Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / O custo da cesta bÃsica influencia o salÃrio mÃnimo do trabalhador brasileiro,os resultados deste estudo podem, nesse sentido, evidenciar nÃo somente o comportamento de preÃos bÃsicos do mercado, mas tambÃm da tendÃncia e do comportamento do salÃrio mÃnimo, alÃm das relaÃÃes causais e de transmissÃo de preÃos entre as cidades. Nesse contexto, reveste-se de importÃncia estudos que buscam verificar a integraÃÃo espacial entre os preÃos da cesta bÃsica, aplicado Ãs capitais do Brasil. O presente trabalho abrange sÃries temporais mensais dos preÃos da cesta bÃsica das capitais do nordeste brasileiro AracajÃ, Fortaleza, Natal, JoÃo Pessoa, Recife e Salvador e taxas do mercado financeiro (taxa de juros, taxa de inflaÃÃo e taxa de cÃmbio) compreendendo do perÃodo de julho de 1994 a dezembro de 2013. A pesquisa tem como hipÃtese central os preÃos dos alimentos que compÃem a cesta bÃsica do Decreto-Lei 399/38 entre as capitais da RegiÃo Nordeste do Brasil sÃo integrados e, como objetivo geral verificar a integraÃÃo entre os mercados da cesta bÃsica nas principais capitais do Nordeste do Brasil e objetivos especÃficos analisar a causalidade e transmissÃo de preÃos entre a cesta bÃsica das seis capitais do Nordeste do Brasil e avaliar a causalidade entre as taxa de juros, taxa de inflaÃÃo, taxa de cÃmbio e os preÃos da cesta bÃsica das seis capitais do Nordeste do Brasil. A pesquisa trabalhou anÃlise bivariada e multivariada com metodologias de causalidade e transmissÃo de preÃos avaliando em princÃpio a estacionariedade com os testes ADF e KPSS, co-integraÃÃo com o teste de Engle e Granger baseado em Johansen, transmissÃo de preÃos atravÃs do vetor de correÃÃo de erros (VEC), conforme necessÃrio, por fim o teste de causalidade de Granger. Os resultados para uma anÃlise bivariada mostraram que as sÃries sÃo estacionÃrias, possuindo co-integraÃÃo de ordem (I), mostrando atravÃs da anÃlise multivariada a transmissÃo de preÃos entre as capitais Salvador e Fortaleza para com Aracaju, Natal, Recife e JoÃo Pessoa. Para o teste de causalidade os mercados que mostraram ter uma relaÃÃo de causa e efeito foi Aracajà x Salvador e, para as taxas de mercado financeiro, a taxa de juros possui intensa transmissÃo de informaÃÃes e operaÃÃes arbitrÃrias, a taxa de cÃmbio nenhuma relaÃÃo significativa e a taxa de inflaÃÃo relaÃÃo causal proporcional entre intensidade das informaÃÃes. / The cost of the basic food basket influences the minimum wage of the Brazilian worker, the results of this study may, in these terms, reflect not only the behavior of basic market prices, but also the trend and behavior of the minimum wage, in addition to causal relationships and the transmission of prices between cities.Highlighting, in this context, the importance of studies that seek to verify the spatial integration between prices of basic food baskets, applied in the capitalsof Brazil.This study covers a monthly time-series of prices of the basic food baskets in the capitalsof the northeast of Brazil:AracajÃ, Fortaleza, Natal, JoÃo Pessoa, Recife and Salvador and the financial market rates (interest rate, inflation rate and exchange rate) in the July 1994 to December 2013 period.The study has as central hypothesis to verify if the prices of foodstuffs, which compose the basic food basket according to Decree-Law 399/38, are integrated between the capitals in the Northeast Region of Brazil, as general objective to verifythe integration between markets of the basic food basket in the main capitals in the Northeast of Brazil, and as specific objectives to analyze causality and transmission of prices of the basic food basket in the six capitals in the Northeast of Brazil and assess causality between interest rates, inflation rates, exchange rates and prices of the basic food baskets in the six capitals in the Northeast of Brazil. The study used bivariate and multivariate analysis with causality and transmission of price methods;initially assessing stationarity with ADF and KPSS tests, co-integration with the Engle-Granger test based on Johansen, price transmission using vector error correction (VEC) models, as necessary, and finally the Granger causality test.The results from the bivariate analysis showed that the series are stationary, with the co-integration of order (I), showing the transmission of prices, through multivariate analysis, between the capitals:Salvador and Fortaleza to Aracaju, Natal, Recife andJoÃo Pessoa. For the causality test the markets that presented a cause-effect relationship were Aracajà x Salvador, and for financial market rates, the interest rate has an intense transmission of information and arbitrary operations, the exchange rate has no significant relationship and the inflation rate has causal relationship proportional to the intensity of information

Esta dissertação de mestrado tem como objetivo, elaborar um modelo de segmentação baseando-se no comportamento comprovado de consumo de clientes, valendo-se das técnicas de Análise de Associação e Análise de Cesto de Compras, aplicadas aos dados das faturas de cartão de crédito dos clientes. A partir do modelo proposto, testou-se a previsibilidade das próximas transações dos clientes por meio de uma amostra de validação. A motivação desta pesquisa provém de três pilares: Contexto Científico, Tecnológico e Mercadológico. No Contexto Científico, apesar de já terem sido publicados artigos que associam a utilização do cartão de crédito a perfis de segmentação de clientes, não se encontram publicados estudos que relacionam dados da própria utilização do cartão como fonte de informação do cliente. A razão mais provável para isso é a dificuldade no levantamento dos dados fundamentais para este tipo de pesquisa. Com o apoio de uma grande instituição financeira, este trabalho está se tornando viável, sob o preceito da análise apenas sobre bases de clientes anônimos e que não transpareça informações estratégicas da instituição. No contexto tecnológico, com a tecnologia de informação em crescente desenvolvimento, as operações feitas com cartão de crédito tem o processamento on-line em tempo real, promovendo a troca de informação entre o estabelecimento comercial e a instituição emissora do cartão de crédito no momento em que a cobrança é lançada e aceita pelo consumidor final. Isso possibilita que ações promocionais sejam realizadas em toda a cadeia de valor de cartões de crédito, gerando mais valor para os clientes e empresas. No contexto mercadológico, o Brasil apresentou altas taxas de crescimento do mercado de cartões de crédito nas últimas décadas, substituindo os outros meios mais antigos de pagamento e de crediário. Especialmente no Brasil, observam-se compras pagas com o uso do cartão de crédito parceladas com e sem juros, o que contribui para a substituição de outras formas de crédito. Como benefício deste trabalho, concluiu-se que a partir do conhecimento do consumo do cliente, pode-se aplicar a análise de cesto de compras para prever as próximas transações dos clientes, a fim de segmentar os clientes para estimulá-los a aderir a uma determinada oferta. / The objective of this research is elaborating a Segmentation Model based on credit card client\'s behavior using Link Analysis and Market Basket Analysis techniques. The proposed model was used to testing the predictability of next client transactions through validation sample. Scientific, technological and marketing scenarios are the three motivational pillars of this research. On scientific context there were published studies that associate credit card use with segmentation profile of customer. However these studies do not establish relationship between data from own clients credit card utilization. One probably reason for this lack analysis into studies is the difficult collect of fundamental data. This research was feasible with the support of a great Brazilian financial group. On technological context is observed a wide information technology development. Credit cards transactions have on-line processing. This scenario allows exchange information between market and credit card institution at the moment of final client transaction approval. This technology permits that actions be realized along credit card value chain based on transactions that have been made. On marketing context, during the latest decades, Brazil has shown large growth rates on credit card beyond older ways of payment. In Brazil, is observed a wide utilization of credit cards in installment purchases contributing for the replacement of other ways of credits. This research conclude that from the knowledge of client consume profile, using the Market Basket Analysis technique, it is possible to get a forecast of purchase transactions with the objective to stimulate the consumer in accept particular offer.

Arbetet genomfördes i samarbete med Falu Basket som var i behov av en ny grafisk profil, då deras befintliga var osammanhängande och inte attraherade deras målgrupp. Vi ställde oss frågan: Hur kan Falu Baskets grafiska profil moderniseras så att den attraherar målgruppen, medlemmar i föreningen i åldrarna 10–15 år? Det genomfördes en intervju med en styrelsemedlem i syfte att ta fram fakta om föreningen och för att få en bättre förståelse för hur de ville identifiera sig. Två visuella innehållsanalyser utfördes på basketlag i Norra Svealand för att ta reda på hur konkurrenternas logotyper och profilkläder såg ut. En enkätundersökning genomfördes på Falu Baskets medlemmar för att kunna utforma en logotyp efter deras önskemål. Utöver det genomfördes en webbenkätundersökning på Grafiskt kunniga för att kunna ta fram teckensnitt till en grafisk manual och Falu Baskets hemsida. För att ta fram en design till Falu Baskets profilkläder genomfördes en fokusgrupp med Falu Baskets målgrupp. Metoderna gav underlag till att utforma den nya grafiska profilen. Resultatet blev en könsneutral logotyp som attraherade målgruppen. Profilkläderna utformades efter målgruppens önskemål och resultatet från den visuella innehållsanalysen. Teckensnitten som valdes ansågs passa till logotypen och vara moderna. Resultaten från undersökningen gav oss underlag att skapa en väl genomarbetad grafisk profil i form av en grafisk manual som var sammanhängande, modern, könsneutral och tilltalade målgruppen. / This assignment was done in cooperation with Falu Basket, who were in need of a new graphical profile because their current ones were incoherent and did not attract their intended audience. We asked us the question: ”How can Falu Basket 's old graphic identity be modernized so that it attracts their intended target group, members of the organization in the ages between 10 and 15 years?”. An interview was conducted with a board member for the purpose of gathering facts about the organization and to get a better understanding of how they would like to identify themselves. To get a better view of what other competing basketball organizations logos and profile clothes looked like, two visual content analyses was performed. A survey was conducted on the members of Falu Basket to be able to design a logo based on their requests. In addition to these, a web survey was given to people who were graphically knowledgeable in order to derive a suitable font to a graphical manual and for Falu Basktes website. To develop a design for Falu Baskets profile clothes, a focus group with participants from the target group was performed. All of these methods combined gave the basis for the design of the new graphical profile. The resulting logotype that was designed became a gender neutral logo which attracted the target group. The profile clothes were designed with regards to the requests of the target group and the results from the visual content analyses. The selected fonts were considered modern and a suitable match to the finished logotype. The results from the survey gave a basis to design a functional graphic identity , a graphic manual which were coherent, modern, gender neutral and which addressed the target group.

Syfte och frågeställningar Studiens syfte är att undersöka om matchstatistik och/eller deltagande i europeiska ungdomsmästerskap kan användas för att identifiera talanger inom landslagsverksamheten vid olika åldrar och i olika åldersklasser. Utifrån detta antas frågeställningarna: (1) Är det viktigt att delta i europeiska ungdomsmästerskap vid viss ålder eller i specifika åldersklasser för att nå seniorlandslag? (2) Är det viktigt att delta i många europeiska ungdomsmästerskap, spela många matcher eller vinna många matcher för att nå seniorlandslag? (3) Är det viktigt att prestera väl inom vissa matchstatistiska variabler vid europeiska ungdomsmästerskap – totalt eller vid viss ålder – för att nå seniorlandslag?   Metod Studien hade en kvantitativ ansats. Urvalet bestod av manliga basketspelare födda 1988-1992 som deltagit i europeiska ungdomsmästerskap (n = 2872). Spelarna placerades i kategorierna senior (nått seniorlandslag innan eller vid 23 års ålder) och icke-senior (ej nått seniorlandslag innan 23 års ålder). Datainsamlingen skedde genom inhämtning och sammanställning av officiell matchstatistik från internationella basketbollförbundet (FIBA). Jämförande analys mellan grupperna senior och icke-senior gjordes med hjälp av Chi2-test och oberoende Mann-Whitney U-test.   Resultat Studien visar att antal mästerskap och antal spelade matcher är variabler som skiljer grupperna från varandra. Dessutom visar resultaten att spelare som deltar som underårig i en åldersklass i större utsträckning når seniorlandslag. Dock antyder resultaten att det inte är viktigt att vinna, då varken vinstprocent eller matcher vunna under ett mästerskap skilde grupperna åt. Gruppen senior hade signifikant högre värden inom alla matchstatistiska variabler förutom fouls per minut, där gruppen icke-senior hade ett signifikant högre värde.   Slutsats Studien visar på att matchstatistik och statistik kring deltagande i bör kunna användas som talangidentifikationsverktyg då flera variabler skiljer de som når seniorlandslag från de som inte gör det. Dock behövs ytterligare forskning – framförallt kring de matchstatistiska variablerna – för att kunna utveckla mer precisa modeller som kan omsättas i praktiken.

Introduktion/bakgrund: Riksidrottsgymnasiet (RIG) gör det möjligt för ungdomar att elitsatsa på idrott varpå basket är en av de idrotter som finns tillgängliga. Basket är en kontaktsport med där det i hög frekvens är personer som drabbas av skador. Vanliga skador är bland annat fotledsstukning samt knäskador. För ungdomar som elitsatsar på idrott blir detta en stor omställning och de tvingas ställas inför stora utmaningar i vardagen när de inte längre kan idrotta. Det blir en frustration att inte kunna träna som vanligt samtidigt som det är en stor ovisshet kring vad skadan innebär. En Fysioterapeut kan hjälpa till med rehabiliteringen inte bara på err fysiologiskt plan utan även ett psykologiskt, socialt och existentiellt perspektiv. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att beskriva unga elitsatsande basketspelares upplevelser av fysioterapeutisk rehabilitering efter skada. Metod: Sex basketspelare från RIG intervjuades. Dessa intervjuer spelades in för att därefter transkriberas och tolkas på en manifest nivå genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Utifrån innehållsanalysen skapades fem huvudkategorier "att bli vägledd", "att mötas av kompetens", "utanförskap och saknad till idrotten", "att få stöd" och "önskan om förbättrad struktur". Många beskrev sin skadeperiod som väldigt jobbig och oviss men samtidigt ett stort stöd från familj och vänner. Faktorer som också beskrevs som avgörande var bland annat god planering, utförlig förklaring av skadan och ett varierat träningsupplägg. Konklusion: Att skada sig som ung idrottare innebär en stor prövning samtidigt som det innebär att höga förväntningar ställs på Fysioterapeuten.

This study analyzes how the financial crisis of 2008 compared to the Covid-19 pandemic affectedinflation, measured by the consumer price index, in Sweden. This study aims to give moreprofound knowledge of how two crises affect the consumer price index and therefore preventpotential future economic crises. Data from Statistics Sweden and Statistics Denmark was analyzed by using a quantitative methodto statistically investigate how different periods of crisis vary and their effect on the consumerprice index compared to non-crisis periods of the data. The study observes data from 2000 to2022. The financial crisis had its starting point on the housing market in the US, and the pandemic wascaused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Both crises have and may continue to affect the consumerprice index. Results from previous research are mostly aligned with the results and conclusion from this studyregarding how the financial crisis in 2008 and the Covid-19 pandemic affected the Swedishconsumer price index. In conclusion, both crises affected the consumer price index. During thefinancial crisis, it dropped, increased, and dropped again. Two peaks in the consumer price index,before and after the financial crisis, suppress the visual effect of the high peak at the beginningof the financial crisis. During Covid-19, the consumer price index increased largely, and the peakwas not reached during the period of the collected data.

Syfte och frågeställningar Studien syftar till att undersöka vilka förmågor som specialidrottslärare i basket anser vara viktiga för att kunna nå elitnivå inom basket. Frågeställningarna som kommer användas för att besvara studiens syfte är: vad innefattar uttrycket ”Förmåga att utöva specifik idrott på elitnivå” och vilka förmågor anses vara av stor betydelse för att bli framgångsrik basketspelare? Metod Studien använder en kvalitativ metod med semistrukturerade intervjuer och en tematisk analys. Intervjuerna genomfördes med fem specialidrottslärare i basket. Resultatet från den tematiska analysen analyserades med hjälp av Françoys Gagnés talangutvecklingsmodell. Resultat Undersökningen identifierade ett antal teman som beskriver de förmågor de intervjuade lyfte fram som viktiga för att nå elitnivå i basket. Följande teman identifierades: utvecklingsbenägen, tävlingsinriktad, spelintelligent, passionerad, disciplinerad, stresstolerant och atletisk. Den efterföljande analysen resulterade i en gruppering av de identifierade teman utifrån följande delar av Gagnés talangutvecklingsmodell: genetiska förutsättningar, naturliga förmågor och intrapersonella faktorer. Slutsats Utifrån rapportens resultat och diskussion har följande slutsatser dragits. Studiens deltagare anser att flera olika förmågor krävs för att nå elitnivå och dessa förmågor behöver balansera upp och kompensera varandra. Olika nivåer av elitnivå tycks ha något olika krav avseende förmågorna, en högre elitnivå anses kräva mer omfattande och utvecklade förmågor. I en idrott som basket är längd en viktig faktor, men anses ändå inte vara helt avgörande för att nå elitnivå. De intrapersonella faktorerna anses ha en stor inverkan på spelares möjligheter att nå elitnivå. Både faktorer som påverkar spelaren i vardagliga livet som elitidrottare och även faktorer som påverkar hur spelaren agerar och hanterar situationer på basketplanen. Inom idrott anses de fysiska förmågorna vara av stor vikt och inom basket anses även spelintelligens ha en stor påverkan på spelarens förmåga att utöva sin idrott på elitnivå.

Objectives. Evaluate and compare the macronutrient distribution of the food baskets delivered by Peruvian municipalities during the COVID-19 pandemic according to the geographic domain and assigned budget level. Materials and methods. Secondary analysis of the database “Consultation of Acquisition and distribution of basic necessities of the basic family basket” of the General Comptroller of the Republic. Stratified probability sampling was carried out. The distribution of caloric intake was calculated according to macronutrients and compared with the Acceptable Intervals of Macronutrient Distribution (IADM) of the Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP) and the National Institute of Civil Defense (INDECI). Results. At the national level, the median caloric intake of proteins was 7.7%; carbohydrates 62.5%; and fats 28.1%. The proportion of municipalities with a protein deficit was 84%; Municipalities with excess carbohydrates ranged from 16.5% (according to INCAP) to 35.9% (according to INDECI), and with excess fat, it was 61.6% (according to INCAP) and 20.2% (according to INDECI). According to INDECI, nationally only 9.2% of municipalities delivered baskets with an adequate distribution of macronutrients; Metropolitan Lima stands out with the highest proportions of adequate baskets, while in the Jungle this percentage was less than 5%. Conclusions. Most of the baskets delivered did not have adequate macronutrient distribution. Especially the baskets of municipalities outside of Metropolitan Lima or that had a smaller budget. Carbohydrates and fats were the nutrients that were included in excess, while proteins were deficient. / Objetivos. Evaluar y comparar la distribución de macronutrientes de las canastas alimentarias entregadas por las municipalidades peruanas durante la pandemia de COVID-19 según dominio geográfico y nivel de presupuesto asignado. Materiales y métodos. Análisis secundario de la base de datos «Consulta de adquisición y distribución de bienes de primera necesidad de la canasta básica familiar» de la Contraloría General de la República. Se realizó un muestreo probabilístico estratificado. Se calculó la distribución del aporte calórico según macronutrientes y se comparó con los intervalos aceptables de distribución de macronutrientes (IADM) del Instituto de Nutrición de Centro América y Panamá (INCAP) y del Instituto Nacional de Defensa Civil (INDECI). Resultados. A nivel nacional la mediana del aporte calórico de las proteínas fue 7,7%; carbohidratos 62,5%, y grasas 28,1%. La proporción de municipalidades con canastas con déficit de proteínas fue de 84%. Las municipalidades con canastas con exceso de carbohidratos variaron de 16,5% (según INCAP) a 35,9% (según INDECI) y con exceso de grasas fue 61,6 % (según INCAP) y 20,2% (según INDECI). Según INDECI, a nivel nacional solo el 9,2% de municipalidades entregaron canastas con distribución adecuada de macronutrientes, aquí destaca Lima Metropolitana con las proporciones más altas; mientras que en la selva este porcentaje fue menor del 5%. Conclusiones. La mayoría de las canastas entregadas no tuvieron distribución adecuada de macronutrientes, en especial las canastas de municipalidades fuera de Lima Metropolitana o las que contaban con menor presupuesto. Los carbohidratos y las grasas fueron los nutrientes que se incluyeron en exceso, mientras que las proteínas tuvieron déficit. / Revisión por pares

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Unmet social needs pose significant risk to both patients and healthcare organizations by increasing morbidity, mortality, utilization, and costs. Health care delivery organizations are increasingly employing social workers to address social needs, given the growing number of policies mandating them to identify and address their patients’ social needs. However, social workers largely document their activities using unstructured or semi-structured textual descriptions, which may not provide information that is useful for modeling, decision-making, and evaluation. Therefore, without the ability to convert these social work documentations into usable information, the utility of these textual descriptions may be limited. While manual reviews are costly, time-consuming, and require technical skills, text mining algorithms such as natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML) offer cheap and scalable solutions to extracting meaningful information from large text data. Moreover, the ability to extract information on social needs and social work interventions from free-text data within electronic health records (EHR) offers the opportunity to comprehensively evaluate the outcomes specific social work interventions. However, the use of text mining tools to convert these text data into usable information has not been well explored. Furthermore, only few studies sought to comprehensively investigate the outcomes of specific social work interventions in a safety-net population. To investigate the role of social workers in addressing patients’ social needs, this dissertation: 1) utilizes NLP, to extract and categorize the social needs that lead to referral to social workers, and market basket analysis (MBA), to investigate the co-occurrence of these social needs; 2) applies NLP, ML, and deep learning techniques to extract and categorize the interventions instituted by social workers to address patients’ social needs; and 3) measures the effects of receiving a specific social work intervention type on healthcare utilization outcomes.

The development of super-resolution microscopy made it possible to surpass the diffraction limit of optical microscopy, enabling researchers to gain a nanometer scale understanding of cellular structures. While many applications have benefited from standard super-resolution microscopy, gaps remained making high-speed dynamic imaging in live cells impossible. To address this problem, single-point edge-excitation sub-diffraction (SPEED) microscopy was developed. This methodology enables the nanometer imaging of dynamic cell processes within live cells, the evaluation of subcellular structural information, the capacity to derive three-dimensional information from two-dimensional images within rotationally symmetric structures, and the interrogation of novel questions regarding the transport dynamics of macromolecules in a variety of cellular structures. Here, I have described the theory and method behind the current iteration of SPEED microscopy that we have developed and validated via Monte Carlo simulation. Further, a detailed description of how we have further developed SPEED microscopy to derive structural information within the nuclear pore complex as well as how SPEED has been applied to evaluate the export kinetics of mRNA. / Biology