Thesis (M.A. Education (Community and Continuing Education)) -- University of Limpopo, 2015 / This report describes the research conducted at Kgotlelelang Basadi Home-based Care centre, in the Capricorn District Limpopo Province of South Africa. The centre serves four villages: Ngwanamago, Makata, Matobole and Thaba. Statement of the problem It seems the home-based caregivers of chronic patients at Kgotlelelang Basadi HBC centre do not have the necessary qualifications, knowledge, skills, and health care and protective resources such as gloves, thermometers and masks. It looks like the homebased caregivers are not adequately and continuously trained as there are always new discoveries and developments with regard to the treatment of diseases. It apprears they perform their duties without sufficient support by relevant institutions like clinics and hospitals. Furthermore, it appears the home-based caregivers are not recognised, and are also undermined. The aim of the study is to explore the educational needs and assets of home-based caregivers for homebound chronic patients at Kgotlelelang Basadi Home-based Care centre. After establishing the educational needs and assets of home-based caregivers I recommended the formulation of possible relevant educational programmes. In an attempt to achieve the said aims, the following research questions were formulated and put forward in chapter 1. Objectives  To establish the existing qualifications of home-based caregivers for home-bound chronic patients at Kgotlelelang Basadi HBC Centre.  To determine the relevancy of the existing educational programmes of home-based caregivers for home-bound chronic patients.  To contribute towards formulating relevant educational programmes of home-based caregivers for home-bound chronic patients.

The increased demand for Out of School Hours Care (OSHC) has been linked to changes that have occurred in the family structure and work habits. OSHC programs operating on school sites under the management of a committee of parents and school representatives provide parents with one option to meet the needs for care of primary age children. This study examined the issue of OSHC from the perspectives of workers involved in the provision of services in government school sites in the ACT. Data were gathered by way of semi-structured interviews with nineteen coordinators from sixteen After School Care (ASC) centres. The data were analysed to find similarities in the experiences of workers interviewed. Extracts from the interviews are presented in the findings to illustrate the perceptions care givers have about their work and areas where changes can be made to improve the quality of ASC services. The study provides information on the factors affecting the provision of quality services and suggests possible directions for future planning and research in this area. The findings indicate that the care givers interviewed perceived their role as a positive influence in the lives of children and families. Care givers sought to provide relaxed environments for children after the school day. Many centres operated with the strong support of parents, schools and management committees. The findings suggest that ASC centres can and do operate successfully on school sites in the ACT and that care givers were generally happy with the level of service provided. However, variability in the facilities and support provided to centres was noted. The study concludes that real improvement to the quality of programs and support of workers is dependent on the introduction of nationally recognised standards in the provision of ASC.

In dieser Arbeit wurde das Konzept der Gesundheitszirkel auf das Arbeitsfeld der Kinderbetreuung in Kindertagesstätten adaptiert und in sieben Einrichtungen mit insgesamt 73 Erzieherinnen und Leiterinnen evaluiert. Die gesamte Intervention "Gesundheitszirkel in Kindertagesstätten" bestand aus der Entwicklung eines Manuals, der Konzeption und Umsetzung einer Qualifizierungsmaßnahme für die Moderatoren der Zirkel und der von zwei Moderatorinnen realisierten fünf bis sechs Sitzungen umfassenden Gesundheitszirkel. Die betrieblichen Gesundheitszirkel wurden nach der wissenschaftlich evaluierten Basis des Düsseldorfer Modells ausgerichtet. Das Ziel dieser Studie war zu überprüfen, ob das Manual und das Qualifizierungsseminar als praxisorientierte Anleitung für die Umsetzung der Gesundheitszirkel dienen und ob sich das adaptierte Konzept für die Problemerkennung und ?bearbeitung in Kindertagesstätten eignet. Um diese Fragen zu beantworten, wurde eine Struktur-, Prozess- und Ergebnisevaluation durchgeführt. Insgesamt wurden die Teilnehmerinnen viermal befragt: dreimal während der Intervention und einmal zwei Monate nach Abschluss der Zirkel. Die Moderatorinnen beurteilten die Qualifizierung und das Manual als hilfreich für die Umsetzung des Gesundheitszirkels und gestalteten die Sitzungen entsprechend den Vorgaben aus dem Leitfaden. Von der Mehrheit der Teilnehmerinnen wurde sowohl die Moderation als auch die Moderationsmethode positiv und strukturierend über die Messzeitpunkte hinweg gleich bleibend beurteilt. Den Erwartungen, dass im Gesundheitszirkel Problembereiche benannt, eigene Vorschläge geäußert und über gesundheitliche Auswirkungen der Arbeit gesprochen werden können, stimmten die Befragten in hoher Ausprägung zu. Die Beschäftigten waren mit den Rahmenbedingungen des Gesundheitszirkels während der gesamten Intervention sehr zufrieden. Die Auswertung der Intervention lässt sich in die Ergebnisse anderer Evaluationsstudien von Gesundheitszirkeln einordnen. Ebenso entsprechen die erhobenen Informationen zur Arbeitsbelastung den in der Literatur erhobenen Faktoren. Somit ist das Verfahren auch in andere Einrichtungen übertragbar und eignet sich als Verfahren betrieblicher Gesundheitsförderung in Kindertagesstätten.

In dieser Arbeit wurde das Konzept der Gesundheitszirkel auf das Arbeitsfeld der Kinderbetreuung in Kindertagesstätten adaptiert und in sieben Einrichtungen mit insgesamt 73 Erzieherinnen und Leiterinnen evaluiert. Die gesamte Intervention "Gesundheitszirkel in Kindertagesstätten" bestand aus der Entwicklung eines Manuals, der Konzeption und Umsetzung einer Qualifizierungsmaßnahme für die Moderatoren der Zirkel und der von zwei Moderatorinnen realisierten fünf bis sechs Sitzungen umfassenden Gesundheitszirkel. Die betrieblichen Gesundheitszirkel wurden nach der wissenschaftlich evaluierten Basis des Düsseldorfer Modells ausgerichtet. Das Ziel dieser Studie war zu überprüfen, ob das Manual und das Qualifizierungsseminar als praxisorientierte Anleitung für die Umsetzung der Gesundheitszirkel dienen und ob sich das adaptierte Konzept für die Problemerkennung und ?bearbeitung in Kindertagesstätten eignet. Um diese Fragen zu beantworten, wurde eine Struktur-, Prozess- und Ergebnisevaluation durchgeführt. Insgesamt wurden die Teilnehmerinnen viermal befragt: dreimal während der Intervention und einmal zwei Monate nach Abschluss der Zirkel. Die Moderatorinnen beurteilten die Qualifizierung und das Manual als hilfreich für die Umsetzung des Gesundheitszirkels und gestalteten die Sitzungen entsprechend den Vorgaben aus dem Leitfaden. Von der Mehrheit der Teilnehmerinnen wurde sowohl die Moderation als auch die Moderationsmethode positiv und strukturierend über die Messzeitpunkte hinweg gleich bleibend beurteilt. Den Erwartungen, dass im Gesundheitszirkel Problembereiche benannt, eigene Vorschläge geäußert und über gesundheitliche Auswirkungen der Arbeit gesprochen werden können, stimmten die Befragten in hoher Ausprägung zu. Die Beschäftigten waren mit den Rahmenbedingungen des Gesundheitszirkels während der gesamten Intervention sehr zufrieden. Die Auswertung der Intervention lässt sich in die Ergebnisse anderer Evaluationsstudien von Gesundheitszirkeln einordnen. Ebenso entsprechen die erhobenen Informationen zur Arbeitsbelastung den in der Literatur erhobenen Faktoren. Somit ist das Verfahren auch in andere Einrichtungen übertragbar und eignet sich als Verfahren betrieblicher Gesundheitsförderung in Kindertagesstätten.

Yes / As the ageing population in China continues to grow, more people will be living with long-term health conditions and require support from family care-givers. This scoping review therefore aims to explore sources of stress and coping mechanisms adopted by care-givers of older relatives living with long-term conditions in mainland China. Literature searches were conducted in English (CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and SCOPUS) and Chinese (CNKI, WANFANG DATA, CQVIP and CBM) databases between October and November 2019. The searches focused on the stressors and coping mechanisms utilised by family care-givers residing in the community. Narrative synthesis was used to identify themes within the data. Forty-six papers were included: 20 papers from English and 26 from Chinese databases. Six themes captured stressors: care-giving time (N = 22), financial resources (N = 17), role and personal strains (N = 42), preparedness (N = 4), social roles (N = 10) and lack of adequate formal support (N = 22); and one theme captured coping (N = 14). Unmet needs of care-givers of older relatives in mainland China were found to be extensive. Only a few studies had attempted to explore the causal link between stressors, coping and the influence of culture. Findings underscore the significance of adequately capturing intricacies around care-givers’ unmet needs, rather than generalising on the basis of culture. Qualitative studies are critical to providing a better understanding of the relationship between stressors, coping and resources afforded to care-givers by their cultural environment. Having such understanding is crucial to inform the development of competent care, which promotes self-efficacy and self-actualisation in care-givers in mainland China. / This work was supported by Research England: Quality Related Global Challenge Research Fund (QR-GCRF).

Performativa handlingars genuskraft är en småskalig kvalitativ studie som bygger på socialkonstruktivism med Judith Butlers teori om genusskapande och performativitet som teoretisk utgångspunkt. Studiens syfte är att undersöka förskollärares och barnskötares performativa handlingar i språkbruket gentemot förskolebarn i naturmiljöer beroende på barnets biologiska kön. Avsikten är att belysa hur verksamma förskollärare och barnskötare i södra Sverige använder och uppfattar performativa handlingar i förhållande till förskolebarnets biologiska kön i naturmiljöer. Studien bygger på observationer i naturmiljöer och intervjuer av sex förskollärare och barnskötare. Resultatet visar att förskollärarna och barnskötarna genomför performativer i naturmiljöer och beskriver själva att de uppfattar att inga performativer genomförs medvetet. Mycket av förskollärarnas och barnskötarnas uppfattning grundar sig i inställningen till naturen som neutral med fokus på barnet som individ. Främst urskiljs performativa handlingar i förskollärares och barnskötares tonläge och röstvolym i resultatet. Barn vars biologiska kön tillhör flickor möter ett högre tonläge och svagare röstvolym medan pojkar bemöts med neutralt tonläge och något starkare röstvolym. Förskollärarna och barnskötarna tenderar till att prata med något mjukare och lugnare röst gentemot flickor. Även kroppsspråket gentemot barnet tyder på performativer där övervägande del av informanterna observerats använda något mjukare och mindre rörelser mot flickor. Slutligen indikerar resultatet att samtalsämne skiljer beroende på barnets biologiska kön.

According to the 1 991 Annual Report of the Department of Health and Social Services of former Bophuthatswana, there were 364 reported malignant conditions found in women with cancer of the breast and cervix being the most prevalent. What causes great concern is t.he fact that patients present for the first time at health facilities during advanced stages of these diseases thus making the prognosis poor. Black patients in this study were found to present with cancer of the breast at an earlier age than their white counterparts. In addition to the above named problems, no facility exists for the treatment of cancer in the area of study and patients have to be referred to other areas. It was on the strength of the above observations that the researcher embarked upon this study to establish the effects of the diagnosis cancer and mastectomy on the victims. The aims of the study therefore were: to explore and describe the psycho-social effects of the diagnosis and treatment on Black women; develop guidelines for oncology nurses and doctors to assist with the adaptation of these patients to the diagnosis and treatment; and provide information that could lead to better training of oncology personnel as well as develop a proper support system to facilitate adjustment of the mastectomised patient to the disease and its treatment. Data were collected using the qualitative and quantitative approaches with individual in-depth interviews forming the main strategy. The findings revealed that the diagnosis cancer of the breast was equated with death among all respondents. The mastectomy added more stress for the patient, which was further compounded by chemo- and radiotherapy. The latter was described as causing more pain than the tumour itself. Problems experienced by the patients were reported to include: financial difficulties; general weakness; fear of recurrence and metastasis; concern for dependent children and fear of unemployment. All respondents in this study expressed the need for the formation of a voluntary care group, which could assist them with adaptation to the disease and its treatment. / Advanced Nursing Sciences / D. Lit. et Phil. (Advanced Nursing Sciences)

The research focused on employee wellness and explored and described the role of spirituality in the wellbeing of CHCWs of HIV/AIDS patients. It was important to determine how CHCWs dealt with the stress of caregiving, due to the increasing number of HIV infections and burden on government resources. The approach was a phenomenological qualitative study using faceto- face interviews to collect data from a purposive sample of eight CHCWs from a population of 250 at Temba. The audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed for emerging themes using thematic analyses. The research findings provided evidence that spirituality impacted positively on the wellbeing of the CHCWs by providing the coping mechanism to deal with stress. The conclusions drawn were that personal and organisational wellbeing operated at an optimal level due to the influence of spirituality. Recommendations were that formalised spiritual programmes were offered as a tool to equip CHCWs in their duties. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. Com.

According to the 1 991 Annual Report of the Department of Health and Social Services of former Bophuthatswana, there were 364 reported malignant conditions found in women with cancer of the breast and cervix being the most prevalent. What causes great concern is t.he fact that patients present for the first time at health facilities during advanced stages of these diseases thus making the prognosis poor. Black patients in this study were found to present with cancer of the breast at an earlier age than their white counterparts. In addition to the above named problems, no facility exists for the treatment of cancer in the area of study and patients have to be referred to other areas. It was on the strength of the above observations that the researcher embarked upon this study to establish the effects of the diagnosis cancer and mastectomy on the victims. The aims of the study therefore were: to explore and describe the psycho-social effects of the diagnosis and treatment on Black women; develop guidelines for oncology nurses and doctors to assist with the adaptation of these patients to the diagnosis and treatment; and provide information that could lead to better training of oncology personnel as well as develop a proper support system to facilitate adjustment of the mastectomised patient to the disease and its treatment. Data were collected using the qualitative and quantitative approaches with individual in-depth interviews forming the main strategy. The findings revealed that the diagnosis cancer of the breast was equated with death among all respondents. The mastectomy added more stress for the patient, which was further compounded by chemo- and radiotherapy. The latter was described as causing more pain than the tumour itself. Problems experienced by the patients were reported to include: financial difficulties; general weakness; fear of recurrence and metastasis; concern for dependent children and fear of unemployment. All respondents in this study expressed the need for the formation of a voluntary care group, which could assist them with adaptation to the disease and its treatment. / Advanced Nursing Sciences / D. Lit. et Phil. (Advanced Nursing Sciences)

Please read the abstract in the section 00front of this document / Dissertation (MA (Social Work))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Social Work and Criminology / Unrestricted