From its inception, Canada's 'Indian policy' has sought to undermine the bond between indigenous children and their communities. Each era has seen a new reason and corresponding tactic to remove indigenous children. They have been institutionalized in residential schools, placed in foster homes, provincial 'care' facilities, and adopted by Euro-Canadian families. While it is widely accepted that the forceful removal of indigenous children during the residential school era and the "Sixties Scoop" was a colonial strategy, contemporary child welfare practices seem to escape the same scrutiny. This seems to be the case even though indigenous children continue to be removed en masse and are vastly overrepresented in the Canadian child welfare system. Indeed, there are more indigenous children in 'care' today than ever before in Canadian history, including the residential school era and following the "Sixties Scoop". Given these trends the colonial effect of contemporary child welfare practices seems evident. This project thus seeks to problematize child welfare practices in relation to indigenous peoples. In particular, it is the aim of this thesis to shed light on some of the narratives that underlie these practices. Through a critical discourse analysis this thesis illuminates how news media in Alberta and Manitoba disseminate controlling images of indigenous peoples and their children. I argue that the discourses in both provinces normalize the removal of indigenous children while naturalizing colonial control. / Thesis (Master, Sociology) -- Queen's University, 2011-06-30 11:58:07.536

本論文從傅柯(M. Foucault)的生命政治(biopolitics)觀點，指出口服墮胎藥物RU486之治理體系建構，如何延續了台灣近代從家庭計畫、《優生保健法》立法以來的生命政治(biopolitics)脈絡，卻又因台灣1990年代民主化政治的發展，而不以過去集權政治的方式，反而透過社會行動者之間的互動與角逐形塑而成。台灣近代的人口治理自家庭計畫至《優生保健法》立法時期，執政當局都是秉持著同樣的整體人口治理觀，傳播人口控制與經濟發展扣連的論述，使治理體系越加周延與激進徹底。到了RU486時期，集權的治理已不在，但在對人口進行整體調節，與對肉體進行個體規訓的生命權力(bio-power)論述，仍滲透在行動者的論述中，不斷地擴散與再製，並使得人民被形塑出治理性(governmentality)。RU486治理體系中的臨床規訓實作，即使仍有模糊、不合法的使用不斷地挑戰治理體系的界線，但又透過生命政治體系來回不斷的建構而逐漸被收編至體系內，成為體系的一環。在RU486合法化過程積極參與的女權團體，其興起與集權政治的退場密不可分，同樣積極參與的醫生團體則是透過不斷地與執政當局合作，而發展出其專業自主權，而成為產科領域的唯一專業代言人。RU486因此做為一種整體人口治理的人工流產技術物，其體系之形塑卻因不同社會行動者的積極介入，而在整體調節之餘也部份地彰顯了行動者的自主性，形成了與家庭計畫、《優生保健法》時期的節育與墮胎技術不同的屬性。 / From Michel Foucault’s perspectives on biopolitics, this article explains how the construction of governance system of abortion pill RU486 path-depends on the biopolitics contexts of the family planning and Genetic Health Act. Due to the political democratization during the 1990s in Taiwan, this construction is not shaped by the authority before, but through the interaction and competition of social actors. In Taiwan, the population governance from the family planning to Genetic Health Act in recent years keeps the same population control values, diffusing discourses about the connection of population control and economic developments, and then makes the whole governance system more integral and radical. To the period of RU486 legalization there is no more authority, but bio-power discourses upon overall regulation of population and individual disciplinary of body still infiltrate into the discourse of actors, shaping the governmentality of people. The clinical practices of RU486, though the fuzzy, illegal practices of RU486 still challenge the boundary of governance, are incorporated in a part of the system through the dynamic construction of biopolitics. The rise of feminist organizations that deeply participate in the process of RU486 legalization, is a result of disappearance of authority. Doctor groups, which also participate in the process of RU486 legalization, rise and develop their professional autonomy through the continuous cooperation with the government, becoming the only spokesperson of Obstetrics. We could say that RU486 is a kind of abortion artifact for population governance; apart from the overall regulation in the process of shaping RU486’s governance system, the actors’ autonomy is manifest. As a result, RU486 obtains a different property with the contraception and abortion technologies in the periods of the family planning and Genetic Health Act.

Citizens of the Aamjiwnaang First Nation fight for justice with their bodies at the frontlines of environmental catastrophe. This dissertation employs a biopolitical and interpretive analysis to examine these struggles in the polluted heart of Canada’s ‘Chemical Valley’. Drawing from a discursive analysis of situated concerns on the ground and a textual analysis of Canada’s biopolitical ‘policy ensemble’ for Indigenous citizenship, this dissertation examines how citizens and public officials respond to environmental and reproductive injustices in Aamjiwnaang. Based upon in-depth interviews with residents and policy-makers, I first document citizens of the Aamjiwnaang First Nation’s activities and practices on the ground as they cope with and navigate their health concerns and habitat. Second, I examine struggles over knowledge and the contestation over scientific expertise as the community seeks reproductive justice. Third, I contextualize citizen struggles over knowledge by discussing the power relations embedded within the ‘policy ensemble’ for Indigenous citizenship and Canadian jurisdiction for on-reserve environmental health. From an interpretive lens, inspired by Foucault’s concepts of biopower and governmentality, the dissertation develops a framework of “ecological citizenship”, which confronts biopolitics with a theoretical discussion of place to expand upon existing Canadian citizenship and environmental studies literature. I argue that reproductive justice in Aamjiwnaang cannot be separated from environmental justice, and that the concept of place is central to ongoing struggles. As such, I discuss “ecological citizenship’s double-edge”, to contend that citizens are at once bound up within disciplinary biopolitical power relations and also articulate a radical form of place-based belonging.

This thesis evaluates the art involved in the process of constructing borders. I review the governmental processes involved with Canadian border policies as they facilitate the welcomed and the rejected. I ask: how do citizenship and immigration policies operate to maintain and reproduce borders, separating Canadian citizens inside the state from ‘foreigners’ outside. This thesis considers borders not only as repressive instruments for exclusion but also in a productive sense as they create citizens, national identities and populations. The thesis focuses on one central assemblage of border technologies: immigrant medical examinations. By reviewing citizenship and immigration policies, laws and practices since confederation, as well as contemporary legislation, policies and interview data, this thesis argues that these examinations are founded on principles of exclusion. While current policy directions suggest using these medical examinations for inclusive practices, I argue that such inclusive practices still reify the exclusive expectations of the state for citizens to be healthy and productive in the present and in the future.

This thesis evaluates the art involved in the process of constructing borders. I review the governmental processes involved with Canadian border policies as they facilitate the welcomed and the rejected. I ask: how do citizenship and immigration policies operate to maintain and reproduce borders, separating Canadian citizens inside the state from ‘foreigners’ outside. This thesis considers borders not only as repressive instruments for exclusion but also in a productive sense as they create citizens, national identities and populations. The thesis focuses on one central assemblage of border technologies: immigrant medical examinations. By reviewing citizenship and immigration policies, laws and practices since confederation, as well as contemporary legislation, policies and interview data, this thesis argues that these examinations are founded on principles of exclusion. While current policy directions suggest using these medical examinations for inclusive practices, I argue that such inclusive practices still reify the exclusive expectations of the state for citizens to be healthy and productive in the present and in the future.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:43:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 6408611 bytes, checksum: 58f916d430d2edc790128062dea5e915 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This thesis investigates media s discursive production about the "old body". The fact that the Brazilian elderly population has increased fivefold in the last thirty years, in quantitative and qualitative terms , aroused the interest of media institutions for elderly subjects due to increased goods and services consumption. Thus, we aimed to analyze the "old body" in Brazilian media, in order to explain how the knowledge-power relationship occurs in inclusion/ exclusion identities production that results in the spectacle of "superelder" / "gerontolescent" subject position, with the conducting wire Biopolitics , Biopower and Governmentality notions. We base our research on Discourse Analysis theoretical and methodological assumptions from Pêcheux with Michel Foucault s dialogues and Jean- Jacques Courtine s contributions for media wordings on old age, formatted in various genres - reportage, advertising and magazine covers , materialized in Época, Isto é and Veja magazines. Among the survey results, we found that the body, in the same way that idiom and language, is socially managed, working as producer of meanings matrix, supporting meanings. The " old body " thought from this cultural perspective, enables us to observe it from the symbolic transformations that body has undergone over time, within a collective memory, which is also changing , form the paradigms of each culture, expressing, thus, aspects of aging historically constituted. / Esta tese investiga a produção discursiva da Mídia sobre o corpo velho . O fato de a população brasileira de idosos ter quintuplicado nos últimos trinta anos, em termos quantitativos e qualitativos, despertou o interesse de instituições midiáticas pelos sujeitos idosos em razão do consumo aumentado de mercadorias e serviços. A partir disso questionamos: Como se desenvolve essa biopolítica, fomentada pela mídia, para o corpo velho ? Como a contradição (quando centrada nas expressões gerontolescente , envelhecente , superidoso ) afeta a produção de identidades para os sujeitos idosos? Esses problemas nos levou a objetivarmos analisar o corpo velho na mídia brasileira, a fim de explicar como ocorre a relação saber-poder na produção de identidades de inclusão/exclusão que resulta na espetacularização da posição sujeito superidoso / gerontolescente , tendo como fio-condutor as noções de Biopolítica, Biopoder e Governamentalidade. Fundamentamos nossa pesquisa nos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Análise do Discurso a partir dos diálogos de Michel Pêcheux com Michel Foucault e as contribuições de Jean-Jacques Courtine para o estudo de uma Semiologia Histórica da imagem. A categoria identidade será discutida a partir de Stuart Hall, Tomaz Tadeu da Silva, e Zigmunt Bauman. Nosso corpus é composto pelos dizeres da Mídia sobre a velhice, formatados em diversos gêneros reportagem, propaganda e capas de revista, materializados nas revistas Época, Isto é e Veja. Entre os resultados da pesquisa, constatamos que o corpo, do mesmo modo que a língua e a linguagem, é gerido socialmente, funcionando como matriz produtora de sentidos, dando suporte aos significados. O corpo velho , pensado a partir dessa ótica cultural, possibilita-nos observá-lo a partir das transformações simbólicas que esse corpo sofreu ao longo do tempo, dentro de uma memória coletiva, que é também cambiante, dos paradigmas de cada cultura, expressando, desse modo, aspectos da velhice constituídos historicamente.

The twenty-first century has seen a resurgence of academic interest in biopolitics: the often oppressive political power over human biology, human bodies and their actions that emerges when political technologies concern themselves with and act upon a population as a species rather than as a group of individuals. The publication of new works by theorists including Michel Foucault, Giorgio Agamben, Roberto Esposito, Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri has furthered academic understanding of biopolitical attempts to ensure an orderly, productive society. Biopolitics bases these attempts upon optimising the majority population’s health and well-being while constructing simultaneously a subrace of unruly, unproductive bodies against which the majority requires securitising. However, despite the still-proliferating and increasingly diverse recent theoretical work on the subject, little material has appeared examining how literature represents biopolitics or how theories of biopolitics may inform literary criticism. This thesis argues for Salman Rushdie’s novels as an exemplary site of fictional engagement with biopower in their portrayal of the increasingly intense and pervasive biopolitical technologies used in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Rushdie has been considered frequently as a novelist who explores political discourses of race and culture. However, analysis of the ways in which he depicts these discourses animating recent biopolitical practices has proven scarcer in Rushdie Studies. This thesis asserts that Rushdie’s novels affirm consistently the desirability of non-racialising polities, but almost always suggest little possibility of constructing such communities. In the process, it will reveal that he represents more numerous and varied forms of racialisation than has been supposed previously. This study considers how Rushdie describes biopolitical racialisation by state and superrace alike, the massacres of subraces that often ensue, how biopower operates and is resisted in space, and the discursive and practical forms this resistance takes. Contrasting Rushdie’s early fiction with his less-studied more recent works, this analysis deploys, critiques and augments canonical theories of biopower in order to chart his generally growing disinclination to depict this resistance’s potential success. This study thus works towards a new biopolitical literary criticism which argues that although the theories of Foucault and others illuminate the ways in which literature represents power and resistance in contemporary politics, narrative fiction indicates simultaneously the limitations of these theories and the practices of resistance they advocate.

Tema: análise de ações pedagógicas construídas para a disciplina de Sociologia no ensino médio em sete turmas do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul câmpus Bento Gonçalves durante o ano letivo de 2011. Justificativas: observa-se a contemporaneidade da crise na educação e, assim, preocupa-se com a constituição de espaços públicos e com as tendências de vinculação da formação humana aos interesses neoliberais. Problemas de pesquisa: neste estudo pergunta-se sobre as possibilidades de se constituírem ações pedagógicas em Sociologia que ponham em movimento a potência, a criatividade e a abertura dos educandos para introduzirem alguma novidade no mundo; sobre a possibilidade de se apresentar o mundo aos educandos a partir das concepções teóricas sobre a biopolítica; sobre as possibilidades de se construir espaços de conexão das atividades de ensino produzidas pelos educandos e da transformação dessas atividades em novos materiais pedagógicos; sobre as possibilidades da sala de aula se converter num lugar propício para experiências de conversações entre estudantes de diferentes turmas em torno de assuntos em comum. Objetivos: construir um currículo escolar para a disciplina de Sociologia no ensino médio não vinculado às pretensões modernas de ordenamento populacional; analisar o contexto político-pedagógico da obrigatoriedade da inclusão da disciplina de Sociologia no ensino médio; conhecer e analisar aspectos sociais e culturais dos educandos que compuseram a pesquisa; conhecer e analisar aspectos político-pedagógicos do espaço escolar onde se realizou o estudo; problematizar a vinculação jurídico-legal do ensino de Sociologia com a formação para a cidadania em nossa democracia realmente existente; construir e analisar ações pedagógicas para a disciplina de Sociologia em torno do conceito de biopolítica; construir e analisar atividades de ensino que possibilitem a manifestação da criatividade, da singularidade e da inteligência dos educandos; construir espaços de troca simbólica entre os educandos de diferentes turmas sobre as temáticas das aulas de Sociologia. Referenciais teórico-metodológicos: estudo empírico e experimental realizado em cursos técnicos integrados ao ensino médio, envolvendo sete turmas com 170 jovens. Foram confeccionados materiais didáticos inspirados nas elaborações teóricas sobre a biopolítica em Michel Foucault e Giorgio Agamben. As atividades de ensino foram construídas a partir das metáforas biopolíticas presentes em obras audiovisuais, tais como: Matrix (EUA, 1999), Coisas Belas e Sujas (Reino Unido, 2002), Maria Cheia de Graça (Colômbia/EUA, 2004), House M.D (EUA, 2004) e E.T o extraterrestre (EUA, 1982). Como encaminhamento das reflexões e debates em sala de aula sobre os cenários biopolíticos dos filmes, assim como, sobre as relações de poder constituídas entre os personagens, foram sugeridas atividades de ensino de alguma forma abertas às potencialidades criativas, imaginativas e críticas dos educandos. Estas atividades foram inspiradas, principalmente, nas definições de biopotência em Peter Pal Pelbart, nas potencialidades da amizade segundo Giorgio Agamben, das noções de vida em comum e do vir a ser no mundo conforme Hannah Arendt e André Duarte. Tudo isso, como forma de resistência aos poderes biopolíticos anteriormente analisados, criando um espaço comum de conversação entre os educandos. Considerações finais: debate-se sobre as possibilidades de construção de espaços públicos na contemporaneidade; conclui-se que há possibilidades para construir um currículo de Sociologia não vinculado a qualquer ordem social; que há possibilidades de construir atividades de ensino em Sociologia abertas à novidade, à criatividade e à conversação entre os educandos sobre temas em comum; que há possibilidades de se trabalhar conceitos relativos à biopolítica no ensino médio de forma que os educandos percebam na realidade social seres que são abandonados e utilizados para que outros possam viver mais e melhor. Por fim, argumenta-se que as aulas de Sociologia não precisam delimitar o futuro dos educandos, ajustando-os a determinados princípios do viver em sociedade, mas elas podem, de alguma forma, proporcionar momentos de abertura para o novo, para o vir a ser e para conversações sobre temáticas comuns. Senão, o ensino da Sociologia no nível médio perderia em muito de sua riqueza ao ficar restrito a conteúdos fixos e predeterminados, onde o trabalho escolar fosse nada mais do que uma simplificação dos conceitos sociológicos acadêmicos. / Theme: analysis of pedagogical actions built into the discipline of sociology in high school in seven classes from Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul campus Bento Gonçalves during the 2011 school year. Justifications: it observes the contemporary crisis in education, thus it concerns with the creation of public spaces and the trends to link the human formation to neoliberal interests. Search problems: this study asks about the possibilities of constituting pedagogical actions in Sociology to put in movement the power, creativity and openness of students to introduce something new in the world, about the possibility to introduce the world to the students from the theoretical conceptions about biopolitics, about the possibilities of building spaces connecting learning activities produced by the students and the processing of these activities into new teaching materials, on the possibilities to transform the classroom into a suitable place for chats between students from different groups around common themes. Objectives: to build an academic discipline of sociology in high school which not linked to the pretensions of modern spatial population; to analyze the political and pedagogical context of the mandatory inclusion of the discipline of Sociology in high school; to understand and analyze social and cultural aspects of students that comprised the research; to understand and analyze political and educational aspects of the school where the study was conducted; to discuss the legal linked between Sociology and the education for citizenship in our existing democracy; to build and analyze pedagogical actions for the discipline of sociology around the concept of biopolitics; to build and analyze teaching activities that facilitate the manifestation of creativity, of the uniqueness and intelligence of students; to build spaces of symbolic exchange between students from different classes on issues of Sociology classes. Theoretical and methodological referential: empirical and experimental study conducted in technical courses integrated into high school, involving seven groups with 170 youths. Teaching materials were prepared inspired by theoretical elaborations on biopolitics in Michel Foucault and Giorgio Agamben. The teaching activities were constructed from the biopolitical metaphors present in audiovisual works such as: Matrix (USA, 1999), Dirty and Pretty Things (UK, 2002), Maria Full of Grace (Colombia / USA, 2004), House M.D (USA, 2004) and E.T. the extraterrestrial (USA, 1982). As routing of reflection and discussion in the classroom about the biopolitical scenarios of movies, as well as on the power relations established between the characters, teaching activities somehow open to creative potential, imaginative and critical of learners were suggested. These activities were inspired mainly in definitions of biopotency in Peter Pal Pelbart, the potential of friendship by Giorgio Agamben, the notions of life in common and to become in the world as Hannah Arendt and André Duarte. All this as a form of resistance to biopolitical powers previously analyzed, creating a common space for conversation among students. Final thoughts: it debates the possibilities of building public spaces nowadays, it is concluded that there are possibilities to build a resume of Sociology not linked to any social order, that there are possibilities to build teaching activities in Sociology open to novelty, to creativity and conversation among students about issues in common, that there are opportunities to work with concepts related to biopolitics in high school so that the students actually perceive social beings who are abandoned and used so that others can live longer and better. Finally, it is argued that sociology classes do not need to define the future of the students, adjusting them to certain principles of living in society, but they can somehow provide moments of openness to the new, to become and for chats on common themes. Otherwise, the teaching of Sociology in high school would lose much of his wealth being restricted to fixed and predetermined content, where school work was nothing more than a simplification of the academic sociological concepts.

GONÇALVES, Shirley Dias. Obesidade em discurso: cenas do grupo terapêutico com pacientes diagnosticados obesos em um hospital público de Fortaleza-CE. 2011. 91 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicologia) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Psicologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Fortaleza-CE, 2011. / Submitted by moises gomes (celtinha_malvado@hotmail.com) on 2012-05-17T17:29:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_dis_SDGonçalves.pdf: 2822735 bytes, checksum: 706bdee0adb4571c14053cebef959fc1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-06-15T16:21:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_dis_SDGonçalves.pdf: 2822735 bytes, checksum: 706bdee0adb4571c14053cebef959fc1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-06-15T16:21:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_dis_SDGonçalves.pdf: 2822735 bytes, checksum: 706bdee0adb4571c14053cebef959fc1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar os discursos que circulam no grupo terapêutico realizado com pacientes diagnosticados obesos de um hospital público de referência em cirurgia bariátrica no município de Fortaleza-CE e como esses pacientes são subjetivados por esses discursos. Assim, esse estudo possui como tema central a obesidade, porém sem tomar como verdade os discursos biomédicos hegemônicos que a tratam enquanto fenômeno de doença, e sim questionar e problematizar discussões, com base em Michel Foucault, sobre os efeitos de verdade que esses discursos produzem. A metodologia utilizada foi a observação participante do referido grupo composto por pacientes de ambos os sexos que estão na fase pré-operatória da cirurgia bariátrica e também com aqueles que já se submeteram a essa operação. A cirurgia bariátrica funciona como uma estratégia biopolítica que incide sobre o corpo de uma população obesa. Dentre as táticas da biopolítica percebidas no grupo terapêutico, pode-se citar: o conjunto de práticas discursivas que funcionam como regimes de verdades (prescrições de dietas, hábitos, comportamentos e modos de viver em nome da saúde), especialistas (médicos, psicólogos, nutricionistas, etc) que proferem essa ‘verdade’, intervenções (clínicas, cirúrgicas) sobre a população obesa e subjetivação dos pacientes que são enredados na teia do poder, nas estratégias de condução de condutas de si e dos outros. Assim, esse trabalho não buscou construir um juízo de valor de se posicionar a favor ou contra a cirurgia bariátrica, nem assumir uma visão moralista diante da obesidade e sim problematizar como o corpo obeso é demarcado por práticas (discursivas e não-discursivas) de saber-poder que o constituem. Consistiu, ainda, em pensar diferentemente do que se pensa, criar formas que escapam, que se constituem como resistências, linhas de fuga e formas libertárias ao discurso médico-científico sobre saúde, beleza e boa forma dos corpos.

O uso de substâncias psicoativas é um problema social e de saúde pública em diferentes países do mundo. A adição é uma doença crônica e multifatorial do cérebro. O seu enfrentamento envolve diferentes áreas do conhecimento e instituições sociais. O fenômeno social da adição, ou da dependência química como é popularmente conhecido, sempre foi muito polêmico e diversas são as políticas públicas que tratam sobre o tema. A dependência química pode ser analisada por meio do prisma do biopoder e da biopolítica, propostos por Foucault e outros autores, como Agamben, Hardt e Negri, Esposito, na medida em que as políticas públicas de enfrentamento a este problema têm sido abordadas e executadas por diferentes atores e instituições sociais, como a medicina, saúde pública, direito, segurança pública, entre outros. Além disto, devido aos diferentes aspectos envolvidos no fenômeno da adição, acredita-se que a Bioética Complexa possa servir como estratégia metodológica adequada para a abordagem desta questão, na medida em que este modelo propõe uma abordagem prática e abrangente para a discussão e resolução de problemas envolvendo conflitos bioéticos. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a dependência química no Brasil, através da Bioética Complexa como estratégia metodológica e da biopolítica como referencial teórico. / Addiction is a public health and social problem along the world. It can be defined as a chronic and multifatorial brain disease. Its approach involves different fields of knowledge and social agents. O social phenomena of addiction has always been treated in terms of public policy. The addiction can be analyzed through the theories about biopower and biopolitics in their different approaches, as proposed by Michel Foucault, Agamben, Hardt e Negri, and Esposito insofar as public policies has been done in different fields, like medicine, public health, law enforcement, national security, and so on. Furthermore, due to the distinct aspects related to the addiction we believe that Complex Bioethics is a proper methodological approach to analyze the content of this dissertation. Complex Bioethics is a comprehensive approach to analyze bioethical problems. The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the addiction in Brazil through the Complex Bioethics, as a methodological approach, and biopolitics, as a theoretical framework.