Em 1936, teve início, na Espanha, a Guerra Civil Espanhola, que colocou em combate a direita, a qual lutava pela permanência da monarquia, e as distintas vertentes esquerdistas, que almejavam a instalação do Regime Republicano e a modernização do país. Os países latino-americanos viveram situações análogas de luta pela modificação governamental e pela concessão de direitos aos proletários. A grande maioria das tentativas foi infrutífera, como é o caso do Brasil, com a Coluna Prestes e a Intentona Comunista. Por isso, muitos brasileiros, que tinham inclinação republicana, se solidarizaram com a causa dos vermelhos espanhóis e se alistaram como voluntários das Brigadas Internacionais. Esse foi o caso da personagem Vasco Bruno, do romance Saga, de Erico Verissimo, que se destinou à Espanha para auxiliar a República. Durante o período que permaneceu na Espanha, e depois de retornar ao Brasil, Vasco escreve um romance, como forma de catarse para seus traumas e culpas, em que relata os motivos que o levaram a se alistar, as suas tentativas de esquecer o passado para suportar o ambiente hostil da guerra, os acontecimentos trágicos da guerra e, ademais, a sua volta ao Brasil e como era a vida para um intelectual militante. Dessa forma, a presente pesquisa, de caráter bibliográfico, analisa a formação da Memória Cultural da Guerra Civil Espanhola a partir da perspectiva de um voluntário brasileiro, além de verificar a concepção histórica que permeia o romance Saga. Para isso, são utilizados os pressupostos teóricos de Henri Bergson, Sigmund Freud, Harald Weinrich, Jan Assmann, Paul Ricouer, Walter Benjamin e Martin Heidegger. Contata-se que a elaboração de um romance por um ex-voluntário, que foi uma testemunha dos horrendos acontecimentos, perpetua esta memória e propicia a reflexão sobre as barbáries, das quais somos todos herdeiros. / En 1936, tuve inicio, en España, la Guerra Civil Española, que colocó en combate la derecha, la cual luchava pela permanencia de la monarquia, y las distintas vertentes esquerdistas, que almejavam la instalación del Regime Republicano y la modernización del país. Los países latino-americanos vivieran situaciones análogas de lucha pela modificación governamental y pela concesión de derechos a los proletarios. La grande mayoria de las tentativas fueran infrutíferas, como es el caso de Brasil, con la Coluna Prestes y la Intentona Comunista. Por eso, muchos brasileños, que tenian inclinación republicana, se solidarizaran con la causa de los rojos españoles y se alistaron como voluntarios de las Brigadas Internacionales. Ese foi el caso de la personaje Vasco Bruno, del romance Saga, de Erico Verissimo, que se destinó a España para auxiliar a la República. Durante el período que permaneció, y después de volver al Brasil, Vasco escribió un romance, como forma de catarse para sus traumas y culpas, en que relata los motivos que le levaran a alistarse, las tentativas de olvidar el pasado para suportar el ambiente hostil de la guerra, los acontecimientos trágicos de la guerra, y, además, su vuelta al Brasil y como era la vida para un intelectual militante. De esa forma, la presente pesquisa, de carácter bibliográfico, analisa la formación de la Memoria Cultural de la Guerra Civil Española a partir de la perspectiva de un voluntario brasileño, además de verificar la concepción histórica que permeia el romance Saga. Para eso, son utilizados los presupostos teóricos de Henri Bergson, Sigmund Freud, Harald Weinrich, Jan Assmann, Paul Ricouer, Walter Benjamin e Martin Heidegger. Constatase que la elaboración de un romance por un ex voluntario, que fue un testigo de los horrendos acontecimientos, perpetua esa memoria y propicia la reflexión sobre las barbáries, de las cuales somos todos herederos.

Cette thèse porte sur l’ultimatum qu’impose le phénomène de changement climatique à la société occidentale contemporaine : changer de modèle de société ou risquer l’effondrement (Diamonds,2006). L’épreuve majeure qui s’impose serait celle d’habiter autrement la Terre, autour d’un autre projet : celui de la lutte contre le changement climatique. De nombreuses publications (Aykut,2012 ; Dahan, 2015 ; Latour, 2015 ; Roques, 2013 ; Stengers, 2009) décrivent l’incapacité des institutions étatiques à construire un projet commun pour répondre aux enjeux climatiques. Dans cette affaire, les études « critiques » relèvent la place importante qu’a prise la simulation au détriment de l’action concrète et pérenne. Modélisations climatiques, simulations politiques et économiques, diagnostics sociologiques, fictions littéraires, le changement climatique est largement investi par le récit. Nos immersions de terrain ont montré que d’autres échelles de l’action s’emparaient déjà activement de l’affaire climatique. Villes et entreprises sont, en effet, de plus en plus nombreuses à prendre position dans la problématique énergie-climat. Il s’ensuit que certains énoncés, par leur position de médiateurs, avaient cédé la place à des expérimentations concrètes. Adoptant une démarche pragmatique, inspirée de l’Enquête sur les modes d’existence, proposée par Latour, et enrichie par le modèle des Économies de la Grandeur de Boltanski et Thévenot, cette thèse tente de décrire les divers modes d’existence de la problématique climatique auprès de collectifs territoriaux. Par ailleurs, nous faisons l’hypothèse de l’influence d’arrières plans culturels et d’intérêts passionnés dans la production de stratégies climatiques par des acteurs locaux. / This thesis focuses on the ultimatum imposed by the climate change phenomenon in contemporary Western society : changing the model of society or risk collapse (Diamonds, 2006). The major ordealt hat is required was that of otherwise inhabit the Earth around another project : the fight against climate change. Many publications (Aykut, 2012 ; Dahan, 2015 ; Latour, 2015 ; Roques, 2013 ;Stengers, 2009) describe the inability of state institutions to build a common project to respond to climate challenges. In this situation, the "critical" studies note the important place that has taken the simulation at the expense of concrete and sustainable action. Climate modelling, political and economic simulations, sociological diagnoses, literary fiction, climate change is largely invested by the narrative. Our field immersions have shown that other scales of action are already actively seized ofthe climate deal. Cities and businesses are in fact more likely to take a position in the energy and climate challenge. It follows that some statements, by their position mediators had given way to concrete experiments. Taking a pragmatic approach, inspired by the l’Enquête sur les modes d’existence proposed by Latour, and enriched by the model of Économies de la Grandeur of Boltanski and Thevenot, this thesis attempts to describe the various modes of existence of the climate problem from territorial collectives. We also assuming the rear of influence cultural plans and attachments in producing climate strategies by local actors.

While Skagboys portrays the descent into heroin addiction of young, working class Scots during the Thatcher era, shifting the analysis from a strictly human perspective to one focusing on the agency of objects opens up the novel to new readings wherein morality emerges through nonhuman actors. Welsh’s work has traditionally been hailed as Scottish working-class realism that portrays its characters unideologically, to the point that the novels, through the characters, appear without morality. Drawing upon Latour’s notion of Actor-Network Theory, ANT, reveals a Thatcherite materiality permeating the story, prescribing the moral behaviour which the characters of Skagboys repeatedly clash with as their heroin addiction and junk desperation grows. The impacts of the security camera, the smoke detector and the collection tin provide the basis for the analysis. This highlights two types of marginalization for the characters. Firstly, in the characters’ hopeless prospects with regards to employment due to Thatcher’s neoliberal politics, and secondly as objects of detection and control exerting agency in the world which the characters navigate. These objects presuppose and foil crime, effectively becoming extensions of Thatcherite morality, keeping the criminal and unemployed in check.

Der Autor Rainer Gilles beschäftigt sich seit fast 30 Jahren intensiv mit der bekannten Firma aus der Elbmetropole. Es fiel ihm nicht leicht, der Firmengeschichte oder gar ihrem Begründer Bruno Naumann auf knappem Raum gerecht zu werden. Aus einer unglaublichen Fülle von Abbildungen, Plakaten und Objekten stellte die Redaktion ein paar Bildseiten zusammen, um den Leserinnen und Lesern einen Überblick über das Wirken dieser renommierten Fahrrad- und Nähmaschinenfabrik zu geben.

Homebirth as Actor-Network: Multiple realities The topic of this medical anthropology thesis is a description of homebirth seen through the eyes of Actor-Network Theory. The focus of this work is thus not on the professional concept of homebirth as a biological process or soon-to-be-mothers experience and take on homebirth. Focus is on homebirth in itself, how it is enacted via interactions of actors in network. After the presentation of two points of view on medicine (disease and illness), an introduction into the basic principles and innovations of ANT (including anthropology of symmetry), into the works of people, who build their ideas on it (Mol - multiplicity, De Laet - fluidity, Law) and the presentation of the current birthing situation in the Czech Republic, the thesis shifts its focus to the description of the whole actor-network, which enacts homebirth via interaction between the actors in practice. These practices are abstracted from the interviews with mothers, a dula and a paediatrician. The description includes people and objects, because according to ANT, they have the same amount of social agency. Homebirth is then enacted by the objects needed for homebirth - tools to make birth easier and to support its process, by people who partake, venues it takes place in and the birthing positions it...

This thesis explores an alternative method of making Architecture based on ideas presented by Bruno Latour in “Give me a gun and I will make all buildings move” and concepts discussed by Peter Eisenman within “Diagram: An Original Scene of Writing.” The static nature of representation within Euclidian Space requires a re-evaluation of the generative qualities inherent within diagrams. Managed through an identified mechanism, the thesis investigates the excavation of potential within Pretoria Central’s lost spaces by generating programme, response and resolution from elements inherent in the diachronic context. / Dissertation MArch(Prof)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / Architecture / MArch(Prof) / Unrestricted

Homebirth as Actor-Network: Multiple realities The topic of this medical anthropology thesis is a description of homebirth seen through the eyes of Actor-Network Theory. The focus of this work is thus not on the professional concept of homebirth as a biological process or soon-to-be-mothers experience and take on homebirth. Focus is on homebirth in itself, how it is enacted in practice. After the presentation of two points of view on medicine (disease and illness), an introduction into the basic principles and innovations of ANT (including anthropology of symmetry) and works of people, who build their ideas on it (Mol - multiplicity, De Laet - fluidity, Law), the thesis shifts its focus to the description of the whole actor- network, which enacts homebirth via interaction between the actors in practice. These practices are abstracted from the interviews with mothers, a dula and a paediatrician. The description includes people and objects, because according to ANT, they have the same amount of social agency. Homebirth is then enacted by the objects needed for homebirth - tools to make birth easier and to support its process, by people who partake, venues it takes place and the birthing positions it brings. Another part of the actor-network can be found before the homebirth happens - the hunt for information...

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This study documents the problematic translator-publisher relationship in the case of the English translation of Simone de Beauvoir’s Le deuxième sexe. The socio-historical investigation of the case study demonstrates that the 1953 translation was complicated by several factors: the translator’s lack of philosophical knowledge, the editor’s demands to cut and simplify the text, the publisher’s intention to emphasize the book’s scientific cachet, and Beauvoir’s lack of cooperation. The investigation focuses on two aspects: the translator’s subservience and the involvement of multiple actors. Primarily concerned with the interaction between the translator and other actors, this study seeks answers that require investigation into historical documents and the work of other scholars critical of The Second Sex. In this enquiry, more than one hundred letters between the translator, H. M. Parshley, and the publisher, Knopf, are thoroughly analyzed. The study combines Bruno Latour’s and Pierre Bourdieu’s sociological concepts in order to provide a more detailed and encompassing examination within the context of Translation Studies. The letter correspondence is the primary evidence on which the study’s conclusions are based. / Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada