Utvecklingen av dagens teknik tilltar i en otrolig hastighet ochvärlden definieras mer och mer av globalisering, digitalisering,uppkoppling och omgående tillgång till information, produkter ochtjänster. Digitaliseringen har en stark inverkan på den finansiellasektorn då många produkter på den finansiella marknaden idag ärinformationsbaserade. Fintech skapar ett nytt paradigm därinformationsteknik fungerar som drivmedel och driver innovationinom finansbranschen. Fenomenet beskrivs som en “gamechanger”, disruptivt och antas bidra grundläggande förändringarinom traditionella finansiella marknaden. Blockchainteknologin ären av många Fintechinnovationer som har gjort avtryck påfinansiella aktörer världen över och sägs ha potential attrevolutionera den finansiella sektorn. Dock så är det fortfarande enrelativt outforskad teknologi. / The development of today's technology is increasing withincredible speed and the world is more and more defined byglobalization, digitization, connectivity and immediate access toinformation, products and services. Digitalization has a strongimpact on the financial sector, as many products in the financialmarket today are information-based. Fintech creates a newparadigm where information technology acts as a fuel and drivesinnovation in the financial industry. The phenomenon is describedas a "game changer", disruptive and supposed to contribute tofundamental changes in the traditional financial market. Theblockchain technology is one of many Fintech innovations that hasimpressed financial players worldwide and is said to have thepotential to revolutionize the financial sector. However, it is still arelatively unexplored technology.

Currently, consumers are developing a serious interest in knowing all the information relevant to the products they purchase. According to recent research studies and practice reports, eco-friendly products, e.g., wood products, are subject to purchase barriers. Home furnishing companies are being demanded to provide traceability information of wood products in order to overcome consumer mistrust before purchasing their products. In order to ensure the provided traceability information is correct and sourcing of the wood doesn’t involve any illegal activities, companies in the wood furniture supply chain perform activities like verification of forestry compliance. Blockchain is turning out to be one of the prominent technologies that can be helpful in achieving material traceability. However, blockchain has not reached the optimum maturity level like many other technologies. Therefore it is critical for the companies to conduct an extensive feasibility assessment before implementing blockchain. Lack of this assessment may lead to inefficient implementation and companies might fail to see a return on investment. In this thesis, a case study was performed in a home furnishings company over the period of five months to analyze the implementation of blockchain for increasing the traceability of wood based materials to support forestry compliance in the wood furniture supply chain. The main objective is to investigate the drivers causing blockchain implementation, challenges that might arise while implementation and enablers that could facilitate the implementation of blockchain. A qualitative case study was conducted to fulfill the research purpose and objectives. In addition to the empirical findings from the semi-structured interviews, a systematic literature review was carried out to validate the interviewee’s responses. The findings from this study have clearly proven that blockchain will be instrumental in achieving wood traceability and mitigating the challenges associated with the verification of forestry compliance. Nevertheless, there are still some challenges associated that need to be carefully addressed by the companies in order to realize the expected benefits. This study also provides an overview of the enablers that could possibly help in mitigating the challenges and ensuring the successful functioning of blockchain. / Dagens konsumenter vill veta mer relevant information om produkterna dem köper. Enligt studier finns köpbarriärer för trä-baserade produkter. Företag inom heminredning begärs presentera transparens angående deras trä-baserade produkter för att undgå misstroende från konsumenter. För att säkerställa att denna information är korrekt, och att materialet inte härstammar från illegal verksamhet, arbetar företag med att verifiera sina material enligt gällande regulationer för skogsverksamhet. Blockchain erbjuder en framstående teknik som kan vara användbar för att uppnå denna typ av transparens för material-kedjan. Trots detta är Blockchain ännu inteen mogen teknologi jämfört med andra. På grund av detta är det viktigt att företag gören genomgående möjlighetsstudie innan implementering påbörjas. Att inte använda sig av denna typ av förstudie kan leda till ineffektiva implementationer, vilket kan leda till att företagen inte ser en önskad avkastning bli verklighet för denna typ av projekt. I denna uppsats presenteras en fallstudie utfört på ett företag inom heminredning. Denna studie pågick under fem månader för att kunna analysera Blockchain-implementationer angående förverkligandet av transparens inom denna typ av verksamhet och därmed trä-baserade produkter, för att säkerställa hänsyn till gällande regulationer för skogsverksamheter. Det huvudsakliga objektivet för denna uppsats är att undersöka möjliggörande faktorer för implementerings-projekt inom Blockchain och dess utmaningar. En kvalitativ fallstudie utfördes för att uppnå syftet och objektiven för denna uppsats. Utöver den empiriska data som samlades ingenom intervjuer har denna uppsats presenterat en systematisk litteraturgenomgång av nuvarande forskning för att validera datan som insamlats genom intervjuerna.

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the declining direction that brand trusthas taken, throughout the past years in the Swedish market. Analyzing the present situation tobe able to build a picture of future solutions that brands could use in trying to build trust. By investigating the cause and then through these defined methods and tools be able to break this trend. Method: With a qualitative method consisting of semi-structured interviews with 7 communication- and marketing agencies within in southern part of Sweden. With the aim of getting an expert view of the problem´s past and present, to be able to build an assumption about the future of brand trust in this market. Theory: A theoretical framework consisting on the definition of brand trust, with a description of the micro- and macro perspectives. With theories about factors behind brand trust and also the markets mistrust of such. Some of which, authenticity, communication, satisfaction and customer loyalty arise as needed to build and uphold trust. These factors are described with the help of models, developed for this paper´s comprehension. Conclusion: The result has indicated that the decline is due to digitization, expectations/satisfaction and confusion for the consumer. Moreover, the result in the long termperspective is to build authenticity and genuineness, choose the right target groups, communicate the right expectations, dare to participate in public topics and build the brand with a purpose. Blockchain has also been located as a possible future solution.

Establishing traceability in global supply chains is a complicated problem. Current solutions for achieving traceability are expensive or imperfect, and give rise to organizational and trust-related issues. Blockchain could present itself as a solution to many of these issues. This thesis aims to build a blockchain-based traceability system. Based on the event  characteristics in IKEA Supply Chain, our analysis show that, for timely processing, the capacity of a traceability system should be 10 593 events per second. Additionally, 14 requirements were identified and included in the system design. A system was designed that consists of six components, a client application, a controller, a smart contract pool, IPFS and Quorum. In order to reduce the potential load on the system, certain optimization measures were taken. The system design resulted in a load requirement of 14 975 transactions for a delay bound of one minute. The resulting performance of the developed system revealed itself to be a throughput of 159 transactions per second and a convergence time of 4.71 seconds, which is not enough to reach the requirement. However, a solution is proposed to divide the network into many smaller networks that together can produce the necessary throughput.

Video gaming has always been a blooming industry. With the emergence of online multi- player video games , this industry’s worth have sky rocketed. Online multiplayer video games store data of player’s credentials, in-game progress, in-game virtual assets and payment details etc. Which mean security threats to these systems are nothing new and securing these games have always meant to protect player’s data from unauthorized breach. Integration of Blockchain technology in online multiplayer video games apart from other amazing features, provides a way to prove digital ownership of virtual assets with their verifiable scarcity. Trade of these in-game virtual assets have always been a goal for online multiplayer gaming companies, but there was none enough trust-able infrastructure available which can be relied on. Blockchain just solved that problem. It provided a platform for these asset’s secure and transparent transaction between players. Topic for our research not only consider the security challenges in online games but specifi- cally blockchain based online multiplayer games. This adaptation is still new and there is need of consideration of new security challenges. In this dissertation we try to bring out some important challenges related to security of blockchain based online multiplayer video games. There are currently no studies around security concerns and challenges of the integration of the online multiplayer video games in the emerging blockchain systems. In order to fill in the gap, this dissertation discusses and identifies two main security concerning questions related to this domain. Also this dissertation provides basic steps for expanding future research and application in this joint domain.

abstract: Blockchain scalability is one of the issues that concerns its current adopters. The current popular blockchains have initially been designed with imperfections that in- troduce fundamental bottlenecks which limit their ability to have a higher throughput and a lower latency. One of the major bottlenecks for existing blockchain technologies is fast block propagation. A faster block propagation enables a miner to reach a majority of the network within a time constraint and therefore leading to a lower orphan rate and better profitability. In order to attain a throughput that could compete with the current state of the art transaction processing, while also keeping the block intervals same as today, a 24.3 Gigabyte block will be required every 10 minutes with an average transaction size of 500 bytes, which translates to 48600000 transactions every 10 minutes or about 81000 transactions per second. In order to synchronize such large blocks faster across the network while maintain- ing consensus by keeping the orphan rate below 50%, the thesis proposes to aggregate partial block data from multiple nodes using digital fountain codes. The advantages of using a fountain code is that all connected peers can send part of data in an encoded form. When the receiving peer has enough data, it then decodes the information to reconstruct the block. Along with them sending only part information, the data can be relayed over UDP, instead of TCP, improving upon the speed of propagation in the current blockchains. Fountain codes applied in this research are Raptor codes, which allow construction of infinite decoding symbols. The research, when applied to blockchains, increases success rate of block delivery on decode failures. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Computer Science 2018

The main purpose of a vehicle information system using blockchain is to create a transparent and reliable information system which will help consumers buy a vehicle; it is a vehicle information system. The blockchain system will create a time sequence chain of events database for each vehicle from the original sale. It will include insurance, vehicle repair, and vehicle resale. This project is mainly divided into three parts. Part one is used by the administration who will create the blockchain and will give authentication to a different organization to create the blockchain. Part two will be used by the Organization to create a block in the blockchain. Part three will be used by customers who want to get information about the vehicle.

Investments in cryptocurrencies have generated extraordinary returns and the interest in cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology from the public, companies, investors, and news media has increased substantially in the past years. This has led certain corporations to change the strategic direction towards blockchain technology, as well as changing the corporate name to reflect an association and these name changes has created substantial increases in the price of that stock. Existing literature of corporate name changes has touched upon several aspects of the subject. However, no specific research connected to blockchain and cryptocurrencies has been conducted. The purpose of this research is therefore to investigate the effect of corporate name changes related to the terms blockchain or cryptocurrency on the price of stocks. A standard event study methodology was applied to determine if the name change creates abnormal returns. The method used has a quantitative approach to the research and relies on statistical testing of numerical data to reach a conclusion. An investigation of 11 firms was conducted to examine this topic. However, there were no firms that had included the term cryptocurrency in the corporate name. The findings from this research reveal positive and significant cumulative abnormal returns on the announcement date of a blockchain related corporate name change. Furthermore, over the full event window, a significant and positive cumulative abnormal return was observed. Thus, it can be concluded that name changes related to blockchain has a positive effect on the stock price and today's investors seem to perceive a corporate name change within the context of blockchain as positive.

Despite the claim that blockchain will revolutionise business and redefine logistics, existing research so far is limited concerning frameworks that categorise blockchain application potentials and their implications. In particular, academic literature in transport and logistics to date has not sufficiently distinguished between blockchain adoption ('what to adopt') and the identification of the right business opportunity ('where to start'). In response, this paper (1) uses Rogers¿ (2003) 'attributes of innovation framework' to identify potential blockchain applications and (2) presents a framework explicating four transformation phases to subsequently categorise the identified areas of application according to their effects on organisational structures and processes. Using academic and practitioner literature, we classify possible applications for adoption and provide a framework to identify blockchain opportunities in the logistics industry, thereby helping managers to systematically assess where to start building organisational capabilities in order to successfully adopt and deploy blockchain-based technology.

Blockchaintekniken är omskriven och beryktat inom många olika branscher. Mycket av det som skrivs både vetenskapligt och inom övrig media har dock en spekulativ prägel och det saknas i stor utsträckning empiriska kunskaper om teknikens egenskaper i allmänhet och inom revisionsbranschen i synnerhet. Ur tidigare forskning identifieras tre nyckelbegrepp: transparens, säkerhet och effektivitet. Utifrån dessa studeras potentiella förbättringsmöjligheter inom dagens revision och vilken effekt som hade kunnat uppnås med hjälp av blockchaintekniken på desamma. Med hjälp av en kvalitativ studie där fyra respondenter intervjuades kunde studiens frågeställning besvaras. Respondenterna var yrkesverksamma revisorer på större byråer vilka selekterades utifrån noga valda kriterier. Resultatet visar att det finns områden där blockchaintekniken kan utnyttjas för att få en mer effektiv och transparent revision vilket är till fördel för det reviderade bolagets intressenter. Frågetecken kring säkerhetsaspekter angående tekniken kvarstår dock. Möjligheten att kunna granska ett bolag med hjälp av saldoavstämningar i realtid inom ett blockchain-nätverk ses som en av de största effektivitetsvinsterna som blockchain kan generera.   Studien anses bidra med en nyanserad bild av teknikens möjligheter inom revision där även dess brister identifieras. Fall- eller observationsstudier inom området behövs dock för att fastställa huruvida resultatet av denna studie tangerar med praktiken. Studien har även inte tagit hänsyn till hur en faktisk implementering av tekniken inom revision skulle kunna ske.