Spelling suggestions: "subject:"caregivers.""
311 |
Quality of naps in infants across home and early childhood education centre settingsStuart, Shirley Eleanor January 2011 (has links)
Limited research has been done on naps, particularly in early childhood education centres (ECECs). The present study followed a study by Torok (2009) with sleep-disturbed infants in ECECs. The objective of the current study was to examine the quality of naps in infants described as “typical sleepers” across two settings: the home and the early childhood education centre (ECEC). Two males and two females, ranging in age from 15- to 17-months contributed to four case studies. These were: i) an infant transitioning to the ECEC; ii) and iii) infants described as “settled” in an ECEC; and iv) an infant reported to have sleeping difficulties at home after the occurrence of a major earthquake. Observations from digital recordings were coded to determine sleep states and patterns. The findings across each case study were: i) naps varied in both settings during the infant’s transition to an ECEC but settled in both settings once the infant was “settled” at the ECEC; ii) naps tended to be consistent across both settings in the “typical sleepers” who were settled at the ECEC; and iii) naps at home were varied in the infant reported to have reacted to the earthquake while her naps at the ECEC were consistent. Overall findings suggested that total nap periods tended to be longer at home, sleep efficiency tended to be higher at the ECEC, and that participants tended to engage in more active sleep than quiet sleep. Caregiver presence was a major difference between the home and ECEC setting. This study demonstrated differences and similarities across both settings with infants described as “typical sleepers”. This is an important area due to the increasing number of infants attending ECECs (Statistics NZ, 2010). Several directions for future research have been presented.
|
312 |
Närståendes behov av stöd från sjuksköterskan inom palliativ vård : en kvalitativ studie / Relatives need of support from the nurse in palliative care : a qualitative studyNordström, Åsa January 2014 (has links)
No description available.
|
313 |
Exploring community-based interventions for mentally ill patients to improve quality of care / L.M. Mamabolo.Mamabolo, Lydia Mamakhoa January 2013 (has links)
Mentally ill patients need to be treated with dignity and their basic human rights must be respected. Community-based interventions are commonly used in many areas after deinstitutionalisation of mentally ill patients. However, it is unfortunate that mental health and mental disorders are neglected in many areas with no proper or standardized services in the community for treatment and support. As a result, most of the mentally ill patients roam in the streets in the rural communities. Exploring community-based interventions in rural areas could assist to improve the quality care of the mentally ill patients. The communities need to be aware of the interventions available to support the mentally ill patients and their family members so that community members who give care to mentally ill patients can be able to identify, implement, monitor and sustain effective interventions to meet the needs of the mentally ill patients in rural areas. Suggestions could also be made to the Department of Health with regard to the community-based interventions in order to improve quality of patient care.
The aim of this research was to explore and describe the current community-based interventions for the mentally ill patients as well as explore recommendations by the professional nurses and community caregivers about the utilization of community-based interventions to support mentally ill patients in a rural community.
In order to obtain rich in-depth data, a qualitative research approach was followed. A case study design was used to complement the holistic in-depth investigation. Purposive sampling was used to identify professional nurses as participants in the community and snow-ball sampling was used to identify further community caregivers who meet the inclusion criteria. Ethics was considered during the identification and selection of participants. Triangulation of data collection method was undertaken where structured interviews, field notes and documents were used as methods of data collection. A semi-structured interview schedule was formulated which was evaluated by experts in qualitative research. A trial run interview was conducted prior to data collection. Voice recorders were used for the purpose of audio taping the interviews, thereafter the interviews were transcribed and prepared for data analysis. The researcher ensured that field notes were taken immediately after each interview. Data was collected until saturation was reached after ten interviews and analysis of six documents.
Data was analysed by means of a written record or transcripts as suggested by Neuwenhuis (2011:89). A specialist qualitative researcher was appointed as a co-coder to analyse the data. The interpretative pattern of data analysis for qualitative data analysis was followed and the guidelines prescribed by Terre Blanche, Durrheim and Kelly (2011:321) were adopted. The identified themes were current interventions and utilizing current suggested interventions. Thus conclusions were drawn in relation to identified themes that with current interventions there are different categories of caregivers that are involved in the care of mentally ill patients in rural communities. Included are the health caregivers, non-governmental organisations, police officers, faith/spiritual healers, traditional healers, families and community members. However challenges were still identified for an example defaulting of treatment, relapse and readmissions of mentally ill patients. With regard to utilizing suggested interventions, participants emphasised more on the need to develop structures in order to support the mentally ill patients in their rural communities and continued community education mental illness and mental health. The recommendations were made to nursing practice, nursing research and nursing education. / Thesis (MCur)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
|
314 |
Exploring community-based interventions for mentally ill patients to improve quality of care / L.M. Mamabolo.Mamabolo, Lydia Mamakhoa January 2013 (has links)
Mentally ill patients need to be treated with dignity and their basic human rights must be respected. Community-based interventions are commonly used in many areas after deinstitutionalisation of mentally ill patients. However, it is unfortunate that mental health and mental disorders are neglected in many areas with no proper or standardized services in the community for treatment and support. As a result, most of the mentally ill patients roam in the streets in the rural communities. Exploring community-based interventions in rural areas could assist to improve the quality care of the mentally ill patients. The communities need to be aware of the interventions available to support the mentally ill patients and their family members so that community members who give care to mentally ill patients can be able to identify, implement, monitor and sustain effective interventions to meet the needs of the mentally ill patients in rural areas. Suggestions could also be made to the Department of Health with regard to the community-based interventions in order to improve quality of patient care.
The aim of this research was to explore and describe the current community-based interventions for the mentally ill patients as well as explore recommendations by the professional nurses and community caregivers about the utilization of community-based interventions to support mentally ill patients in a rural community.
In order to obtain rich in-depth data, a qualitative research approach was followed. A case study design was used to complement the holistic in-depth investigation. Purposive sampling was used to identify professional nurses as participants in the community and snow-ball sampling was used to identify further community caregivers who meet the inclusion criteria. Ethics was considered during the identification and selection of participants. Triangulation of data collection method was undertaken where structured interviews, field notes and documents were used as methods of data collection. A semi-structured interview schedule was formulated which was evaluated by experts in qualitative research. A trial run interview was conducted prior to data collection. Voice recorders were used for the purpose of audio taping the interviews, thereafter the interviews were transcribed and prepared for data analysis. The researcher ensured that field notes were taken immediately after each interview. Data was collected until saturation was reached after ten interviews and analysis of six documents.
Data was analysed by means of a written record or transcripts as suggested by Neuwenhuis (2011:89). A specialist qualitative researcher was appointed as a co-coder to analyse the data. The interpretative pattern of data analysis for qualitative data analysis was followed and the guidelines prescribed by Terre Blanche, Durrheim and Kelly (2011:321) were adopted. The identified themes were current interventions and utilizing current suggested interventions. Thus conclusions were drawn in relation to identified themes that with current interventions there are different categories of caregivers that are involved in the care of mentally ill patients in rural communities. Included are the health caregivers, non-governmental organisations, police officers, faith/spiritual healers, traditional healers, families and community members. However challenges were still identified for an example defaulting of treatment, relapse and readmissions of mentally ill patients. With regard to utilizing suggested interventions, participants emphasised more on the need to develop structures in order to support the mentally ill patients in their rural communities and continued community education mental illness and mental health. The recommendations were made to nursing practice, nursing research and nursing education. / Thesis (MCur)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
|
315 |
'n Verkenning van assesseringspraktyke van maatskaplike werkers in die bepaling van binding tussen die middelkinderjare-kind en sy versorgers / deur Heidi JoubertJoubert, Heidi January 2008 (has links)
Assessing the attachment between a child and caregiver is an important task within the social worker's professional domain. This is mostly restricted due to a lack of training and expertise with regard to methods and techniques used in assessing attachment. The identified problem led to the implementation of a descriptive study aimed at exploring effectiveness of scales for the assessment of attachment between the child in the middle childhood years and his/her caregiver. The goal was achieved by studying and exploring available practices derived from an extensive literature review and empirical study.
Seven social workers in Bloemfontein participated in the study. Target-sampling was undertaken to ensure that participants represented different areas in the work-field that employ the assessment of attachment.
Social workers in South Africa show preference to qualitative assessment procedures, including an assessment of the child, an assessment of the caregiver, observation and a collateral investigation. Although such an approach is generally consistent with literature, the present study highlighted an additional need for the standardization of assessment scales for attachment in middle childhood to be utilized in conjunction with qualitative methods of assessment. The literature review confirmed the availability of a range of reliable scales, though not validated thoroughly, but thus far unexplored by social workers in South Africa.
A qualitative approach within the Developmental and Utilization Model enabled the researcher to conduct an in-depth analysis of the existing problem. Information was gathered with regard to relevant aspects of attachment in middle childhood in a successful attempt to formulate guidelines for the development of an effective model for the assessment of attachment between the child in middle childhood years and his caregiver. / Thesis (M.A. (MW))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.
|
316 |
An HIV and AIDS group work programme empowering adolescents for the possible death of their caregivers / Korita OlivierOlivier, Korita January 2009 (has links)
The overarching objective of this study was to develop and empirically evaluate an HIV and AIDS group work programme empowering adolescents to deal with the possible death of their parents/caregivers. This thesis comprised five sections:
Section A contains the problem statement, research objectives and the procedures that were followed. Furthermore the limitations of this study were discussed, the definitions of key words were given and an exposition was given of the composition of the research report. The problem statement can be condensed as follows:
The large and growing number of adolescents affected by HIV and AIDS makes knowledge concerning their needs essential so as to provide effective interventions. A better understanding of the emotional, social and health needs of adolescents of HIV-infected parents is essential. Responses to adolescents affected by HIV and AIDS should address their needs. Programme development must be done in response to adolescents' needs via their active participation in the entire process.
The problem statement led to five research aims. The concurrent embedded strategy was used in this study and was implemented with a mixed method design model. Interviews and questionnaires were used to collect qualitative and quantitative data simultaneously. Literature studies were conducted on the themes HIV and AIDS, adolescence, the needs of adolescents and group work.
Section B consists of four articles that together formed the report on the research outcomes. Each article was a report on a particular sub-project of the research and had, as a self-contained unit, an own research aim, research method and report. Each article was linked to the central aim, the objectives and the content of the umbrella research project. The four articles were:
> ARTICLE 1: A profile of adolescents' households infected with or affected by HIV and AIDS:
A comprehensive profile of adolescents' households infected with or affected by HIV and AIDS was drafted, based on the results gained from interviews with and the completion of questionnaires by 169 households. Data collected and discussed included various demographic data regarding the households, their health and well-being, school attendance as well as information on child-headed households.
> ARTICLE 2: The needs of adolescents in households infected with or affected by HIV and AIDS:
The needs of adolescents whose caregivers are infected with or affected by HIV and AIDS were discussed. Various basic and developmental needs of adolescents were discussed as well as specific needs they may experience when their caregivers become infected with or affected by HIV and AIDS.
> ARTICLE 3: An HIV and AIDS group work programme empowering adolescents to deal with the possible death of their parents/caregivers:
An HIV and AIDS group work programme was developed, preparing adolescents for the death of their parents/caretakers and empowering them with skills to be able to deal with it. A needs assessment was done on a large number of adolescents from households infected with or affected by HIV and AIDS. The selection of members for this programme, as well as guidelines for group work with adolescents, were discussed. This article focused mainly on the themes and contents of the designed group work programme.
> ARTICLE 4: The evaluation of an HIV and AIDS group work programme empowering adolescents for the possible death of their parents/caregivers:
The programme was implemented with 8 adolescents in an experimental group and 8 adolescents in the control group. The Child Functioning Inventory High School (CFI-HIGH) and the Generalized Contentment Scale (GCS) were used as quantitative measuring instruments at two occasions with both groups. The experimental group was also qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated by means of a self-developed questionnaire.
Section C provided a summary of the findings and conclusions of the research report in total and some recommendations are provided.
Section D consisted of various addenda, such as questionnaires and measuring instruments that were used.
Section E contained an integrated bibliography. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Social Work))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.
|
317 |
'n Verkenning van assesseringspraktyke van maatskaplike werkers in die bepaling van binding tussen die middelkinderjare-kind en sy versorgers / deur Heidi JoubertJoubert, Heidi January 2008 (has links)
Assessing the attachment between a child and caregiver is an important task within the social worker's professional domain. This is mostly restricted due to a lack of training and expertise with regard to methods and techniques used in assessing attachment. The identified problem led to the implementation of a descriptive study aimed at exploring effectiveness of scales for the assessment of attachment between the child in the middle childhood years and his/her caregiver. The goal was achieved by studying and exploring available practices derived from an extensive literature review and empirical study.
Seven social workers in Bloemfontein participated in the study. Target-sampling was undertaken to ensure that participants represented different areas in the work-field that employ the assessment of attachment.
Social workers in South Africa show preference to qualitative assessment procedures, including an assessment of the child, an assessment of the caregiver, observation and a collateral investigation. Although such an approach is generally consistent with literature, the present study highlighted an additional need for the standardization of assessment scales for attachment in middle childhood to be utilized in conjunction with qualitative methods of assessment. The literature review confirmed the availability of a range of reliable scales, though not validated thoroughly, but thus far unexplored by social workers in South Africa.
A qualitative approach within the Developmental and Utilization Model enabled the researcher to conduct an in-depth analysis of the existing problem. Information was gathered with regard to relevant aspects of attachment in middle childhood in a successful attempt to formulate guidelines for the development of an effective model for the assessment of attachment between the child in middle childhood years and his caregiver. / Thesis (M.A. (MW))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.
|
318 |
An HIV and AIDS group work programme empowering adolescents for the possible death of their caregivers / Korita OlivierOlivier, Korita January 2009 (has links)
The overarching objective of this study was to develop and empirically evaluate an HIV and AIDS group work programme empowering adolescents to deal with the possible death of their parents/caregivers. This thesis comprised five sections:
Section A contains the problem statement, research objectives and the procedures that were followed. Furthermore the limitations of this study were discussed, the definitions of key words were given and an exposition was given of the composition of the research report. The problem statement can be condensed as follows:
The large and growing number of adolescents affected by HIV and AIDS makes knowledge concerning their needs essential so as to provide effective interventions. A better understanding of the emotional, social and health needs of adolescents of HIV-infected parents is essential. Responses to adolescents affected by HIV and AIDS should address their needs. Programme development must be done in response to adolescents' needs via their active participation in the entire process.
The problem statement led to five research aims. The concurrent embedded strategy was used in this study and was implemented with a mixed method design model. Interviews and questionnaires were used to collect qualitative and quantitative data simultaneously. Literature studies were conducted on the themes HIV and AIDS, adolescence, the needs of adolescents and group work.
Section B consists of four articles that together formed the report on the research outcomes. Each article was a report on a particular sub-project of the research and had, as a self-contained unit, an own research aim, research method and report. Each article was linked to the central aim, the objectives and the content of the umbrella research project. The four articles were:
> ARTICLE 1: A profile of adolescents' households infected with or affected by HIV and AIDS:
A comprehensive profile of adolescents' households infected with or affected by HIV and AIDS was drafted, based on the results gained from interviews with and the completion of questionnaires by 169 households. Data collected and discussed included various demographic data regarding the households, their health and well-being, school attendance as well as information on child-headed households.
> ARTICLE 2: The needs of adolescents in households infected with or affected by HIV and AIDS:
The needs of adolescents whose caregivers are infected with or affected by HIV and AIDS were discussed. Various basic and developmental needs of adolescents were discussed as well as specific needs they may experience when their caregivers become infected with or affected by HIV and AIDS.
> ARTICLE 3: An HIV and AIDS group work programme empowering adolescents to deal with the possible death of their parents/caregivers:
An HIV and AIDS group work programme was developed, preparing adolescents for the death of their parents/caretakers and empowering them with skills to be able to deal with it. A needs assessment was done on a large number of adolescents from households infected with or affected by HIV and AIDS. The selection of members for this programme, as well as guidelines for group work with adolescents, were discussed. This article focused mainly on the themes and contents of the designed group work programme.
> ARTICLE 4: The evaluation of an HIV and AIDS group work programme empowering adolescents for the possible death of their parents/caregivers:
The programme was implemented with 8 adolescents in an experimental group and 8 adolescents in the control group. The Child Functioning Inventory High School (CFI-HIGH) and the Generalized Contentment Scale (GCS) were used as quantitative measuring instruments at two occasions with both groups. The experimental group was also qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated by means of a self-developed questionnaire.
Section C provided a summary of the findings and conclusions of the research report in total and some recommendations are provided.
Section D consisted of various addenda, such as questionnaires and measuring instruments that were used.
Section E contained an integrated bibliography. / Thesis (Ph.D. (Social Work))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.
|
319 |
Moderskapets arena? : En internetbaserad studie av fäders texter om erfarenheter av kontakter med socialtjänsten / The motherhood arena? : An internet-based study of texts by fathers about experiences of contacts with the social servicesHult, Jenny, Hyvönen, Maja January 2014 (has links)
Intresset till studien uppkom genom att en webbgemenskap upptäcktes i vilken fäder söker stöd från varandra i förhållande till socialtjänsten, det väckte vår nyfikenhet kring vad orsaken och syftet är till att fäder söker sig till webbgemenskapen. Syftet med studien är att söka förståelse för varför fäderna vänder sig till webbgemenskapen på internet, att beskriva vilka föreställningar som skapas kring socialtjänsten i webbgemenskapen samt hur föreställningar begripliggörs och förklaras av fäderna. För insamling av empiri har en kvalitativ observationsstudie på internet genomförts där empirin som legat till grund för resultatet är texter och kommentarer publicerade av personer som utger sig för att vara fäder. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys har använts för att bearbeta den empiri som insamlats och bland annat tre övergripande teman har identifierats: föreställningar kring socialtjänsten, begripliggörande av föreställningarna samt mobiliseringens orsak och syfte. Studien har genomgripande ett genusperspektiv och resultatet av innehållsanalysen analyserades med hjälp av de teoretiska utgångspunkterna: kön som konstruktion – skapandet av genus samt homosocialitet. Resultatet i studien beskriver föreställningar kring att socialtjänsten bedömer fäder och mödrar olika utifrån kön samt reproducerar föreställningar kring traditionella föräldraroller och maskulinitet. Fäderna erhåller inget stöd och känner sig maktlösa utifrån att socialtjänsten privilegierar mödrar, detta leder till att fäderna söker sig till webbgemenskapen för att erhålla olika typer av stöd. Slutsatsen är att socialarbetare måste medvetandegöra föreställningar kring kön, maskulinitet och föräldraskap för att kunna motverka att föreställningar befästs och reproduceras. För detta krävs verktyg som direkt kan appliceras i det praktiska arbetet med fäder, men socialarbetare behöver också vara mer tydliga och lyhörda för att kunna identifiera behov hos fäder för att möjliggöra stödgivande. / The interest of this study were awakened when webcommunities whose purpose is to support fathers against the social services were found. This raised our curiosity about why such webcommunities are needed. The purpose of this study is to seek understanding for why fathers are turning to the webcommunity, also to describe conceptions about the social services which are created in the webcommunity and how those conceptions are understood and explained by the fathers. The method used for collection of data was a qualiatitive obervational study on the internet where the empirical base for the results are published texts and comments by people purporting to be fathers. A qualitative content analysis were used to process the empirical findings and three main themes were developed: conceptions about the social services, understanding of these conceptions and the cause and purpose of the mobilization. This study has a pervasive genderperspective and the result of the content analysis has been analyzed with the theoretical base of: ”doing gender” and homosociality. The result of this study reveals conceptions fathers have about the social services, that the social services assess fathers and mothers on different basis because of their sex. The fathers also claims that the social services reproduces conceptions about traditional parenting-roles and masculinity. The fathers doesn’t recieve the support they need and feel powerless because the social services privileges mothers, which instead leads fathers to seek support from eachother in the webcommunity. The conclusion is that social workers need to be more aware of conceptions they have on gender, masculinity and parenthood to be able to work against these conceptions. To do this social workers needs tools that can be applied in their daily practical work with fathers. But social workers also need to be more distinct and responsive to be able to identify fathers needs and thus offer support.
|
320 |
The Association of Caregiver Unmet Needs with Psychological Well-being of Cancer Survivors: An Application of Interdependence TheoryLi, Angela January 2012 (has links)
Introduction: Cancer survivors continue to experience psychological distress and challenges in their daily lives long after the completion of treatment. Caregivers play a pivotal role in the lives of cancer survivors by providing support in various domains of their lives. The cancer experience between support persons and cancer survivors is intertwined. The interdependence theory will serve as a theoretical framework to guide the purposes of this study.
Objective:The purpose of this research was to gain a better understanding of unmet needs of caregivers supporting long-term cancer survivors and explore how fulfilling the needs of caregivers influenced the psychological well-being of cancer survivors. Specifically, an emphasis was placed on exploring the level of dependence present in marital relationships, and how this impacted the relationship between caregiver unmet needs and the psychological outcomes of cancer survivors.
Method: Data was drawn from The Cancer Support Persons’ Unmet Needs Survey (SPUNS) (Campbell et al., 2009) and The Cancer Survivors’ Unmet Needs Survey (SUNS) (Campbell et al., 2009). Regression models tested for significant interactions between caregiver unmet needs and factors influencing survivor dependence with psychological distress in cancer survivors.
Results: Findings revealed main effects between caregivers’ depression, anxiety, and stress with the respective psychological outcomes in cancer survivors. Caregivers’ concerns about the future predicted elevated depression in cancer survivors. Caregivers with needs pertaining to information or emotions predicted higher anxiety in cancer survivors. Information needs, future concerns, and health care access and continuity needs of caregivers predicted higher survivor stress. Conversely, work and financial needs of caregivers predicted lower depression, anxiety and stress in cancer survivors. Significant interactions were found for caregivers’ concerns about the future by recurrence of diagnosis with decreased survivor anxiety, health care needs of support persons by recurrence of illness with increased survivor anxiety, caregivers’ personal needs by severity of illness with higher survivor anxiety, support persons’ emotional needs by severity of illness with lower survivor anxiety, caregivers’ emotional needs by severity of illness and decreased survivor stress, and finally, support persons’ health care needs by severity of illness with higher survivor stress.
Conclusion: Findings did not fully support the hypotheses of this present study. Nonetheless, the significant results revealed in the findings would be useful to generate alternative hypotheses in future studies regarding interdependence, unmet needs and psychological well-being. The findings for the present study will also provide direction towards improvement in treating caregivers and cancer patients as a conglomerate, and inform programs, services and policies in cancer care.
|
Page generated in 0.1719 seconds