The thesis deals with basic principles of agile software development and describes their advantages compared to the traditional approach. Siemens, s.r.o in Brno uses combination of Scrum and Kanaban as part of organizational processes, therefore the thesis focuses mainly on the method Scrum, Kanban, Scrum-ban and compares these methods with each other. The thesis also analyzes the existing project and results were consulted with the representative of the Siemens company together with the proposals for improvement. JIRA plugin was designed and implemented base on our mutual agreement. This module extends the current tool for analyzing agile projects, this leads to better support of decision making in the context of agile processes. Benefits and further upgrades are consulted at the end of the thesis.

This thesis addresses the issue of autonomous weapons systems and their potential preventive prohibition with regard to current international discussions at multilateral forums such as the Human Rights Council, First Committee of the General Assembly, and Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons at UN. The aim of this thesis is to provide an extensive empirical account of the substance of those discussions and their most likely outcome, estimating state preferences with use of content analysis and the likely outcome with median voter prediction. From a theoretical standpoint, the thesis draws from defensive realism and contributions of arms control, arms trade as well as institutionalist literature from which it draws the concept of legalization. From a methodological standpoint, the thesis relies on quantitative methods, in particular, content analysis for collection of data and median voter theorem for prediction of the likely outcome. In addition, the thesis uses the method of regression analysis to examine states' activity at the aforementioned fora. In conclusion, the thesis finds that the most likely outcome of discussions on autonomous weapons systems is a moderate-obligation form of hybrid regulation, which includes solutions such as framework convention and moratorium. Further finding of...

Freoner är ett stort problem för människors hälsa och andra levande organismer på grund av freons nedbrytande effekt på ozonlagret. Forskare upptäckte problemen med freon och varningar från forskningssamhället uppmärksammades av huvudproducenter av freoner samt av allmänheten då påverkan på ozonlagret ökar risken för bland annat hudcancer. Montrealprotokollet blev starten på de internationella konventioner som senare implementerades. Dock finns det ett flertal växthusgaser idag som också är ozonnedbrytande som inte ingår under någon konvention. Den globala uppvärmningen är en effekt av ökad mängd växthusgaser i atmosfären och detta kräver ett internationellt samarbete för att kunna lösas. I Montrealprotokollet ingår ODS (Ozonnedbrytande substanser) där freon innefattas. Syftet för denna studie var att belysa vad som gjorde freonförbudet lyckat, och om det är möjligt att tillämpa dessa nyckelaspekter på en av dagens växthusgaser som liknar freon. NO2 valdes för att begränsa urvalet.  Denna litteraturstudie använde sig av databaser för att finna relevanta källor genom nyckelord, därefter valdes källor utefter relevansen till frågeställningen samt att de skulle vara opartiska. Resultatet av denna studie pekar på svårigheterna med att implementera det arbetssätt som ledde till freonförbudet, på gasen NO2, som hade liknande egenskaper som freon. Detta på grund av att dagens växthusgaser är svåra att reglera utsläppet på. Växthusgaser finns globalt och det finns inte en tydlig utsläppskälla som går att reglera samt hitta ett substitut för. Korrelationen till den mänskliga hälsan och miljön, är också en nyckelaspekt till varför förbudet mot freoner var lyckat. / Freons became a large problem for society when scientists proved the ozone depletion effect, which proved to have a negative effect on human health and other living organisms. The ozone layer which was known for its protective qualities against UV-radiation lead to a new field of study, ODS (ozone depleting substances). The warnings from the scientist society and the public were eminent. The research pointed out, among other things, the increasing risk of skin cancer. This forced fast new research and several international conventions to save the ozone layer. But there are several greenhouse gases, which also have the degrading effect on the ozone layer, that are in use today. This require an international cooperation for the environment to be able to solve. The aim of this report was to illustrate why the freon ban was a success and why it would be hard to implement these key concepts on a similar present greenhouse gas. In this literature study, several databases were used to find relevant sources for the main questions and unbiased for the topic. The key aspects in this study is presented in the result section. The result pointed at the difficulties with implementing the same way of work as at the freon ban to the greenhouse gas ban. Different aspects play an important role in this, but one of the greater difficulties for implementing this is to pinpoint it to a specific source for gas emissions and finding a sustainable solution for it. The correlation between human health and environmental issues was a key factor in the freon ban.

The bachelor thesis examines the protection of religious freedom in Sweden and France, with a main point on the right to wear religious symbols and clothing. The subject is processed in relation to the Member States obligations in accordance with the freedom of religion, provided for in Article 9 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights. The right to wear religious symbols and attire has a broad meaning, and in this thesis special focus is placed on the right to wear a religious veil, as the Swedish legal situation is in stark contrast to the French law's restrictive view on the subject. In order to answer the thesis main question, a legal-judicial and comparative law approach is applied. Legislation that has been dealt with in its entirety, is the second chapter in the Swedish regeringsformen (1974:152), the European Convention, the French principle of laïcité, the French Education Act (Article L141-5-1 du Code de l’éducation), the French law on the prohibition of veils in public environments (Loi n° 2010-1192  du 11 octobre 2010 interdisant la dissimulation du visage dans l'espace public) and the French Constitution (Constitution of October 4, 1958). Finally, the authors orientation in the research questions of the essay has been emphasized, and a remark about the French legislation has been made.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka scenkonstnärligt yrkesverksammas upplevelse av publikrestriktionerna till följd av Covid-19. För att besvara studiens frågeställning och belysa den individuella aktörens erfarenheter av fenomenet har en kvalitativ forskningsmetod använts. En semistrukturerad intervjuguide utformades utifrån frågeställningen och applicerades vid intervjutillfällena. I studien deltog fyra personer varav två var dansare och två teaterskådespelare. Frågeställningen löd; Hur upplever scenkonstnärligt yrkesverksamma restriktionerna beträffande publikbegränsning i sitt framträdande? Den insamlande data analyserades med tematisk analys och fyra teman fastställdes. Följaktligen; Publikens fysiska närvaro ger energi, att få tillbaka av publiken, andra vägar till prestation och det digitala rummet vidgas. Studiens resultat indikerar att en uteblivande publik haft en upplevd effekt på aktörens energi, nervositet, adrenalin och motivation. Vidare förefaller den direkta responsen av en närvarande publik kunna kopplas till yttre belöningar och motivationsfaktorer. Resultatet talade också för en ökad användning av digitala hjälpmedel i och med Covid-19 då fysiska träffar inte varit möjligt. Detta upplevs ha skapat nya utmaningar i fråga om medier och den kreativa processen. / The purpose of this study was to investigate how professionals within the performing arts experience the public ban as a result of Covid-19. To answer the researche question and shed light on the individual actor's experiences of the phenomenon, a qualitative research method has been applied. A semi-structured interview guide was designed based on the research question and used during the interviews. Four people participated in the study, two of whom were dancers and two theater actors. The question was; How do professionals within the performing arts experience the restrictions regarding audience limitation in their performance? The collected data were analyzed with thematic analysis and four themes were established. The audience's physical presence provides energy, Getting back from the audience, Other paths to performance and the digital space expands. The results of the study indicate that an absent audience had a perceived effect on the actor's energy, nervousness, adrenaline and motivation. Furthermore, the direct response of a present audience seems to be related to external rewards and motivational factors. The result also showed an increased use of digital aids since Covid-19 as physical meetings were not possible. This is perceived to have created new challenges in terms of media and the creative process.

Since August 2022, the use of cell phones in Swedish schools is regulated by law. In this study, the implementation of the cell phone ban is studied from the perspective of upper secondary school teachers as an example of implementation within a street-level bureaucracy setting. Interviews were conducted with eight teachers to examine what factors they experience as affecting the implementation, how they act while implementing the ban, what discretion they experience in the implementation and what their opinions on discretion are. The study shows that the teachers generally understand the law and its implementation, but that knowledge-related issues concerning for example the implementation in specific situations exist. The willingness to implement varies among the teachers, which mainly seems to be connected to their views on cell phone use in the classroom and – in some cases – views on policy efficiency. Some teachers also have issues implementing the ban due to lack of time, information and support from colleagues, the number of students they must keep an eye on, and students opposing the ban. While several teachers collect the students’ phones or tell them to put them away, there are also those who do not act to implement the ban or only do it in certain cases. Finally, the teachers all experience discretion and find this positive, but some teachers see issues with other teachers having discretion and not implementing the ban.

The Blackbird is an all-activity house designed and programmed according to the culture in the countryside. The cornerstones of the project is the construction that allows for a flexible interior and the pursuit of reaching total ecological sustainability. ActivityThe Blackbird is Alberga's all-activity house that encourages creativity, production and organized chaos. Here are premises, equipment and staff that enable activities that may not be so easy to perform at home; activities that require large spaces, expensive equipment or special skills. The building also offers bookable meeting rooms larger rooms for conferences, parties and other events.Activities in The Blackbird:- Studio: painting, drawing, sculpture, exhibition- Music: studio, instruments, podcast- Workshop: sheet metal, wood- Garage: car lift, spray room FlexibilityWith a culture that is constantly evolving and changing, how do you ensure that a building dedicated to cultural activities fulfills its function and remains relevant throughout its entire life? The answer is flexibility. Large CLT elements in collaboration with trusses create long spans and interior space much like a sports hall. Inside the building's load - bearing shell, there are large voids that enable flexible programming of the interior, which means that the building can be adapted to current needs. Local cultureIn the countryside, there is a culture that revolves around vintage cars, motorcycles, and other motorized vehicles. Even within this culture, you will find environmentally conscious car enthusiasts who have begun to convert their vehicles to electric power in step with the global transition from fossil to renewable. This trend should be encouraged and therefore The Blackbird offers a garage containing all the necessary equipment and mechanically skilled personel to help ordinary people electrify their vehicles.  Ecological sustainabilityLocal raw materials: The Blackbird is built with boards of CL-timber made from timber from the trees on the lot. The load-bearing frame structure in CLT is insulated with wood fiber insulation which creates similar qualities to a modern log house. One with nature: flora and fauna enclose the building on the meadow roof and between the pillar construction under the building. Non-toxic materials: a protective membrane of charcoal produced by burning wood (shou sugi ban) gives the building its black color and protects the wood from the weather and wind without using toxic chemicals, paints and plastics. Bio-concrete: the floors in the building must be durable and easy to clean due to the car garage and this environmentally friendly alternative to concrete fits the criteria. SystemElectricity for The Blackbird comes from the local wind and solar energy park. The building has its own treatment plant that produces fertilizer for the local cultivation industry. The water in the taps comes mainly from collected rainwater from the roofs and the FTX ventilation uses the heat / cold in the indoor air. In addition, the air is taken in far outside the building and led through a long pipe under the ground that cools / preheats the intake air. / Koltrasten är ett allaktivitetshus som utformats och programmerats efter kulturen på landsbygden. Grundpelarna i projektet är konstruktionen som tillåter en flexibel interiör samt strävan efter total ekologisk hållbarhet. AktivitetKoltrasten är Albergas allaktivitetshus som uppmuntrar kreativitet, produktion och organiserat kaos. Här finns lokaler, utrustning och personal som möjligör aktiviteter som kanske inte är så lätta att utföra i hemmet; aktiviter som kräver stora utrymmen, dyr utrustning eller kompetens. Byggnaden erbjuder även bokningsbara mötesrum större lokaler för konferenser, fester och andra evenemang.Aktiviteter i Koltrasten:• Ateljé: målning, teckning, skulptering, utställning• Musik: studio, instrument, podcast• Verkstad: plåt, trä• Garage: billift, sprayrum FlexibilitetMed en kultur som ständigt utvecklas och förändras, hur ser man till att en byggnad ägnad åt kulturverksamhet fyller sin funktion och förblir relevant under hela sin livslängd? Svaret är flexibilitet. Stora KL-element i samverkan med fackverk skapar långa spännvidder och invändig rymd likt en idrottshall. Innanför byggnadens bärande skal finns stora tomrum som möjliggör en flexibel programmering och inredning vilket betyder att byggnaden kan anpassas efter aktuella behov.  Lokal kulturPå landsbygden finns det en kultur som kretsar kring veteranbilar, raggarbilar, motorcyklar, EPA-traktorer och andra motoriserade fordon. Även innom denna kutur hittar man mijömedvetna bilfantaster som börjat konvertera sina fordon till eldrift i takt med den globala omställningen från fossilt till förnybart. Denna trend bör uppmuntras och därför finns i Koltrasten idag en stor bilhall innehållande all den nödvändig utrustning och kompetens som krävs för att hjälpa gemene man att konvertera sitt fordon till eldrift.  Ekologisk hållbarhetLokal råvaror: Koltrasten är byggd med KL-skivor som tillverkats av den avverkade granskogen. Bärande stomme och ytskickt i KL-trä som isoleras med träfiberisolering; ett modernt timmerhus helt enkelt. Ett med naturen: flora och fauna omsluter byggnaden på ängstaken och mellan pelarkontruktionen under byggnaden. Giftfria material: en skyddande hinna av förkolning som framställs genom att bränna trä (shou sugi ban) ger byggnaden sin svarta färg och skyddar träet mot väder och vind undan giftiga kemikalier och färger och plaster. Bio-betong: golven i byggnaden måste vara slitstarka i och med bilhallen och därför lämpar sig detta miljövänliga alternativ till betong som ytskikt.  SystemElectricitet till Koltrasten kommer från den lokala vind- och solenenergiparken. Byggnaden har ett eget reningsverk som producerar gödsel till den lokala odlingsindustrin. Rinnanade vatten i kranar kommer främst från uppsamlat regnvatten från taken och FTX-ventilationen tar till vara på värmen/kylan i innomhusluften. Dessutom tas luften in långt utanför byggnaden och leds genom ett långt rör under marken som förkyler/förvärmer in-luften.

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Introduction: In 2022 the conflict between Russia and Ukraine led Facebook to encourage a rise of hate speech and use of violence against Russian people. This led the Russian government to take measures and ban the use of western social media such as Facebook and Instagram in Russia and proclaim the Meta organization as an extremist organization. The ban caused various reactions which consequently led to a divergence in responses and opinions. Furthermore, the situation raises the question if the ban of western social media platforms is affecting Russian ICTs users' perception and political opinion. Aim: The aim of the study is to examine how the ban of western social media giants in Russia (Facebook, Instagram) affect Russian ICTs users’ attitude in the context of “critical citizen” or regime supporter. Also, the reasons why some Russians avoid western ICTs ban by using VPN and how some Russians experience ICTs censorship. A theoretical framework has been developed for the purpose to identify the different factors which might possibly lead to the emergence of “critical citizen” or pro-government citizen. Methodology: Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect empirical data and fulfill the purpose of the thesis. Conclusion and contribution: The empirical data shows that the ban of Western ICTs (Facebook, Instagram) in Russia did not negatively affect ICTs users’ attitude toward Russian government nor encouraged an emergence of “critical citizen” rather in most cases raise an understanding and support of the ban even among those who still using Facebook and Instagram.  Findings show that VPN usage in most cases correlated with habits of preferences rather than a seeking of western political information. Furthermore, the user's perception on Facebook and Instagram censorship is more neutral/negative in context of general restriction and neutral/positive in context of Western influence resistance.