This dissertation intends to describe how small Swedish companies experience the handling of financing in China. Which include describing how small Swedish companies have chosen to finance their establishment, and whether Myers Pecking order theory is applicable. Further more, to show the inquired companies attitude towards external equity, and if any problems are experienced, connected to reaching long-term external finance. The specifikation of the problem for this dissertation is, How do small Swedish companies established in China experience the handling of financing? And to answer the specification of the problem a quantitative approach has been used. The data was gathered through a survey sent out to a number of small Swedish companies established in China. The definition of small Swedish companies has been set to less than 100 employees, and furthermore, established in China under any of the entry modes WFOE, FICE, Joint Venture or Rep/Sales Office. The over all conclusions for this dissertation, are that internal finance is preferred, and in general is the use of external finance insignificant among small Swedish companies established in China. What can be concluded from this is that Myers Pecking order theory is applicable. Further more, there are strong indications that the inquired companies do not experience any financial gap, or in general any imminent problems surrounding reaching external finance. Important to add to the conclusion is that just because there are no imminent problems, does this not signify that companies do not experience any problems at all reaching external finance.

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Aim: The research project discusses foreign direct investment as well as the attractiveness of the region of Gävleborg within this context. The researchers attempt to investigate why foreign direct investment is not yet common within the aforementioned region. Moreover, the aims of the master thesis are evaluating the region of Gävleborg and current strategies of enticing foreign investments, as well as detecting roadblocks that hinder the establishment. Lastly, generating an outline of how to improve foreign investment attraction ought to be investigated. Results & Conclusion: Gävleborg has a good infrastructure and accessibility, and is characterised by lower labour and living costs compared to other Swedish regions. Nonetheless, the number of inward investment is quite low. Main reasons for that are the lower level of education, high labour costs for low skilled jobs, missing financial incentives and a non-continuous work to attract inward investment. Therefore, the region may work on its attractiveness by increasing its awareness through attending trade fairs, and by collaborating with established companies and their partners.

Personalo atranka – tai planingas individo paskyrimas į darbo vietą. Personalo atrankos procesas leidžia surinkti reikiamą informaciją apie kandidatą ir apie jo galimą įtaką organizacijai. Darbo objektas – personalo atrankos metodai. Darbo tikslas – ištirti personalo atrankos metodų taikomų vykdant personalo atranką tarptautinėse įmonėse ypatumus. Darbo struktūra: Darbą sudaro įvadas, 3 dalys ir išvados. Pagrindinė darbo medžiaga aprašyta 8 – 48 puslapiuose, įskaitant 6 lenteles ir 23 paveikslus. Taip pat pateikiami 3 priedai. Panaudotos literatūros sąrašą sudaro 44 šaltiniai. Atrankos procesas turėtų apimti abipusį sprendimą: organizacija sprendžia, siūlyti darbą ar ne ir kaip maloniai tai daryti, o kandidatas į darbuotojus sprendžia, atitinka ar ne organizacija ir siūlomas darbas jo poreikius ir tikslus. Šiame darbe išskiriamos trys pagrindinės dalys. Pirmoje dalyje („Personalo atrankos organizacijose teoriniai aspektai“) siekiama atskleisti teorinius personalo atrankos aspektus. Išskirti pagrindiniai personalo atrankos etapai bei aptartos dažniausiai pasitaikančios personalo atrankos klaidos. Personalo atranką savo darbuose nagrinėjo R. Adamonienė, A. Sakalas, V. Šilingienė, N. Anderson, M. Born, N. Cunningham-Snell, P.A. Iles ir kt. Antroje dalyje („Personalo atrankos organizacijose empirinis ištyrimo lygis“) apžvelgiama kokie tyrimai personalo atrankos srityje jau yra atlikti, taip pat aptarta dabartinė situacija Lietuvoje. Efektyvią personalo atranką savo darbuose... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Personnel selection – is planed setting new individual to work place. The process of personnel selection allows getting all information about the candidate and about the influence which he can give to the organization. The object of master paper is methods of personnel selection. The purpose is to make a research of methods which are used in personnel selection ant to create the model of personnel selection. The structure of master paper: Master paper puts of introduction, 3 parts and conclusion. The main material is put in paged No. 8-42 including 6 tables and 23 figures. Also there are 3 additions. There are 45 sources in the list of used literature The process of selection takes both side decisions: organization makes decision whether to propose job place and how attractive it should it should do it; candidate makes decision whether the organization and job proposal satisfy his needs and proposes. There are three basic parts in this master paper. The first part of the paper is analysis of theoretical aspects. In this part are separated the most important stages in personnel selection. Also there are discussed the most frequent mistakes of personnel selection. In the second part of master paper are presented works of other scientist and the researchers they made. Also there are some facts about situation in Lithuania. In the fiord part of master paper are placed the analyses of the research which was made in international companies of Lithuanian market. The research was... [to full text]

Pastaruoju metu naujai įregistruojamų įmonių skaičius Lietuvoje didėja. Didėjant naujų įmonių skaičiui, efektyvus organizavimas ir valdymas tampa svarbiu konkurenciniu ūkio subjekto pranašumu rinkoje, todėl įmonių organizavimo ir valdymo tobulinimo galimybių tyrimai yra labai aktualūs. Darbo objektas yra naujai kuriamos įmonės organizavimas ir valdymas. Pagrindinis darbo tikslas – įvertinti naujai kuriamos įmonės organizavimo problemas ir apibrėžti valdymo tobulinimo kryptis UAB “Telenas“ atveju. Darbo tikslas ir jam įgyvendinti numatyti uždaviniai suponuoja ir atitinkamą darbo struktūrą: pirmoje darbo dalyje analizuojami teoriniai naujų įmonių valdymo ir organizavimo pagrindai; antrajame darbo skyriuje įvertinamos esminės UAB „Telenas“ valdymo ir organizavimo problemos; trečiasis darbo skyrius skirtas UAB „Telenas“ valdymo ir organizavimo tobulinimo krypčių formulavimui. Rašant darbą pagrindinis dėmesys buvo skirtas literatūros rinkimui bei jos analizei ir gautų rezultatų panaudojimas teoriniams ir praktiniams sprendimams. Teoriniams sprendimams panaudota literatūra lietuvių, anglų bei rusų kalbomis. / Nowadays the quantity of recently established companies is becoming larger in Lithuania. As the number of not long ago established companies is becoming larger, efficient management and organizing becomes an important competetive advantage in the market and due to this, the surveys of organizing and management development are very important. The object of this work is organizing and management of recently established company. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the primary problems of recently established company and to identify primary development trends. The puropse and tasks of this paper have supposed the relevant structure of this work: initially, in the first chapter the reader is primed about the theoretical aspects of organizing and management peculiarities, problems and trends; after then practical aspect of the problem are analyzed (“Telenas” company case); the third chapter is up for formulating trends for developing organizing and management in “Telenas” company. While preparing this paper the primary attention was up for searching and analysis of the literature in order to apply the results for theoretical and practical presumptions. Scientifical literature in lithuanian, english and russian was used for preparing master thesis.

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XXI amžiuje vis daugiau žmonių naudojasi internetu. Nuo 2004 metų naudojimasis internetu moterų tarpe išaugo 80 procentų, tuo tarpu vyrų - 60 procentų . Esant tokiai tendencijai vis daugiau įmonių renkasi komunikaciją su savo vartotojais socialinėse medijose. Ne išimtis ir lažybų bendrovės. Socialiniai tinklai yra nemokama erdvė, kurioje bet kas gali susikurti savo paskyrą ir tapti matomas. Įvairiomis socialinėmis medijomis (socialiniais tinklais, tinklaraščiais, forumais ir kt.) naudojasi šimtai milijonų pasaulio gyventojų. Todėl tai tapo reikšminga terpe bet kokiai įmonei norint pasiekti savo esamus ar potencialius vartotojus. Darbo objektas - lažybų bendrovių komunikacija socialinėse medijose, o tikslas - išanalizuoti ir įvertinti lažybų bendrovių komunikacijos specifiką socialinėse medijose su esamais ir potencialiais klientais. Tam, kad būtų įgyvendintas iškeltas tikslas, buvo nagrinėjama mokslinė literatūra, apžvelgianti lažybas bei tokio pobūdžio paslaugas siūlančias bendroves. Taip pat buvo apžvelgiamos socialinės medijos bei tai, kokią naudą jos teikia lažybų bendrovėms. Tyrimo metu buvo nagrinėjama lažybų bendrovių tikslinė auditorija – lažintis linkę asmenys. Buvo bandoma nustatyti, koks lošėjas atitiktų visą lošėjų socialinę grupę. Tam buvo pasitelkti keletas tyrimo metodų: darbe panaudoti tiek kiekybiniai, tiek kokybiniai metodai. Antrojoje tyrimo dalyje analizuojamos socialinės medijos bei tai, kaip jas išnaudoja lažybų bendrovės. Šioje dalyje buvo nustatyta... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Nowadays a lot more people use internet than ten or more years ago. Since 2004 the usage of internet among women increased by 80 percent and by 60 among men. Following this trend various organizations including gambling related companies decided to exploit social medias with the purpose of communication with its clients. Social networks are free of charge and it is the environment where everyone is able to create his/her profile and be visible to others. Millions of people use various social medias (social networks, blogs, forums and others). Consequently it became significant environment to any company trying to reach its existing and potential clients. The object of investigation of master thesis is the communication of gambling companies in social medias. Master thesis aims at analyzing and evaluating gambling companies communication particularity in social medias with its existing and potential clients. To achieve this aim scientific literature related to gambling and companies providing such service was analyzed. In addition social medias and its benefits to gambling companies were discussed. During the research target audience (gamblers) of gambling companies was investigated. The aim of this investigation was to determine the gambler that would reflect the whole social group of gamblers. To achieve this aim qualitative and quantitative research methods were applied. Social medias and the means of how gambling companies exploit them were analyzed in the second part... [to full text]

Darbe nagrinėjama darbuotojų profesinio tęstinio mokymo (si) galimybės, poreikis ir poveikis skirtingo tipo įmonėse. Tyrimo objektas – darbuotojų profesinis tęstinis mokymas (sis). Tikslas – atskleisti darbuotojų poreikį tęstiniam profesiniam mokymui(si) skirtingo tipo įmonėse. Tikslui atskleisti suformuluoti šie uždaviniai: 1. Išanalizuoti darbuotojų tęstinio profesinio mokymo teorinius ir metodologinius aspektus. 2. Išanalizuoti darbuotojų tęstinio profesinio mokymo(si) galimybes skirtingo tipo įmonėse. 3. Išnagrinėti darbuotojų tęstinio profesinio mokymo(si) poreikius skirtingo tipo įmonėse. 4. Atskleisti darbuotojų tęstinio profesinio mokymo(si) poveikį įmonei ir darbuotojams skirtingo tipo įmonėse. 5. Įvertinti taikomus darbuotojų profesinio tęstinio mokymo būdus ir formas. Darbe keltos šios hipotezės: 1. Užsienio ir lietuviško kapitalo įmonių darbuotojai turi skirtingus mokymosi poreikius: pirmosiose dėmesys kreipiamas į asmeninį tobulėjimą; antrosiose dominuoja profesinių žinių poreikis. 2. Skirtingo tipo įmonių darbuotojai naudingais laiko skirtingus profesinio tęstinio mokymo formas ir metodus: užsienio kapitalo įmonės išorinius mokymus; lietuviško kapitalo įmonės vidinius mokymus. 3. Užsienio kapitalo įmonėse darbuotojų profesinis tęstinis mokymas organizuojamas dažniau, nei lietuviško kapitalo įmonėse. Darbuotojų profesinio tęstinio mokymo (si) poreikiui skirtingo tipo įmonėse nustatyti buvo atliekamas pusiau struktūruotas interviu su įmonių vadovais ir įmonių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In the following thesis there are analyzed continuing professional education opportunities of staff, its needs and impact on different types of companies. The research object is based on continuing professional education of staff. The goal is to reveal the staff need for continuing professional education in different types of companies. In order to disclose the goal there have been formed the following tasks: 1. To analyze theoretical and methodological aspects in the continuing professional education of the staff. 2. To analyze the opportunities related to the continuing professional education of the staff in different types of companies. 3. To analyze the needs related to the continuing professional education of the staff in different types of companies. 4. To reveal the impact related to the continuing professional education of the staff in different types of companies. 5. To evaluate methods and techniques applied in the continuing professional education of the staff. There are provided the following hypotheses: 1. The staffs of foreign and Lithuanian capital companies have different learning needs: the first ones focus on personal development, in the second ones there is a need for professional awareness. 2. The staffs in different types of companies consider being valuable different forms and methods of continuing professional education: the foreign capital companies appreciate external trainings and Lithuanian capital companies prefer local or internal trainings. 3... [to full text]

With the judicial system worldwide investigating finance companies for misleading disclosures, deception has become a topical issue. However, deception is an area that has historically not been favoured in academia. The paper aims to determine whether disclosure practices of failed companies show more characteristics of deception than those of viable companies. The research will involve a mixture of qualitative and quantitative methodologies, including the use of content analysis and the software DICTION. An index of deception is constructed. The higher the deception score, the more deceptive the authors are deemed to be. This study tests this argument with respect to the prospectuses of a sample of failed and non-failed New Zealand finance companies.

Bakgrund: Miljöredovisningen är ett sätt för företagen att beskriva sitt miljöarbete. Den har fått allt större betydelse för företagen i takt med att miljöfrågorna blivit allt viktigare hos intressenter och allmänheten. Det gäller för företagen att visa att man tar ett miljö- och samhällsansvar för att skapa trovärdighet och förtroende i samhället.   Syfte:                                  Att ge läsaren en bild över hur och varför miljöredovisningen ser ut som den gör och vad företagen, som associeras med betydande miljöpåverkan, väljer att fokusera på i sina miljöredovisningar.  Metod:                               En kvalitativ studie som grundar sig i legitimitetsteorin och institutionell teori har utförts. Vi har undersökt litteratur, vetenskapliga artiklar, miljöredovisningar samt fört intervjuer med personer som har behörig kompetens.  Slutsats:                             Studien visar på hur viktig miljöredovisningen är för företagen som associeras med betydande miljöpåverkan. Företagen belyser det viktiga i att kunna vara transparent och visa intressenter och allmänheten att man tar miljöfrågor på största allvar. Studien visar även på hur yttre faktorer påverkar utformningen av miljöredovisningen så som förväntningar och institutionella tryck. Studien visar även på vad företagen fokuserar på i sina miljöredovisningar så som; energieffektivisering, minskning av utsläpp, miljökostnader, miljöinvesteringar, upprättandet av miljömål, miljöstrategier och miljöaktiviteter. / Background:                    The environmental reports are a way for companies to describe their environmental efforts. The environmental reports have become increasingly important for the companies, as the environmental issues have become a priority issue to the general population. Companies now have to show that they can take an environmental and social responsibility in order to build credibility and trust of the society.  Purpose:                            In order to give the reader a picture of how and why environmental reports looks like they do and what companies associated with a negative impact on the environment, chooses to focus on in their environmental reports.  Method:                             A qualitative study based on the legitimacy theory and the institutional theory is conducted in this thesis. A review and examination of literature, scientific articles, environmental reports and engaging interviews with people who have qualified skills in the subject was made.  Conclusion:                       This study demonstrates the importance of the environmental reports for the companies associated with significant environmental impacts. It highlights the importance of being transparent and demonstrates to stakeholders and the public the importance of taking environmental issues seriously. The study also shows how external factors like expectations and institutional pressures affects the general design of the environmental reports. The study also shows what companies are focusing on in their environmental reports such as; energy efficiency, emission reduction, environmental costs and the establishment of environmental goals and strategies.