Cette thèse introduit et étudie une nouvelle classe de schémas de Boltzmann sur réseau appelés schémas à vitesse relative. Les schémas de Boltzmann sur réseau visent à approcher des problèmes de nature macroscopique en mimant la dynamique microscopique d’équations cinétiques du type Boltzmann. L’algorithme calcule des distributions de particules évoluant au travers de deux phases de transport et de relaxation, les particules se déplaçant en les noeuds d’un réseau cartésien en espace. Les schémas de Boltzmann à plusieurs temps de relaxation (ou schéma MRT de d’Humières), dont la relaxation im- plique un ensemble de moments combinaison linéaire polynomiale des distributions, constituent le cadre initial de la thèse. Les schémas à vitesse relative sont une extension de ces schémas de d’Humières. Ils sont inspirés du schéma cascade de Geier apportant davantage de stabilité que les schémas de d’Hu- mières pour des régimes peu visqueux des équations de Navier-Stokes. La différence avec ces schémas se situe au niveau de la relaxation : elle utilise un ensemble de moments relatifs à un paramètre champ de vitesse fonction du temps et de l’espace. Cette différence se matérialise par une matrice de tran- sition des moments fixes (les schémas de d’Humières correspondent à un paramètre champ de vitesse nul) aux moments mobiles. La structure algébrique de cette matrice est étudiée. Le schéma cascade est ensuite traduit comme un schéma à vitesse relative pour un nouvel ensemble de polynômes définissant les moments. L’étude de la consistance des schémas à vitesse relative par la méthode des équations équivalentes est un point central de la thèse. Les équations limites pour un nombre arbitraire de dimen- sions et de vitesses sont dérivées et illustrées sur des exemples tels que le D2Q9 pour les équations de Navier-Stokes. Ces équations équivalentes sont également un outil pour prédire la stabilité des schémas grâce à l’analyse des termes de diffusion et dispersion. La dernière partie traite de la stabilité suivant le choix du paramètre champ de vitesse. Nous sommes particulièrement intéressés en les deux choix de paramètre nul (d’Humières) et la vitesse du fluide (cascade). Le schéma D2Q9 pour les équations de Navier-Stokes est étudié numériquement par une méthode de Von Neumann puis appuyé sur des cas tests non linéaires. La stabilité des schémas relatifs à la vitesse du fluide est dépendante du choix des polynômes définissant les moments. L’amélioration la plus notable se produit si les polynômes du schéma cascade sont choisis. Nous étudions enfin les stabilités théorique et numérique d’un schéma bidimensionnel minimal. Le contexte physique est la simulation d’une équation d’advection diffusion linéaire. Le choix de la vitesse d’advection comme paramètre champ de vitesse annule certains termes de dispersion des équations équivalentes contrairement aux schémas de d’Humières. Ceci se traduit par un meilleur comportement en termes de stabilité pour de grandes vitesses, appuyé théoriquement à l’aide d’une notion de stabilité à poids. / In this PhD thesis, a new class of lattice Boltzmann schemes called relative velocity schemes is introduced and studied. The purpose of lattice Boltzmann schemes is to approximate problems of macroscopic nature using the microscopic dynamic of Boltzmann type kinetic equations. They compute particle distributions through two phases of transport and relaxation, the particles moving on the nodes of a cartesian lattice. The multiple relaxation times schemes---MRT of d'Humières---, whose relaxation uses a set of moments, linear combinations of the particle distributions, constitutes the initial framework of the thesis. The relative velocity schemes extend the MRT d'Humières schemes. They originate from the cascaded automaton of Geier which provides more stability for the low viscosity regime of the Navier-Stokes equations. Their difference with the d'Humières schemes is carried by the relaxation : a set of moments relative to a velocity field parameter function of space and time is used. This difference is represented by a shifting matrix sending the fixed moments---The d'Humières schemes are associated with a zero velocity field parameter---On the relative moments. The algebraic structure of this matrix is studied. The cascaded automaton is then interpreted as a relative velocity scheme for a new set of polynomials defining the moments. The consistency study of the relative velocity schemes with the equivalent equations method is a keypoint of the thesis. These equations are derived for an arbitrary number of dimensions and velocities. They are then illustrated on examples like the D2Q9 scheme for the Navier-Stokes equations. These equivalent equations are also a tool to predict the stability behaviour of the schemes by analysing their diffusion and dispersion terms. In a last part, the stability according to the velocity field parameter is studied. Two cases especially interest us : a parameter equal to zero---D'Humières schemes---And equal to the fluid velocity---Cascaded automaton. The D2Q9 scheme for the Navier-Stokes equations is numerically studied with a linear Von Neumann analysis and some non linear test cases. The stability of the relative velocity schemes depends on the choice of the polynomials defining the moments. The most important improvement occurs if the polynomials of the cascaded automaton are chosen. We finally study the theoretical and numerical stability of a minimal bidimensional scheme for a linear advection diffusion equation. If the velocity field parameter is chosen equal to the advection velocity, some dispersion terms of the equivalent equations vanish unlike the d'Humières scheme. This implies a better stability behaviour for high velocities, characterized thanks to theoretical weighted stability notion.

This Master of Applied Science thesis proposes a new design of low power, power factor corrected (PFC), power supplies. By lifting the hold up time restriction for devices that have a battery built in, the energy storage elements of the converter can be reduced, permitting a small and inexpensive power converter to be built. In addition, a new control technique for controlling cascaded converters is presented, named duty mode control (DMC). Its advantages are shown through simulations. The system was proven using a prototype developed in the laboratory designed for a universal ac input voltage (85 - 265VRMS at 50 - 60Hz) and a 40W output at 12V. It consisted of two interleaved phases sensed and digitally controlled on the isolated side of the converter. The prototype was able to achieve a power factor of greater than 0.98 for all operating conditions, and input harmonic current distortion well below any set of standards.

This Master of Applied Science thesis proposes a new design of low power, power factor corrected (PFC), power supplies. By lifting the hold up time restriction for devices that have a battery built in, the energy storage elements of the converter can be reduced, permitting a small and inexpensive power converter to be built. In addition, a new control technique for controlling cascaded converters is presented, named duty mode control (DMC). Its advantages are shown through simulations. The system was proven using a prototype developed in the laboratory designed for a universal ac input voltage (85 - 265VRMS at 50 - 60Hz) and a 40W output at 12V. It consisted of two interleaved phases sensed and digitally controlled on the isolated side of the converter. The prototype was able to achieve a power factor of greater than 0.98 for all operating conditions, and input harmonic current distortion well below any set of standards.

Conventional 2-level inverters have been quite popular in industry for drives applications. It used pulse width modulation techniques to generate a voltage waveform with high quality. For achieving this, it had to switch at high frequencies and also the switching is between 0 and Vdc. Also additional LC filters are required before feeding to a motor. 3-phase IM is the work horse of the industry. Several speed control techniques have been established namely the V/f control technique and for high performance, vector control is adopted. An electric drive system comprises of a rectifier, inverter, a motor and a load. each module is a topic by itself. This thesis work discusses the novel inverter topologies to overcome the demerits of a conventional 2-level inverter or even the basic multilevel topologies, for an electric drive. The word ‘multilevel’ itself signifies that inverter can generate more than two levels. The idea was first originated by Nabae, Takahashi and Akagi to bring an additional voltage level so that the waveform becomes a quasi square wave. This additional voltage level brought additional benefits in terms of reduced dv/dt and requirement of low switching frequency. But this was not without any cost. The inverter structure is slightly more complicated than a 2-level and also required more devices. But the advantage it gave was superior enough to such an extent that the above topology (popularly known as NPC) has become quite popular in industry. This topology was later modified to equalize the semiconductor losses among switches by replacing the clamping diodes with controllable switches and such topologies are popularly known as Active NPCs (ANPCs) because of the replacement of diodes with active switches. 3-level flying capacitors were then introduced where the additional voltage level is provided using charged capacitors. But this capacitor voltage has to be maintained at its nominal value during the inverter operation. An additional floating capacitor, which is an electrolytic capacitor is needed for this. Increasing the number of electrolytic capacitors reduces the reliability of the inverter drive since they are the weakest link in any inverters and its count has to be kept to the minimum. By using a H-bridge cell in each of the three phases, three voltage levels can be easily obtained.This is commonly known as Cascaded H-bridge (CHB) multilevel inverter. The above three topologies have been discussed with respect to generation of three pole voltage levels and these topologies are quite suited also. A higher number of voltage levels will reduce the switching frequency even lesser and also the dv/dt. On increasing the number of levels further and further, finally the inverter need not do any PWM switching and just generating the levels is sufficient enough for a good quality waveform and also low dv/dt. But when the above topologies are scaled for more than three voltage levels, all of them suffer serious drawbacks which is briefly discussed below. The diode clamped inverter (known as NPC if it is 3-level), when extended to more than three levels suffers from the neutral point balancing issue and also the count of clamping diodes increase drastically. FC inverters, when extended beyond 3-level, the number of electrolytic capacitors increases and also balancing of these capacitors to their nominal voltages becomes complicated. In the case of multilevel CHB, when extended beyond 3-level, the requirement of isolated DC sources also increases. To generate isolated supplies, phase shifting transformer and 8, 12 or 24 pulse diode rectifier is needed which increases the weight , size and cost of the drive. Therefore its application is limited. In this thesis, the aim is to develop a novel method to develop a multilevel inverter without the drawbacks faced by the basic multilevel topologies when scaled for higher number of voltage levels. This is done through stacking the basic or hybrid combination of these basic multilevel topologies through selector switches. This method is experimentally verified by stacking two 5-level inverters through a 2-level selector switch (whose switching losses can be minimized through soft cycle commutation). This will generate nine levels.Generating 9-levels through scaling the basic topologies is disadvantageous, the comparison table is provided in the thesis. This is true for any higher voltage level generation. Each of the above 5-level inverter is developed through cascading an FC with a capacitor fed H-bridge. The device count can be reduced by making the FC-CHB module common to the selector switches by shifting the selector switches between the DC link and the common FC-CHB module. Doing so, reduces the modular feature of the drive but the device count can be reduced. The FFT plot at different frequencies of operation and the switching losses of the different modules-FC, CHB and the selector switches are also plotted for different frequencies of operation. The next step is to check whether this method can be extended to any number of stackings for generation of more voltage levels. For this, a 49-level inverter is developed in laboratory by stacking three 17-level inverters. Each of the 17-level inverter is developed by cascading an FC with three CHBs. When there are 49 levels in the pole voltage waveform, there is no need to do any regular PWM since the output waveform will be very close to a sine wave even without any PWM switching. The technique used is commonly known in literature as Nearest Level Control (NLC). This method of stacking and cascading has the advantage that the FC and the CHB modules now are of very low voltages and the switching losses can be reduced. The switching losses of the different modules are calculated and plotted for different operating frequencies in the thesis. To reduce the voltages of the modules further, a 6-phase machine has been reconfigured as a 3-phase machine, the advantage being that now the DC link voltage requirement is half of that needed earlier for the same power. This further reduces voltages of the modules by half and this allows the switches to be replaced with MOSFETs, improving the efficiency of the drive. This topology is also experimentally verified for both steady state and transient conditions. So far the research focussed on a 3-phase IM fed through a stacked MLI. It can be observed that a stacked MLI needs as many DC sources as the number of stackings. A 6-phase machine apart from reduced DC link voltage requirement, has other advantages of better fault tolerant capability and better space harmonics. They are serious contenders for applications like ship propulsion, locomotive traction, electric vehicles, more electric aircraft and other high power industrial applications. Using the unique property of a 6-phase machine that its opposite windings always draw equal and opposite current, the neutral point (NP) (formed as a result of stacking two MLIs) voltage can be balanced. It was observed that the net mid point current drawn from the mid point can be made zero in a switching interval. It was later observed that with minimal changes, the mid point current drawn from the NP can be made instantaneously zero and the NP voltage deviation is completely arrested and the topology needs only very low capacity series connected capacitors energized from a single DC link. This topology is also experimentally verified using the stacked 9-level inverter topology discussed above but now for 6-phase application and experimental results are provided in the thesis. Single DC link enables direct back to back conversion and power can be fed back to the mains at any desired power factor. All the experimental verification is done on a DSP (TMS320F28335) and FPGA (Spartan 3 XCS3200) platform. An IM is run using V/f control scheme and the above inverter topologies are used to drive the motor. The IGBTs used are SKM75GB123D for the stacked 9-level inverter in the 3-phase and 6-phase experiments. For the 49-level inverter experiment, MOSFETs-IRF260N were used. Both steady state and transient results ensure that the proposed inverter topologies are suitable for high power applications.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This Thesis proposes a Space Vector Modulation for cascaded miltilevel converters with asymmetric cells under normal conditions and with faults in the power cells, avoiding converter saturation as much as possible. The switching state vectors and the voltage references are represented in the output line-to-line voltages coordinate system. Under this representation, the switching state vectors have only integer entries, easing the implementation of the proposed algorithm. The modulation is developed in a way such as to guarantee that the higher voltage cells switch at low frequency by the choice of only one vector per switching period, minimizing the switching losses. For the lower voltage cells (1pu), that switch with PWM, three algorithms were developed for defining the switching sequences: (i) offline, (ii) online and (iii) hybrid, where a carrier-based geometrical modulation and the SV are mixed in a simple and unified approach. The algorithm is described in a generic way, for converters with any number of levels, and then, simulation and experimental results are shown for, respectively, cascaded miltilevel converters with asymmetric cells with DC bus voltages ratio of 1:2:4pu and 1:2pu. The algorithm does not use conventional separation lines to find where the multiple references for the power cells are located inside the SV diagram. It also avoids converter saturation and, when it is unavoidable, detects its occurrence and changes the operation mode to overmodulation. This one is treated as a modification of the orignal algorithm, allowing the converter to operate with a wider range of modulation indexes and fault conditions. It is shown that two overmodulation modes can occur: in the first, there is still an area inside the SV diagram where overmodulation is avoided, and, in the second, the converter overmodulates during almost all the time. Modulation strategies are proposed for both cases, including the insertion of a bandpass filter in the second case, so as to minimize the distortions and unbalances that arise on the converter output line-to-line voltages during this operation mode. For the overmodulation, simulation and experimental results are also shown for cascaded miltilevel converters with asymmetric cells with DC bus voltages ratio of 1:2:4pu and 1:2pu. Finally, the final conclusions are drawn and future works are proposed. / Esta Tese propõe uma estratégia de modulação Space Vector (SV) para conversores multiníveis com células assimétricas em cascata durante operação normal e com faltas nas células de potência, garantindo a não ocorrência de saturação do conversor sempre que esta não for desejada, especialmente durante faltas. Os vetores de comutação e as referências de tensão são representados no sistema de coordenadas das tensões de linha de saída. Desta forma, os vetores de comutação apresentam apenas coordenadas inteiras, facilitando a implementação do algoritmo proposto. A modulação é desenvolvida de forma a garantir que as células de maior tensão comutem em baixa frequência, pela escolha de apenas um vetor por período de comutação, minimizando as perdas de comutação do conversor. Para as células de menor tensão (1pu), que comutam com PWM, foram desenvolvidos três algoritmos para definição das sequências de comutação: definição (i) offline, (ii) online e (iii) híbrida, onde as modulações geométrica com portadora e SV são mescladas em uma abordagem única e simplificada. O algoritmo SV é descrito de maneira genérica, para conversores com qualquer número de níveis, e, na sequência, são apresentados resultados de simulação e experimentais para, respectivamente, conversores multiníveis com células assimétricas em cascata com razão das tensões dos barramentos CC de 1:2:4pu e 1:2pu. Este algoritmo não faz uso de retas de separação convencionais para encontrar os domínios onde as múltiplas referências para as células de potência se encontram dentro do diagrama SV. Também evita ao máximo a saturação do conversor, e, quando esta é inevitável, detecta sua ocorrência e muda o modo de operação para sobremodulação. Esta é tratada por meio de modificações no algoritmo original, permitindo a operação do conversor com um maior número de índices de modulação e condições de falta. É mostrado que existem dois casos de sobremodulação durante faltas nas células de potência: no primeiro, ainda há uma área no interior do diagrama SV onde a sobremodulação é evitada, e, no segundo, o conversor sobremodula durante praticamente todo o tempo. São propostas estratégias de modulação para ambos os casos, incluindo a inserção de um filtro passa-faixa no segundo, para minimizar as distorções e os desequilíbrios que surgem nas tensões de linha de saída do conversor, quando este se encontra neste modo de operação. Para a sobremodulação, também são apresentados resultados de simulação e experimentais para os conversores multiníveis com células assimétricas em cascata com razão das tensões dos barramentos CC de 1:2:4pu e 1:2pu. Por fim, as conclusões finais são apresentadas e são propostos trabalhos futuros.

Silicon photonics as a one of the most promising photonic integration technologies has attracted many attentions in recent years. The major feature of this technology is its compatibility with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) processes which makes it possible to integrate optical and electronic devices in a same chip and reduce the cost significantly. Another reason of using silicon photonics is the high index contrast between the silicon core and silicon dioxide cladding which ensures the high density integration of photonic devices on a single chip. Monolithic integration with electronic and optical circuits makes silicon photonics technology suitable for numerous applications. One example is microwave photonics (MWP). MWP is an area that studies the interaction between microwave and optical signal for the generation, processing, control and distribution of microwave signals by means of photonics. Silicon photonics offers a reduction in footprint, losses, packaging cost and power dissipation in MWP systems. This research in this thesis is focused on the design and fabrication of the silicon photonic devices for MWP signal processing and generation. Four MWP systems based on silicon photonic devices are proposed and experimentally demonstrated. 1) A single pass-band frequency-tunable MWP filter based on phase-modulation to intensity-modulation conversion in an optically pumped silicon-on-insulator (SOI) microring resonator (MRR) is designed and experimentally demonstrated. In the proposed filter, a phase-modulated optical signal is filtered by the SOI MRR, to have one first-order sideband suppressed by the MRR notch. The phase-modulated optical signal is converted to an intensity-modulated single-sideband (SSB) signal and detected at a photodetector (PD). The entire operation is equivalent to a single pass-band filter. The frequency tunability is achieved by tuning the resonance wavelength of the MRR, which is realized by optically pumping the MRR. A single pass-band MWP filter with a tunable center frequency from 16 to 23 GHz is experimentally demonstrated. 2) A broadband optically tunable MWP phase shifter with a tunable phase shift using three cascaded SOI MRRs that are optically pumped is designed and experimentally demonstrated. A microwave signal to be phase shifted is applied to an optical single-sideband (OSSB) modulator to generate an optical carrier and an optical sideband. The phase shift is introduced to the optical carrier by placing the optical carrier within the bandwidth of one resonance of the three cascaded MRRs. The experimental results show that by optically pumping the cascaded MRRs, a broadband MWP phase shifter with a bandwidth of 7 GHz with a tunable phase shift covering the entire 360o phase shift range is achieved. 3) A multi tap MWP filter with positive and negative coefficients using a silicon ring resonator modulator (RRM) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The RRM is designed and fabricated to operate based on the carrier depletion effect. The positive and negative coefficients are obtained by using opposite slopes of the modulation transmission response of the RRM. Two filter responses with two and three taps are experimentally demonstrated, showing the proof-of-principle for frequencies up to 18 GHz. 4) An approach to generate microwave signal based on enhanced four wave mixing (FWM) in an active silicon waveguide (SiWG) is studied. This SiWG is designed and fabricated, and the use of the active SiWG for MWP frequency multiplication to generate a frequency-sextupled millimeter-wave signal is experimentally demonstrated. Thanks to a reverse-biased p-n junction across the SiWG, the conversion efficiency of the FWM is improved, which leads to the improvement of the microwave frequency multiplication efficiency.

Focus of this master's thesis is a study of modern techniques in computer graphics and designing and developing custom application based on which could be developed new game engine. In this thesis are highlighted techniques for creating large terrains, advanced shadows, physically based sky rendering and drawing large set of objects. Finally, performance testing of these modules is performed.

Wave energy is a promising renewable resource with a higher energy density than both wind and solar. Waves can travel thousands of kilometers with minimal energy loss, making them more reliable than the previously mentioned alternatives. A device that utilizes wave energy to generate electricity is calleda Wave Energy Converter. The converter studied in this thesis is a non-resonant point absorber, a floating device that absorbs energy through its displacement in the water. An incident wave approaching the converter combined with a latching strategy transforms the wave into a water jet, which emerges as a pulse wave and varies from zero to maximum velocity. The kinetic energy of the water jet gets converted to electricity through a Pelton turbine and a permanent magnet synchronous motor that acts as a generator. The thesis investigates three generator velocity control strategies and two deadtime strategies and aims to answer which strategy yields the best efficiency for the selected wave fields. The strategies strive to maximize the efficiency of the Pelton turbine while minimizing the frictional and electrical losses. The first velocity control approach relies on historical data and computes the average based on the previous wavefield. The second approach maintains a predetermined turbine velocity based on the average jet velocity of each incident wave. Lastly, the third strategy continuously adapts the speed during each jet pulse to maximize the Pelton turbine efficiency. The dead-time strategies refer to the approaches employed between waves. The first approach maintainsa constant generator velocity, reducing the necessary acceleration to match the next incident wave. The second approach freewheels the generator, allowing it to decelerate due to friction losses. During the deceleration, the generator draws no current, but as the next wave arrives it must instead accelerate. Consequently, drawing more current but during a shorter period. The results reveal that there is no significant difference between the two deadtime strategies, but there is a significant difference between the velocity control strategies. Furthermore, the results illustrate the effectiveness of the local averaging method and the adaptive control method, which result in the highest system efficiency. / Vågenergi är en lovande energiresurs som har högre energidensitet än både vind- och solkraft. Vågor kan färdas tusentals kilometer med minimal energiförlust,vilket gör dem mer tillförlitliga än de tidigare nämnda alternativen. En anordning som kan nyttja vågors energi för att generera elektricitet kallas för vågenergiomvandlare. Omvandlaren som studerats i detta arbete är en icke-resonant punktabsorbent,vilket är en flytande anordning som absorberar energi genom dess förflyttning i vattnet. När en kommande våg närmar sig omvandlaren transformeras vågen till en vattenstråle, som framträder som en pulsvåg och varierar mellan noll och maxhastighet, via en styrstrategi vid namn ”latching”. Den kinetiska energin från vattenstrålen omvandlas till elektrisk energi via en Peltonturbin och en synkronmotor som agerar som generator. Det här arbetet undersöker tre hastighetsstyrstrategier samt två mellantidsstrategier för generatorn, och ämnar besvara vilken som är den mest effektiva strategin för en uppsättning vågor. Målet med dessa strategier är att maximera effektiviteten hos Peltonturbinen medan friktions- samt elektriska förluster minimeras. Den första hastighetsstyrstrategin håller en konstant hastighetbaserad på ett medelvärde från ett tidigare vågfält. Den andra strategin hålleren konstant hastighet, vilken anpassas till varje inkommande våg. Den tredje strategin anpassar hastigheten kontinuerligt under pulsvågen för att maximera turbineffektiviteten. Med mellantidsstrategierna menas de styrstrategier som nyttjas mellan vattenpulserna. I den första mellantidsstrategin körs generatorn som motor och håller konstant hastighet, vilket minskar de nödvändiga accelerationerna för att möta kommande vågs referenshastighet. Den andra strategin låter generatorn frihjula, vilket gör att hastigheten faller på grund av friktionsförluster. Under hastighetsminskningen drar generatorn ingen ström, men den måste då istället accelerera när kommande våg anländer. Detta innebär att generatorn kommer att dra mer ström, men under en kortare period. Resultaten avslöjade att det inte var någon signifikant skillnad mellan de två mellantidsstrategierna och att det var en signifikant skillnad mellan hastighetsstyrstrategierna. Resultatet visade att de två metoderna med variabel hastighet gav högre systemeffektivitet än metoden med konstant hastighet.

This thesis examines the optimal scheduling of a hydroelectric power plant with cascaded reservoirs each with multiple generating units under uncertainty after testing three linearization methods. These linearization methods are Successive Linear Programming, Piecewise Linear Approximations, and a Hybrid of the two together. There are two goals of this work. The first goal of this work aims to replace the nonconvex mixed-integer nonlinear program (MINLP) with a computationally efficient linearized mixed-integer linear program (MILP) that will be capable of finding a high quality solution, preferably the global optimum. The second goal is to implement a stochastic approach on the linearized method in a pseudo-rolling horizon method which keeps the ending time step fixed. Overall, the Hybrid method proved to be a viable replacement and performs well in the pseudo-rolling horizon tests. / Thesis / Master of Applied Science (MASc)

Hydropower is the world’s largest source of renewable electricity generation. Hydropower plants with reservoirs provide flexibility to the power systems. Efficient planning techniques improve the flexibility of the power systems and reduce carbon emissions, which is needed in power systems experiencing a rapid change in balance between power production and consumption. This is due to increasing amount of renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power. Hydropower plants have low operating costs and are used as base power. This thesis focuses on weekly planning of hydropower in systems with large volumes and varying power generation and a literature review and a maintenance scheduling method are presented. The topic of hydropower planning is well investigated and various research questions have been studied under many years in different countries. Some of the works are summarized and discussed in literature reviews, which are presented in this thesis. First, some reviews are presented, which covers several aspects of hydropower planning. Literature reviews for long term, mid term and short term planning, respectively, are described. Maintenance scheduling in power systems consists of preventive and corrective maintenance. Preventive maintenance is performed at predetermined intervals according to a prescribed criteria. This type of maintenance is important for power producers to avoid loss in electricity production and loss in income. The maintenance scheduling for hydropower plants prevent these phenomena since spill in the reservoirs and wear on the turbines can be avoided. Usually, the maintenance in hydropower plants is performed on the turbines or at the reservoir intake. A deterministic and a stochastic method to solve a mid term maintenance scheduling problem formulated as a Mixed Integer Linear Programming using dynamic programming is presented. The deterministic method works well in terms of computational time and accuracy. The stochastic method compared to the deterministic method yields a slightly better result at the cost of a need for larger computational resources. / Vattenkraft är världens största källa till förnyelsebar elproduktion. Vattenkraftverk med magasin erbjuder flexibilitet till elkraftsystem. Effektiva planeringsmetoder förbättrar flexibiliteten hos kraftsystemen och minskar koldioxidutsläppen, vilket är nödvändigt i kraftsystem som utsätts för snabb förändring med obalans mellan produktion och konsumtion av effekt. Detta beror på ökad andel förnyelsebara energikällor, som vind- och solkraft, i kraftsystemen. Vattenkraftverk har låga driftkostnader och används som baskraft. Den här avhandlingen fokuserar på veckoplanering av vattenkraft i kraftsystem med stora volymer och varierande kraftproduktion, samt en litteraturstudie och en metod för underhållsplanering presenteras.    Ämnet vattenkraftplanering är väl undersökt och varierande forskningsfrågor har studerats under många år i olika länder. En del av arbetena sammanfattas och diskuteras i litteraturstudier, vilka presenteras i den här avhandlingen. Först presenteras några litteraturstudier, som täcker flera aspekter av vattenkraftplanering. Litteraturstudier, för långtids-, medeltidsplanering, respektive korttidsplanering beskrivs.    Underhållsplanering i elkraftsystem består av förebyggande och korrigerande underhåll. Förebyggande underhåll utförs vid förutbestämda intervall enligt förbestämda kriterier. Denna typ av underhåll är viktig för att kraftproducenter ska kunna undvika förlorad elproduktion och förlorad inkomst. Underhållsplaneringen för vattenkraftverk förebygger dessa fenomen, eftersom spill i magasinen och slitage på turbinerna kan undvikas. Vanligen utförs underhållen i vattenkraftverken på turbinerna eller vid intaget i magasinet. En deterministisk metod och en stokastisk metod att lösa ett medeltidsplaneringsproblem, formulerat som ett blandat heltalsprogrammeringsproblem presenteras. Den deterministiska metoden fungerar väl i termer av beräkningstid och noggrannhet. Den stokastiska metoden jämfört med den deterministiska metoden ger ett något bättre resultat dock till priset av ett behov av större datorresurser. / <p>QC 20220920</p>