Global ETD Search

141	The modernity/tradition interface amongst urban black South Africans Bonora, Franco 01 January 2002 (has links) Since the 1950s modernization theory predicted within the Third World a trajectory for social evolution and development mirroring perceived social and developmental evolution in Western societies since the 17th Century. Despite this theory being much discredited in both Western societies and the developing world; this theory still forms the basis for much analysis and policy formulation within post-1990 South Africa. This thesis looks at various aspects of urban black South Africans' existence and concludes that African tradition has found a place within an urban existence due to it's flexibility in dealing with peoples' daily challenges. An urban existence can thus no-longer be thought of as supplanting tradition in favour of western influences, but rather as bringing about a mixture of western and traditional influences - with positive and negative theoretical and practical developmental consequences / Development Studies / M.A. Tradition Modernity Urban existence Communalism Modernization theory Stokvels Traditional African medicine Hostel war African National Congress lnkatha Freedom Party Insider versus outsider social dynamics 303.4820968 Tradition (Philosophy) Urban anthropology -- South Africa Acculturation Detribalization -- South Africa Traditional medicine -- South Africa Witchcraft -- South Africa Cosmology, African Social evolution Sociology, Urban -- South Africa
142	Cosmologia usando aglomerados de galáxias no Dark Energy Survey / Cosmology with Galaxy Clusters in the Dark Energy Survey Michel Aguena da Silva 03 August 2017 (has links) Aglomerados de galáxias são as maiores estruturas no Universo. Sua distribuição mapeia os halos de matéria escura formados nos potenciais profundos do campo de matéria escura. Consequentemente, a abundância de aglomerados é altamente sensível a expansão do Universo, assim como ao crescimento das perturbações de matéria escura, constituindo uma poderosa ferramenta para fins cosmológicos. Na era atual de grandes levantamentos observacionais que produzem uma quantidade gigantesca de dados, as propriedades estatísticas dos objetos observados (galáxias, aglomerados, supernovas, quasares, etc) podem ser usadas para extrair informações cosmológicas. Para isso, é necessária o estudo da formação de halos de matéria escura, da detecção dos halos e aglomerados, das ferramentas estatísticas usadas para o vínculos de parâmetros, e finalmente, dos efeitos da detecções ópticas. No contexto da formulação da predição teórica da contagem de halos, foi analisada a influência de cada parâmetro cosmológico na abundância dos halos, a importância do uso da covariância dos halos, e a eficácia da utilização dos halos para vincular cosmologia. Também foi analisado em detalhes os intervalos de redshift e o uso de conhecimento prévio dos parâmetros ({\\it priors}). A predição teórica foi testada um uma simulação de matéria escura, onde a cosmologia era conhecida e os halos de matéria escura já haviam sido detectados. Nessa análise, foi atestado que é possível obter bons vínculos cosmológicos para alguns parâmetros (Omega_m,w,sigma_8,n_s), enquanto outros parâmetros (h,Omega_b) necessitavam de conhecimento prévio de outros testes cosmológicos. Na seção dos métodos estatísticos, foram discutidos os conceitos de {\\it likelihood}, {\\it priors} e {\\it posterior distribution}. O formalismo da Matriz de Fisher, bem como sua aplicação em aglomerados de galáxias, foi apresentado e usado para a realização de predições dos vínculos em levantamentos atuais e futuros. Para a análise de dados, foram apresentados métodos de Cadeias de Markov de Monte Carlo (MCMC), que diferentemente da Matriz de Fisher não assumem Gaussianidade entre os parâmetros vinculados, porém possuem um custo computacional muito mais alto. Os efeitos observacionais também foram estudados em detalhes. Usando uma abordagem com a Matriz de Fisher, os efeitos de completeza e pureza foram extensivamente explorados. Como resultado, foi determinado em quais casos é vantajoso incluir uma modelagem adicional para que o limite mínimo de massa possa ser diminuído. Um dos principais resultados foi o fato que a inclusão dos efeitos de completeza e pureza na modelagem não degradam os vínculos de energia escura, se alguns outros efeitos já estão sendo incluídos. Também foi verificados que o uso de priors nos parâmetros não cosmológicos só afetam os vínculos de energia escura se forem melhores que 1\\%. O cluster finder(código para detecção de aglomerados) WaZp foi usado na simulação, produzindo um catálogo de aglomerados. Comparando-se esse catálogo com os halos de matéria escura da simulação, foi possível investigar e medir os efeitos observacionais. A partir dessas medidas, pôde-se incluir correções para a predição da abundância de aglomerados, que resultou em boa concordância com os aglomerados detectados. Os resultados a as ferramentas desenvolvidos ao longo desta tese podem fornecer um a estrutura para a análise de aglomerados com fins cosmológicos. Durante esse trabalho, diversos códigos foram desenvolvidos, dentre eles, estão um código eficiente para computar a predição teórica da abundância e covariância de halos de matéria escura, um código para estimar a abundância e covariância dos aglomerados de galáxias incluindo os efeitos observacionais, e um código para comparar diferentes catálogos de halos e aglomerados. Esse último foi integrado ao portal científico do Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia (LIneA) e está sendo usado para avaliar a qualidade de catálogos de aglomerados produzidos pela colaboração do Dark Energy Survey (DES), assim como também será usado em levantamentos futuros. / Abstract Galaxy clusters are the largest bound structures of the Universe. Their distribution maps the dark matter halos formed in the deep potential wells of the dark matter field. As a result, the abundance of galaxy clusters is highly sensitive to the expansion of the universe as well as the growth of dark matter perturbations, representing a powerful tool for cosmological purposes. In the current era of large scale surveys with enormous volumes of data, the statistical quantities from the objects surveyed (galaxies, clusters, supernovae, quasars, etc) can be used to extract cosmological information. The main goal of this thesis is to explore the potential use of galaxy clusters for constraining cosmology. To that end, we study the halo formation theory, the detection of halos and clusters, the statistical tools required to quarry cosmological information from detected clusters and finally the effects of optical detection. In the composition of the theoretical prediction for the halo number counts, we analyze how each cosmological parameter of interest affects the halo abundance, the importance of the use of the halo covariance, and the effectiveness of halos on cosmological constraints. The redshift range and the use of prior knowledge of parameters are also investigated in detail. The theoretical prediction is tested on a dark matter simulation, where the cosmology is known and a dark matter halo catalog is available. In the analysis of the simulation we find that it is possible to obtain good constraints for some parameters such as (Omega_m,w,sigma_8,n_s) while other parameters (h,Omega_b) require external priors from different cosmological probes. In the statistical methods, we discuss the concept of likelihood, priors and the posterior distribution. The Fisher Matrix formalism and its application on galaxy clusters is presented, and used for making forecasts of ongoing and future surveys. For the real analysis of data we introduce Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) methods, which do not assume Gaussianity of the parameters distribution, but have a much higher computational cost relative to the Fisher Matrix. The observational effects are studied in detail. Using the Fisher Matrix approach, we carefully explore the effects of completeness and purity. We find in which cases it is worth to include extra parameters in order to lower the mass threshold. An interesting finding is the fact that including completeness and purity parameters along with cosmological parameters does not degrade dark energy constraints if other observational effects are already being considered. The use of priors on nuisance parameters does not seem to affect the dark energy constraints, unless these priors are better than 1\\%.The WaZp cluster finder was run on a cosmological simulation, producing a cluster catalog. Comparing the detected galaxy clusters to the dark matter halos, the observational effects were investigated and measured. Using these measurements, we were able to include corrections for the prediction of cluster counts, resulting in a good agreement with the detected cluster abundance. The results and tools developed in this thesis can provide a framework for the analysis of galaxy clusters for cosmological purposes. Several codes were created and tested along this work, among them are an efficient code to compute theoretical predictions of halo abundance and covariance, a code to estimate the abundance and covariance of galaxy clusters including multiple observational effects and a pipeline to match and compare halo/cluster catalogs. This pipeline has been integrated to the Science Portal of the Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia (LIneA) and is being used to automatically assess the quality of cluster catalogs produced by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) collaboration and will be used in other future surveys. Aglomerados de Galáxias Cadeia de Markov de Monte Carlo cluster finder Completeza Cosmología Covariância Energía Escura Halos de Matéria Escura Likelihood Matéria Escura Matriz de Fisher MCMC Posterior Prior Pureza Relação Massa-Riqueza Vínculos Cosmológicos WaZp cluster finder Completeness Cosmological Constraints Cosmology Covariance Dark Energy Dark Matter Dark Matter Halos Fisher Matrix Galaxy Clusters Likelihood Mass-Richness Relation MCMC Monte Carlo Markov Chain Posterior Prior Purity WaZp
143	From Spitzer Mid-InfraRed Observations and Measurements of Peculiar Velocities to Constrained Simulations of the Local Universe / Des observations mi-InfraRouges du Télescope Spitzer et des mesures de vitesses particulières aux simulations contraintes de l'univers local Sorce, Jenny 12 June 2014 (has links) Les galaxies sont des sondes observationnelles pour l'étude des structures de l'Univers. Leur mouvement gravitationnel permet de tracer la densité totale de matière. Par ailleurs, l'étude de la formation des structures et galaxies s'appuie sur les simulations numériques cosmologiques. Cependant, un seul univers observable à partir d'une position donnée, en temps et espace, est disponible pour comparaison avec les simulations. La variance cosmique associée affecte notre capacité à interpréter les résultats. Les simulations contraintes par les données observationnelles constituent une solution optimale au problème. Réaliser de telles simulations requiert les projets Cosmicflows et CLUES. Cosmicflows construits des catalogues de mesures de distances précises afin d'obtenir les déviations de l'expansion. Ces mesures sont principalement obtenues avec la corrélation entre la luminosité des galaxies et la vitesse de rotation de leur gaz. La calibration de cette relation est présentée dans le mi-infrarouge avec les observations du télescope spatial Spitzer. Les estimations de distances résultantes seront intégrées au troisième catalogue de données du projet. En attendant, deux catalogues de mesures atteignant 30 et 150 h−1 Mpc ont été publiés. Les améliorations et applications de la méthode du projet CLUES sur les deux catalogues sont présentées. La technique est basée sur l'algorithme de réalisation contrainte. L'approximation de Zel'dovich permet de calculer le champ de déplacement cosmique. Son inversion repositionne les contraintes tridimensionnelles reconstruites à l'emplacement de leur précurseur dans le champ initial. La taille inégalée, 8000 galaxies jusqu'`a une distance de 150 h−1 Mpc, du second catalogue a mis en évidence l'importance de minimiser les biais observationnels. En réalisant des tests sur des catalogues de similis, issus des simulations cosmologiques, une méthode de minimisation des biais peut être dérivée. Finalement, pour la première fois, des simulations cosmologiques sont contraintes uniquement par des vitesses particulières de galaxies. Le procédé est une réussite car les simulations obtenues ressemblent à l'Univers Local. Les principaux attracteurs et vides sont simulés à des positions approchant de quelques mégaparsecs les positions observationnelles, atteignant ainsi la limite fixée par la théorie linéaire / Galaxies are observational probes to study the Large Scale Structure. Their gravitational motions are tracers of the total matter density and therefore of the Large Scale Structure. Besides, studies of structure formation and galaxy evolution rely on numerical cosmological simulations. Still, only one universe observable from a given position, in time and space, is available for comparisons with simulations. The related cosmic variance affects our ability to interpret the results. Simulations constrained by observational data are a perfect remedy to this problem. Achieving such simulations requires the projects Cosmicflows and CLUES. Cosmicflows builds catalogs of accurate distance measurements to map deviations from the expansion. These measures are mainly obtained with the galaxy luminosity-rotation rate correlation. We present the calibration of that relation in the mid-infrared with observational data from Spitzer Space Telescope. Resulting accurate distance estimates will be included in the third catalog of the project. In the meantime, two catalogs up to 30 and 150 h−1 Mpc have been released. We report improvements and applications of the CLUES’ method on these two catalogs. The technique is based on the constrained realization algorithm. The cosmic displacement field is computed with the Zel’dovich approximation. This latter is then reversed to relocate reconstructed three-dimensional constraints to their precursors’ positions in the initial field. The size of the second catalog (8000 galaxies within 150 h−1 Mpc) highlighted the importance of minimizing the observational biases. By carrying out tests on mock catalogs, built from cosmological simulations, a method to minimize observational bias can be derived. Finally, for the first time, cosmological simulations are constrained solely by peculiar velocities. The process is successful as resulting simulations resemble the Local Universe. The major attractors and voids are simulated at positions approaching observational positions by a few megaparsecs, thus reaching the limit imposed by the linear theory / Die Verteilung der Galaxien liefert wertvolle Erkenntnisse über die großräumigen Strukturen im Universum. Ihre durch Gravitation verursachte Bewegung ist ein direkter Tracer für die Dichteverteilung der gesamten Materie. Die Strukturentstehung und die Entwicklung von Galaxien wird mithilfe von numerischen Simulationen untersucht. Es gibt jedoch nur ein einziges beobachtbares Universum, welches mit der Theorie und den Ergebnissen unterschiedlicher Simulationen verglichen werden muß. Die kosmische Varianz erschwert es, das lokale Universum mit Simulationen zu reproduzieren. Simulationen, deren Anfangsbedingungen durch Beobachtungsdaten eingegrenzt sind (“Constrained Simulations”) stellen eine geeignete Lösung dieses Problems dar. Die Durchführung solcher Simulationen ist das Ziel der Projekte Cosmicflows und CLUES. Im Cosmicflows-Projekt werden genaue Entfernungsmessungen von Galaxien erstellt, welche die Abweichung von der allgemeinen Hubble- Expansion abbilden. Diese Messungen werden hauptsächlich aus der Korrelation zwischen Leuchtkraft und Rotationsgeschwindigkeit von Spiralgalaxien gewonnen. In dieser Arbeit wird die Kalibrierung dieser Beziehung im mittleren Infrarot mithilfe von Daten vom Spitzer Space Telescope vorgestellt. Diese neuen Entfernungsbestimmungen werden im dritten Katalog des Cosmicflows Projekts enthalten sein. Bisher wurden zwei Kataloge veröffentlicht, mit Entfernungen bis zu 30 beziehungsweise 150 h−1 Mpc. In dieser Arbeit wird die CLUESMethode auf diese zwei Kataloge angewendet und Verbesserungen warden vorgestellt und diskutiert. Zunächst wird das kosmische Verschiebungsfeld mithilfe der Zeldovich-Näherung bestimmt. In umgekehrter Richtung kann man damit die aus heutigen Beobachtungsdaten rekonstruierten dreidimensionalen Constraints an ihren Ursprungsort im frühen Universum zurückzuversetzen. Durch den großen Datenumfang des cosmicflows-2 Katalogs (8000 Galaxien bis zu einer Entfernung von 150 h−1 Mpc) ist es besonders wichtig, den Einfluss verschiedener Beobachtungsfehler zu minimieren. Eine für das lokale Universum angepasste Korrekturmethode lässt sich durch die Untersuchung von Mock-Katalogen finden, welche aus kosmologischen Simulationen gewonnen werden. Schließlich stellt diese Arbeit erstmals kosmologische Simulationen vor, die ausschließlich durch Pekuliargeschwindigkeiten eingegrenzt sind. Der Erfolg dieser Methode wird dadurch bestätigt, dass die dadurch erzeugten Simulationen dem beobachteten lokalen Universum sehr ähnlich sind. Die relevanten Attraktoren und Voids liegen in den Simulationen an Positionen, welche bis auf wenige Megaparsec mit den beobachteten Positionen übereinstimmen. Die Simulationen erreichen damit die durch die lineare Theorie gegebene Genauigkeitsgrenze Estimations de distances Vitesses particulières Simulations cosmologiques contraintes Matière noire Univers Local Spatial mid-infrared observations Distance estimates Peculiar velocities Constrained cosmological simulations Dark matter Local Universe Beobachtungen im mittleren Infrarot Abstandsmessungen Pekuliargeschwindigkeiten Kosmologische Simulationen Dunkle Materie Lokales Universum 523
144	Probing Dynamics and Correlations in Cold-Atom Quantum Simulators Geier, Kevin Thomas 21 July 2022 (has links) Cold-atom quantum simulators offer unique possibilities to prepare, manipulate, and probe quantum many-body systems. However, despite the high level of control in modern experiments, not all observables of interest are easily accessible. This thesis aims at establishing protocols to measure currently elusive static and dynamic properties of quantum systems. The experimental feasibility of these schemes is illustrated by means of numerical simulations for relevant applications in many-body physics and quantum simulation. In particular, we introduce a general method for measuring dynamical correlations based on non-Hermitian linear response. This enables unbiased tests of the famous fluctuation-dissipation relation as a probe of thermalization in isolated quantum systems. Furthermore, we develop ancilla-based techniques for the measurement of currents and current correlations, permitting the characterization of strongly correlated quantum matter. Another application is geared towards revealing signatures of supersolidity in spin-orbit-coupled Bose gases by exciting the relevant Goldstone modes. Finally, we explore a scenario for quantum-simulating post-inflationary reheating dynamics by parametrically driving a Bose gas into the regime of universal far-from-equilibrium dynamics. The presented protocols also apply to other analog quantum simulation platforms and thus open up promising applications in the field of quantum science and technology. / I simulatori quantistici ad atomi freddi offrono possibilità uniche per preparare, manipolare e sondare sistemi quantistici a molti corpi. Tuttavia, nonostante l'alto livello di controllo raggiunto negli esperimenti moderni, non tutte le osservabili di interesse sono facilmente accessibili. Lo scopo di questa tesi è quello di stabilire protocolli per misurare delle proprietà statiche e dinamiche dei sistemi quantistici attualmente inaccessibili. La fattibilità sperimentale di questi schemi è illustrata mediante simulazioni numeriche per applicazioni rilevanti nella fisica a molti corpi e nella simulazione quantistica. In particolare, introduciamo un metodo generale per misurare le correlazioni dinamiche basato su una risposta lineare non hermitiana. Ciò consente test imparziali della famosa relazione fluttuazione-dissipazione come sonda di termalizzazione in sistemi quantistici isolati. Inoltre, sviluppiamo tecniche basate su ancilla per la misura di correnti e correlazioni di corrente, consentendo la caratterizzazione della materia quantistica fortemente correlata. Un'altra applicazione è orientata a rivelare l'impronta della supersolidità nei gas Bose con accoppiamento spin-orbita eccitando il corrispondente modo di Goldstone. Infine, esploriamo uno scenario per la simulazione quantistica della dinamica di riscaldamento post-inflazione modulando parametricamente un gas Bose e portandolo nel regime della dinamica universale lontana dall'equilibrio. I protocolli presentati si applicano anche ad altre piattaforme di simulazione quantistica analogica e aprono quindi applicazioni promettenti nel campo della scienza e della tecnologia quantistica. / Quantensimulatoren auf Basis ultrakalter Atome eröffnen einzigartige Möglichkeiten zur Präparation, Manipulation und Untersuchung von Quanten-Vielteilchen-Systemen. Trotz des hohen Maßes an Kontrolle in modernen Experimenten sind jedoch nicht alle interessanten Observablen auf einfache Weise zugänglich. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, Protokolle zur Messung aktuell nur schwer erfassbarer statischer und dynamischer Eigenschaften von Quantensystemen zu etablieren. Die experimentelle Realisierbarkeit dieser Verfahren wird durch numerische Simulationen anhand relevanter Anwendungen in der Vielteilchenphysik und Quantensimulation veranschaulicht. Insbesondere wird eine allgemeine Methode zur Messung dynamischer Korrelationen basierend auf der linearen Antwort auf nicht-hermitesche Störungen vorgestellt. Diese ermöglicht unabhängige Tests des berühmten Fluktuations-Dissipations-Theorems als Indikator der Thermalisierung isolierter Quantensysteme. Darüber hinaus werden Verfahren zur Messung von Strömen und Strom-Korrelationen mittels Kopplung an einen Hilfszustand entwickelt, welche die Charakterisierung stark korrelierter Quantenmaterie erlauben. Eine weitere Anwendung zielt auf die Enthüllung spezifischer Merkmale von Supersolidität in Spin-Bahn-gekoppelten Bose-Einstein-Kondensaten ab, indem die relevanten Goldstone-Moden angeregt werden. Schließlich wird ein Szenario zur Quantensimulation post-inflationärer Thermalisierungsdynamik durch die parametrische Anregung eines Bose-Gases in das Regime universeller Dynamik fern des Gleichgewichts erschlossen. Die dargestellten Protokolle lassen sich auch auf andere Plattformen für analoge Quantensimulation übertragen und eröffnen damit vielversprechende Anwendungen auf dem Gebiet der Quantentechnologie. Settore FIS/03 - Fisica della Materia
145	Computational Bayesian techniques applied to cosmology Hee, Sonke January 2018 (has links) This thesis presents work around 3 themes: dark energy, gravitational waves and Bayesian inference. Both dark energy and gravitational wave physics are not yet well constrained. They present interesting challenges for Bayesian inference, which attempts to quantify our knowledge of the universe given our astrophysical data. A dark energy equation of state reconstruction analysis finds that the data favours the vacuum dark energy equation of state $w {=} -1$ model. Deviations from vacuum dark energy are shown to favour the super-negative ‘phantom’ dark energy regime of $w {< } -1$, but at low statistical significance. The constraining power of various datasets is quantified, finding that data constraints peak around redshift $z = 0.2$ due to baryonic acoustic oscillation and supernovae data constraints, whilst cosmic microwave background radiation and Lyman-$\alpha$ forest constraints are less significant. Specific models with a conformal time symmetry in the Friedmann equation and with an additional dark energy component are tested and shown to be competitive to the vacuum dark energy model by Bayesian model selection analysis: that they are not ruled out is believed to be largely due to poor data quality for deciding between existing models. Recent detections of gravitational waves by the LIGO collaboration enable the first gravitational wave tests of general relativity. An existing test in the literature is used and sped up significantly by a novel method developed in this thesis. The test computes posterior odds ratios, and the new method is shown to compute these accurately and efficiently. Compared to computing evidences, the method presented provides an approximate 100 times reduction in the number of likelihood calculations required to compute evidences at a given accuracy. Further testing may identify a significant advance in Bayesian model selection using nested sampling, as the method is completely general and straightforward to implement. We note that efficiency gains are not guaranteed and may be problem specific: further research is needed.
146	Technik und Bildung in der verwissenschaftlichten Lebenswelt Lumila, Minna 02 June 2023 (has links) Die Studie versucht, Husserls Modell einer nicht-wissenschaftlichen Lebenswelt für pädagogische Untersuchungen zum Verhältnis von Technik und Bildung in der verwissenschaftlichen Welt zu öffnen. Sie diskutiert Entwicklungsprobleme der Spätmoderne unter pluralen Fragestellungen und führt Ansätze und Traditionen zusammen, die unterschiedliche Wege zur Weiterentwicklung der modernen Bildungstheorie beschritten haben. Im Zentrum steht die Frage, wie moderne Technik einerseits als lebensweltliche Entfremdung des Menschen problematisiert und andererseits als Produkt menschlicher Freiheit und Weltgestaltung gewürdigt werden kann. In vier Kapiteln werden die methodischen Ansätze und Antworten vorgestellt, die der Philosoph und Pädagoge Eugen Fink (1905–1975), der Philosoph Martin Heidegger (1889–1976), der Philosoph und Erziehungswissenschaftler Theodor Litt (1880–1962) und der Soziologe Helmut Schelsky (1912–1984) auf die Frage nach dem Verhältnis von Bildung und Technik gegeben haben. Im Durchgang durch ihre Positionen wird ein Konzert erarbeitet, dessen Originalität darin liegt, Abstimmungsprobleme von Bildung, Technik und Lebenswelt aus postdualistischer, praxistheoretischer sowie posthumanistischer Perspektive zu thematisieren. / The study attempts to open Husserl's model of a non-scientific lifeworld for pedagogical investigations of the relationship between technology and “Bildung” in the scientific world. It discusses developmental problems of late modernity under plural questions and brings together approaches and traditions that have taken different paths to the further development of modern “Bildungs”-theory. The central question is how modern technology can be problematized on the one hand as the alienation of human beings from the world of life and on the other hand be appreciated as a product of human freedom and the shaping of the world. Four chapters present the methodological approaches and answers that philosopher and educator Eugen Fink (1905–1975), philosopher Martin Heidegger (1889–1976), philosopher and educationalist Theodor Litt (1880–1962), and sociologist Helmut Schelsky (1912–1984) have given to the question of the relationship between education and technology. In the course of their positions, a concert will be developed whose originality lies in addressing the coordination problems of “Bildung” (education), “Technik” (technology) and “Lebenswelt” (lifeworld) from a post-dualist, praxis-theoretical as well as post-humanist perspective. Seinsphänomenologie Sprung Sein Subjekt-Objekt-Differenz Überwindung des Subjekt-Objekt-Schemas Rationalität Überforderung des Rationalen Weltoffenheit Weltoffenheit des Menschen unhintergehbare Lebenswelt Metaphysikkritik abendländische Metaphysik neuzeitliche Metaphysik Seinsvergessenheit certitudo veritas aletheia Menschenzentriertheit Gegenstand Gegenständlichkeit Vergegenständlichung des Seienden Nichtigkeit Mensch als in die Welt Geworfener mundane Kreation des Daseins Mensch als weltbildend Ek-sistenz das Sein den Menschen das Ekstatische des Menschen Vernehmen als Wahrnehmen In-der-Welt-Sein Weltlichkeit des Menschen das Anwesen des Anwesenden Erde Posthumanismus Mensch als ein werdendes Wesen vormoderne Technik handwerkliche Technik poiesis orthotes Technikkritik Bestand Welt als Inventar Bild Meister Eckhart das Ereignis Denken Philosophie ontologische Differenz Posthumanismus Natur zu Kultur Verhältnis von Mensch und Natur Primäre und sekundäre Qualitäten ursprüngliche Lebenswelt transzendentale Lebenswelt Phänomenologie Quantifizierung Entqualifizierung Entsinnlichung Bedeutungsentleerung Edmund Husserl Martin Heidegger Eugen Fink Koexistentialien Arbeit Herrschaft Liebe Tod Spiel Erziehung Erziehung als Beratung Technische Bildung kosmologische Lebenswelt Vielfalt der lebensweltlichen Praxis Fraglichwerden humanistischer Werte Dualismuskritik kosmologische Differenz menschliche Selbstverständigung Lebenslehre Nachdualistische Sozialphänomenologie Ende des humanistischen Menschen Marginalisierung der Welt Krise der allgemeingültigen Leitbilder Erziehung als Beratung Fragegesellschaft Erziehungswissenschaft als Praxistheorie das Wissen als menschliche Möglichkeit techne Fügsamkeit Einfügung Daseinsorientierung verwissenschaftlichte Welt Schöpfertum des Ingenieurs Die kreative Tätigkeit des Technikers Schöpfungskraft des Kosmos Schöpferkraft der menschlichen Freiheit Prinzipielle Unbestimmtheit des Menschen Theodor Litt Umgang Trias von Subjekt-Objekt-Methode antinomische Lebenswelt Mensch-Welt-Verhältnis Pädagogik Unverdrängbarkeit des Umgangs Freiheit der Wissenschaften Segen der Reflexion Umgangshermeneutik Hermeneutik Mit- und Füreinandersein Umgang mit der Natur zwischenmenschlicher Umgang neuzeitliche Rationalität Natur Geist Subjekt Objekt neuzeitliche Produktionsordnung Bildungsbedeutung der Naturwissenschaft Versachlichung des Weltverhältnisses Arbeitswelt Sache Vielfalt der Sinndeutungen Segen der Reflexion gegenständliches Denken rechnende Naturwissenschaft Mittel-Zweck-Relation Ursache-Wirkung-Relation Subjekt-Objekt-Verhältnis Entpersönlichung des Subjekts Formalisierung des Objekts Reflexivität Leiblichkeit Marginalisierung des Menschen Versachlichung des Menschen Mensch als Funktionär Trennung von Ich und Welt Trennung von Natur und Geist Sinnlichkeit Begegnung mit seinesgleichen Verkümmerung des Umgangs leiblich-seelische Totalität Individualität Unmenschlichkeit des Menschen Menschlichkeit des Menschen Selbstentfremdung Antinomie moderner Menschenbildung Selbstbeaufsichtigung Kultivierung des Umgangs Genealogie der modernen Technik Maschinenwelt Geisteswissenschaften Kultivierung von Sinnvielfalt Menschenwissenschaft Wissenschaften vom Außermenschlichen Schutz der Menschlichkeit Zwängen der Produktionsordnung Bildung als Sacharbeit Helmut Schelsky metaphysische Dauerreflexion Absterben des Staates technischer Staat metaphysischer Nihilismus wissenschaftliche Zivilisation Reales Weltbürgertum Spezialgelehrtentum Fachgelehrtentum Sachzwang Freiheit Sachgesetzlichkeiten Offenheit menschlicher Sinnentwürfe Selbstentfremdung des Menschen wissenschaftlich-technische Zivilisation Objektivierung des Menschen Naturzwang Produktionszwang Sachlogik der technischen Zivilisation Bildung durch Wissenschaft jene Freiheit einer offenen Zukunft Verwissenschaftlichung aller Praxis Vergesellschaftung der Wissenschaft Vergesellschaftung der Universität Wissenschaftlichkeit der Technik Mensch als Wissenschaft und als Arbeit Erziehung zur Wissenschaftlichkeit Überwindung der Wissenschaft Bildung als Ermöglichung von Freiheit Vielfalt des Daseins Grenzen wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnis Synthese der Wissenschaften Fragmentierte Produktion des Menschen Sozialwissenschaften Joachim Ritter Mnemosyne Kompensation von Geschichtslosigkeit Gedächtnis historische Lebenswelt Michel Foucault Genealogische Rekonstruktion Friedrich Nietzsche Aktiver Nihilismus Dietrich Benner Negativität Nicht-Affirmativität Praxeologie Malte Brinkmann fragmentarischer Charakter des Menschen Dualismus-Kritik Egon Schütz Anthropologischer Zirkel C. P. Snow Erziehung und Bildung Technik Lebenswelt Verwissenschaftlichte Lebenswelt Lebenswelt als eine kritische Kategorie phenomenology of being leap being subject-object difference overcoming the subject-object schema rationality openness to the world metaphysical critique occidental metaphysics modern metaphysics Forgetfulness of being certitudo veritas aletheia human-centeredness object objectivity objectification of being nothingness mundane creation of existence human being as world-forming ek-sistence the ecstatic of the human being being-in-the-world worldliness of the human being the presence of the present posthumanism human being as a becoming being pre-modern technology poiesis orthotes critique of technology world as inventory image Meister Eckhart the event thinking philosophy ontological difference posthumanism nature to culture relationship between human and nature Primary and secondary qualities original lifeworld transcendental lifeworld phenomenology quantification de-qualification de-sensualisation coexistentials education education as counselling technical education cosmological lifeworld diversity of lifeworld practice questioning of humanistic values critique of dualism cosmological difference human self-understanding post-dualistic social phenomenology end of humanistic human being marginalisation of the world production of human being by human being education as counselling knowledge as human possibility techne existential orientation scientised world creative activity of the technician creative power of the cosmos creative power of human freedom Umgang triad of subject-object method dual of natural sciences and humanities antinomic lifeworld Umgang as a basis for modern education pedagogy resistance of Umgang to ideologies defense of democracy against fascism phenomenological motifs of Theodor Litt hermeneutics being with and for one another nature spirit subject object modern order of production objectification of world relations diversity of interpretations of meaning cause and effect subject-object relationship depersonalisation of the subject reflexivity marginalisation of the human being objectification of the human being the human being as a functionary separation of the I and the world separation of nature and spirit individuality inhumanity of the human being humanity of the human being self-alienation antinomy of modern education genealogy of the modern technology humanities cultivation of multiplicity of meaning human science advisory function of human science protection of humanity reflection death of the state technical state metaphysical nihilism scientific civilisation real cosmopolitanism specialised scholarship human being in scientific civilisation freedom scientific marginalisation of the world openness of human possibilities loss of function of the humanities self-alienation of the human being scientific-technical civilisation objectification of the human being compulsory production education in scientific civilisation fragmented production of human being Mnemosyne memory historical lifeworld active nihilism genealogical reconstruction negativity non-affirmativity praxeology fragmentary character of the human being critique of dualism anthropological circle education (Bildung) technology technical education lifeworld scientified lifeworld lifeworld as a critical category human being as thrown into the world crisis of universally valid values creatorship of the engineer 370 Bildung und Erziehung DF 3000 ddc:370

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