A dissertação Espaços para o corpo: antropometria na arte contemporânea apresenta a pesquisa em relação às operações poéticas desenvolvidas em uma série de trabalhos artísticos; dentre os quais, recortes da produção tridimensional de Hélio Oiticica, Anish Kapoor e Ana Maria Tavares, que visam à criação do que chamaremos de escala antropométrica. Partindo da escultura, a construção desses tridimensionais, ainda que neles seja superada toda figuração, pode se aliar à escala que dimensiona o ser humano. Desse modo, essas obras se relacionam com o corpo do visitante ao se darem à sua experiência como trabalho artístico, uma dimensão, tanto poética, que inclui o espectador, ou o convida a participar dela. Em segundo passo, apresenta a pesquisa estética do próprio autor deste texto e em parceria com Deyson Gilbert, cuja produção resulta em explorações espaciais e temporais propondo questionamentos parcialmente sucedâneos aos dos artistas precedentes. / The dissertation Spaces for the body: anthropometry in contemporary art presents the research related to operations carried out in a poetic series of artworks, among which cutouts of Hélio Oiticicas, Anish Kapoors and Ana Maria Tavares three-dimensional production, aimed at creating what we will call anthropometric scale. Based on the sculpture, the construction of three-dimensional, although they can be overcome every figure representation, can be allied with the human scale. Thus, these works relate to the visitor\'s body when they give to their experience as artwork, a dimension, so poetic, that includes the viewer, or invites to participate. The second part presents the text author\'s aesthetic research (on his own and in partnership with Deyson Gilbert), whose production results in temporal and space exploration by proposing questions to partially succeed the previous artists.

Este trabalho trata da atualidade e aplicabilidade à cidade contemporânea do conceito in-between territórios de intermediação-, desenvolvido inicialmente em pequena escala, dentro da crítica que a última geração dos ciam fez ao pensamento urbanístico modernista. Para tanto é realizado um mapeamento dos conceitos, condições e problemas enfrentados pelo urbanismo no último século. O percurso desenvolvido mostra a emergência de algumas figuras e temas na passagem da cidade moderna para a contemporânea, que se apresentam como possibilidades de experimentação fecunda no campo da arquitetura e do urbanismo. A malha teórica traçada é confrontada com os estudos de caso onde se exploram as possibilidades de aplicação desses conceitos a uma realidade determinada, analisando-se o caso do Projeto Recife-Olinda (2005- 2007) e articulando-se a análise a temas e materiais específicos de outros projetos relevantes que ajudam a iluminar o problema. Assim, a figura ou conceito territórios de intermediação (in-between) e o tema terrenos vagos são trabalhados como resultante expressiva dos dois movimentos de passagem da cidade moderna para a contemporânea: separar e distanciar e dispersar e fragmentar. Enquanto temas e materiais correlatos, foi pesquisado o desenho e articulação dos sistemas fundamentais da cidade mobilidade, habitação, centralidade e meio ambiente. Conclui-se que o in-between é atual, sim, para capturar determinadas necessidades do projeto urbano no contexto de uma cidade contemporânea marcada pela fragmentação, pelas mudanças rápidas e indeterminações próprias das redes desterritorializadas e a conseqüente ampliação das desigualdades territoriais / This work addresses the currentness and applicability to the contemporary city of the in-between concept intermediation territories developed initially in small scale, within the criticism that the last ciam generation made to the modernistic urbanistic thought. For this purpose, a mapping is performed of concepts, conditions, and problems faced by urbanism in the last century. The path developed shows the emergence of some pictures and themes in the transition from the modern city to the contemporary one, that present themselves as possibilities of fecund experimentation in the fields of architecture and urbanism. The theoretical mesh plotted is compared to case studies, where the possibilities of application of these concepts to a particular reality are exploited, analyzing the case of the Recife-Olinda Project (2005-2007), and articulating the analysis with specific themes and materials from other relevant projects that help throwing light on the problem. This way, the picture or concept intermediation territories (in-between), and the vacant lots themes are worked out as expressive resulting of the two movements of passage from the modern city to the contemporary one: separating and setting apart and dispersing and fragmenting. As correlate themes and materials, the design and articulation of the citys key systems were researched mobility, housing, centrality, and environment. The conclusion is that in-between is current, yes, to capture certain needs of the urban project, in the context of a contemporary city, marked by fragmentation, by quick change and indeterminations that are characteristics of deterritorialized networks, and the consequent expansion of territorial inequalities.

A pesquisa analisa o conjunto de mudanças que nas últimas duas décadas ampliaram a projeção da arte contemporânea brasileira no exterior, tendo como ponto de partida a obra e a projeção internacional do artista Hélio Oiticica, deflagradas com a mostra do PS1 Brazil Projects, onde aconteceu seu (re)lançamento. Através de uma análise crítica sobre a percepção da produção artística nacional em território estrangeiro, o estudo visa contribuir para a compreensão do campo da arte e das diversas variáveis que incidem no processo de reconhecimento do valor de uma trajetória artística, quer potencialize sua difusão, quer contribua para intensificar sua produção. O trabalho identifica os atores que compõem este circuito, nomeadamente os estrangeiros-críticos, curadores (independentes ou ligados a instituições), colecionadores, marchands e artistas. Apresenta e compara diversos pontos de vistas e ações quanto a produção contemporânea brasileira e permite que sejam identificadas ressonâncias e confrontos entre a recepção internacional e a local. Ao detectar um conjunto de pensamentos, foi possível revelar elos e assimetrias estabelecidas com a cultura brasileira. / The present work analyzes the foreign reception of Brazilian contemporary art in the last two decades. The exhibition of the work of Hélio Oiticica, starting from the show Brazil Projects held in PS1, is the reference point for this analysis. The critical examination of the reception of Brazilian art abroad intends to expand the comprehension of contemporary art practices, as the multiple influences that may contribute to the value of an art object and intensifying the production of an artist. This research identifies the persons involved with Hélio Oiticica\'s work - critics, independent curators, collectors, marchands and artists - and compares different points of view related to Brazilian contemporary art. In particular, the work contrasts the foreign and national attitudes toward Brasillian art, unveiling convergences and divergences in the perception of Brazilian culture.

O trabalho pretende traçar uma análise crítica da relação entre arquitetura e cidade presente nas intervenções urbanas promovidas no período de 1991 a 2002 pelo poder público em Fortaleza. Tem a intenção de relacionar essa produção ao discurso político de ?modernização? do Ceará pronunciado pelos governantes, à construção de uma imagem urbana favorável à atração de investimentos e ao consumo turístico, e a promoção de espaços espetaculares no contexto de uma pós-modernidade, buscando, ainda, interpretar suas condicionantes históricas, sócio-econômicas, políticas e culturais. O objeto empírico de estudo compreende obras construídas ? reforma da Praça do Ferreira (1991), novo Mercado Central (1994-1998), Parque da Cidade (1999-2002), reforma do calçadão e Ponte dos Ingleses na Praia de Iracema (1994) e Centro Cultural Dragão do Mar (1994-1999) ? e projetos oriundos de concursos ou consórcio de arquitetos ? Projeto Fortaleza Atlântica (1998), Concurso Nacional de Idéias para Embelezamento e Valorização da Área Central (1999) e Centro Multifuncional de Feiras e Eventos (2002). / This work aims to analyze the relationship between architecture and the city of Fortaleza in the urban interventions by local government during 1991 and 2002. It intends to relate those projects to the political discourse by governors on ?modernization? of the state of Ceará, to the construction of an urban image attractive to investments and tourist consumption, and the production of spaces of spectacle in the context of post modernity, yet searching for an explanation of their historical, social, economical, political and cultural conditions. The empirical object of this study consists of works like the renovation of Ferreira Square (1991), the new Central Market (1994-1998), the Park of the City (1999-2002), the renovation of the shore sidewalk and of the boardwalk in Praia de Iracema (1994), and the Dragão do Mar Cultural Center. It also presents projects from architectural and urban design competitions like Fortaleza Atlântica (1998), National Competition of Ideas for Embellishment and Valorization for Downtown Fortaleza and Park of the City (1999) and the project for a Fair and Events Center (2002).

Ce travail met en relief une relecture du Baroque, en particulier du courant culterano, qui a eu lieu au Mexique au début du 20e siècle. La génération d'écrivains réunis autour de la revue Contemporaneos joue un rôle central dans un mouvement de fond de récupération du lien avec la tradition de la Nouvelle Espagne, dont notamment la figure centrale de Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz. Cette vision ample de l'histoire de la littérature du Mexique se centre plus précisément sur le rôle de deux poèmes, qui constituent des paradigmes des enjeux qu'un tel passage culturel implique, "Muerte sin fin" de José Gorostiza et "Primero Sueno" de Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz. / This work highlights the rediscovery of Gongora's Baroque that took place in Mexico at the beginning of the 20th century. The writers of the generation united around the literary revieuw Contemporaneos play a key role in a movement focused on rebuilding cultural ties to New Spain. A principal leader of this period was Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz. This broad overview of Mexico's literary history specifically focuses on the role of two poems - "Muerte sin fin", by José Gorostiza, and "Primero Sueno"by Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz - which constitute paradigms of the era's cultural shift.

The global movement of peoples and the changing demographics of an ever-more globalized world are undoubtedly becoming increasingly reflected in theatrical practice. Contemporary intercultural performance has become a way for first/second-generation, migrant, immigrant, and exilic artists to re-inscribe and reclaim their agency and cultural identities. This thesis argues for a new method of analysis of intercultural theatre that moves away from the historically "alimentary" relationship between performance cultures - in which one (often the West) borrows and takes from the other (often "the Rest") for its own benefit - towards a methodology of performance analysis that encourages agency of creation with the performer through a more bi-directional or fluid process of intercultural exchange (Lo and Gilbert 43). In looking at three contemporary performances, Fish Eyes by Anita Majumdar, Obaaberima by Tawiah M'Carthy, and DESH by Akram Khan, I argue for a four-point model of performance analysis: encounter, intention, negotiation and emergence. I argue that these four elements are all present within the process of construction and reception of an intercultural performance, and that in deploying them, the artist is able to usher in the creation of new meaning - both semantically and aesthetically - through the means of intercultural exchange.

Le numérique s'est immiscé dans toutes les sphères, privées, publiques et professionnelles, de nos sociétés et les a façonnées. Depuis toujours, les artistes se saisissent des techniques ou technologies de leur temps afin d'en témoigner. A chaque innovation détournée correspondent ainsi des œuvres mais il faut du temps au monde de l'art pour intégrer de nouvelles pratiques comme de nouveaux médias. Impatients, les plus fervents défenseurs de l'art numérique se sont structurés en communautés à l'international en organisant des événements dédiés. Leurs pratiques arrivent aujourd'hui à maturité et le public est culturellement prêt à accueillir leurs créations comme il le fait déjà au sein de festivals. On remarque, dans un même temps, les premiers signes d'une acceptation du digital dans l'art au travers des institutions comme sur le marché dont on sait la position dominante. L'objet de cette recherche est d'étudier les œuvres des pratiques actuelles sans se focaliser sur leur part de numérique. De les analyser dans le contexte de leur monstration en les assemblant pour qu'ensemble elles dialoguent. Afin de démonter que le numérique n'est autre qu'un médium de l'art contemporain dont il convient toutefois de considérer les spécificités. / Digital technologies have insinuated themselves into ail spheres, public, private and professional of our societies and have also shaped them. Historically, artists have always made use of the techniques and technologies of their time to show them off. For each innovation that has been appropriated, there are corresponding works, but it takes time for the art world to incorporate new practices such as new media. The most fervent defenders of digital art are impatient and so have structured communities by organizing dedicated international events. Their practices are now reaching maturity and the public is culturally ready to receive their creations, as they already do in festivals. We note, at the same lime, the first signs of acceptance of digital technology in art through institutions such as the art market, whose dominant position is known. The purpose of my research is to study the works of current practices without focusing on the part of them that is digital ; to analyse them in the context of their exhibition by assembling them together so they may create a dialogue. My goal is to demonstrate that digital technologies are simply a medium of contemporary art, whose particularities should nevertheless be considered.

This research identifies the negotiation of inherited understandings of the term ‘community’ as an increasingly widespread concern within the field of contemporary art since 1989, particularly in the wake of art’s communitarian turn during the 1990s. The thesis examines these artistic investigations in connection with the work of philosophers such as Maurice Blanchot, Roberto Esposito and Jean-Luc Nancy during the 1980s and 1990s, where we find the most thorough interrogation of the term ‘community’ since the nineteenth century. Contending that art has significantly contributed to a discourse long established in philosophy, the thesis reflects on what precipitated the widespread shift from an artistic interest in ‘this or that community’ to ‘community as such’ during the 1990s, and on what art has offered to the negotiation of community that philosophy has not. These dual concerns have been developed in the two sections that comprise the thesis, entitled ‘Untying the “Unique Epochal Knot”’ and ‘Collaboration, Participation, Performance and the Negotiation of Community’. An important issue the thesis broaches is whether art can (despite concerns about its co-optation within neoliberal institutions) constitute a potent site for the negotiation of community. The affirmative, if critical, answer given considers the unorthodox forms, logics and strategies that art is permitted to employ, art’s ability to enact material interventions into social relations and, overall, art’s operation as an alternative/complementary mode of articulation to that offered by philosophy. Through the analysis of pertinent case studies, the thesis examines how collaborative, participatory and performance practices have been particularly employed by artists including Tania Bruguera, Kristina Norman and Artur Żmijewski, seeking to scrutinise factors crucial to the rethinking of community. These factors include singularity, commonality, temporality and ethics. Springing from interviews, research trips to key case studies, and a thorough literature review, as well as implicating a range of work from diverse geographies and spread over the past two decades, the thesis situates the move towards the negotiation of community in art both historically and theoretically. In doing so, the analysis develops an important reconsideration of contemporary art’s widely noted attendance to the social. In privileging a conceptual framework for the discussion of this tendency in art, as opposed to the more prevalent formalist model, greater critical purchase may be gained on this urgent development in contemporary art history.

Au début du vingtième siècle, une rupture radicale et fondatrice de modernité artistique eut lieu au Brésil. Cette modernité se démarque de celle d’Europe par la prise de conscience des distances géographiques, culturelles et politiques vis à vis de l’Europe et surtout de l’ancienne puissance coloniale, le Portugal, par la recherche de son identité à travers la multiplicité des métissages du Nouveau Monde, ses mythes et son histoire réelle décolonisée. L’avant-garde brésilienne émerge autour de 1928, à travers les Manifestes anthropophages d’Oswald de Andrade (1890-1954) qui est donc le fondateur des anthropophagies, que l’on peut définir comme un indianisme à rebours. Le ″mauvais sauvage″ exerce sa critique contre les impostures du monde. « La ″Descente anthropophagique″ n’est pas une révolution littéraire, ni sociale, ni politique, ni religieuse. Elle est tout cela à la fois ! Sa loi est simple : Ne m’intéresse que ce qui n’est pas à moi ! Loi de l’homme, loi de l’anthropophagie ! » . Elle prescrit donc la dévoration des modèles importés et leur digestion dans l’hybridation au nom de l’identité brésilienne, par déplacement de concepts freudiens : « L’anthropophagie c’est la transformation permanente du Tabou (manger de l’homme) en Totem (de l’identité brésilienne) ! » . Ici l’influence notable de la psychanalyse et de l’anthropologie est à resituer : le déplacement du tabou anthropophage demeure une transgression symbolique, une métaphore, mais la référence anthropophagique ne concerne pas que la période précolombienne, car elle se réactualise. Nous nous proposons d’étudier ce phénomène à travers quatre questions : 1°- Quelles relations existent entre l’anthropophagie, l’histoire, l’esthétique et l’idéologie ? 2°- Quelle est la place des femmes artistes brésiliennes dans l’émergence de ce mouvement, compte tenu de leur présence décisive dès l’origine ?3°- Compte tenu de la résurgence rhizomique de l’anthropophagie dans la 2e moitié du XXe siècle, y compris jusqu’à aujourd’hui, quelle est la place des femmes artistes dans ce phénomène ? Y a-t-il continuité avec l’époque fondatrice ?4°- Etant donné ce qui précède, peut-on déduire qu’il existe un courant spécifiquement féminin dans l’anthropophagie d’hier et d’aujourd’hui ? Quelle est son importance réelle ? Quelles sont ses relations et postures par rapport à la postmodernité et à la mondialisation de l’art contemporain ? / At the beginning of the twentieth century, in Brazil, a radical artistic rupture took place, which marked the beginning of a new era. The resulting modernity differed from its European counterpart by the awareness of geographical, cultural and political distances that alienated Brazil from Europe and more specifically from its former colonial owner, Portugal. Brazilian modernity sought to define its identity through important basic elements that constitute the stuff that the New World is made of: cross-breeding, mythology and post-colonialism. The Brazilian avant-garde emerged around 1928 with the publication of The Anthropophagy Manifesto by Oswald de Andrade (1890-1954), who is thus the founder of the Anthropophagy, that we can define as a backward step into a reinvented form of ″Amerindianness″. The ″bad savage″ voices his criticism against impostures of the world. « Anthropophagy art is not a literary revolution, nor is it a social plea, nor a political pamphlet, nor a religious tract. It is all these things at the same time. Its law is simple: everything that is not me is of interest to me. The law of men is the law of Anthropophagy ». It thus prescribes eating up imported models and digesting them through the process of hybridization in the name of Brazilian identity. By displacing Freudian concepts, «Anthropophagy is the permanent transformation of the Taboo (man-eating) into a Totem (Brazilian identity) ». The permeating influences of psychoanalysis and anthropology need to be put in perspective: the displacement of the anthropophagous taboo remains a symbolic act of transgression, a metaphor, but the anthropophagic reference does not concern the pre-Columbian period, because it is updated. We propose to study this phenomenon through four questions: 1°- What are the relations between Anthropophagy, history, esthetics and ideology? 2°- What is the place of women Brazilian artists in the emergence of this movement, taking into account their decisive presence right from the start? 3°- Taking into account the resurgence of Anthropophagy from the second half of the 20th century onwards, what is the place of women artists in this phenomenon? Are they pursuing the same interests as the founders of the movement?4°- Can we deduce that there exists a specifically female genre within the anthropophagic movement of yesterday and of today? If so, what is its relevance? Where does it stand with respect to the contemporary concepts of post-modernity and globalization in the present-day art world?

Cette thèse s’attache à mettre à jour les mécanismes de représentation et de réappropriation de l’intérieur domestiqueau sein des installations depuis les années 1950.Il s’agit de s’interroger quant aux raisons et significations de la présence de motifs hérités du XIXe siècle (nivellement social, distinction entre espace domestique et public, mise-en-scène de soi, accumulation de biens, valorisation de l’ornementation... ), au sein de pratiques contemporaines. Plus loin, on cherche à établir une typologie de personae archétypales au sein des oeuvres contemporaines. Témoin de l’émergence de l’intérieur autant que de la normalisation des conventions sociales, le XIXe siècle est également le creuset des avants-gardes artistiques autant que des révolutions – politiques, industrielles, sociales. Pourtant, c’est vers la figure conservatrice du bourgeois et d’un espace très réglementé que se tournent les artistes lorsqu’ils choisissent de se réapproprier l’intérieur domestique. Dès lors, existe-t-il des changements structurels ou des modulations dans la représentation des intérieurs depuis le XIXe siècle ? Le cas échéant, les formes adoptées par ces oeuvres sont elles issues des mêmes sources que lors de la naissance du genre ?À travers un ensemble d’exemples empruntés au champ de la création contemporaine, mais également à ceux des pratiques curatoriales et muséographiques, de la sociologie, de la littérature ou de la micro-histoire, il s’agit de dresser des pistes de réflexion quant aux enjeux soulignés par ces réalisations, afin d’en présenter les variations et ce qu’elles induisent, hors d’un compte rendu exhaustif. La pratique plastique est partie liée du sujet de recherche, l’anecdote y est érigée en guide en ce qu’elle offre une liberté d’accès sans précédent aux faits historiques, transformations sociales, mécanismes de domination ou productions culturelles. C’est à son émergence au sein de l’intérieur par le décoratif que cet objet est afférent au sujet de recherche. / This dissertation intends to unveil the mecanisms of representation and influence on the domestic interior in installations from the 1950s onwards.It is about questioning reasons and meanings of the presence of 19th century patterns ( social levelling, distinction between domestic and public space, hoarding, promotion of the ornementation...) in contemporary practices. Furtheron, the dissertation tries to establish a typology of archetypal personae in contemporary works.19th century is not only the testimony of the rise of the interior and the standardization of social conventions but also aspring of artistic avant-gardes as well as political, industrial and social revolutions. However, when artists deal withdomestic interior they would rather refer to the conservative figure of the bourgeois and a regulated space. Consequently,has there been structural changes or modulations in the representation of interiors since the 19th century ? If so, do the forms used by these works have the same foundation as when the genre was created ?Through examples drawn from contemporary creation but also from curatorial and museographic practices, sociology, litterature or microhistory, we intend to find approaches in link with the issues raised by these works in order to present their variations and what they imply. A complete report is not intended in this dissertation.The visual art practice is directly related to the research topic. Anecdote is used as a lead because it offers an unprecedented access to historical facts, social changes, mechanisms of domination or cultural productions. It is thanks to its appearence in the interior through the decorative that this object is linked to the research topic.