Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-03-28T10:23:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Vitor Kleber Almeida Santos.pdf: 1728588 bytes, checksum: 81b24a8fc5c1f043668fc2185e578654 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-28T10:23:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vitor Kleber Almeida Santos.pdf: 1728588 bytes, checksum: 81b24a8fc5c1f043668fc2185e578654 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-17 / The objective of this paper is to investigate the nature and purpose of the positions in commission and the existence of constitutional limits applicable in the creation of these positions. The Federal Constitution of 1988 (article 37, II) establishes, as a rule, the obligation of prior approval in a public competition for investiture in public positions. However, at the same time, it excludes from this rule the appointment to positions in commission, which are those declared in a law of free appointment and dismissal, destined exclusively for the assignments of direction, leadership and advisory, and the law should reserve a percentage of these positions and career servers (Article 37, subsections II and V). This is an exception to the public procurement procedure and, as such, must comply with the exceptional circumstances laid down by the Constitution. However, many abuses are committed by setting up commission positions to serve personal and party interests, to the detriment of the public interest. In order to do so, positions in commission are created with labels of direction, leadership and advice, but with merely technical or bureaucratic attributions that do not depend on the bond of trust with the superior authority and also in excessive amounts and above the real needs of the Public Administration . Such facts have led the control bodies to act in an increasingly forceful way in the fight against these patrimonialist practices. The doctrine and jurisprudence have advanced in this matter, but there is still no clarity regarding the limits effectively imposed by the Federal Constitution for the creation of these positions, which is why we seek to understand these limits in order to contribute to the desired legal certainty in the matter and to the achievement of an increasingly efficient and democratic Public Administration / O objetivo do presente trabalho é investigar a natureza e finalidade dos cargos em comissão e a existência de limites constitucionais aplicáveis na criação desses cargos. A Constituição Federal de 1988 (artigo 37, II) estabelece, como regra, a obrigatoriedade da prévia aprovação em concurso público para investidura em cargos públicos. Porém, ao mesmo tempo, excetua dessa regra a nomeação para cargos em comissão, que são aqueles declarados em lei de livre nomeação e exoneração, destinados exclusivamente às atribuições de direção, chefia e assessoramento, devendo a lei reservar um percentual desses cargos a servidores de carreira (artigo 37, incisos II e V). Trata-se de uma exceção à regra do concurso público e, como tal, deve ater-se às situações excepcionais estabelecidas pela Constituição. Entretanto, muitos abusos são cometidos com a criação de cargos em comissão para atender interesses pessoais e partidários, em detrimento do interesse público. Para tanto, criam-se cargos em comissão com rótulos de direção, chefia e assessoramento, mas com atribuições meramente técnicas ou burocráticas que prescindem do vínculo de confiança com a autoridade superior e, ainda, em quantidades excessivas e superiores às reais necessidades da Administração Pública. Tais fatos tem levado os órgãos de controle a atuar de forma cada vez mais contundente no combate a essas práticas patrimonialistas. A doutrina e a jurisprudência têm avançado nessa matéria, mas ainda não há clareza a respeito dos limites efetivamente impostos pela Constituição Federal para criação desses cargos, razão pela qual busca-se, no presente trabalho, compreender esses limites com vistas a contribuir para a almejada segurança jurídica na matéria e para a consecução de uma Administração Pública cada vez mais eficiente e democrática

1 Basic principles of criminal proceedings and the right to a fair trial Abstract This dissertation deals with the basic principles of criminal proceedings from the point of view of the right to a fair trial. The basic principles of criminal proceedings are certain legal principles, the leading legal ideas underlying the criminal proceedings. They are a manifestation of a legal, political and legal philosophical approach to criminal proceedings. As a result, the basis on which the organization of criminal proceedings and the regulation of the activities of its bodies are built. They express the legislator's opinion on the most efficient organization of the criminal process. The meaning of the basic principles is mainly concentrated in their functions. The text of the thesis is divided into three major chapters, which are further divided into sub-capitals and sections. The second chapter is devoted to the conceptual definition of both the democratic state law and its attributes, the legal principle, and two basic models - the continental system and the adversary system. Then follows a chapter that deals in detail with the concept, meaning, functions and system of the fundamental principles of criminal proceedings. It also deals with exceptions to the basic principles, the classification, the nature of the...

This thesis deals with changes in the presidential office in Ireland during the presidency of Mary Robinson between 1990-1997. The presidential office holds very few powers and it has been always perceived more as ceremonial and symbolic function. Robinson had been very active during her reign since the beginning, thus breaking the precedence given by former presidents. The goal of this thesis is to define both, particular tools and mechanisms which Robinson had used to transform the nature of the office. Moreover, the thesis aims to examine whether Robinson stayed within the constitutional boundaries. My hypothesis states, that main tools which Robinson used to transform the presidency, are the different forms of activism. The first part the research focuses on the analysis of the constitutional development of presidential office as well as the powers of president listed in the constitution. Further, in the thesis, I focused on Robinson's activity not only during her presidency but also on the prior period as the presidential campaign or Robinson's professional career. This is important to define particular tools and mechanisms which Robinson used to change the presidency. The main findings of my thesis reveal the tools which Robinson used to transform the office - activism and symbolism. Both of...

1 Basic principles of criminal proceedings and the right to a fair trial Abstract This dissertation deals with the basic principles of criminal proceedings from the point of view of the right to a fair trial. The basic principles of criminal proceedings are certain legal principles, the leading legal ideas underlying the criminal proceedings. They are a manifestation of a legal, political and legal philosophical approach to criminal proceedings. As a result, the basis on which the organization of criminal proceedings and the regulation of the activities of its bodies are built. They express the legislator's opinion on the most efficient organization of the criminal process. The meaning of the basic principles is mainly concentrated in their functions. The text of the thesis is divided into three major chapters, which are further divided into sub-capitals and sections. The second chapter is devoted to the conceptual definition of both the democratic state law and its attributes, the legal principle, and two basic models - the continental system and the adversary system. Then follows a chapter that deals in detail with the concept, meaning, functions and system of the fundamental principles of criminal proceedings. It also deals with exceptions to the basic principles, the classification, the nature of the...

and key words ! Thesis: Constitutional limits of statutory regulation of the provision of health care ! Abstract ! The main goal of this thesis is to characterize and analyse the legal regulation concerning the provision and payment of health care under Czech law. This analysis is based mainly on the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms as the foundation for the constitutional perspective. The thesis therefore begins with the constitutional limits of the provision and payment of health care. The right to health care is provided by Article 31 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms, which is the basis for its constitutional provision. As the Charter is a complex document, Article 31 must therefore not be seen as isolated, which is why other Articles are taken under consideration. This provides a complex view of the right to health care in the Czech constitution. The thesis then focuses on the characterization of statutes and executive regulations, which provide the basic right to health care. This part of the thesis is focused mainly on the Public Health Insurance Act, as the most important statue in this area and also on executive regulations based on the Act, which imminently regulate the right to health care. Both of these parts of the thesis serve as a precise...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:30:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Michelle Marie Caldas Cruz.pdf: 1245921 bytes, checksum: c1b4066327d739e04e73222c687fa4fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-15 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The present work has the aim to study tributary sanctions in the light of the Federal Constitution, analyzing the limits of the punitive power of the State. Therefore, a doctrinal review was made about the juridical norms theories and the concept of sanction. Sanction, in its basic meaning, is considered a penalty. We defend the existence of a unique Punishment Law, based on constitutional principles and in the least intervention of criminal law. We work in the distinction between illicit tributary and tributary crime, between tributary fee and fee due to fiscal crime, pondering about the accumulation of penalties in the criminal and tributary law, showing the differences between insolvency and fiscal evasion. We also emphasize the question of the lack of a legal device that regulates indexation and its application through the Selic index / O presente trabalho se propõe a estudar as sanções tributárias sobre a ótica da Constituição Federal analisando os limites do poder punitivo estatal. Para tanto promovemos um exame doutrinário acerca das teorias da norma jurídica e do conceito de sanção. Consideramos a sanção, em sua acepção estrita, como penalidade. Defendemos a existência de um Direito Sancionador único pautado nos princípios constitucionais e na intervenção mínima do direito penal. Trabalhamos na distinção entre ilícito tributário e delito tributário, entre a multa tributária e a multa decorrente de delito fiscal, ponderando sobre a cumulação de penalidade nas esferas tributária e penal, diferenciando a inadimplência da sonegação fiscal. Enfatizamos ainda a questão da ausência de dispositivo legal que regule a correção monetária e a aplicação desta, através do índice Selic

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:34:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Guilherme Guimaraes Coam.pdf: 1212998 bytes, checksum: 00923316eb8e03504303c42cdc605f1e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-13 / Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie / The Federal Constitution, in the article 196, states that health is everyone s right and duty of the State . In recent years, the said Constitutional device has been analyzed in isolation, with total disregard for all other constitutional and legal provisions on the matter, including the rest of the article 196 of the precept itself. Thus, despise up all legal and constitutional limits for granting health benefits, adopting the understanding that any kind of provision in health should be granted to any citizen who seeks the judiciary, regardless of public policies, appropriations budget, or any legal limits. The Judicial Activism has been exacerbated with court decisions clearly go against the constitutional principles and the ordinary law. In this thesis, we intend to explore the concept of universal coverage in health, in an attempt to demonstrate that the Constitution allows the ordinary legislator and public administrator, to impose legal limits on health benefits that the state must pay. / A Constituição Federal, no início do artigo 196, estabelece que saúde é direito de todos e dever do Estado . Nos últimos anos, o referido dispositivo Constitucional vem sendo analisado de forma isolada, com total desprezo por todas as demais disposições constitucionais e legais referentes à matéria, inclusive o restante do próprio preceito do artigo 196. Com isso, desprezam-se todos os limites jurídico-constitucionais à concessão de prestações em saúde, com adoção do entendimento de que qualquer espécie de prestação em saúde deverá ser concedida a qualquer cidadão que procure o Poder Judiciário, independentemente de políticas públicas, de dotações orçamentárias ou de quaisquer limites jurídicos. O ativismo judicial vem sendo exacerbado, com decisões judiciais claramente contrárias a princípios constitucionais e à lei ordinária. Pretende-se, na presente dissertação, explorar o conceito de universalidade da cobertura em saúde, na tentativa de demonstrar que a Constituição Federal permite, ao legislador ordinário e ao administrador público, a imposição de limites jurídicos às prestações de saúde que o Estado deve custear.

Esta tese tem como objetivo investigar os limites constitucionais ao emprego de normas tributárias extrafiscais, contribuindo, de maneira original, com o desenvolvimento de métodos que possibilitem que estes instrumentos sejam controlados de modo mais preciso pelo Poder Judiciário. Para a consecução deste objetivo central, trabalhou-se a partir de quatro blocos de investigação. Primeiro, a pesquisa centrou-se em discutir a importância de segregação das normas tributárias entre fiscais e extrafiscais, analisando as diversas propostas de métodos para a separação entre estas. Ao final, a tese sugere que as normas tributárias extrafiscais devem ser identificadas a partir das suas finalidades, conforme venha a ser interpretado pelo aplicador da norma. Superada a questão, passa-se à investigação dos fundamentos constitucionais que legitimam o emprego das normas tributárias extrafiscais, quando se debate em que sentido normativo se pode falar em neutralidade tributária. Em um terceiro módulo de investigação, as normas tributárias extrafiscais são contrapostas às limitações constitucionais ao poder de tributar, ao conflito entre competência regulatória e competência tributária, ao conceito constitucional de tributo, bem como aos limites ínsitos às espécies tributárias previstas pela Constituição Federal. Por fim, apresenta-se um modelo de protocolo decisório que pode ser utilizado para fins de controlabilidade das normas tributárias extrafiscais pelo Poder Judiciário, colocando-se em destaque os princípios da igualdade e da proporcionalidade. / The main goal of this thesis is to investigate the constitutional limits on the use of non-fiscal purpose tax laws, contributing, with originality, to the development of methods that allow a more precise control of these instruments by the Judiciary Branch. To achieve such goal, the thesis was divided into four parts. The first part focuses in discussing the importance of segregation of tax laws in two groups: fiscal and non-fiscal, and analyzes the numerous methods proposed for such classification. The thesis suggests that non-fiscal purpose tax laws must be identified by their purpose, as interpreted by those responsible for applying the law. The second part investigates the constitutional basis that legitimates the use of non-fiscal purpose tax laws and discusses to what normative extent one can speak of tax neutrality. In the third part, the non-fiscal purpose tax laws are compared to the constitutional limits on taxation, to the conflict between regulatory competence and fiscal competence, to the constitutional concept of tax, as well as to the limits involving the tax species provided by the Federal Constitution. Finally, a model of decision making protocol is presented for use a mean of control by the Judiciary Branch of the non-fiscal purpose tax, highlighting the principles of equality and proportionality.

El trabajo está montado como un intencionado diálogo con los criterios esgrimidos por el Tribunal Constitucional sobre esta materia (desbordamiento material de las leyes de presupuestos) en su ya dilatada jurisprudencia. Su autor defiende una concepción amplia del ámbito material de las leyes de presupuestos. Según esta posición, este tipo de ley debe incluir la materia presupuestaria, pero, como ley que es, puede cobijar otras materias, salvo prohibición constitucional clara al respecto. Esta posición es superadora de la concepción de la ley de presupuestos como ley meramente formal, de suerte que la concibe como una ley plena, emanada de la potestad legislativa del Parlamento, con la fuerza propia de la ley, esto es, no vinculada a la legislación previa y capaz (aunque no siempre idónea, desde la perspectiva de la técnica legislativa) de emprender innovaciones legales.Desde esa postura "amplia" el autor formula propuesta de solución o de mejora frente al desbordamiento material de las leyes de presupuestos. Asimismo tras analizar su problemática específica, plantea posibles soluciones en relación a la práctica de las leyes de acompañamiento. / El treball està muntat com un intencionat diàleg amb els criteris esgrimits pel Tribunal Constitucional sobre aquesta matèria (desbordament material de les lleis de pressupostos) en la seva ja dilatada jurisprudència. El seu autor defensa una concepció àmplia de l'àmbit material de les lleis de pressupostos. Segons aquesta posició, aquest tipus de llei ha d'incloure la matèria pressupostària però, com a llei que és pot acolir altres matèries, excepte prohibició constitucional clara al respecte. Aquesta posició és superadora de la concepció de la llei de pressupostos com a llei merament formal, de manera que la concep com una llei plena, emanada de la potestat legislativa del Parlament, amb la força pròpia de la llei, és a dir, no vinculada a la legislació prèvia i capaç (encara que no sempre idònia, des de la perspectiva de la tècnica legislativa) d'emprendre innovacions legals.Des d'aquesta postura àmplia, l'autor formula proposta de solució o de millora davant del desbordament material de les lleis de pressupostos. Així mateix, després d'analitzar la seva problemàtica específica, planteja possibles solucions en realció a la pràctica de les lleis d'acompanyament. / The analysis is set out as an intentional dialogue with the criteria laid down by the Constitutional Court on this subject (material overflow of state budgets laws) in the course of its extended jurisprudence, In short, the work defends a broad concept of the material scpope of budget laws.