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Anhörigvårdares behov av utbildning och information : Vid vård av en familjemedlem med stroke / Caregivers' need of education and information : When caring for a family member with strokeAbrego Szabo, Leyden, Bengtsson, Marie, Svensson, Anette January 2009 (has links)
Bakgrund: Allt fler personer som haft stroke vårdas i hemmet med stöd från sin familj. Anhörigvårdare upplever att de ”kastas in” i rollen som vårdare och är dåligt förberedda och informerade om den nya situationen. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva anhörigvårdares behov av utbildning och information vid vård av en familjemedlem med stroke. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt genomfördes och baserades på 16 vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultat: Anhörigvårdare hade behov av utbildning och information om sjukdomen stroke, dess orsak, riskfaktorer och behandling samt utbildning i basal omvårdnad för att kunna vårda sina anhöriga i hemmet. Dessutom behövde de utbildning och information om stöd och service från samhället bland annat om hur de kunde bli avlastade i sin vårdarroll. De behövde även information om tillgänglig vårdkoordinator/kontaktsjuksköterska och anhörig/patientförening att vända sig till för information och stöd. Slutsats: Anhöriga behöver involveras mer i vården och därmed ses som en samarbetspartner. Med hjälp av familjesamtal kan distriktssköterskan ta reda på familjens individuella behov av utbildning och information. Författarna föreslår ett utbildnings/informationsprogram för anhöriga för att på så vis undvika att de upplever att de ”kastas in” i vårdarrollen.
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Anhörigas upplevelser av att vårda en familjemedlem som lider av Alzheimers sjukdom : En litteraturstudie / Relatives' experiences of caring for a family member suffering from Alzheimer's disease : A literature reviewStröm, Caroline January 2008 (has links)
Alzheimers sjukdom påverkar både patienten och den som vårdar honom eller henne. En anhörig vårdar ofta patienten och det har visat sig att de är utsatta för olika svårigheter. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva anhörigas upplevelser av att vårda en familjemedlem med Alzheimers sjukdom. Metoden som användes för att besvara syftet var att göra en litteraturstudie enligt Polit och Becks (2004) beskrivning av genomförandet av en litteraturstudie. Dataanalysen skedde med kvalitativ ansats genom att artiklarna lästes igenom noggrant och gemensamheter och mönster bland anhörigvårdares upplevelser söktes. Studiens resultat baserades på åtta vetenskapliga artiklar från vilka fem teman framkom. Resultatet visade att många anhörigvårdare upplevde en förlust av relationer. De saknade relationen både med patienten och med vänner. De tyckte även att det var viktigt att ha fritid och tid för sig själva, vilket ofta var svårt att åstadkomma. Viljan till att söka ny kunskap blev stor när de tog på sig rollen som anhörigvårdare, och många upplevde olika lidanden och besvär såsom skuld och depression. Upplevelserna i resultatet åskådliggjorde att en stor del av de anhöriga inte kände välbefinnande. Detta resultat pekar på vikten av att sjuksköterskor är medvetna om de upplevelser och känslor anhörigvårdare har. / Alzheimer’s disease afflicts both the patient and the person caring for him or her. A relative often provides care for the patient and it appears as though they are exposed to different adversities. The aim of this study was to describe the experiences of relatives which care for a family member suffering from Alzheimer’s disease. The method used to answer the aim was to do a literature review by using Polit and Becks (2004) description of how to make a literature review. The data analysis was made with a qualitative approach by reading the articles accurately and patterns among the experiences family caregivers have been sought. The results of the study are based on eight scientific articles. Five themes emerged from these articles. The results show that many family caregivers experienced a loss of relationships. They missed the relationship with the patient as well as the relationship with friends. They also thought that it was important to have leisure, which often is hard to accomplish. The desire to seek for new knowledge became large when they became family caregivers, and many of them experienced different sufferings and troubles such as guilt and depression. The results show that many of the relatives did not experience well-being. On account of this it is important that nurses know about the experiences and feelings family caregivers have.
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Var är vi någonstans? : En observationsstudie kring omsorgspersonalens användande av klargörande kommunikation i det dagliga arbetet för personer med demensSverkersson, Elvira, Preinitz, Martina January 2013 (has links)
Demens är en vanlig diagnos hos äldre personer i Sverige. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur och varför omsorgspersonal på en gruppbostad för personer med demens använder sig av klargörande kommunikation i det dagliga omsorgsarbetet. Studien har en etnografisk ansats, och datainsamlingsmetoden är deltagande observation. Deltagande observation möjliggjorde att fånga omsorgspersonalens agerande under det dagliga omsorgsarbetet för personer med demens. Studiens resultat visar att omsorgspersonalen använder klargörande kommunikation i olika syften. Syftena var att undvika oönskat beteende hos de boende, uppmana till önskvärd aktivitet hos de boende samt för att hjälpa boende som ger uttryck för desorientering. Omsorgspersonalen agerar klargörande genom att hänvisa till situationens kontext och till de aktiviteter som är lämpliga i stunden. Omsorgspersonalen agerar även klargörande genom att ge de boende tydliga instruktioner och information utifrån omsorgspersonalens kontext när de boende ger uttryck för desorientering. Kunskaper från studien för tillämpning i praktisk omsorg inom gruppboende för äldre är att sätta ord på omsorgspersonalens klargörande omsorgshandlingar samt kunskaper om vilka dessa handlingar är. / Dementia is a common diagnosis among elderly people in Sweden. The aim of this study was to examine how and why caregivers at a nursing home for people with dementia use clarifying communication in the daily care. This study has an ethnographic approach, and the data have been gathered by use of participant observation as a method enabled us to capture the caregiver’s actions during daily care for the people with dementia. The results show that the caregivers used clarifying communication in different purposes. The purpose was to stop the persons with dementia from unwanted behaviour, to encourage the persons with dementia to desirable activities and to help the persons with dementia when they express disorientation. The caregivers acted clarifying by referring to the context of the situation and by referring to appropriate activities. The caregivers also acted clarifying by giving the persons with dementia clear instructions and clear information by the caregiver’s point of view when the people with dementia expressed disorientation. Knowledge from this study for implication in care in nursing homes for elderly people is to name the caregivers clarifying actions and knowledge about witch these clarifying actions are.
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Anhörigas behov av stöd, när de vårdar vuxna närstående med cancer : en litteraturstudieAlvarez, Lorena, Bergström, Susanna January 2013 (has links)
Cancer was the second most common cause of death in Sweden in 2011. As the number of beds in hospitals decreases, numerous severely ill patients receive care at home. This results in family members performing important parts of the caring process. The aim of this study was to describe the caregivers' support needs from healthcare professionals when caring for an adult relative with cancer. A literature review was performed, in which results from empirical studies were reviewed and summarized. The result shows that caregivers need information about the disease and education regarding nursing skills. They also have social needs, such as to participate in decision making concerning treatment alternatives, to be kindly met by healthcare professionals, and to have opportunities for respite. The number of caregivers who suffer from anxiety and depression might indicate the presence of unsatisfied needs, which healthcare professionals could identify early in the care process. By putting focus on the caregivers' needs, healthcare professionals can help them achieve an increased feeling of competence in performing the caring role and possibly promote their sense of health and well-being. / Cancersjukdomar var år 2011 den andra mest förekommande dödsorsaken i Sverige. På grund av minskande antal vårdplatser blir alltfler svårt sjuka vårdade i hemmet, vilket innebär att en stor del av omvårdnaden utförs av anhöriga. Syftet med studien var att beskriva anhörigas behov av stöd från sjukvårdspersonalen vid vård av vuxna närstående med cancer. En allmän litteraturstudie genomfördes där resultat från empiriska studier granskades och sammanställdes. Resultatet visar att anhöriga är i behov av information om sjukdomen och praktisk handledning i omvårdnad. Anhöriga upplever även sociala behov av att få möjlighet till att medverka i beslutfattande gällande behandlingsalternativ, få ett bra bemötande från sjukvårdspersonalen samt få möjlighet till avlastning. En stor mängd anhöriga till närstående som lever med cancer lider av ångest och depression, vilket möjligtvis innebär att det finns otillfredsställda behov som skulle kunna identifieras tidigt i omsorgsprocessen. Med en uppmärksamhet gentemot behoven kan sjukvårdspersonalen bidra till en känsla av ökad kapacitet till vård hos anhöriga och då eventuellt främja deras upplevelse av hälsa och välbefinnande.
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Att vara anhörigvårdare till en lungcancersjuk patientJaans, Elin, Karlsson, Jonathan January 2009 (has links)
Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie är att undersöka upplevelser hos anhörigvårdare till lungcancerpatienter. Artikelsökningar har skett i Cinahl och Pubmed. Tiden för anhörigvårdaren kan se olika ut, kort och intensiv eller lång och utmattande. Upplevelser så som skräck är vanligt förekommande direkt efter lungcancerdiagnosen både för patient och vårdare. Detta för att de anhöriga ställs inför ett klart hot om en kommande förlust samt skrämmande tankar kring döden. Hälsan försämras för anhörigvårdaren under vårdtiden och vissa drabbas av depression. De social relationerna försämras, vissa upphör helt då anhörigvårdaren får en känsla av att de alltid måste vara tillgängliga för den sjuke. Vårdbördan kan vara tung och emotionellt stöd kan vara nödvändigt. Trots det väljer många att inte ta emot eller söka något stöd.Inte bara hälsan förändras under sjukdomstiden utan också mycket annat, den som tidigare haft en passiv roll i hushållet kan bli tvungen att ta en mer aktiv roll i skötseln av hem och ekonomi. Trots att anhörigvårdare ofta känner sig utanför och övergivna väljer de att inte uttrycka sina känslor när de blir tillfrågade eftersom det finns en rädsla att ta fokus från patienten.
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The Impact of Informal Care and Caregiver Burden on Place of Death in Palliative Home CareBrink, Peter 25 September 2008 (has links)
BACKGROUND: Literature suggests that many palliative home care patients wish to die at home. This study investigated determinants of caregiver burden among palliative home care patients, with particular interest in its relationship with place-of-death. Previous research has examined how patient care, health conditions, and characteristics of informal support relate to caregiver burden or place of death in palliative home care. However, none of the existing literature has focused on the role of caregiver burden on place of death or congruency between the patients’ preferred vs. actual place of death. It seems likely that, in light of the high dependence on informal care during the last days of life, that caregiver burden plays a significant role in place of death. A number of factors may contribute to the incongruence between preferred versus actual place of death. For example, informal caregivers may lack the necessary skills and/or knowledge to provide adequate care to terminally ill loved ones. They may also be unable to cope with the type of care required by his or her loved one. Longitudinal studies indicating increasing home death rates among palliative home care patients. Research attributed the increased rate of home death to expanding home care programs rather than improving home care services. The goal of this study was to provide home care agencies the means to increase rates of home death among home care patients who wish to die at home by better directing existing types of services to lessen caregiver burden and improving congruency between preferred versus actual place-of-death.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the research was four fold. First, it validated the caregiver burden items in the interRAI Palliative Care (interRAI PC) with self-report caregiver scales. The second section examined the determinants of caregiver burden. The third section examined the determinants of place of death and congruency between preferred vs. actual place-of-death. The final section examined the role of caregiver burden and place-of-death.
METHODS: This was a prospective cross-sectional study that employed the Caregiver Burden Scale, the Burden Inventory, and the interRAI PC tool. The sample included all palliative home care patients and their caregivers who received formal care from one Ontario community care access centre. Health information was collected by case managers during regular assessment intervals.
RESULTS: The three interRAI PC items measuring caregiver burden are an adequate measure of subjective stress burden. The sum of these items can be used to construct a caregiver burden scale. Determinants of caregiver burden were limited to unstable health and higher levels of self-reported depression, anxiety, and anhedonia. Patients who preferred to die at home were more likely to suffer IADL impairment, but not ADL impairment, and they were more likely to have completed a do-not-hospitalize order or do-not-resuscitate order. Patients whose caregiver was not a spouse or child relative were less likely to prefer home death. Further analyses showed a high level of agreement between preferred versus actual place of death. Overall, 57% of patients died at home, 68% of those patients who wished to die at home had managed to do so. Determinants that increased the likelihood of home death included completion of a do-not-hospitalize order, preference to die at home, and excessive sleep. However, the presence of a caregiver who was unable to continue providing care decreased the likelihood of home death.
CONCLUSION: The purpose of this study was to examine the role of caregiver burden in place of death among recipients of palliative home care. Studies such as this are important to the patients, caregivers, and the agencies that provide home care. Results of this study confirm many of the determinants of home death reported by earlier research. It is unique in that it identifies the caregiver’s ability to continue providing care as an important determinant of home death. These results support that notion that the needs of the caregiver should also be examined when determining the needs of the patient and that the patient and caregiver should be considered a unit of care. It also illustrates the important role of advanced directives, more specifically do-not-hospitalize orders, among patients receiving palliative home care.
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Alzheimers sjukdom : - ur anhörigvårdarnas perspektiv / Alzheimers disease : - from the caregivers perspectiveHerkin, Anna, Marklinder, Klara January 2011 (has links)
Att vara anhörigvårdare till en person med Alzheimers sjukdom innebär förändringar inom familjen som kan vara svåra att hantera. Sjuksköterskan kan hjälpa anhörigvårdaren att lättare hantera rollen som vårdare genom att ge adekvat information och stöd. Syftet var att undersöka behovet av stöd och information hos anhörigvårdare till personer med Alzheimers sjukdom. Metoden var en litteraturstudie där fyra kvalitativa samt tio kvantitativa artiklar sammanställdes till ett resultat. Resultatet visade på ett stort behov av information och stöd under hela sjukdomsprocessen. Det sociala nätverket och vårdpersonal utgjorde ett stort stöd för anhörigvårdarna. Stödgrupper och stödprogram visade sig vara uppskattade av anhörigvårdare då de tillgodosåg behovet av både stöd och information. Anhörigvårdare ville ha adekvat information i ett tidigt skede av sjukdomen och det fanns ett uttalat behov av individanpassad information. Sjuksköterskans uppgift är att uppmärksamma dessa behov och tillgodose dem, genom att hjälpa anhörigvårdare att etablera kontakt med andra i samma situation. Det bör ingå i utbildningen att uppmärksamma anhörigvårdare och deras behov för att få en ökad förståelse för deras situation. Fortsatt forskning är önskvärt för att lyfta fram anhörigvårdarnas behov. / To become a caregiver to a person with Alzheimer´s disease means a lot of changes in the family that can be hard to cope with. The nurse can give adequate information and support to help the caregiver handle the role as a career. The purpose of the study was to examine the needs of information and support to caregivers of persons with Alzheimer’s disease. The literature study was based on four qualitative and ten quantitative articles. These articles were processed and compiled to a result. The result showed a great need of information and support through the whole process of the disease. The social network and health professionals were a great support to the caregivers. Support groups and support interventions were valuable to the caregivers because their needs of support and information were satisfied. The caregivers wanted information about Alzheimer's disease in its early stages and that information should be tailored individually. A task that should be provided by the nurse is to identify the needs of the caregivers and help them establish a contact with other peers in satisfying these needs. The nurse education should include the caregivers’ needs and therefore allowing the nurse a better understanding of each caregiver given situation. Therefore, there is a need for further research in highlighting the needs of caregivers.
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Att vara ett steg före eller efter : Äldre anhörigvårdares erfarenheter av kunskapsbehov / To be one step before or to lag behind : Elderly Family Caregivers’ experiences of Need for knowledgeJohansson, Mona January 2010 (has links)
I Sverige har antalet äldre ökat de senaste årtiondena. Ju äldre människor blir desto vanligare blir förekomsten av sjukdomar och funktionshinder. Vårdplatserna inom både slutenvård och särskilt boende har blivit färre och uppskattningsvis vårdas 250 000 personer i hemvård idag. Denna utveckling innebär att den närstående, som är anhörigvårdare i hemmet har en betydelsefull roll. Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva anhörigvårdarens erfarenheter av kunskapsbehov för att ge omsorg och vård till sin make/maka med långvarig sjukdom och/eller funktionshinder i hemmet. Studien baseras på intervjuer, som gjordes med anhörigvårdare dels genom en fokusgrupp med fyra deltagare, dels genom fyra individuella intervjuer, det vill säga sammanlagt åtta informanter. Intervjumaterialet har bearbetats med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Studien pågick under åren 2009-2010. I resultatet framkom fem huvudkategorier: Behov av kunskap om: sjukdomen och dess konsekvenser, hur man behärskar komplexa situationer, regelverk och stödfunktioner, praktisk personlig vård samt kunskap om anhörigvårdarens egen hälsa. Studien visar också vilka metoder anhörigvårdaren använder för att skaffa sig kunskap. Anhörigvårdaren efterfrågar framförallt individuell praktisk handledning samt kunskap som ger handlingsberedskap för att förstå behov av helhetsvård och hantera nya situationer. I diskussionen har jag valt att belysa vilken slags kunskap anhörigvårdaren behöver för att ge vård och omsorg till sin make/maka. Jag diskuterar även anhörigvårdarens syn på sin utsatthet och ensamhet, hur tillvaron kan hanteras samt vilka möjligheter till återhämtning som finns. / In Sweden the number of elderly people has continually increased during the last decades. The older the person grows the more frequent the rate of illness and functional disability. The number of beds in both hospital care and municipality care has been reduced and about 250 000 persons receive domestic care today. This means that relatives who are caregivers play an important role in today’s society. The aim of this study is to describe the caregiver’s experiences and the need for knowledge in order to give care at home to a spouse suffering from a long-term illness and/or a disability. Interviews with family caregivers were made partly through a focus group with four participants and partly through four individual interviews - in all eight informants. The interviews have been processed according to content analysis. The study was undertaken in the period 2009-2010. The result can be divided into five main categories. 1. Need for knowledge concerning the sick spouse’s illness and its consequences. 2. Need for knowledge in handling complicated situations. 3. Need for knowledge about regulations and care given by the municipality. 4. Need for knowledge in practical individual care. 5. Need for knowledge concerning the caregiver’s own health. The study also shows the methods used by the caregiver to acquire knowledge. Above all, the caregiver requests individual practical guidance and knowledge in order to understand and cope with new situations. In the discussion I have chosen to illustrate what kind of knowledge the caregiver needs in order to care for his/her spouse. I also discuss the caregiver’s view on his/her vulnerability and loneliness, how one can cope with one’s life situation and what possibilities there are for recovery.
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Power play in The Bell Jar and "The Yellow Wallpaper" : How power play is manifested towards the protagonists in The Bell Jar and "The Yellow Wallpaper"Vujovic, Ana January 2011 (has links)
Abstract This paper will attempt to analyze how similar forms of power play are manifested towards the protagonists in both The Bell Jar and “The Yellow Wallpaper”. The aim of the essay is to investigate how power play affects the protagonists’ relations with their caregivers and how it affects their treatments. Thus, the hypothesis is that it is the power play that prevents the protagonists in “The Yellow Wallpaper” and The Bell Jar from recovering from their mental illness, which is confirmed by my analysis. Therefore, the concept of power play will be used in the essay as an instrument of analysis. The hypothesis will be discussed from five main points: obstacles to recovery, caregivers’ role in recovery, patients’ response to treatment, the role of power play, and the negative impact which power play has on recovery. Keywords: Power play, mental illness, treatment, recovery, patient-caregiver relationship, Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Sylvia Plath, Reet Sjögren.
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The Impact of Informal Care and Caregiver Burden on Place of Death in Palliative Home CareBrink, Peter 25 September 2008 (has links)
BACKGROUND: Literature suggests that many palliative home care patients wish to die at home. This study investigated determinants of caregiver burden among palliative home care patients, with particular interest in its relationship with place-of-death. Previous research has examined how patient care, health conditions, and characteristics of informal support relate to caregiver burden or place of death in palliative home care. However, none of the existing literature has focused on the role of caregiver burden on place of death or congruency between the patients’ preferred vs. actual place of death. It seems likely that, in light of the high dependence on informal care during the last days of life, that caregiver burden plays a significant role in place of death. A number of factors may contribute to the incongruence between preferred versus actual place of death. For example, informal caregivers may lack the necessary skills and/or knowledge to provide adequate care to terminally ill loved ones. They may also be unable to cope with the type of care required by his or her loved one. Longitudinal studies indicating increasing home death rates among palliative home care patients. Research attributed the increased rate of home death to expanding home care programs rather than improving home care services. The goal of this study was to provide home care agencies the means to increase rates of home death among home care patients who wish to die at home by better directing existing types of services to lessen caregiver burden and improving congruency between preferred versus actual place-of-death.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the research was four fold. First, it validated the caregiver burden items in the interRAI Palliative Care (interRAI PC) with self-report caregiver scales. The second section examined the determinants of caregiver burden. The third section examined the determinants of place of death and congruency between preferred vs. actual place-of-death. The final section examined the role of caregiver burden and place-of-death.
METHODS: This was a prospective cross-sectional study that employed the Caregiver Burden Scale, the Burden Inventory, and the interRAI PC tool. The sample included all palliative home care patients and their caregivers who received formal care from one Ontario community care access centre. Health information was collected by case managers during regular assessment intervals.
RESULTS: The three interRAI PC items measuring caregiver burden are an adequate measure of subjective stress burden. The sum of these items can be used to construct a caregiver burden scale. Determinants of caregiver burden were limited to unstable health and higher levels of self-reported depression, anxiety, and anhedonia. Patients who preferred to die at home were more likely to suffer IADL impairment, but not ADL impairment, and they were more likely to have completed a do-not-hospitalize order or do-not-resuscitate order. Patients whose caregiver was not a spouse or child relative were less likely to prefer home death. Further analyses showed a high level of agreement between preferred versus actual place of death. Overall, 57% of patients died at home, 68% of those patients who wished to die at home had managed to do so. Determinants that increased the likelihood of home death included completion of a do-not-hospitalize order, preference to die at home, and excessive sleep. However, the presence of a caregiver who was unable to continue providing care decreased the likelihood of home death.
CONCLUSION: The purpose of this study was to examine the role of caregiver burden in place of death among recipients of palliative home care. Studies such as this are important to the patients, caregivers, and the agencies that provide home care. Results of this study confirm many of the determinants of home death reported by earlier research. It is unique in that it identifies the caregiver’s ability to continue providing care as an important determinant of home death. These results support that notion that the needs of the caregiver should also be examined when determining the needs of the patient and that the patient and caregiver should be considered a unit of care. It also illustrates the important role of advanced directives, more specifically do-not-hospitalize orders, among patients receiving palliative home care.
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