No description available.

Orientador: Orival Andries Júnior / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T08:53:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moraes_RafaelCarvalhode_D.pdf: 3074022 bytes, checksum: 193ac376aa88ed39b3128919ba4f7299 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Em se tratando de treinamento esportivo, é possível afirmar que gestos técnicos e táticos são bastante explorados e também aplicados às sessões de treino. Contudo, em relação às respostas e adaptações fisiológicas, ainda há muitos fatores que não recebem a devida importância. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar biomarcadores sanguíneos, Escala de Borg (EB) (dor e esforço) e frequência cardíaca (FC) em estímulos anaeróbios máximos no nado crawl (25, 50, 100 e 200 metros). Assim, 4 nadadores (sexo masculino) competitivos em nível nacional, com idade média de 20 anos (± 2,71), treinando há no mínimo 3 anos, foram voluntários no estudo. Os atletas seguiram uma rotina de treino em água de 2hs diárias - cinco a seis vezes por semana - durante 48 semanas, minuciosamente controladas, objetivando 3 competições-alvo, especialmente da 46ª semana deste período. Durante as 10 semanas precedentes à competição principal cada atleta realizou 4 estímulos máximos nas metragens supracitadas em 3 momentos - semanas 1 e 2 (momento 1), 5 e 6 (momento 2) e 9 e 10 (momento 3), mantendo a rotina de treino proposta. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue para medir as concentrações de lactato, creatinina, creatina quinase (CK) e ácido úrico (AU). Além disso, foram aferidos os tempos de cada estímulo, velocidade, FC e EB. As amostras de sangue, dados de FC e EB, foram coletadas antes e em momentos pós-testes. Para análise estatística utilizou-se do teste Kruskal-Wallis para medidas não-paramétricas. Os valores para os biomarcadores sanguíneos não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os momentos de avaliação (p<0,05). A FC apresentou diferenças entre 25, 50 e 100m de cada teste, e apresentou valores de correlação com velocidade (r=-0,409), com lactato (r=-0,8) e creatinina (r=0,341). Neste contexto, a EB mostrou-se um bom parâmetro para prescrição da intensidade de dor e esforço quando relacionada a velocidade (R2= 58,9% e R2=74,6% respectivamente), lactato (R2= 48,5% e R2= 44,3% respectivamente) e FC (R2= 28,9% e R2= 23,8% respectivamente). Assim, CK, creatinina, AU e FC não mostraram-se bons parâmetros para diferenciação de esforços nos estímulos analisados. Desta forma, adotar valores fixos de FC e/ou algum biomarcador sanguíneo pode sub ou superestimar o desempenho do atleta. Já o lactato pode ser considerado bom parâmetro avaliador para estímulos anaeróbios máximos sendo mais otimizado quando atrelado à FC / Abstract: In the case about sportive training, it is possible to affirm that technical and tactical gestures are fairly well explored and applied to the training sessions. However, about physiological adaptations there are many factors that still has not been given its due importance. The objective of this study was to analyze blood biomarkers along with the Borg scale (BS) (pain and effort) and heart rate (HR) in the maximum anaerobic bouts in craw swimming (25, 50, 100 and 200 meters). Thus, four swimmers (men) competing at the national level, with an average age of 20 years (± 2.71), training for at least three years, volunteered for the study. The athletes followed a routine of 2hs daily training - five to six times a week - 48 weeks, carefully controlled, aiming at 3 competitions, specially the 46ª week competition of period. In the 10 weeks preceding the main competition, each athlete performed 4 maximum bouts in that distances at 3 times - weeks 1-2 (moment 1), 5-6 (moment 2) and 9-10 (moment 3), keeping the training routine proposal. We collected blood samples to measure the concentrations of lactate, creatinine, creatine kinase (CK) and uric acid (UA). In addition, we measured the time of each bouts, speed, HR and SB. Blood samples, FC and EB data were collected before and after testing times. For statistical analysis we used the Kruskal-Wallis test for nonparametric measures. The values for blood biomarkers showed no significant differences between the moments (p <0.05). The HR differ even between the distances 25, 50 and 100m of each test, and reported correlated values with speed (r=-0,409), lactate (r=-0,8) and creatinine (r=0,341). So, the SB was shown to be a good parameter of pain abd effort for the prescription of exercise intensity when related with speed (R2= 58,9% e R2=74,6% respectively), lactate (R2= 48,5% e R2= 44,3% respectively) and HR (R2= 28,9% e R2= 23,8% respectively). Thus, CK, creatinine, UA and HR, wasn't good parameters to differ the effort between bouts analyzed. Then, adopting fixed values of HR and / or any blood biomarker may under or overestimate the performance of the athlete. The lactate coupled to HR can be treated like a good measure parameter of anaerobic bouts / Doutorado / Ciencias do Desporto / Doutor em Educação Física

Le but de ce travail, consacré à la poésie de Christina Rossetti, est de s’éloigner du prisme interprétatif biographique qui est devenu la norme depuis sa mort en 1894. Cette étude, qui repose sur un examen des choix prosodiques et formels, montre que la voix poétique est avant tout une construction. Identifier le miroir à l’intérieur du texte dévoile des éléments essentiels pour comprendre la relation complexe qui se joue entre identité et altérité et qui, à maints égards, définit le style de Rossetti. L’étude des voix qui se font entendre dans son oeuvre poétique, qu’elles soient intertextuelles ou fictionnelles, révèle comment Rossetti parvient, par un usage unique de la répétition, à créer une voix harmonieuse et intemporelle à partir de la diversité et de la contradiction. Mais malgré une première impression de régularité, le principe répétitif est une source de redéfinition permanente qui nie la notion d’origine ou de version définitive. La re-présentation, la différance, et les réécritures incessantes offrent au lecteur un texte qui lui échappe sans cesse. Ce refus de la finitude pointe vers une autre ambition, celle d’atteindre un au-delà non plus religieux — nombre de ses poèmes expriment le désir de ne faire qu’un avec le divin — mais poétique : à travers la relation intime entre Dieu, le poète, et le texte ; par la manipulation de la forme, que le traitement du sonnet illustre ; et enfin grâce à un usage renouvelé des mots. Anglaise aux origines italiennes, Rossetti introduit au sein de la voix poétique un bilinguisme source d’interactions qui aboutissent à une langue hybride et à un rapport aux mots débarrassé de tout automatisme pour acquérir une expressivité nouvelle. / The purpose of this work, which is dedicated to Christina Rossetti’s poetry, is to step away from the biographical bias which has been the norm in the criticism about Christina Rossetti since her death in 1894. This study, based on the close analysis of the prosodic and formal choices, shows that the poetical voice is above all a construction. Finding the mirror within the text reveals important elements to understand the complex relationship between identity and alterity which, in many ways, defines Rossetti’s style. The examination of the voices that can be heard within her poems, may they be intertextual or fictional, shows how Rossetti manages to create a harmonious and timeless voice out of what strikes as diverse and contradictory. However, despite its apparent regularity, the work, through repetition, undergoes a constant self-redefinition negating the notion of origin or definite version: re-presentation, différance, and perpetual re-writing give the reader a text that keeps eluding him/her. This refusal of finitude hints at another ambition, that of reaching a “beyondˮ which is no longer religious — many of her poems express a wish to make one with the divine — but poetical: through an intimate relationship between God, the poet and the text; through the manipulation of the form, which Rossetti’s treatment of the sonnet examplifies; and finally through the poet’s renewed use of words. As an English poet with Italian origins, Rossetti inserts her bilingualism within the poetical voice and thereby creates interactions that result in a hybrid language and a relationship to words freed from habit and automatic reflex to reach enhanced expressivity.

Este estudo pretende abordar a escolarização de alunos com graves acometimentos orgânicos - deficiências de base - e impasses na constituição psíquica - os chamados transtornos globais do desenvolvimento, como autismo e psicose infantil. Partindo de uma revisão bibliográfica a respeito da constituição do sujeito em psicanálise, do entrecruzamento de aspectos orgânicos e psíquicos na infância e da educação especial, desde o seu nascimento até a contemporaneidade, busca-se um entendimento sobre o que se propõe, atualmente, no âmbito escolar destes alunos. Tecendo uma análise crítica sobre o que se revela como a especialidade da educação, paradigma da educação contemporânea, busca-se problematizar a tarefa educativa que aparece subjugada a ações pedagógicas e a propostas de áreas que se dizem parceiras da pedagogia na educação especial psicologia, fonoaudiologia, fisioterapia, entre outras e interpretar os efeitos que uma escolarização como esta, pautada na especialidade, traz para aqueles envolvidos: os alunos e os professores. Entrevistas realizadas com professores de escolas especiais da Grande São Paulo ilustram e revelam claramente os impasses vividos e os modelos seguidos pelo professor especialista na escolarização destes alunos, corroborando as hipóteses lançadas por esta pesquisa. / The aim of this study is to bring up the subject of education of students with serious organic bouts deficient base- and impasses in the psychic, which are known as pervasive developmental disordes, such as autism and childhood psychosis. From a literature review regarding the constitution of the subject in psychoanalysis, the interweaving of physical and mental aspects in childhood and special education, from birth until the present, it is sought an understanding about what is proposed currently in the scope of school students. Making a critical analysis of what is revealed as the specialty of education, a paradigm of contemporary education, the objective is to question the education task, which appears subdued by pedagogical actions and proposals for areas that consider themselves partners of pedagogy in special education psychology, phonoaudiology, physical therapy, among others, and interpret the effects that an education like this, based on the specialty, brings to those involved: students and teachers. Interviews with teachers of special schools in the Great Sao Paulo illustrate and reveal the challenges experienced, and the models followed by the expert teacher in the schooling of these students, supporting, thus, the hypotheses advanced by this research.

Este estudo pretende abordar a escolarização de alunos com graves acometimentos orgânicos - deficiências de base - e impasses na constituição psíquica - os chamados transtornos globais do desenvolvimento, como autismo e psicose infantil. Partindo de uma revisão bibliográfica a respeito da constituição do sujeito em psicanálise, do entrecruzamento de aspectos orgânicos e psíquicos na infância e da educação especial, desde o seu nascimento até a contemporaneidade, busca-se um entendimento sobre o que se propõe, atualmente, no âmbito escolar destes alunos. Tecendo uma análise crítica sobre o que se revela como a especialidade da educação, paradigma da educação contemporânea, busca-se problematizar a tarefa educativa que aparece subjugada a ações pedagógicas e a propostas de áreas que se dizem parceiras da pedagogia na educação especial psicologia, fonoaudiologia, fisioterapia, entre outras e interpretar os efeitos que uma escolarização como esta, pautada na especialidade, traz para aqueles envolvidos: os alunos e os professores. Entrevistas realizadas com professores de escolas especiais da Grande São Paulo ilustram e revelam claramente os impasses vividos e os modelos seguidos pelo professor especialista na escolarização destes alunos, corroborando as hipóteses lançadas por esta pesquisa. / The aim of this study is to bring up the subject of education of students with serious organic bouts deficient base- and impasses in the psychic, which are known as pervasive developmental disordes, such as autism and childhood psychosis. From a literature review regarding the constitution of the subject in psychoanalysis, the interweaving of physical and mental aspects in childhood and special education, from birth until the present, it is sought an understanding about what is proposed currently in the scope of school students. Making a critical analysis of what is revealed as the specialty of education, a paradigm of contemporary education, the objective is to question the education task, which appears subdued by pedagogical actions and proposals for areas that consider themselves partners of pedagogy in special education psychology, phonoaudiology, physical therapy, among others, and interpret the effects that an education like this, based on the specialty, brings to those involved: students and teachers. Interviews with teachers of special schools in the Great Sao Paulo illustrate and reveal the challenges experienced, and the models followed by the expert teacher in the schooling of these students, supporting, thus, the hypotheses advanced by this research.

abstract: Many behaviors are organized into bouts – brief periods of responding punctuated by pauses. This dissertation examines the operant bouts of the lever pressing rat. Chapter 1 provides a brief history of operant response bout analyses. Chapters 2, 3, 5, and 6 develop new probabilistic models to identify changes in response bout parameters. The parameters of those models are demonstrated to be uniquely sensitive to different experimental manipulations, such as food deprivation (Chapters 2 and 4), response requirements (Chapters 2, 4, and 5), and reinforcer availability (Chapters 2 and 3). Chapter 6 reveals the response bout parameters that underlie the operant hyperactivity of a common rodent model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Chapter 6 then ameliorates the SHR’s operant hyperactivity using training procedures developed from findings in Chapters 2 and 4. Collectively, this dissertation provides new tools for the assessment of response bouts and demonstrates their utility for discerning differences between experimental preparations and animal strains that may be otherwise indistinguishable with more primitive methods. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Neuroscience 2015

Les microtubules (MT) sont des structures dynamiques contrôlant divers aspects essentiels de l'architecture<br />cellulaire. En particulier, les bouts plus des MT (bouts +) sont capables d'accumuler des protéines spécifiques jouant un rôle dans le contrôle de la dynamique microtubulaire et dans l'interaction des MT avec le cortex cellulaire. Ces interactions sont notamment décisives pour le positionnement correct du fuseau mitotique. La description des mécanismes permettant l'accumulation de protéines aux bouts + est donc importante pour la compréhension des fonctions microtubulaires.<br />La tyrosine C-terminale de la tubuline α est cruciale pour l'interaction de protéines à domaine CAP-Gly avec les bouts +. En effet, CLIP-170 et son homologue de S.cerevisiae Bik1p se lient moins bien aux bouts + des MT dépourvus de tyrosine C-terminale (MT Glu).<br />Dans ce travail de thèse, nous avons étudié les perturbations associées au déficit de liaison de Bik1p aux bouts + des MT Glu dans S. cerevisiae.<br />Les modèles actuels proposent que Bik1p est amenée aux bouts + par son association avec la kinésine Kip2p. La dynéine (Dyn1p) est alors recrutée par Bik1p aux bouts + pour être ciblée vers le cortex. Nous montrons<br />que, dans des levures n'exprimant que de la tubuline détyrosinée (souche tub1-Glu), Kip2p et Dyn1p sont<br />correctement associées aux bouts +, malgré le déficit de liaison de Bik1p. Nous proposons que, dans les cellules<br />sauvages, le complexe Kip2p/Bik1p transporte Dyn1p le long des MT vers les bouts +. Kip2, Bik1p et Dyn1p<br />s'associent alors aux bouts + de façon indépendante.<br />De plus, nous montrons que des formes constitutionnellement actives de la petite protéine G Rho1p favorisent l'association de Bik1p avec les bouts +. Ces données seront importantes pour comprendre le rôle des Rho GTPases dans la régulation des MT, notamment dans la migration cellulaire.<br />L'ensemble de ce travail suggère de nouveaux modèles pour la formation et la fonction des complexes protéiques associés aux bouts +.<br />Finalement, nous avons recherché de manière systématique les mutations qui, associées avec la mutation tub1-Glu, sont létales chez la levure (létalité synthétique). Ce crible a identifié des composants participant à la formation de la membrane et de la paroi cellulaire. Ces gènes pourraient être impliqués, au niveau cortical, dans la mise en place des interactions des microtubules avec le cortex, et montrent l'importance de la tyrosine C-terminale de la tubuline α dans cette fonction.

Ce travail porte sur les mouvements moléculaires dans les caoutchoucs composants les pneumatiques : les polybutadiènes (PB) et les copolymères de polystyrène et polybutadiène (SBR). L’intérêt de cette étude est double : Nous souhaitons à partir de résultat de spectroscopies mécanique et diélectrique, comprendre l’origine moléculaire des relaxations dans ces élastomères, mais aussi voir le rôle de la microstructure chimique dans la mobilité moléculaire. Nous travaillons donc sur des matériaux différents par leur microstructure chimique à travers leurs taux respectifs de butadiène 1,2 vinyle, de butadiène 1,4 cis/trans ou encore de styrène pour les SBR. L’étude de la modification de la microstructure passe aussi par l’ajout de diluants qui servent de perturbateurs à la mobilité. La gamme de température balayée est comprise entre 90K et 350K et permet ainsi l’étude systématique de toutes les relaxations présentent dans les polymères de l’étude : La relaxation β, à plus basse température, la relaxation α pour des températures proches de Tg mais aussi, à plus haute température, les relaxations de bouts de chaine et enfin les phénomènes de reptation de chaines libres pour des températures 90K supérieures à Tg. Les techniques de spectroscopie mécanique (1.10-4/1 Hz) et diélectrique (0,1/1.106Hz) permettent d’obtenir des résultats sur un large domaine fréquence /température. Par ailleurs, les couplages mécanique d'une part et électrique d'autre part étant de nature différente, les informations obtenues par les deux techniques sont complémentaires. Le développement d’un modèle nous permet de démontrer que les mouvements des groupements butadiène 1,2 (vinyle) sont responsables de la contribution haute température de la relaxation β alors que ceux des groupements butadiène 1,4 cis et trans sont responsables de la partie basse température. L’étude approfondie de la relaxation α à l’aide du modèle de Perez amène à penser que ces mêmes groupements butadiène 1,2 vinyles jouent aussi un rôle non négligeable dans cette relaxation α. La dilution par une huile polaire provoque la suppression de la partie haute température de la relaxation β et amène ainsi à une modification de sa mobilité basse température. Diminuer la réticulation dans un polymère entraine revient à augmenter la longueur des bouts de chaine. Ces bouts de chaines peuvent alors relaxer selon les lois de rétraction de bouts de chaine développées par Curro à partir des modèles de Pearson et Helfand. Enfin, les chaines libres introduites dans un polymère réticulé suivent la théorie de la reptation de De Gennes-Doi-Edwards. / This work deals with the study of the molecular mobility in rubbers used for pneumatic applications, namely, polybutadiene (PB) and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR). They exhibit relaxation processes, which are in fact responsible for their main behaviors (adhesion, energy consumption, etc.). From mechanical and dielectric spectroscopy data, we tried to understand the molecular origins of these elastomers relaxation, but, also the role of their chemical microstructure on molecular mobility. We studied materials with different chemicals microstructures, i.e., with different butadiene 1,2 vinyl, butadiene 1,4 cis and 1,4 trans and styrene (for SBR only) ratio. The impact of microstructure modification was also studied with addition of diluents, which modifies the molecular mobility. Experimental temperature range was between 90 and 350K, so all relaxations present in polymer can be studied: the β relaxation at low temperature, the α relaxation for temperature near Tg, the chain-end relaxation at higher temperature and free chain reptation phenomenon at Tg+90K. Mechanical (10-4 Hz to 1 Hz) and dielectric spectroscopy (0,1 Hz to 106 Hz) allow obtaining large frequency range. Besides that, mechanical and dielectric induced stresses are different so both methods are complementary. The β relaxation exhibits two main contributions, so-called here high and low temperature contributions. The use of modeling permits to show that movements responsible for the high temperature contribution are those of butadiene 1,2 vinyl, whereas butadiene 1,4 cis and trans are responsible from low temperature contribution. Perez model used for studying the α relaxation shows that 1,2 vinyl also impact it. High temperature contribution of the β relaxation disappears after dilution by polar oil. Decreasing the crosslinking density in polymers results in the increase of average chain-end length. These chain-ends relax, and it has been found that their relaxation processes follow the chain-end retraction model developed by Curro from Pearson and Helfand works. On the contrary, free chains motions, when introduced in the already cross-linked polymer network follow De Gennes-Doi-Edwards reptation theory.

Cette thèse est consacrée à l'étude de la topologie à l'infini d'espaces généralisant les graphes de Schreier. Plus précisément, on considère le quotient X/H d'un espace métrique géodésique propre hyperbolique X par un groupe quasi-convexe-cocompact H d'isométries de X. On montre que ce quotient est un espace hyperbolique. Le résultat principal de cette thèse indique que le nombre de bouts de l'espace quotient X/H est déterminé par les classes d'équivalence sur une sphère de rayon explicitement calculable. Dans le cadre de la théorie des groupes, on montre que l'on peut construire explicitement des groupes et des sous-groupes pour lesquels il n'existe pas d'algorithme permettant de déterminer le nombre de bouts relatifs. Si le sous-groupe est quasi-convexe, on donne un algorithme permettant de calculer le nombre de bouts relatifs. / This thesis is devoted to the study of the topology at infinity of spaces generalizing Schreier graphs. More precisely, we consider the quotient X/H of a geodesic proper hyperbolic metric space X by a quasiconvex-cocompact group H of isometries of X. We show that this quotient is a hyperbolic space. The main result of the thesis indicates that the number of ends of the quotient space X/H is determined by equivalence classes on a sphere of computable radius. In the context of group theory, we show that one can construct explicitly groups and subgroups for which there are no algorithm to determine the number of relative ends. If the subgroup is quasiconvex, we give an algorithm to compute the number of relative ends.

Images of the Mater dolorosa, the weeping Mother of God mourning over her dead son, are plentiful art of Northern Europe during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries and often foreground the shedding of effluvia—blood, sweat, and tears—in their depictions of the holy pair. This paper explores the visual themes of tears, blood, eyes, and wounds as vital actors in images that require close, meditative, and affective looking and engagement. Such image formats include small-scale pairings of the Man of Sorrows and Mater dolorosa as well as books of hours. In these contexts, the holy fluids and their bodily sources expand the images' narratives and allow for greater exegesis of their devotional prompts. This phenomenon of expansion via effluvia occurs throughout Flemish devotional culture of this period; this paper uses Albrecht Bouts's diptych panels of the Mater dolorosa and Man of Sorrows, produced between 1490 and 1525, as the chief case study to encapsulate and ground those ideas while still acknowledging that they also apply beyond this image. Considering the widespread commonalities between blood and tears in visual and textual representations of the early modern Flemish devotional culture and the visual similarities between weeping eyes and bleeding wounds, this paper argues that Mary's eyes act as the external manifestations of her internal wounds and become locus of her Compassion for Christ. Furthermore, pictorial blood and tears function as metonymic devices that, like the Man of Sorrows type, invoke the entirety of the Passion and Compassion. The multivalent functions of the blood and tears in Bouts's diptych expand it beyond just a representation of Mary and her son and allow it to become a window and mirror into which viewers could look to engage in penance and communion with Mary and Christ.