Black gay male identities and their place within the social hierarchy are organized by interlocking systems of race, sexuality, gender and class. This produces the social marginality of black gay men in seemingly neutral ways. Prominent features of this systemic oppression are stock stories of black gay life that construct black gay men as pathological, dangerous, conflicted, inauthentically black, emasculated, and heretical within public and academic discourses. In order to better understand these dynamics and add to the empirical literature on race/sexuality intersections, fifty-two men identifying themselves as black/African American and as having relationships with other men, participated in semi-structured one-on-one interviews which explored their accounts of the structural arrangements, social interactions, and cultural meaning systems that defined the experience of being both black and gay in America. These interviews revealed that black gay men construct rich and complex counter narratives which not only expose the complex structural arrangements, cultural practices and racial ideologies that produce their marginality, but also remediate black gay manhood as part of the black diaspora. These narrative challenges illuminated discursive, performative and cultural practices, as well as social interactions occurring in three areas of the men‘s lives. First, were strategic uses of a hegemonic masculine form I call the "Super Black Man" (SBM) by which the men counteract the heteronormative, and hypermasculine prerequisites of respectable black masculinity, and represent themselves as racially-conscious and respectable black men. Participants also constructed narrative challenges to those cultural repertoires produced by the black church which organize the dominant scripts of black, Christian identity. These accounts were distinguished by the academic resources they utilized to re-theorize the relationship between Christian faith and the black body, confront the white racial framing and heteronormative assumptions embedded in church doctrine, and transform their outsider status within these communities. Finally participants‘ narratives also illustrate multiple dimensions by which a black racial framing organizes their experiences as black gay men, and their connection to black communities. These negotiations suggest the need to theorize race/sexuality intersections as having both structural and interpretative dimensions and to see the intersection of race and culture as complicating the manifestation of racial inequality.

Over the past two millennia, dominant Western narratives of the Persian Wars have established a problematic East-West binary in which Greece is represented as a defender of democracy whose improbable victory over the Persians laid the foundation for the development of Western civilization and the Persians are represented as a power hungry, totalitarian “Other” determined to subjugate all whom they encounter. Frank Miller’s graphic novel, 300, and its subsequent film adaptations, 300, and 300: Rise of an Empire (collectively referred to as the 300 franchise) have reinforced and contributed new problematic elements to the dominant Persian War narratives with contemporary visual representations of key historical figures, locations, and events as they pertain to the conflict. In this thesis I conduct a visual rhetorical analysis of the 300 franchise to identify and explain its problematic visual representational tactics for both the Greeks and Persians. Next, I conduct a visual rhetorical analysis of a non-Western Persian Wars counter-narrative, Ramin Abhari’s Xerxes Speaks. Throughout my analysis of Xerxes Speaks I identify instances in which the counter-narrative addresses 300’s problematic representations of the East as “Other.” I conclude by discussing the importance of critiquing visual representations in order to continue to disrupt dominant Western Persian War narratives and subsequently try to establish a currently marginalized Persian perspective on the Persian Wars.

Due to medical advances, there has been an increased number of burn survivors, thus creating a dire need for research on burn recovery. As 70% of burn-injured patients are male, it is especially important to examine how men understand healing from a burn injury. One way to explore this is by investigating men’s stories of healing because it is through and by the experiential space of narrative that individuals are provided with the tools to reflect on and find meaning from their experiences of burn injuries. This thesis examined narratives men constructed about healing from a burn injury. Adult men with 0.5 – 30% total body surface area burned were recruited for an in-depth semi-structured interview, two to fifty-two weeks post-injury. Narrative analysis of the transcripts revealed that men principally constructed a dominant narrative that involved wanting to return to a life that was “normal” as soon as possible. I argue that these stories are indicative of a restitution storyline, that is, they follow a plotline in which the men view themselves as being temporarily injured but soon recovered. I then explore how agency, or more specifically, how agentic behaviours facilitate these narratives about men returning to their pre-injury selves. Men also constructed narratives about boredom, grief and regrets at the same time as the restitution narratives. These narratives indicated distress because they were counter to the stories that the men wanted to construct. The discussion contextualizes the men’s restitution narratives in terms of masculine socialization, and considers the role of agency in informing narrative plotlines. Lastly, recommendations to health care providers who treat men that have survived a burn injury are provided.

Due to medical advances, there has been an increased number of burn survivors, thus creating a dire need for research on burn recovery. As 70% of burn-injured patients are male, it is especially important to examine how men understand healing from a burn injury. One way to explore this is by investigating men’s stories of healing because it is through and by the experiential space of narrative that individuals are provided with the tools to reflect on and find meaning from their experiences of burn injuries. This thesis examined narratives men constructed about healing from a burn injury. Adult men with 0.5 – 30% total body surface area burned were recruited for an in-depth semi-structured interview, two to fifty-two weeks post-injury. Narrative analysis of the transcripts revealed that men principally constructed a dominant narrative that involved wanting to return to a life that was “normal” as soon as possible. I argue that these stories are indicative of a restitution storyline, that is, they follow a plotline in which the men view themselves as being temporarily injured but soon recovered. I then explore how agency, or more specifically, how agentic behaviours facilitate these narratives about men returning to their pre-injury selves. Men also constructed narratives about boredom, grief and regrets at the same time as the restitution narratives. These narratives indicated distress because they were counter to the stories that the men wanted to construct. The discussion contextualizes the men’s restitution narratives in terms of masculine socialization, and considers the role of agency in informing narrative plotlines. Lastly, recommendations to health care providers who treat men that have survived a burn injury are provided.

Social studies teachers in the United States are often unprepared or hesitant to teach about race and racism. This is especially true among White teachers. If teachers are to teach American history, they must be prepared to teach about race and racism, starting with the construction of race in Colonial America and continuing to emphasize the prevalence of racism throughout American history and today. This dissertation was a critical participatory action research study of two White teachers who tried to improve their teaching about race, racism, and slavery in Colonial America in the context of a White Jewish private middle school. The study asked how the teachers collaborated, how their unit changed over two years, and how student responses changed. Data were collected through interviews with teachers and students, during recorded teacher planning meetings, through classroom observations, and by collecting classroom artifacts. Qualitative analysis through the lens of Critical Race Theory led to a few major findings. The teachers collaborated through a spiraling process of reflection, learning, pooling information, drafting new plans, and iterating on the unit. Their working relationship was characterized by their complementary skill sets and trust in each other’s critiques and work. The unit changed to include more about the resistance of enslaved people and the construction and institutionalization of racism in early America. They also learned to create a classroom environment that was more trusting, supported more productive discussion about race and racism, and dealt more effectively with challenging comments about race. Student responses also changed. In Year 2, students recalled more examples of resistance, more strongly emphasized the importance of understanding institutional racism, and utilized prior knowledge about antisemitism to discuss racism more productively. These findings led to recommendations about teaching about race and racism, teacher learning, and future research.

A holistic approach to Counter Violent Extremism (CVE) in the Internet Environment and Social Media is essential. This thesis focuses on gender and context consideration in online approaches to CVE through use of a literature review and samples of online counter-narrative campaigns. This has led to determination of the extent to which gender and context have been considered in online approaches to CVE and identifying what they mean for CVE online, while highlighting full participation of women in online approaches that are aimed at countering violent extremism as well as the critical role of contextual factors in online approaches to CVE. In addition, the thesis shows that more research is needed to fill the gaps identified. These gaps are the role of women in online CVE campaigns as well as contextual factors that are associated to violent extremism. More so, online narratives should be all rounded since this study found that CVE narratives have failed to identify a predictable psychosocial trajectory to explain de-radicalization processes that are crucial to disengage radicals.

abstract: Over 150 years since the abolition of slavery, African Americans still lack equal access to education and other quality of life markers. However, a slow increase in African American students pursuing and obtaining higher education demonstrates the progress of African American academic success. Although still not at an equitable level, this progress, and the voices of success are often muted by the majoritarian narrative of African American student failure. This research focuses on African American student success and examines the specific socio-cultural characteristics and processes that shape the ways in which African American students develop their own counter-narratives to persist and gain access to higher education. This study utilizes narrative inquiry in the form of interviews, artifacts collection and student-drawn identity maps to understand the factors that influence the development of counter-narratives. The primary research questions included: What narratives did African American students tell themselves to help them persist in school, attain a high school diploma and pursue higher education? How did they develop their narratives? How did their narratives influence their educational experiences? Five African American students who attended an elite public university in the southwest United States participated in four to five interviews ranging from six to ten hours in total. Through the analysis of their stories, the importance of culture and context were clear. Specifically their social support systems including their parents, siblings, teachers and mentors, significantly influenced their identity development and human agency. The findings also point to a critical path forward: if society commits to supporting African American student success, then shine a light on stories of persistence and potential rather than shortcomings and failures. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Educational Leadership and Policy Studies 2016

Submitted by Simone Maisonave (simonemaisonave@hotmail.com) on 2014-11-13T18:31:54Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Santa Julia da Silva_Dissertação.pdf: 2350054 bytes, checksum: fced04794195b7afe1ff6026a60d14b6 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-13T18:31:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Santa Julia da Silva_Dissertação.pdf: 2350054 bytes, checksum: fced04794195b7afe1ff6026a60d14b6 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-26 / Sem bolsa / Este estudo aborda numa perspectiva antropológica, a trajetória política e intelectual de Oliveira Silveira considerando um intelectual contemporâneo com uma significativa contribuição para a atualização do pensamento social brasileiro, por meio da elaboração de contranarrativas sobre a presença negra no país. As múltiplas frentes de atuação de Oliveira Silveira impulsionam a refletir sobre os atravessamentos identitários por meio dos quais este se constitui na pessoa-personagem narrada pelos interlocutores dessa pesquisa. Tomando como aporte as discussões que procuram atualizar o campo antropológico em termos teórico-metodológico, este trabalho se inspira na perspectiva de Sahlins (1990), Turner (2005) e Gonçalves (2010), autores que pensam a relação entre ação e estrutura, bem como a relação entre esquemas culturais prévios e as apropriações que os sujeitos fazem deles. Incorpora-se a perspectiva de Said (1993) que discute o papel do intelectual na sociedade contemporânea. Busca-se nos estudos pós-coloniais elementos convergentes para situar Oliveira Silveira como intelectual diaspórico e como portador de uma identidade híbrida representada pela articulação conjunta de sua identidade regional e de sua identidade negra. O estudo procura descrever os deslocamentos vivenciados por Oliveira Silveira tanto no sentido geográfico como sentido simbólico. Este foi o proponente do Vinte de Novembro como data de maior significado para a história negra do país, sendo também atuante em organizações negras, tais como: clubes sociais negros, escolas de samba, congadas. Além disso, organizou vários grupos de ativismo político na capital, o primeiro deles, o Grupo Palmares e depois o Grupo Semba, Razão Negra, Revista Tição e Associação Negra de Cultura. Todas as organizações lideradas por Oliveira Silveira se destinavam, simultaneamente, à luta política e à promoção da cultura negra. Essa dissertação se propõe a apresentar o percurso etnográfico percorrido para apreender como diferentes pessoas, que conviveram com Oliveira Silveira em diferentes momentos compreenderam, significaram e valorizaram a trajetória deste intelectual e ativista. A partir da proposta de etnografia multisituada de George Marcus (1994), a pesquisa procurou identificar a forma como cada interlocutor(a) elaborou sua percepção e interpretação a respeito da trajetória de Oliveira Silveira, convertendo-as em narrativas. / The presuppositions of this study address the political and intellectual trajectory of Oliveira Silveira based on an anthropological perspective. This study takes into consideration that he is a contemporary intellectual that provides a meaningful contribution to the update of the Brazilian social thought, through the presentation of counter-narratives related to the black presence in the country. The many places that Oliveira Silveira occupies stimulated the reflection about the identity crossings from which he is constituted in the person-character, narrated by his interlocutors.Taking as a guide to the discussions that focus on updating the anthropological field in theoretical-methodological terms, it was adopted in this study the perspectives of Sahlins (1990), Tunner (2005) e Gonçalves (2010), authors that think the relation between action and structure, as well as the place of the individual in the cultural life. In this study, it was incorporated the perspective of Said (1993) who discusses the role of the contemporary intellectual. Studies on convergent elements of the post-colonial period were also consulted in order to place Oliveira Silveira as a diasporic intellectual with a hybrid identity represented though the simultaneous articulation of his regional and black identity. In this study, it is intended to describe this displacement lived by Oliveira Silveira in the physical as well as in the symbolic way. This was the proponent of November twentieth as the date of greatest meaning to the black history of the country, being also active in black organizations, such as: clubs, samba schools and congadas. Besides, he has organized many groups in the capital, the first of them, the group Palmares and after the group Semba, Razão Negra, Revista Tição and Associação Negra de Cultura. All these organizations were lead by Oliveira Silveira and aimed at the political fight and to the promotion of the black culture. These dissertations aim at showing how different people, at different moments, understood, made sense and valued the intellectual trajectory of this activist. The choice of the topic of this study brings, a priori in an implicit way, the observation of the meaningful role played by Oliveira Silveira. This research aimed at identifying how each one chose to narrate their perception and comprehension related to the trajectory of Oliveira Silveira.

[pt] A presente dissertação tem como objetivo fazer uma conexão entre mídia e literatura. Busca-se estudar o tipo de mediação a que a revista Caros Amigos se propõe e a oscilação de seus textos entre jornalismo e literatura. Para tal foram selecionadas as publicações de setembro de 2001 a abril de 2002, período de significativo êxito da revista, que vai do fatídico 11 de setembro - data marcada pelo atentado ao World Trade Center - até o aniversário de cinco anos do periódico. O período marca um retorno do discurso humanístico e ao tratamento subjetivo dos assuntos, à margem, portanto, do que se acredita ser a objetividade dos mass midia, ao mesmo tempo em que tenta desvendar o mistério sobre o responsável pelo atentado, semelhante ao que a literatura é capaz de fazer através de contra-narrativas que revelam a força fictícia do discurso. / [en] The present dissertation aims to make a conexion between media and literature. It aims to study how is doing the approach practiced in the magazine Caros Amigos, for its articles are in between journalism and literature. In order to achieve it the issues from September 2001 until April 2002 were focused. Such an important moment to the magazine period that includes the tragic September 11th - the attack to the World Trade Center - till the 5th anniversary of the periodical. The event marks the return of the humanistic discourse. The periodical under this study deals with the events in a very subjective manner, therefore keeping its discourse aside the objectve mass media`s purpose. While it tries to unravel the mystery of the one who is to blame for the attempt in such a way the literature can achieve by its counter-narratives that construct the ficticious force of the discourse.

[ES] Este trabajo estudia las contranarrativas visuales a modo de inscripciones y los borramientos que aparecen en el espacio público, durante el estallido social en Chile, iniciado el día 18 de octubre de 2019, en dos hitos del centro urbano de Santiago de Chile: Plaza Dignidad, donde se encuentra emplazada la escultura del general Manuel Baquedano y el Centro Cultural Gabriela Mistral [GAM]. El propósito se centra en la interpretación de las inscripciones, sus connotaciones y el cómo resignifican el espacio público. El capítulo 1, da cuenta de las inscripciones como contranarrativas en el espacio público, su contextualización histórica de movimientos artísticos y sociales que han sido incluidos como sustrato investigativo para la elaboración y desarrollo del presente estudio. El capítulo 2, se enfoca en el análisis de una intervención con paste-up de 11 folios realizada por el mismo autor, en los muros del Centro Cultural Gabriela Mistral (GAM) los cuales fueron intervenidos por los transeúntes, dando cuenta de una interpretación y discusión acerca de una serie de preguntas que se formulan en los folios. El capítulo 3, se centra en el análisis e interpretación de las inscripciones realizadas a la escultura del general Manuel Baquedano, en Plaza Dignidad, analizando las intervenciones y acciones de iconoclasia que se realizaron en la escultura durante el estallido social. El foco está puesto en el análisis de su materialidad, contenido icónico, imaginarios sociales y contradiscursos. El capítulo 4, se inicia con el grupo C.A.D.A, e incluye la intersección entre arte y espacio público durante la dictadura militar chilena. Sé suma al estudio, la revisión 3 colectivos y un artista que realizaron diversas intervenciones a modo de inscripciones durante el estallido social en Chile en 2019. Finalmente, en el capítulo 5 se discuten e integran los planteamientos en relación a las contranarrativas en el espacio público, y como las manifestaciones de "artivismo" aparecen y se diferencian, generando una narrativa específica durante el estallido social. / [CA] Aquest treball estudia les *contranarrativas visuals a manera d'inscripcions i els *borramientos que apareixen en l'espai públic, durant l'esclat social a Xile, iniciat el dia 18 d'octubre de 2019, en dues fites del centre urbà de Santiago de Xile: Plaza Dignitat, on està emplaçada l'escultura del general Manuel *Baquedano i el Centre Cultural Gabriela Mistral [*GAM]. El propòsit se centra en la interpretació de les inscripcions, les seues connotacions i el com resignifiquen l'espai públic. El capítol 1, dona compte de les inscripcions com *contranarrativas en l'espai públic, la seua contextualització històrica de moviments artístics i socials que han sigut inclosos com a substrat *investigativo per a l'elaboració i desenvolupament del present estudi. El capítol 2, s'enfoca en l'anàlisi d'una intervenció amb pasture-*up d'11 folis realitzada pel mateix autor, en els murs del CENTRE CULTURAL GABRIELA MISTRAL, *GAM, els quals van ser intervinguts pels transeünts, donant compte d'una interpretació i discussió sobre una sèrie de preguntes que es formulen en els folis. El capítol 3, se centra en l'anàlisi i interpretació de les inscripcions realitzades a l'escultura del general Manuel *Baquedano, en Plaza *Dignidad, analitzant les intervencions i accions de *iconoclasia que es van realitzar en l'escultura durant l'esclat social. El focus està posat en l'anàlisi de la seua materialitat, contingut icònic, imaginaris socials i *contradiscursos. El capítol 4, s'inicia amb el grup C.A.D.A, i inclou la intersecció entre art i espai públic durant la dictadura militar xilena. Sé suma a l'estudi, la revisió 3 col·lectius i un artista que van realitzar diverses intervencions a manera d'inscripcions durant l'esclat social a Xile en 2019. Finalment, en el capítol 5 es discuteixen i integren els plantejaments en relació a les *contranarrativas en l'espai públic, i com les manifestacions de *artivismo" apareixen i es diferencien, generant una narrativa específica durant l'esclat social. / [EN] This work studies the visual counternarratives in the form of inscriptions and erasures that appear in public space, during the social outbreak in Chile, which began on October 18, 2019, in two landmarks in the urban center of Santiago de Chile: Plaza Dignidad, where the sculpture of General Manuel Baquedano and the Gabriela Mistral Cultural Center [GAM] are located. The purpose is focused on the interpretation of the inscriptions, their connotations and how they give new meaning to the public space. Chapter 1, gives an account of the inscriptions as counter-narratives in the public space, its historical contextualization of artistic and social movements that have been included as a research substrate for the elaboration and development of the present study. Chapter 2 focuses on the analysis of an 11-page paste-up intervention carried out by the same author, on the walls of the GABRIELA MISTRAL CULTURAL CENTER, GAM, which were intervened by passers-by, giving an account of an interpretation and discussion about a series of questions that are formulated in the pages. Chapter 3 focuses on the analysis and interpretation of the inscriptions made on the sculpture of General Manuel Baquedano, in Plaza Dignidad, analyzing the interventions and actions of iconoclasm that were carried out on the sculpture during the social outbreak. The focus is placed on the analysis of its materiality, iconic content, social imaginaries and counter-discourses. Chapter 4 begins with the C.A.D.A group, and includes the intersection between art and public space during the Chilean military dictatorship. Be added to the study, the review of 3 groups and an artist who carried out various interventions in the form of inscriptions during the social outbreak in Chile in 2019. Finally, in chapter 5 the approaches in relation to counter-narratives in public space are discussed and integrated, and how the manifestations of "artivism" appear and differ, generating a specific narrative during the social outbreak. / Riquelme Loyola, M. (2023). Lo que aparece en la calle: contranarrativas visuales durante el estallido social en Santiago de Chile 2019, en Plaza Dignidad y en el Centro Cultural Gabriela Mistral [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/198564