Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T14:01:54Z No. of bitstreams: 5 2.pdf: 1355294 bytes, checksum: 9086c9df4915c340a9a61b61dd236b86 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-10T11:34:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 2.pdf: 1355294 bytes, checksum: 9086c9df4915c340a9a61b61dd236b86 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-10T11:34:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 2.pdf: 1355294 bytes, checksum: 9086c9df4915c340a9a61b61dd236b86 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do uso de composto org?nico de ind?stria de fia??o e tecelagem sobre a qualidade do substrato e crescimento de esp?cies arb?reas do cerrado em uma cascalheira no munic?pio de Diamantina, MG. A disserta??o foi estruturada em quatro cap?tulos. O primeiro refere-se ? revis?o bibliogr?fica visando o entendimento dos conceitos que foram abordados no estudo. No segundo capitulo, a influ?ncia do composto no substrato foi avaliada por meio das altera??es nos atributos qu?micos (pH, mat?ria org?nica (MO), soma de bases (SB), CTC, satura??o por bases (V), f?sforo (P), pot?ssio (K), c?lcio (Ca2+), magn?sio (Mg2+), acidez troc?vel (Al3+), acidez potencial (H + Al) e satura??o por alum?nio (m)) e f?sicos (resist?ncia mec?nica a penetra??o (Rp) e granulometria) do substrato. Foi avaliada tamb?m a atividade microbiana: carbono da biomassa microbiana (CBM) respira??o microbiana (C-CO2) e quociente metab?lico (qCO2) ap?s aplica??o de cinco tratamentos: sem aplica??o de composto org?nico e diferentes concentra??es 0,0; 4,5; 9,0; 18,0 e 36,0 g dm-3 por cova. O delineamento foi sistem?tico tipo ?leque? sendo os tratamentos dispostos em tr?s blocos casualizados. A adi??o do composto proporcionou o aumento nos valores de pH, MO, SB, CTC, V e nutrientes (P, K, Ca2+ e Mg2+) e promoveu a redu??o de Al3+, H + Al e m. O substrato minerado apresentou valores elevados de Rp indicando a compacta??o na ?rea degradada pela extra??o de cascalho, mesmo ap?s a aplica??o do composto. A adi??o de doses crescentes do composto promoveu o aumento significativo de CBM e C-CO2 ao substrato minerado. O maior valor de qCO2 indicou efici?ncia da biomassa microbiana com a incorpora??o das menores doses do composto ao substrato quando comparado ao controle. O terceiro cap?tulo refere-se ao estudo do crescimento das esp?cies nativas Kielmeyera lathrophyton Saddi (Pau santo), Plathymenia reticulata Benth (Vinh?tico), Dalbergia miscolobium Benth (Jacarand? do cerrado) e Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth (Sucupira-preta) plantadas em delineamento sistem?tico tipo ?leque? submetidas a cinco tratamentos: sem aplica??o de composto org?nico e diferentes doses de composto 0,0; 4,5; 9,0; 18,0 e 36,0 g dm-3 por cova dispostos em tr?s blocos casualizados. Ap?s 12 meses, verificou-se que n?o houve diferen?a significativa entre os tratamentos para sobreviv?ncia e incremento em altura, di?metro e cobertura de copa para cada esp?cie. Ainda, de forma preliminar foi poss?vel determinar que a adi??o de 4,5 g dm-3 de composto na cova proporcionou maiores valores de incremento em altura, di?metro e cobertura de copa para Plathymenia reticulata e Bowdichia virgilioides. No quarto cap?tulo, foi realizado o plantio em linha de Chamaecrista debilis submetida a quatro tratamentos, 0,0; 30,0; 60,0 e 120,0 g dm-3 de composto como adubo por cova, dispostos em tr?s blocos casualizados. Os resultados indicaram que n?o houve diferen?a significativa entre as doses de composto aplicado para incremento em altura, di?metro e cobertura de copa. O maior valor de incremento em altura e cobertura de copa ocorreu sem a adi??o de composto de res?duo org?nico de ind?stria de fia??o e tecelagem e para di?metro com a aplica??o de 60,0 g dm-3, no entanto, ? necess?ria a realiza??o de avalia??es futuras. A taxa de sobreviv?ncia apresentou decr?scimo significativo com a aplica??o das maiores dosagens de composto org?nico. A esp?cie Chamaecrista debilis apresentou caracter?sticas importantes para recupera??o de ?rea degradada, como r?pido crescimento e produ??o de biomassa. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT The objective of the work was to evaluate the effect of the use of composed of organic residue spinning industry and weaving on the quality of the substratum and growth of arboreal species of the thicket in a gravol-pit in the municipality of Diamantina, MG. The dissertation was structured in four chapters. Being the first, regarding the bibliographical revision seeking the understanding of the concepts and theoretical questions of what was borded in the study. In the second I chapter, the influence of the compound in the substratum was evaluated through the alterations in the chemical attributes (pH, organic matter (MO), sum of bases (SB), CTC, saturation for bases (V), match (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), exchangeable acidity (Al3+), potential acidity (H + Al) and saturation for aluminum (m)) and physical (mechanical resistance the penetration (Rp) and texture) of the substratum. As well as in the microbial activity of the same: carbon of the microbial biomass (CBM) microbial breathing (C-CO2) and metabolic quotient (qCO2) after application of five treatments: without application of organic composition and different concentrations 0; 4,5; 9,0; 18,0 and 36,0 g dm-3 for hole. The delineation was systematic type "fan" being the treatments disposed in three blocks unexpected. The addition of the compound stimulated the increase in the pH values, MO, SB, CTC, V and nutritious (P, K, Ca2+ and Mg2+) and it promoted the reduction of Al3+, H + Al and m. The mined substratum presented high values of Rp indicating the compactation in the area degraded by the gravel extraction, even after the application of the composed. The addition of growing doses of the compound promoted the significant increase of CBM and C-CO2 to the mined substratum. The largest qCO2 value indicated efficiency of the microbial biomass with the incorporation of the smallest dosages of the compound to the substratum when compared to the control. The third chapter, refers to the study of the growth of the native species Kielmeyera lathrophyton Saddi (sacred Wood), Plathymenia reticulata Benth (Vinh?tico), Dalbergia miscolobium Benth (Jacaranda of the Thicket) and Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth (Sucupira-black) planted in delineation systematic type " fan " submitted to five treatments: without application of organic composition and different doses of compound 0,0; 4,5; 9,0; 18,0 and 36,0 g dm-3 for hole disposed in three blocks unexpected. After 12 months, it was verified that there was not significant difference among the treatments for survival and increment in height, diameter and top covering for each species. Still, in a preliminary way it was possible to determine that the addition of 45 g dm-3 of compound of organic residue of textile industry in the hole stimulated larger increment values in height, diameter and top covering for Plathymenia reticulata and Bowdichia virgilioides. In the fourth chapter, the planting was made in line of Chamaecrista debilis submitted to four treatments, 0,0; 30,0; 60,0 and 120,0 g dm-3 compound dm-3 as fertilizer for hole, disposed in three blocks inexpected. The results indicated that there was not significant difference among compound applied for increment in height and diameter. The largest increment value in height and diameter happened without the addition and with the application of 60,0 g dm-3 of compound of organic residue of textile industry, however it is necessary the accomplishment of future evaluations. The survival rate presented significant decrease with the application of the largest doses of organic compund. The species Chamaecrista debilis presented important characteristics for recovery of degraded area, as fast growth and biomass production.

Na ficha catalogr?fica e resumos consta o t?tulo: "Vegeta??o colonizadora em uma vo?oroca no munic?pio de Gouveia, MG". / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-03-28T19:48:31Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) sandra_titon_custodio.pdf: 2043403 bytes, checksum: 42f78410758b9e7d112c05a2080acb88 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-03-29T12:11:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) sandra_titon_custodio.pdf: 2043403 bytes, checksum: 42f78410758b9e7d112c05a2080acb88 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-29T12:11:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) sandra_titon_custodio.pdf: 2043403 bytes, checksum: 42f78410758b9e7d112c05a2080acb88 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento das comunidades vegetais em ?reas degradadas por processos erosivos do tipo vo?oroca, a fim de auxiliar em programas de recupera??o em ?reas degradadas. O m?todo utilizado para a amostragem foi o da interse??o na linha. A ?rea de estudos foi dividida em tr?s setores, de acordo com o porte da vegeta??o e est?gios dos processos erosivos na parte interna da vo?oroca e os setores divididos em estratos: baixada, encosta oeste e encosta leste. Foram registradas 101 esp?cies, divididas em 74 g?neros e 27 fam?lias bot?nicas. As fam?lias Asteraceae e Melastomataceae e os g?neros Baccharis e Miconia foram os mais representativos e o grupo das Samambaias apresentou maiores ?ndices de Frequ?ncia, Cobertura e Valor de Import?ncia. A ?rea apresentou baixa similaridade flor?stica e alta diversidade de esp?cies. Foram registrados maiores porcentagens de esp?cies com s?ndrome de dispers?o zooc?rica, de h?bito arbustivo e forma de vida faner?fita. A an?lise da vegeta??o permite afimar que a ?rea encontra-se em est?gio de sucess?o secund?ria inicial. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / The objective of the present work was to evaluate the behavior of the plant communities in areas degraded by erosive processes - gully type, in order to assist in recovery programs in degraded areas. The method used for sampling was that of the line-intercept. The study area was divided into three sectors, according to vegetation size and stages of the erosive processes in the inner part of the gully and the sectors divided into strata: lowland, west slope and east slope. There were 101 species, divided into 74 genera and 27 botanical families.The families Asteraceae and Melastomataceae and the genera Baccharis and Miconia were the most representative ones and the group of Ferns presented higher Frequency, Coverage and Significance Indices. The area presented low floristic similarity and high species diversity. Higher percentages of species with zoocoric dispersion syndrome, shrub habit and phanerophytic life form were recorded. The analysis of the vegetation allows to emphasize that the area is in the initial secondary succession stage.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:02:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IngridBS.pdf: 826960 bytes, checksum: 43f8a8fb39bab56aac7f96d1ae75273c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-23 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Despite the importance of coral reefs to humanity, these environments have been threatened throughout the world. Several factors contribute to the degradation of these ecosystems. The Maracaja? Reef Complex, in Rio Grande do Norte state is part of the Coral Reefs Environment Preservation Area in northeastern Brazil. This area has been receiving an increasing influx of tourism and the integrity of the local reefs is a matter of concern. In this study, the reef macroalgae communities were studied and compared within two areas distinguished by the presence or absence of tourism activities. Two sample sites were chosen: the first one, where diving activities are intense; and the other, where these practices do not occur. Samples were collected at both sites within a quadrate of 625 cm2 of area randomly thrown 5 times along a 10 meters transect line. Richness, Shannon-Hill diversity and Simpson dominance indices were determined based on biomass data. Similarity between sites was analyzed with Bray-Curtis similarity and distance index. Fifty-eight macroalgae species were observed, including 7 Chlorophyta, 13 Phaeophyta and 38 Rhodophyta. In the non-disturbed site, 49 species were found, while at the disturbed site, there were 42 species. Dictyotaceae and Corallinaceae were the most representative families at the non-disturbed site, and Rhodomelaceae and Dictyotaceae at the disturbed site. The non-disturbed site presented a higher biomass and the greatest richness and diversity indices. In the disturbed site the dominance index was greater and Caulerpa racemosa was the dominant species. The dendogram based on similarity index showed two major clusters, and an isolated element at the center that corresponds to a sample from the disturbed site. In the first cluster, samples from the non-impacted site were predominant and fleshy brown algae were more conspicuous. The second cluster was composed primarily of samples from the impacted site, where C. racemosa and red filamentous and erect calcareous algae associations (turf forming) were observed covering large extensions. These associations are represented by groups of algae adapted to environments where disturbances are frequent. They can grow rapidly on substrate where benthic community was removed and do not allow the establishment of other species. The results of the present study show that tourism activity is an impacting factor that has been causing shifts in macroalgae communities in the Maracaja? Reef Complex / Apesar de toda a import?ncia dos recifes para a humanidade, estes ambientes v?m sendo amea?ados em todo o mundo. Diversos s?o os fatores que podem contribuir para a degrada??o destes ambientes. Os recifes de Maracaja?, na ?rea de Preserva??o Ambiental dos Recifes de Corais, localizada no litoral norte-oriental do Rio Grande do Norte, v?m recebendo um n?mero cada vez maior de turistas, o que est? causando preocupa??es quanto a integridade do local. Neste estudo, as comunidades de macroalgas dos recifes de Maracaja? foram estudadas com a finalidade compara??o entre duas sub?reas diferenciadas pela presen?a/aus?ncia de turistas. Foram estabelecidas duas esta??es de coleta: uma (I) onde as atividades de mergulho praticadas por turistas s?o intensas e outra (II), onde estas pr?ticas n?o ocorrem. Em cada esta??o foi estabelecida transectos de 10 metros, onde foram distribu?dos de forma aleat?ria 5 quadrados (625cm2). O material coletado foi triado, identificado e teve a biomassa quantificada. A partir dos dados de biomassa foram calculados os ?ndices de riqueza, diversidade de Shannon-Hill e domin?ncia de Simpson. A similaridade entre as duas esta??es foi analisada pelo ?ndice de similaridade e dist?ncia de Bray-Curtis. Foram coletadas 58 esp?cies de macroalgas no total, sendo 7 esp?cies de Chlorophyta, 13 esp?cies de Phaeophyta e 38 esp?cies de Rhodophyta. Destas, 49 esp?cies foram encontradas na ?rea n?o impactada e 42 na ?rea impactada. Entre as fam?lias encontradas, as mais representativas na ?rea n?o impactada foram Dictyotaceae e Corallinaceae, e na ?rea impactada, Rhodomelaceae e Dictyotaceae. A ?rea n?o impactada apresentou maior biomassa e os maiores ?ndices de riqueza e diversidade. Na ?rea impactada o ?ndice de domin?ncia foi maior, sendo C. racemosa a esp?cie dominante nesta ?rea. O dendograma formado a partir do ?ndice de similaridade apresentou-se dividido em dois grandes grupos e um elemento isolado ao centro do dendograma, que corresponde a uma amostra da ?rea impactada. No primeiro agrupamento o predom?nio foi de amostras da ?rea n?o impactada, onde as algas pardas foram mais consp?cuas. Este tipo de alga se torna dominante, geralmente, em recifes onde ocorreu a redu??o do n?mero de herb?voros. O segundo agrupamento foi composto por uma maioria de amostras da ?rea impactada, onde C. racemosa e associa??es de algas filamentosas e calc?rias eretas crescendo como tapetes foram encontradas cobrindo grandes extens?es nesta ?rea. Estas associa??es compreenderam grupos de algas adaptadas a ambientes sujeitos a perturba??es freq?entes e, assim como C. racemosa, crescem rapidamente sobre espa?os rec?m desocupados nos recifes, n?o permitindo o estabelecimento de outras esp?cies. Os resultados do presente estudo demonstraram que a atividade tur?stica ? um fator impactante que t?m causado altera??es nas comunidades de macroalgas da ?rea de Preserva??o Ambiental dos Recifes de Corais

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:19:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 NereidaMSMB.pdf: 4489801 bytes, checksum: 5aea35aa405484c6430ca21d742deaa7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-10-15 / This present dissertation has as its aim of study an analysis of the environmental policy and the urban development at the Periperi Hill. Such analysis arose due to concerns related to the disordered occupation in that Hill and also due to the environmental problems caused by this occupation. By opening roads and developing areas for housing and mineral extraction activities, man has altered considerably the landscape natural balance in that hill and caused among other difficulties, grave environmental problems, such as the erosin at the hill coast, deforestation, obstruction and pollution of the Verruga River. Therefore, in 1998 it was decreed by the Municipal Public Power that Periperi Hill became an Environmental Preservation Area with a Unit of Conservation known as Periperi Hill Municipal Park, an environmental policy implemented at the Hill that aims to hinder this occupation and to protect areas that are of great environmental importance to the city. It looking at what is now exposed and aiming to consider the Periperi Hill s environmental policy and the relationship of the occupation process, that this present work has the objective of understanding how the expansion of the city s urban network in Vit?ria da Conquista BA and the mineral activities cause an influence in the process of environmental degradation at the Periperi Hill / Esta disserta??o tem como objeto de estudo a an?lise da pol?tica ambiental e o desenvolvimento urbano na Serra do Periperi. Tal an?lise partiu de preocupa??es concernentes a ocupa??o desordenada na Serra e aos problemas ambientais advindos dessa ocupa??o. Ao construir loteamentos e estradas, e realizar atividades mineradoras o homem alterou consideravelmente o equil?brio natural da paisagem na Serra e ocasionou entre outras coisas, graves problemas ambientais, como a eros?o das encostas da serra, desmatamentos, assoreamento e polui??o do Rio Verruga. Assim em 1998 a Serra do Periperi foi decretada por parte do Poder P?blico Municipal como ?rea de Preserva??o Ambiental com uma Unidade de Conserva??o denominada Parque Municipal da Serra do Periperi essa pol?tica ambiental implementada na Serra visa coibir essa ocupa??o e proteger ?reas que s?o de extrema import?ncia ambiental para a cidade. Diante do exposto, visando refletir sobre a pol?tica ambiental na Serra do Periperi e as rela??es do processo de ocupa??o que o presente trabalho tem o objetivo de compreender como a expans?o da malha urbana da cidade de Vit?ria da Conquista BA e as atividades mineradoras influenciaram nos processos de degrada??o ambiental na Serra do Periperi

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:55:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HenriqueRD_DISSERT.pdf: 2642675 bytes, checksum: dc5266cdb82cb1eb696b408a316b8e91 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-22 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The processes of occupation and evolution of natural environments as a result of a disorderly process of implementing economic practices agrosilvopastoris play today an important role in the degradation process of changing the landscape and natural resources of the semiarid Northeast. The Serra de Santana has natural elements important to the state of Rio Grande do Norte as the source of the Potengi. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the degree of degradation in the municipality of Cerro Cora - RN. We used satellite images Landsat-5 and census data for the year 2008. The method made use of geotechnology which includes land use, NDVI, rainfall, livestock and erodibility in the evaluation of environmental degradation, as well as satellite images of Landsat TM-5, in the years 1984, 1995 and 2008, letters of NDVI, census data regarding the socioeconomic obtained from IBGE. The results showed that the absolute majority in the municipality of Cerro Cora has a low to medium susceptibility, which together represent 63.92% of the municipality, with a regression of disturbed areas and the areas of agriculture, and a recovery of the areas of Caatinga , coming to occupy currently 92% of the municipal territory. A Geographic Information System is indispensable to environmental monitoring of Cerro Cora / RN / Os processos de ocupa??o e evolu??o dos ambientes naturais em decorr?ncia de um processo desordenado de implementa??o de pr?ticas econ?micas agrosilvopastoris, desempenham at? hoje um papel determinante de degrada??o no processo de mudan?a da paisagem e dos recursos naturais do Semi?rido Brasileiro. A Serra de Santana apresenta elementos naturais importantes para o estado do Rio Grande do Norte como a nascente do rio Potengi. Para tanto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o grau de degrada??o no munic?pio de Cerro Cor? - RN. Foram utilizadas imagens de sat?lite Landsat-5 e dados censit?rios referentes ao ano de 2008. Como m?todo fez-se uso de geotecnologias que contemplam uso do solo, NDVI, precipita??o, pecu?ria e erodibilidade na avalia??o da degrada??o ambiental, bem como imagens do sat?lite Landsat TM-5, nos anos de 1984, 1995 e 2008, cartas de NDVI, dados censit?rio referentes ? dados socioecon?micos obtidos no IBGE. Os resultados mostraram que em sua maioria absoluta o munic?pio de Cerro Cor? apresenta uma susceptibilidade de baixa ? m?dia, que juntos representam 63,92% do munic?pio, havendo uma regress?o das ?reas antropizadas e das ?reas de agricultura, e uma recupera??o das ?reas de Caatinga, chegando esta a ocupar atualmente 92% do territ?rio municipal. Um sistema de informa??o Geogr?fica torna-se indispens?vel no monitoramento ambiental de Cerro Cor?/RN

Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-24T20:19:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SebastiaoCJ_DISSERT.pdf: 3305443 bytes, checksum: 12fd9401dd1cf23c4a8b8b849f63f5d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-18 / The human interference in the semiarid region of Serid? Potiguar has promoted the increase of degraded areas. The economic dynamic that was established in the Serid? territory, especially after the fall of the trinomial cattle-cotton-mining in the 70s and 80s of the 20th century as pillars of the regional economy, resulted in an accelerated process of erosion of natural resources. The municipalities of the Serid? region have been spatially reordered by this new economic dynamic, marked by the growth of existing enterprises, and the development of new agricultural practices. One of the municipalities in the region that restructured its territorial space with the emergence of new agro-industrial activities was the town of Parelhas. With the demise of the trinomial cattle-cotton-mining in the 1980s, other productive activities were intensified from the 1990s, amongst them, pottery, responsible for the vegetal extraction for use as energy source. This recent economic and spatial restructuring in the region, reflected in the Parelhense municipal territory, required new productive ingredients responsible for the modification of past production relations that were based on cattle, cotton and mining. By that a process of exploring the environment was unleashed, especially the native vegetation, in an uncontrolled manner. In this context, the objective of this study was to survey and detect deforestation in the areas of Caatinga vegetation, used indiscriminately as energy supply for new agricultural practices, using remote sensing techniques based on the quantification of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index / NDVI, Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index / SAVI, surface temperature and rainfall data in the years 1990 and 2010. The results indicated that SAVI values above 0.2 in 1990 and 2010 represent the areas with the highest density of vegetation that occur exclusively along the major drainages in the town and areas of higher elevations. The areas between the ranges of values from 0.5 to 0.15 SAVI are areas with poor vegetation. On the other hand the highest values of temperature are distributed in the western and southeastern parts of the township, usually in places where the soil is exposed or there is sparse vegetation. The areas of bare soil decreased in extension in 2010 at 11, 6% when related to 1990, this was caused by a higher rainfall intensity in the first half of 2010, but no regeneration of vegetation occurred in some places in the western and southeastern areas of the municipality today, due to the extraction of firewood to fuel the furnaces of industries in town / A interfer?ncia antr?pica na regi?o Semi?rida do Serid? Potiguar vem desencadeando o aumento de ?reas degradadas. A din?mica econ?mica que se estabeleceu no territ?rio seridoense, sobretudo ap?s a queda do trin?mio gado, algod?o e minera??o nas d?cadas de 70 e nas d?cadas de 80 do s?culo XX, como pilares da economia da regi?o, implicaram num acelerado processo de desgaste dos recursos naturais. Os territ?rios municipais da regi?o do Serid? v?m sendo reordenado espacialmente por essa nova din?mica econ?mica, marcada pelo crescimento dos empreendimentos j? existentes, al?m do desenvolvimento de novas atividades agroindustriais. Um dos munic?pios do Serid? potiguar que teve seu espa?o territorial reestruturado com o surgimento de novas atividades agroindustriais foi o de Parelhas. Com a derrocada do trin?mio gado, algod?o e minera??o, na d?cada de 1980, outras atividades produtivas foram intensificadas a partir da d?cada de 1990, dentre elas a ceramista, respons?vel pela extra??o vegetal para utiliza??o como fonte energ?tica. Essa recente reestrutura??o espacial e econ?mica regional, refletida no territ?rio municipal parelhense, tem requerido novos ingredientes produtivos, respons?veis pela modifica??o das rela??es de produ??o pret?ritas que antes eram baseadas na pecu?ria, no algod?o e na minera??o. Com isso, desencadeou-se um processo de explora??o do meio ambiente, em especial da vegeta??o nativa, de forma descontrolada. Nesse contexto o objetivo deste trabalho foi fazer o levantamento e a detec??o do desmatamento das ?reas de vegeta??o de caatinga, usadas indiscriminadamente para o abastecimento energ?tico das novas atividades agroindustriais, utilizando t?cnicas de sensoriamento remoto a partir da quantifica??o do ?ndice de Vegeta??o Diferen?a Normalizada/NDVI, do ?ndice de Vegeta??o Ajustado ao Solo/SAVI, da temperatura da superf?cie e de dados pluviom?tricos nos anos de 1990 e 2010. Os resultados indicaram que os valores de SAVI acima de 0,2 em 1990 e 2010 representam as ?reas com maior densidade de vegeta??o que ocorrem, exclusivamente, ao longo das drenagens principais do munic?pio e nas ?reas de maiores eleva??es. As ?reas que est?o entre os intervalos de valores de SAVI de 0,5 at? 0,15 s?o ?reas com pouca cobertura vegetal. J? os valores mais altos de temperatura distribuem-se na ?rea oeste e sudeste do munic?pio, geralmente em locais onde o solo est? exposto ou possui vegeta??o pouco densa. As ?reas de solo exposto diminu?ram sua extens?o, em 2010, cerca de 11, 6% quando relacionada a 1990, isto foi ocasionado por uma intensidade pluviom?trica maior no primeiro semestre de 2010, por?m n?o houve regenera??o da vegeta??o em alguns locais nas ?reas Oeste e Sudeste do munic?pio nesta data, devido ? extra??o de lenha para abastecer os fornos das ind?strias do munic?pio

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:08:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IracemaMS_ate_cap2.pdf: 1884738 bytes, checksum: 04a372407b9d63ca84991f620a13d93b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-04-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The work concerns on the evolutionary study of the environmental conditions of the coastal area of Guamar?-RN, where was investigated the geo-environmental transformation occourred in this region, whose primordial purpose was to diagnose the changes verified in the temporary space of five decades (1950 to 2001). With the objective of evaluanting the action of the active coastal processes (currents, waves, tides and winds), in order to understand the generating mechanisms of the erosion/sedimentation, evidenced by constant morphologic changes. The adopted methodological procedure consisted of a succession of stages, involving bibliographical and cartographic study, aereal photographs study, digital treatment of images, field work (sample collection, beaches profiles, characterization of the beach environment and morfodynamics), mapping correction and laboratory analyses (granulometry). The evolutionary study of the morphologic features indicated significant variations in the studied period, mainly, in the dunes, sea terraces, variation of the shore line and tidal flat, evidencing the largest transformations in the temporary space between 1988 and 2001. The analyses of the beach profiles showed a sedimentation tendency in the area of the profiles P1, P2 and P3, however in the monitored pediod, it was observed in the referred profiles, erosive and depositionals intervals evidencing a need of more effective monitoring. The results of the granulometric analyses indicate a predominance of mean to coarse sand in the backshore and estirancy area, as in the shoreface, the analyses indicated medium to fine sand. The morfodynamic state, showed that beach of Minhoto is intermediate state, with alternancy to reflective. The areas of larger vulnerability and sensibility are the tidal flat, shore line, barrier island and mobile dunes, that actually is suffering great environmental impact with expansion of the carcinoculture, urban presence and natural impacts (erosion of the shoreline) / O trabalho versa sobre o estudo evolutivo das condi??es ambientais da regi?o costeira de Guamar?-RN, onde foi investigada a transforma??o geoambiental ocorrida nesta regi?o, cuja finalidade primordial foi diagnosticar as mudan?as verificadas no espa?o temporal de cinco d?cadas (1950 a 2000). Com objetivo de avaliar a a??o dos processos costeiros atuantes (correntes, ondas, mar?s e ventos), a fim de compreender os mecanismos geradores da eros?o e sedimenta??o, evidenciadas por constantes mudan?as morfol?gicas. O procedimento metodol?gico adotado consistiu em uma sucess?o de etapas envolvendo levantamento bibliogr?fico e cartogr?fico, fotointerpreta??o, tratamento digital de imagens, levantamento de campo (coleta de amostra, perfis praiais, caracteriza??o do ambiente praial e hidrodin?mica), corre??o de mapeamento e an?lises laboratoriais (granulometria). O estudo evolutivo das fei??es morfol?gicas indicou varia??es significativas no per?odo estudado, principalmente, nas dunas, terra?os marinhos, varia??o da linha de praia e plan?cie de mar?, evidenciando as maiores transforma??es no espa?o temporal entre 1988 e 2001. As an?lises dos perfis de praia mostraram uma tend?ncia sedimenta??o na ?rea dos perfis P1, P2 e P3, entretanto, no per?odo monitorado, observou-se nos referidos perfis, intervalos erosivos e deposicionais evidenciando uma necessidade de monitoramento por um per?odo maior. Os resultados das an?lises granulom?tricas indicam uma predomin?ncia de areia m?dia a grossa no p?s-praia e zona de estir?ncio, quanto na antepraia, as an?lises indicaram areia media a fina. O estado morfodin?mico, mostrou que a praia do Minhoto encontra-se em estado intermedi?rio, com altern?ncia a reflectivo. As ?reas de maior vulnerabilidade e sensibilidade s?o as plan?cies de mar?, linha de praia, ilha barreira e dunas m?veis, que atualmente v?m sofrendo grande impacto ambiental com expans?o da carcinicultura, presen?a urbana e impacto natural (eros?o da linha de praia)

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:10:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LuizANP_DISSERT_1-80.pdf: 5205000 bytes, checksum: a0528798e1c98d3a73a67178f824421d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-11-12 / This study includes the results of the analysis of areas susceptible to degradation by remote sensing in semi-arid region, which is a matter of concern and affects the whole population and the catalyst of this process occurs by the deforestation of the savanna and improper practices by the use of soil. The objective of this research is to use biophysical parameters of the MODIS / Terra and images TM/Landsat-5 to determine areas susceptible to degradation in semi-arid Paraiba. The study area is located in the central interior of Para?ba, in the sub-basin of the River Tapero?, with average annual rainfall below 400 mm and average annual temperature of 28 ? C. To draw up the map of vegetation were used TM/Landsat-5 images, specifically, the composition 5R4G3B colored, commonly used for mapping land use. This map was produced by unsupervised classification by maximum likelihood. The legend corresponds to the following targets: savanna vegetation sparse and dense, riparian vegetation and exposed soil. The biophysical parameters used in the MODIS were emissivity, albedo and vegetation index for NDVI (NDVI). The GIS computer programs used were Modis Reprojections Tools and System Information Processing Georeferenced (SPRING), which was set up and worked the bank of information from sensors MODIS and TM and ArcGIS software for making maps more customizable. Initially, we evaluated the behavior of the vegetation emissivity by adapting equation Bastiaanssen on NDVI for spatialize emissivity and observe changes during the year 2006. The albedo was used to view your percentage of increase in the periods December 2003 and 2004. The image sensor of Landsat TM were used for the month of December 2005, according to the availability of images and in periods of low emissivity. For these applications were made in language programs for GIS Algebraic Space (LEGAL), which is a routine programming SPRING, which allows you to perform various types of algebras of spatial data and maps. For the detection of areas susceptible to environmental degradation took into account the behavior of the emissivity of the savanna that showed seasonal coinciding with the rainy season, reaching a maximum emissivity in the months April to July and in the remaining months of a low emissivity . With the images of the albedo of December 2003 and 2004, it was verified the percentage increase, which allowed the generation of two distinct classes: areas with increased variation percentage of 1 to 11.6% and the percentage change in areas with less than 1 % albedo. It was then possible to generate the map of susceptibility to environmental degradation, with the intersection of the class of exposed soil with varying percentage of the albedo, resulting in classes susceptibility to environmental degradation / A presente pesquisa compreende os resultados de an?lises de ?reas suscet?veis a degrada??o ambiental por sensoriamento remoto no semi-?rido nordestino, o que ? um fato preocupante e atinge toda popula??o e o efeito catalisador desse processo ocorre pelo desmatamento da caatinga e por pr?ticas inadequadas do uso do solo. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa ? utilizar par?metros biof?sicos do sensor MODIS/Terra e as imagens TM/Landsat-5 para determinar as ?reas suscept?veis ao processo de degrada??o no semi-?rido para?bano. A ?rea de estudo localiza-se no sert?o central da Para?ba, na Sub-bacia do Rio Tapero?, com m?dias anuais de precipita??o inferiores a 400 mm e temperatura m?dia anual de 28?C. Para a elabora??o do mapa de cobertura vegetal foram utilizadas as imagens TM/Landsat- 5, especificamente, a composi??o colorida 5R4G3B, mais utilizada para mapeamento do uso do solo. Este mapa foi confeccionado pela Classifica??o Supervisonada por M?xima Verossimilhan?a. A legenda corresponde aos seguintes alvos: vegeta??o de caatinga densa e esparsa; vegeta??o ciliar e solo exposto. Os par?metros biof?sicos utilizados do sensor MODIS foram: emissividade, albedo e ?ndice de Vegeta??o por Diferen?a Normalizada (NDVI). Os programas computacionais de geoprocessamento utilizados foram o Modis Reprojections Tools e o Sistema de Processamento de Informa??es Georreferenciadas (SPRING), no qual foi montado e trabalhado o banco de informa??es dos sensores MODIS e TM e o software ArcGIS para a confec??o de cartas mais customiz?veis. Inicialmente, avaliou o comportamento da vegeta??o pela emissividade por meio da adapta??o da equa??o de Bastiaanssen sobre o NDVI para espacializar a emissividade e observar as altera??es durante o ano de 2006. O albedo foi utilizado para visualizar o seu percentual de aumento nos per?odos de dezembro de 2003 e 2004. As imagens do sensor TM/Landsat usadas foram do m?s de dezembro de 2005, de acordo com a disponibilidade das imagens e no per?odo de menor emissividade. Para estas aplica??es foram feitos programas em Linguagem Espacial para Geoprocessamento Alg?brico (LEGAL), que ? uma rotina de programa??o do SPRING, a qual permite realizar v?rios tipos de ?lgebras de dados e mapas espaciais. Para a detec??o de ?reas suscept?veis ao processo de degrada??o ambiental levou-se em considera??o o comportamento da emissividade da caatinga que se mostrou sazonal coincidindo com o per?odo chuvoso atingindo o m?ximo de emissividade nos meses de abril a julho e nos restantes dos meses uma baixa emissividade. Com as imagens do albedo de dezembro de 2003 e 2004, foi verificado o seu aumento percentual, o que possibilitou a gera??o de duas classes distintas: ?reas com aumento da varia??o percentual de 1 a 11,6% e ?reas com varia??o percentual inferior a 1% do albedo. A partir da? foi poss?vel gerar o mapa de susceptibilidade ? degrada??o ambiental, com o cruzamento da classe de solo exposto com a varia??o percentual do albedo, resultando em classes susceptibilidade ? degrada??o ambiental

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DouglasNS.pdf: 627007 bytes, checksum: b05193ec4ef1bbecaf4b2d739179e597 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-10-10 / Photo-oxidation processes of toxic organic compounds have been widely studied. This work seeks the application of the photo-Fenton process for the degradation of hydrocarbons in water. The gasoline found in the refinery, without additives and alcohol, was used as the model pollutant. The effects of the concentration of the following substances have been properly evaluated: hydrogen peroxide (100-200 mM), iron ions (0.5-1 mM) and sodium chloride (200 2000 ppm). The experiments were accomplished in reactor with UV lamp and in a falling film solar reactor. The photo-oxidation process was monitored by measurements of the absorption spectra, total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Experimental results demonstrated that the photo-Fenton process is feasible for the treatment of wastewaters containing aliphatic hydrocarbons, inclusive in the presence of salts. These conditions are similar to the water produced by the petroleum fields, generated in the extraction and production of petroleum. A neural network model of process correlated well the observed data for the photooxidation process of hydrocarbons / Processos de fotooxida??o de compostos org?nicos t?xicos t?m sido bastante estudados. Este trabalho trata da aplica??o do processo foto-Fenton para a degrada??o de hidrocarbonetos em ?gua. A gasolina de refinaria, sem aditivos e ?lcool, foi usada como poluente modelo. O efeito das concentra??es dos seguintes compostos foi avaliado: per?xido de hidrog?nio (100-200mM), ?ons ferrosos (0,5-1,0mM) e cloreto de s?dio (200-2000ppm). Os experimentos foram realizados em um reator com l?mpada UV e em um reator solar tipo filme descendente. O processo de foto-oxida??o foi monitorado por medidas do espectro de absor??o, carbono org?nico total (TOC) e demanda qu?mica de oxig?nio (DQO). Os resultados experimentais demonstram que o processo foto-Fenton ? vi?vel para o tratamento de efluentes contendo hidrocarbonetos alif?ticos, inclusive na presen?a de sais, sob condi??es similares ?s das ?guas de produ??o de campos de petr?leo, geradas na extra??o e produ??o de petr?leo. Um modelo do processo, baseado em redes neurais, correlacionou bem os dados observados para o processo de fotooxida??o de hidrocarbonetos

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TalithaAB_DISSERT.pdf: 2174474 bytes, checksum: 5fc9b46f49baf0082200961f74eed779 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-23 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Effluents from pesticide industries have great difficulty to decontaminate the environment and, moreover, are characterized by high organic charge and toxicity. The research group Center for Chemical Systems Engineering (CESQ) at the Department of Chemical Engineering of Polytechnical School of University of S?o Paulo and Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte have been applying the Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP's) for the degradation of various types of pollutants. These processes are based on the generation of hydroxyl radicals, highly reactive substances. Thus, this dissertation aims to explore this process, since it has been proven to be quite effective in removing organic charge. Therefore, it was decided by photo-Fenton process applied to the degradation of the fungicide Thiophanate methyl in aqueous system using annular reactor (with lamp Philips HPLN 125W) and solar. The samples were collected during the experiment and analyzed for dissolved organic carbon (TOC) using a Shimadzu TOC (Shimadzu 5050A e VCP). The Doehlert experimental design has been used to evaluate the influence of ultraviolet radiation, the concentrations of methyl thiophanate (C12H14N4O4S2), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and iron ions (Fe2+), among these parameters, was considered the best experimental conditions, [Fe2+] = 0.6 mmol/L and [H2O2] = 0.038 mol/L in EXP 5 experiment and in SOL 5 experiment, obtaining a percentage of TOC removal of 60% in the annular reactor and 75% in the solar reactor / Os efluentes das ind?strias de agrot?xicos apresentam grande dificuldade quanto ? sua descontamina??o no meio ambiente e, al?m disso, s?o caracterizados por possu?rem alta carga org?nica e toxicidade. O grupo de pesquisa do Centro de Engenharia de Sistemas Qu?micos (CESQ) do Departamento de Engenharia Qu?mica da Escola Polit?cnica da Universidade de S?o Paulo e do Departamento de Engenharia Qu?mica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte vem aplicando os Processos Oxidativos Avan?ados (POA) ? degrada??o de diversos tipos de poluentes. Estes processos s?o baseados na gera??o de radicais hidroxila, subst?ncias altamente reativas. Desta forma, buscou-se explorar esse processo, j? que o mesmo vem se apresentando bastante eficaz na remo??o de carga org?nica. Portanto, decidiu-se pelo processo foto- Fenton aplicado na degrada??o do fungicida tiofanato met?lico em sistema aquoso, utilizando reator anular (com l?mpada Philips, HPLN de 125W) e solar. As amostras foram coletadas durante o experimento e analisadas quanto ao teor de carbono org?nico dissolvido (COT) utilizando um analizador TOC (Shimadzu 5050A e Shimadzu VCH). O planejamento experimental Doehlert utilizado para avaliar a influ?ncia da radia??o ultravioleta, das concentra??es do tiofanato met?lico (C12H14N4O4S2), do per?xido de hidrog?nio (H2O2) e dos ?ons de ferro [Fe2+]. Dentre estes par?metros, foram consideradas as melhores condi??es experimentais, sendo: [Fe2+] = 0,600 mmol/L e [H2O2] = 0,038 mol/L no experimento EXP 5 e no experimento SOL 5, obtendo um percentual de remo??o de COT de 60% no reator anular e de 75% no reator solar