecting eating and physical activity patterns: peers, television and the school environment" --- p.18 / Chapter 1.5 --- The education system in Hong Kong and United States --- p.20 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Principles of effective nutrition curriculum development --- p.23 / Chapter 1.6 --- Study Design and Theoretical Approach of study --- p.23 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO: --- METHODOLOGY / Chapter 2.1 --- Target Population Determination --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2 --- Recruitment & Geographical Distribution of Schools --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Familiarization with School Background --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3 --- Focus groups --- p.31 / Chapter 2.4 --- "Questionnaire Development, Instrument Design and Pre-testing" --- p.32 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Questionnaire Development --- p.32 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Socio-demographic --- p.33 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Breastfeeding --- p.33 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- "Dietary - Healthy Diet Pyramid, Healthy Breakfast, Healthy Lunch, Healthy Snack, Healthy Eating Out" --- p.33 / Chapter 2.4.5 --- Physical Activity --- p.34 / Chapter 2.4.6 --- Pretesting --- p.35 / Chapter 2.4.7 --- Sampling Method --- p.35 / Chapter 2.4.8 --- Student Helpers Training --- p.36 / Chapter 2.4.9 --- Data Collection --- p.37 / Chapter 2.4.10 --- Fun-In-Seven Logo --- p.37 / Chapter 2.5 --- Intervention Program --- p.38 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Planning the Intervention Programs - Health Committee Establishment --- p.38 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- "Intervention Activities, Curriculum Design and Implementation" --- p.39 / Chapter 2.6 --- Evaluations --- p.45 / Chapter 2.6.1 --- Process Evaluation --- p.45 / Chapter 2.6.2 --- Outcome Evaluation --- p.45 / Chapter 2.7 --- Data Management --- p.46 / Chapter 2.7.1 --- Data Processing --- p.46 / Chapter 2.7.2 --- Statistics --- p.46 / Chapter 2.7.3 --- Data Analysis --- p.47 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE: --- RESULTS / Chapter 3.1 --- Participation rate of the study --- p.52 / Chapter 3.2 --- Pre-intervention survey results --- p.52 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- General sociodemographic characteristics of students --- p.52 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Self-evaluated nutrition scores --- p.53 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Breastfeeding --- p.55 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Healthy Diet Pyramid --- p.61 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Healthy breakfast awareness and practices --- p.64 / Chapter 3.2.6 --- "Eating out knowledge, attitudes and practices" --- p.68 / Chapter 3.2.7 --- Healthy Lunch --- p.73 / Chapter 3.2.8 --- Snack patterns --- p.77 / Chapter 3.2.9 --- Physical Activity --- p.81 / Chapter 3.2.10 --- Summary Profile of the Secondary Students in the Pre-intervention Survey --- p.92 / Chapter 3.3 --- Outcome evaluation --- p.95 / Chapter 3.4 --- Post-intervention Survey --- p.95 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- General sociodemographic characteristics of students --- p.95 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Changes in self-rated nutrition knowledge --- p.96 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Intervention effects on of breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes --- p.97 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Healthy Diet Pyramid and healthy eating awareness --- p.104 / Chapter 3.4.5 --- Breakfast --- p.109 / Chapter 3.4.6 --- Eating Out --- p.113 / Chapter 3.4.7 --- Lunch --- p.117 / Chapter 3.4.8 --- Snacking --- p.121 / Chapter 3.4.9 --- Physical Activity --- p.128 / Chapter 3.4.10 --- "Changes in students' knowledge, attitude, and behavior after the intervention programme" --- p.140 / Chapter 3.5 --- Summary Profile of the Secondary Students in the Post-intervention Survey --- p.145 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR: --- DISCUSSION / Chapter 4.1 --- Impacts of Fun-in-Seven programmes --- p.150 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Breastfeeding --- p.150 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Healthy Diet Pyramid --- p.151 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- Healthy Breakfast --- p.152 / Chapter 4.1.4 --- Lunch --- p.153 / Chapter 4.1.5 --- Snacking --- p.155 / Chapter 4.1.6 --- Physical Activity --- p.156 / Chapter 4.2 --- Strengths of the intervention programme --- p.157 / Chapter 4.3 --- Limitations and problems encountered --- p.159 / Chapter 4.4 --- Recommendations for further improvement --- p.161 / Chapter CHAPTER FIVE: --- CONCLUSION --- p.165 / References --- p.166-180 / Appendices / Chapter A --- Questionnaire for Teacher/Principal (English version) --- p.181-183 / Chapter B --- Secondary School Background Information (English version) --- p.184-195 / Chapter CI --- Questionnaire (Chinese version) --- p.196-209 / Chapter CII --- Questionnaire (English version) --- p.210-224 / Chapter D --- Pamphlets for seven themes (Chinese and English versions) --- p.225-257 / Chapter E --- Worksheets & Certificates (Chinese and English versions) --- p.258-283 / Chapter F --- Activities photos (English version) --- p.284-288 / Chapter G --- Summary of materials and activities of each theme in Fun-in-Seven (Chinese version) --- p.289 / Chapter HI --- Breastfeeding and Physical Activity Process Evaluation Questionnaire (Chinese version) --- p.290-291 / Chapter HII --- Breastfeeding and Healthy Diet Pyramid Process Evaluation Questionnaire (English version) --- p.292-294 / Chapter JI --- "Physical Activity, Breakfast, Lunch, Eat Out, Snack Outcome Evaluation (Chinese version) - School 1" --- p.295-299 / Chapter JII --- "Physical Activity, Breakfast, Lunch, Eat Out, Snack Outcome Evaluation (English version)" --- p.300-305 / Chapter KI --- "Physical Activity, Breakfast, Lunch, Eat Out, Snack Outcome Evaluation (Chinese version) - School 2" --- p.306-309 / Chapter KII --- "Physical Activity, Breakfast, Lunch, Eat Out, Snack Outcome Evaluation (English version) ´ؤ School 2" --- p.310-313 / Chapter LI --- "Physical Activity, Breakfast, Lunch, Eat Out, Snack Outcome Evaluation (Chinese version) ´ؤ School 3" --- p.314-317 / Chapter LII --- "Physical Activity, Breakfast, Lunch, Eat Out, Snack Outcome Evaluation (English version) ´ؤ School 3" --- p.318-322 / Chapter MI --- Teacher's Outcome Evaluation Form (Chinese version) ´ؤ School --- p.323-324 / Chapter MII --- Teacher's Outcome Evaluation Form (English version) 一 School --- p.325-327 / Chapter NI --- Teacher's Outcome Evaluation Form (Chinese version) ´ؤ School --- p.328-329 / Chapter NII --- Teacher's Outcome Evaluation Form (English version) - School --- p.330-332 / Chapter PI --- Teacher's Outcome Evaluation Form (Chinese version) - School --- p.333-334 / Chapter PII --- Teacher's Outcome Evaluation Form (English version) 一 School --- p.335-337 / Chapter QI --- Health Ambassador's Outcome Evaluation Form (Chinese version) --- p.338-339 / Chapter QII --- Health Ambassador's Outcome Evaluation Form (English version) --- p.340-341