This research seeks to unravel the definition of sexual addiction amongst adolescents from the perspectives of professional social workers, working with these types of issues. This has been conducted through a qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with social workers in various youth clinics in Stockholm. The results gathered from the interviews are presented and then analyzed through discourse analysis using the social constructionism as our theoretical framework. The primary results gathered, conclude that sexual addiction amongst adolescents is to be defined within the personal contact between the client and the social worker in order to build an individual case discourse. The results also depicts that shame and anxiety are the driving forces for the phenomenon. Furthermore, inconsistency was discovered regarding the terminology of the phenomenon amongst the social workers. It is important to note that the adolescent years are time of rapid change and, thus, the behavior resembling sexual addiction may not be permanent. The results are then discussed and compared to previous research.

The extant of available South African qualitative research which investigates issues of the post-apartheid youth appears to be diversified and increasing. A part of this corpus of research, seem to inform on post-apartheid identity formation. This current research explored the narrative forms located in the retellings of the apartheid past by 13 young black South Africans aged between 16 and 21. To this end, 68 different secondary narrative segments were obtained, by means of the analysed transcripts of in-depth interviewing, using a qualitative categorical-content framework. The data analysis yielded 12 themes, wherein the youth identified the primary narrators of the apartheid stories; contextualised settings and circumstances around narratives and explained apartheid social stratifications and treatment of black persons. They also conceptualized their understanding of apartheid laws and enforcement; explained apartheid experienced forms of loss and support; discussed apartheid education; talked about political figures and liberation; disclosed their own feelings about these stories; disclosed the impacts of stories on their own lives; considered the relevance of these narratives; stated what was learnt from it and provided a gauge of their interest in such stories. The findings suggest socially constructed second order narratives of racial hierarchies; marginalising the 'other'; vicarious experiences of affect; the incorporation of the logic of difference and a coexistence of tensions between these stories and present lifestyles. The research has located specific tones, imagery and themes within these narratives, which were duly incorporated in the metastory of this research. Recommendations were made concerning further research to be inclusive of youth from a wider racial and cultural spectrum, as well as investigation into aspects of non-interest and denialism about the apartheid past. / Thesis (M.A. (Research Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

To live HIV positive and age into older adulthood is a new phenomenon. Research is helping to identify how the body is biologically impacted by the complex convergence of the virus, antiretroviral drug treatment, and aging. And yet there is more. One has to live in their body. Believing that stories of living with illness hold meaning, we also need to understand the lived experience of persons aging with HIV. When we engage and listen to stories of everyday lived experience, we are afforded a way to gain insight into particulars of aging with HIV, and this in turn generates understanding and compassion that can connect and teach all of humanity about the broader experience of life. The intent of this dissertation is to present the narrative inquiry I have undertaken over a five year period. I begin with an introduction to the phenomenon of aging with HIV and then present four manuscripts, two that highlight research findings related to metaphors and themes within stories, and two that focus on the interview process and narrative practice. In a concluding chapter I weave together my emergent understanding of what it means to age with HIV, narrative inquiry, and discuss implications of the findings that may take nursing and nursing care forward. In the first manuscript I address tensions that arose and troubled my narrative interviewing approach. Tensions arose when a) presence was tempered by performance, b) power by equality, c) leading by following, d) insider by outsider, e) being non-influential by social influences, and f) trust tempered by responsibility. These tensions, which I refer to as a dynamic process of breathing in the mud, can act as catalysts that ignite clarity and advance narrative interviewing. In the second manuscript I explore metaphors within the stories of 5 adults’ experiences of aging with HIV. Metaphors reveal a complex struggle of living in-between tensions of uncertainty and hope, of facing death and living in the moment, and of hurt amidst joys of evolving identity. The overarching metaphor of “shadows and sunshine” reveals that to age with HIV is to survive and live in a fragile state, balancing multiple shadows such as stigma and side effects with joyful experiences of support and belonging. In the third manuscript I present results of a narrative analysis exploring HIV and aging stories of five adults, age 55-62, who have lived with HIV for 13-24 years. In analyzing the co-constructed stories, six common storylines were identified: the illness embodied, the journey of sense making of, intimacy with death and loss, ongoing secrets and stigma, evolving identity, and living in connection. These findings illustrate the vitalness of telling one’s illness story, as sense making happens in the telling and supports one to adapt. The final manuscript is a call to action and emphasizes cultivating a narrative sensibility in nursing practice. I offer the mnemonic STORIED to help nurses weave together essential elements of a narrative practice approach: Subjective, Tell/Listen, Openness, Reflection, Invite/Intention, Engage, and Document. / Graduate / 0569 / rosanne.beuthin@shaw.ca

Det övergripande syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om det sätt som svenska politiker talar om och beskriver samhället (framförallt det svenska) på har förändrats över tid. Studiens perspektiv är socialkonstruktionistiskt, vilket innebär att det sätt som politikerna talar om samhället på ses som en del i den ständigt pågående konstruktionen av vårt medvetande om, och därmed av, samhället. Det material som undersöks är fem svenska borgerliga regeringsförklaringar, framförda 1976, 1979,1991, 2006 och 2010. Den textanalytiska metod som används för att analysera dessa regeringsförklaringar är en form av kvantitativ innehållsanalys. Konkret är studiens syfte att longitudinellt undersöka om det finns skillnader i vilka ideologiska idéer som dominerar i de analyserade regeringsförklaringarna. Detta görs med hjälp av två olika sorters innehållsanalys. Dels jämförs förekomsten i materialet av vissa ideologiskt laddade termer, och dels jämförs andelen i materialet uttryckta ”nyhöger-” (dvs. nyliberala ochnykonservativa) kontra alternativa, främst socialliberala idéer. Analysen visar att det, mätt på detta sätt, finns betydande skillnader i ideologisk orientering mellan regeringsförklaringarna. Det starkaste resultatet, som också kan ses som en bekräftelse på flera tidigare studier, är ett som pekar på en högervåg – det vill säga en ökning av andelen nyhögeridéer och en korresponderande minskning av andelen alternativa idéer – mellan 1979 och1991. Analysen visar också att andelen nyhögeridéer sedan 1991 varit i det närmaste konstant, men att det från 1991 till 2010 skett en gradvis förskjutning inom dessa nyhögeridéer från utpräglat nyliberala till nyliberala med ett inslag av nykonservativa, vad det verkar närmast nationalistiska idéer. / The general aim of this study is to investigate whether the way that Swedish politicians speak about and describe society (mainly Swedish society) has changed over time. The perspective of the study is a social-constructive one, which means that the way that politicians speak about society is viewed as a part of the constant construction of our consciousness of, and thereby of, society. The examined material is five Swedish right-wing statements of government policy, issued in 1976, 1979, 1991, 2006 and 2010. The method used to analyze these statements is a form of quantitative content analysis. Concretely the aim of the study is to longitudinally examine if there are differences regarding which ideological ideas that are dominant in the analyzed statements of government policy. This is done with the help of two different forms of content analysis. Comparisons are made both regarding the occurrence of certain ideologically charged terms in the different statements, and regarding the share of neoright (libertarian- and neoconservative) as opposed to alternative, mainly social-liberal ideas expressed in the material. The analysis shows that measured in this way there are considerable differences in ideological orientation between the different statements of government policy. The strongest result, which can also be seen as a confirmation of the results of several previous studies, is one which points to a swing to the right between 1979 and 1991. The analysis also shows that since 1991 the share of neoright ideas has remained relatively stable, but that a gradual shift within the neoright spectrum of ideas has taken place since then, a shift from markedly libertarian ideas in 1991, to libertarian with an element of neoconservative, almost nationalist ideas in 2010.

Implementing the legal mandate to accommodate students with impairments in higher education, particularly in fieldwork settings, poses a significant challenge to retaining academic integrity (Pardo, 1999). Currently, there is no consistent way of determining which academic requirements are “bona fide” (OHRC, 2004), and might not be altered for students with disabilities, and those which can be accomplished using a different method. Situating accommodation and accessibility within the Environmental Factors domain of the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Function, Disability and Health (ICF) as a theoretical framework, a set of questions are presented to determine whether academic requirements in fieldwork can be accommodated or not, and why. Combining an occupational therapy perspective on the importance of task analysis (Ashworth, 1995) with the means of identifying discrimination laid out in the human rights case law provides the required tools for such an analysis. This dissertation examines the intersection of legislated mandates for accommodation and academic integrity, by applying human rights legislation to higher education. Using the three-step test of discrimination set out in Meiorin (1999) and an additional question based on Granovsky (2000) to analyze academic tasks and requirements of fieldwork, bona fide requirements can be determined. The resulting model for determining accommodation for students with impairments is applicable to accommodation of disability in primary and secondary education, as well as in the employment sector and accessibility planning, and contributes to standards of practice in academic accommodation planning, a need identified by Reed, Lund-Lucas, & O'Rourke (2003). Following the introduction, six distinct chapters explore 1) the background of accommodation in post-secondary education, 2) the weaving together of models of disability with legislated requirements and curricula, 3) the human rights paradigm itself, 4) accommodation policies, 5) an experimental focus group investigation of the proposed model, and 6) an explication of when accommodation might not be appropriate. The conclusion draws these various threads together into a lifeline for accommodation analysis and planning. / Thesis (Ph.D, Education) -- Queen's University, 2013-02-04 19:28:14.838

A narrative inquiry methodology was utilized to investigate experiences of fluidity of sexuality and the broader processes of sexuality and sexual identity development. Five adult co-researchers, all members of various sexual and gender minority groups, participated in semi-structured, in-depth interviews centering on their experiences of changes in sexuality over time. The stories told were presented in the research text. Only one experience of a significant and lasting shift in sexual desire during adulthood was reported, occurring in the context of a transition from a male to a female gender identity. A thematic analysis of the co-researchers’ narratives was undertaken, and 3 common and 14 important themes were identified. The co-researchers’ stories and the common and important themes were brought together to form a partial model of sexuality and sexual identity development. Implications for counselling and for further research in this area were also considered. / Counselling Psychology

Företag leds av människor. Människor som lever i ett samhälle med en lång historia. I denna avhandling argumenteras för att historiskt framsprungna ideal för företagsledning och företagsledare är av stor betydelse i nuet. För att förstå dagens mångfacetterade praktik – här studeras ett företag och dess ledning över en längre period - måste historiens avlagringar blottläggas. Modern företagsledning ses här som en roll för någon att iklä sig – en roll som tycks handla om sådant som ”strategi” och ”kultur”. Företagsledare skall fastlägga strategier och skapa kulturer. Men hur skall detta göras? Och hur skall företagsledare vara i övrigt? Här finns djupare tankar och känslor hos människor – sådant som handlar om vem ”jag” är. Industrialismens historia har producerat typiska svar på sådana frågor. För företagsledare är en central del av svaret ofta ”jag är en man”. Ideal för män är viktiga som ideal för företagsledare, och tvärtom. Praktisk företagsledning kan därmed ses som en blandning av modernt instrumentellt handlande i termer av strategi och kultur och något mindre moderna handlingar som handlar om vem jag är i tingens ordning. Är jag till exempel en Tuffing eller en Expert? Avhandlingen utmynnar i en återupptäckt av ytterligare en aspekt: det som varken är modernt eller helt omodernt. / Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögsk., 2002

The principal aim of this doctoral thesis is to describe the evolution of juvenile delinquency as a social problem during the post-war period. Through its four empirical studies the thesis advocates an understanding based on a contextual constructionism, which represents a compromise position between the objectivist and constructivist perspectives that dominate the field of social problems. The first study (Chapter 2) comprises an analysis of the development of juvenile delinquency in Sweden after 1975. The study is based on official crime statistics, victim surveys, insurance statistics and surveys of the alcohol and drug habits of young persons. The analyses do not allow for an exact determination of the actual trends in juvenile crime, but the indicators suggest that at worst the number of juveniles offenders has remained more or less stable since the mid 1970s, whilst at best the number has diminished. Chapter 3 describes the trends in juvenile crime in ten European countries during the post-war period. The data comprise reports, articles, statistics and personal information from researchers in the countries analysed. The study concludes that in all the countries examined, juvenile crime increases sharply during the first decades of the post-war period (1950-75). After this point, however, these trends level off in most countries. By means of a content analysis of editorials, Chapter 4 deals with the attention focused on juvenile delinquency in the Swedish daily press during the post-war period (1950-1994). The study shows both qualitative and quantitative changes in the way the press portray juvenile crime. Most importantly, 1986 saw the problem of juvenile violence suddenly becoming the dominant issue. Chapter 5 deals with the development of, and the societal response to, violence in schools (1980-1997). A content analysis of a journal for school employees indicates that responses to problems of violence in school underwent a transformation at the end of the 1980s. A study of police reports shows that reported cases of violence in schools have increased considerably. The explanation for this rise is to be found in a change in the size of the dark figure. Besides the response-sensitive official crime statistics, there is very little to indicate any substantial change in the number of juveniles being subjected to, or subjecting others to violence. Chapter 6 discusses the main finding produced by the thesis – namely that there has been a change in the way society reacts to juveniles who commit criminal offences that cannot be explained by the crime trends. Three alternative explanations are discussed: the media and moral panics, the ”racialisation” of the crime problem and the structural crisis of legitimacy faced by the welfare state.

The management of wildlife tourism has been dominated by ideologies informed by western colonialism and its values of nature. These ideologies, made transparent through communicative and interpretative discourses, influence the way management policies and practices are devised and enacted. The inherent scientific and utilitarian views are supported by a doctrine of separation. This is apparent in the dualism posed, and enacted, between nature and culture that sees humans as being the sole carriers of culture that separates them from the uncultured and uncivilised world of nature into which all other animals, and certainly untamed wildlife, belong. It justifies the use of non-humans for human purposes and continues to allow us to treat non-human animals and other forms of nature in often abominable ways. This thesis investigates two situations in which wildlife tourism occurs in Australia. Fraser Island and Penguin Island are two wildlife tourism destinations on opposite sides of the continent with very different wildlife but some very similar issues. From these two contexts data was collected through interviews, focus groups, participant observation, and from literary and documentary sources. Understanding the empirical data collected from these case studies is facilitated through a social constructionist view of discourse analysis that allows an unpacking of the messages and a stance from which to challenge the dominant ideologies that frame management and interaction. In the thesis I demonstrate that anthropology, in its incarnation as environmental anthropology and as a team player in a necessarily interdisciplinary approach to understanding and resolving environmental issues, has much to offer. This engagement has the potential to enhance not only the sustainable future of naturebased activities like wildlife tourism but also the relevance of anthropology in the postcolonial contemporary world. The need for a holistic framework encompassing all the stakeholders in any wildlife tourism venture is proposed. This approach to wildlife tourism is best serviced by examining perspectives, values and concerns of all members of the wildlife tourism community at any given destination. It is only through this type of holistic and situated focus that we can hope to effectively understand, and then manage, in the best interests of all parties. More specifically, and finally, I argue for a rethinking of the way wildlife tourism interactions are managed in some settings. The ideology of separation, enacted both conceptually and physically to create maintain boundaries, is demonstrated through the two case studies and the ways in which interactions between humans and wildlife are currently managed. An alternative is posed, that by reconstructing management in settings where wildlife tourists may be more accepting of their own responsibility towards nature, a model can be developed that allows people and wildlife to co-exist without ‘killing’ the natural instincts of either.

It is suggested that the lack of progress made towards understanding and preventing, or even in many cases even alleviating, psychological suffering has been due, in large part, to the way in which such suffering is conceptualised – as ‘disorder’, ‘illness’ or ‘disease’ which is located, and is thus potentially locatable, within the individual. This conceptualisation of psychological suffering is referred to in this thesis as the ‘Dysfunctional Mind Account’ (DMA). The DMA, it is argued, underlies all accepted models/theories of psychological suffering and is the dominant way of conceptualising such suffering for both professionals and lay-people in Western cultures. It is further argued that the main reason the DMA is unable to assist in understanding and alleviating psychological suffering is because it is underpinned by assumptions about human beings and their suffering which are inherently flawed. The account presented in this thesis places at its centre an analysis of persons and their experience that attempts to overthrow these assumptions. The resulting reconceptualisation presents a view of psychological suffering as emergent from our continual personal and embodied enmeshment within our social world, rather than as arising primarily out of the various processes occurring ‘within’ us (whether that be our neurochemistry or our ‘mental mechanisms’ or an ‘interaction’ between them). It is essentially suggested that psychological suffering emerges from the same source as all other aspects of our personal being; from the constant coactions between the various aspects of our being in the world – personal, organismic and molecular – with the environment within which we are enmeshed. This means that the feelings/thoughts/behaviours conceptualised as ‘mental disorder’ are as much part of our personal being as any other aspect of us; they are not ‘other’, they are not ‘disease’, ‘illness’ or ‘dysfunction’. Such feelings/thoughts/ behaviours, it is argued, almost always, perhaps inevitably, represent a very adaptive response, at every level of our being, to environmental contingencies. Thus, when understood in its full context, the suffering conceptualised as ‘mental disorder’ can be seen as the very understandable responses of the embodied person to what is happening to them, rather than ‘un-understandable’ dysfunctions, aberrations and pathological processes of the ‘mind’ (or brain).