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Validating DSP circuits modeled in VHDL involves generating test data, creating VHDL test benches, and simulating the test benches including models under test (MUTs). This is a laborious and time-consuming process. Therefore, it is desirable to develop a high level approach to automating and planning these tasks. This dissertation presents a high level test planning system for functional validation of VHDL DSP models. The system requirements parameterized from the specifications constitute the input space and serve as generics of test benches. Library-based test benches are developed using high level design tools. A test planning framework uses a goal tree structure as a vehicle of planning and documenting the testing activities. In a goal tree, test goals are given based on the specifications and test groups are defined to satisfy the test goals. Test groups partially constrain the system requirements and thus partition the input space into smaller and more manageable subspaces. A set of test strategies are then applied to the test groups for efficient test case design. Each test case is mapped to a configuration declaration of the test bench. The test bench is then simulated to generate test vectors against which the MUT is tested. The MUT response is compared with the gold response by a comparator and verdicts are reached by test oracles. An integrated test planning software system has been developed for test planning and test automation based on this approach. As an illustration of this approach, this dissertation uses the Synthetic Aperture Radar system as a case study. Completeness and effectiveness of the generated test set are evaluated. This dissertation also discusses approaches to hierarchical faulty module isolation for hierarchical circuits. Exposability is proposed to measure the extent that signal values are revealed to the tester and is used as the cost function for the faulty module search problem. An expanded goal tree which explores the functional and structural aspects of a hierarchical circuit is also presented. / Ph. D.

"Hot-tests" form a vital facet towards the end of the production line of modern automotive plants, where the condition of the engine is checked by running it for a short period of time, to ensure its performance under standard operating conditions. The duration of hot-tests for small engines varies from 20-75 seconds. In the conventional procedure, about 10-30 grams of lubricant (for pre-coating) is used with about 650ml of standard oil for engine testing. However, about 1-3 oz. of oil is lost per engine, as it cannot be sucked out of the crankcase after the hot tests. The loss of 1-3 oz. of oil leads to a significant loss in revenue, over the large number of engines manufactured. It also causes a potential safety and environmental hazard due to leakage of lubricant during shipping or upon first use in a particular application. The goal of this project is to conduct "no-oil" hot tests using less than 10 grams of specially formulated lubricants for pretreatment. Implementation of this procedure for conducting the hot tests in the manufacturing facility would save revenue and eliminate potential hazards mentioned above in addition to cutting down on manpower and/or machinery used for handling the engine oil. An experimental study of pre-treatment of interacting interfaces of engine components, with specially formulated lubricants, for no-oil hot tests is presented. This study includes sixteen tests performed on the production line of Tecumseh's small engine manufacturing plant. The formulated lubricants were made up of tribopolymer formers, i.e., monomers, which were used in previous tribopolymerization studies. Tribopolymerization is defined as the planned or intentional formation of protective polymeric films directly and continuously on rubbing surfaces to reduce damage and wear by the use of minor concentrations of selected compounds capable of forming polymeric films in situ. This study entailed the investigation of the anti-wear properties of the formulated lubricants on a high temperature pin-on-disk machine and subsequent selection of lubricants exhibiting superior performance for use in the engine tests. The no-oil hot-tests performed at Virginia Tech and on the assembly line exhibited the superior anti-scuffing/anti-wear properties of the specially formulated lubricants, to warrant their use on the production line in the near future. / Master of Science

Test plans are used to guide, organize and document the testing activities during hardware design process. Manual test planning and configuration is known to be labor intensive, time consuming and error prone. It is desirable to develop efficient approaches to model testing and to develop test tools to automate test-planning activities. With the emergence of new hardware design paradigms, there is a need to develop more specialized description languages. However, adopting a new language for hardware-based designs involves adapting the existing design and verification tool suite for the new language. This is a very time consuming and capital intensive process. To ease the adoption of new description languages, it is desirable to develop multi-language support methodologies for design and test tools. This thesis addresses a subset of these problems. It presents a goal-tree based test methodology which is very effective for functional testing of hardware models in multiple application domains. Then it describes an approach for achieving a high degree of language independence using ideas of data abstraction. It also presents an automated test-planning tool called the "Goal Tree System (GTS)", which provides an implementation of goal tree methodology and multi-language support ideas. We demonstrate the use of this tool by testing models developed in VHDL and SystemC. We also present the design aspects of the Goal Tree System, which enable it to work across multiple platforms and with multiple simulators. / Master of Science

Syftet med arbetet var att undersöka möjligheten att utveckla en testbänk som kan underlätta felsökning och testning till fem olika ECU:er. 93 utgångar, bland annat DAC:ar, digitala- och frekvensutgångar finns med i kravspecifikationerna. Dessa utgångar styrs utifrån paneler i CANalyzer med hjälp av programmering i Arduino och CANalyzers egna språk CAPL. Testbänken visar goda resultat och har fått positiv respons från företaget, den levererar de förväntade värdena på samtliga 93 utgångar med en felmarginal på max 3%. Det finns begränsningar med att bygga denna typ av testbänk kopplade till komponentval, tid och resurser.

This is a master thesis report for MSc in Industrial Design Engineering at Luleå University of Technology. It is a development project where a wax-bench for cross-country skiing has been developed. The wax-bench have been developed to facilitate the clean-up for the user and to gather all wax-accessories at one place. In this report the entire project can be followed from start to finish, how the requirements were found, who is the user, what should the product handle and how was the ideas ge- nerated. The final result is a wax- box that is vacuum formed and folded in the middle. In the box there are adjustable profiles to place the ski on and an adjustable attachment part in the center that attaches to the skis binding. The box acts as a collector of the waste that is produced when waxing skis, and as storage of waxing accessories when not in use. How to install the accessory in the box is not yet determined, but the idea is to develop a specific bag that fits perfectly in the wax-box and includes all the usual accessories. This bag should then be taken out when you wax and put back in the box after complete the waxing. / I den här rapporten kan man följa ett examensarbete för civilingenjörsprogrammet Tek- nisk Design på Luleå Tekniska Universitet. Projektet består av ett utvecklingsarbete där en vallabänk för längdskidåkning har utvecklas. Vallabänken har utvecklats för att underlätta städningen för användaren och för att samla alla vallatillbehör på en och samma plats. I den här rapporten kan man följa hela projektet från start till mål, hur kraven hittades, vem är användaren, vad ska produkten klara av och hur genererades ideer. Det slutgiltiga resultatet är en valla-låda som är vakuumformad och viks ihop på mitten. I lådan finns det justerbara profiler att placera skidan på samt ett justerbart fäste i mitten som fäster i skidans bindning. Lådan fungerar som uppsamlare av skräpet som bildas när man vallar skidor och som förvaring av vallatillbehör när den inte används. Hur valla-tillbehöret ska placeras är ännu inte fastställt men tanken är att det ska utvecklas en specifik väska som passar in perfekt i valla-boxen och som har plats för alla de vanliga tillbehören. Denna väska ska sedan gå att plocka ur när man vallar och placera tillbaka i boxen efter utförd vallning.

Ensidigt bedriven styrketräning och idrotter kan leda till en förändradstyrkekvot mellan olika muskelantagonister och anses i vissa fall kunna ökarisken för skador och besvär. Syftet med denna studie var att undersökastyrkekvoten mellan press- och dragstyrkan hos tränade personer samtundersöka om det fanns några styrkeskillnader hos deltagarna i bänkpressjämfört med bänkrodd. Femton tränade deltagare inkluderades i studien därdeltagarna var i snitt 26 år gamla, 177 cm långa och vägde 81 kg. Deltagarnautförde ett testprotokoll som inkluderade ett test i bänkpress respektivebänkrodd, där deltagaren skulle utföra maximalt antal repetitioner på den vikti bänkpress deltagaren själv ansåg sig klara omkring 5–10 repetitioner. Totaltantal kg (antal repetitioner x belastning) i respektive övning dokumenteradesoch angavs som en styrkekvot (press/drag-kvot). Resultatet avundersökningen var att deltagarnas press/drag-kvot var 2,4:1, vilket innebäratt deltagarna var 140% starkare i press- än i dragstyrkan. Det fanns ensignifikant styrkeskillnad (p=0,002) i bänkpress jämfört med bänkrodd hosmajoriteten av deltagarna. Det fanns en relativt stor variation i styrkekvot(press/drag-kvot) bland deltagarna. Faktorer som träningserfarenhet ochfamiljaritet med testprotokollets övningar kan vara faktorer som kan förklaraspridningen i styrkekvot. Att styrkekvoten befanns vara 2,4:1 kan därför inteanvändas som en utgångspunkt i ett träningsupplägg då det inte går att utgåfrån att personen som skall instrueras har den styrkekvoten. Vidare skulleresultaten kunna användas som referensmaterial i framtida studier som avseratt undersöka styrkekvoten mellan press- jämfört med dragstyrkan. / Previous literature considers that both strength training and many sports maylead to an increased risk of athletes incurring injury due to an unbalanced, orchanged, strength ratio. The purpose of this study was therefore to examinethe strength ratio between press- and pulling strength of trained individualsas well as investigate whether there was any difference in strength betweenthe two exercises tested. Fifteen participants with strength trainingexperience were included in the study where the participants mean were 26years old, 177 cm tall, and weighed 81 kg. They performed a protocol thatconsisted of a test of bench press and bench row, respectively. For bothexercises, the participants performed the maximum number of repetitions fora weight that was based on the participants’ self-assessed 5-10 repetitionmaximum bench press. Total weight lifted (weight x repetitions) for eachexercise was measured and converted to a push/pull strength ratio. Meanpush/pull strength ratio for the participants was 2,4: 1. The participants wereon average 140% stronger in pressing strength than in pulling strength(P=0,002) In the current study, the participants were stronger in bench presscompared to bench row. Factors such as training experience and familiaritywith the exercises in the could possibly have influenced the spread amongthe participants, but that cannot be determined. The variation in the strengthratio of the participants can therefore not be used as a starting point in atraining program as it is not possible to assume that the instructor's strengthratio is 2.4: 1. The results could be used as a comparison in future studiesthat aim to examine the strength ratio between press strength compared topulling strength.

In Sweden, 21.4% of all residents have some type of membership at a training facility. This corresponds to approximately 2 million inhabitants. Within every single training facility there is some type of training bench. The training bench has been a standard in the training industry for a very long time. Despite this, no major development of this product has taken place. The biggest improvement was the introduction of adjustable seats and backrests. Apart from this, the training bench has not changed. This created an interest to investigate potential areas of improvement.  The purpose of this thesis is to explore which exercises are difficult to perform on a training bench, while also looking at other elements that may hinder the user from a good experience and thus develop and update the bench to better fit today's user needs. This includes functions a training bench needs to become more user-friendly, ergonomic and facilitate training. The implementation of this work was a linear, iterative design process. The design process I carried out during this project mainly consisted of four phases. Research, idea generation, prototyping and testing.  The result is the concept "ERGON: The ergonomically adapted training bench" adapted and optimized for ease of use through different features such as adaptive dumbbell racks, shelves for private use and a small slit at head level of the backrest to facilitate the use of hairstyles such as ponytails.

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1979 C37 / Master of Arts