Titel: Ledarskap i den kreativa processen: En studie om dataspelsföretag Problem: I dagsläget finns det brister på studier som fokuserar på olika ledarskapsperspektivs påverkan på kreativitet inom arbetsgrupper. Hur ledarskap formas och ledarskapets roll i den kreativa processen saknas det information om, speciellt inom kreativt intensiva industrier. Stor del av tidigare forskning fokuserar på länder som USA och Japan, men inte Sverige. Dataspelsindustrin är en snabbföränderlig industri, därmed finns det flera utmaningar och affärsmöjligheter som organisationer möjligtvis saknar kunskap om. Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att få en förståelse för hur ledarskapet ser ut i den kreativa processen i dataspelsföretag. Samtidigt vill vi bidra med kunskap och förståelse om ledarskapets inflytande på den kreativa processen. Metod: Undersökningen utgick från samhällsvetenskapligt tolkningsperspektiv med en kvalitativ forskningsstrategi.  Fenomenologisk ansats har använts för att fånga intervjupersonernas upplevelser av ledarskapet i den kreativa processen i dataspelsindustrin med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Forskningsansatsen var abduktiv då forskarna pendlade konstant mellan data och kända teorier vid sökandet efter de mest sannolika förklaringarna. Vid bearbetning av data användes en fenomenografisk dataanalysmodell. Slutsats: Olika ledarskapsperspektiv fungerar olika under olika omständigheter. Enligt den teoretiska referensramen utesluter inte en ledarskapsteori nödvändigtvis en annan utan aspekter av olika ledarskapsteorier går att kombinera. Eftersom att det finns många olika typer av dataspelsföretag är det viktigt att förstå den egna organisationen och vara öppen för att plocka aspekter från olika ledarskapsteorier och skräddarsy ett ledarskapsperspektiv som passar organisationens kontext. / Title: Leadership in the creative process: A study about small computer game companies. Problem: Currently there is a lack of studies that focus on different leadership perspectives effect on creativity within groups. There is a lack of information about how leadership shapes and the leadership’s role in the creative process, especially in creative intensive industries. A big part of previous research focuses on countries like USA and Japan, but not Sweden. The computer game industry is a fast changing industry, therefore there are many challenges and business opportunities that organizations might lack knowledge about. Purpose: The purpose of this essay is to gain an understanding for what leadership in the creative process in small computer game companies look like. At the same time we want contribute knowledge and understanding about the leadership's influence on the creative process. Method: The study is based on a interpretive social science perspective with a qualitative research strategy. A phenomenological approach has been used to capture the respondent's’ experience of leadership in the creative process in the computer game industry with the help of semi structured interviews. The research approach was abductive due to the researchers constantly going between data and known theories when searching after the most probable explanations. During processing of data a phenomenographic data analysis model was used. Conclusion: Different leadership perspectives work differently under different circumstances. According to the theoretical framework leadership theories does not necessarily exclude one from another, rather aspects from different leadership theories are combinable. Since there are many kinds of computer game companies it is imperative to understand one’s own organization and to be open to pick aspects from different leadership theories to tailor a leadership perspective that fits the organization's context.

Due to the rise of psychosocial hazards and its increasing healthcare associated costs in Europe but also in the whole World, the poor management of those risks becomes an urgent issue to overcome for the states and companies but above all, for the people who suffer from it. The problem is that there is not enough awareness among the society about psychosocial factors and its associated risks. Our master thesis aims at examining and determining the roots of psychosocial hazards by starting from an already existing case study to set and classify the main variables. Thus, through the lens of psychologists and psychiatrists we interviewed with a semi-structured questionnaire, we compare and analyze these variables and their answers in order to identify what are the most important factors to deal with in priority and how to manage them properly. Again, through the lens of the specialists in the field and ours, we question the risk management paradigm presented as a solution to tackle psychosocial hazards in the European survey we found. The main goals of our thesis are to raise awareness among people about psychosocial factors and its associated risks but also to provide a solution to identify and manage them properly in a lucid and realistic leadership but also more human, thanks to the enlightening vision of our dear interviewees.

This dissertation uses Critical Discourse Analysis to study debates among elite members and affiliates of the Democratic Party from 1988-2008 on class issues and their relevance to the party's environmental agenda. This research builds off of several related historical and theoretical accounts (both primary and secondary) of new social and economic divisions between college-educated and non-college educated workers that have shaped American politics since the 1970s. I focus on how Democratic interest in environmentalism changed as a 'professional-managerial-class' or 'new class' supplanted unionized, industrial workers as the primary social base of the Democratic party. I trace how related people and groups associated with the party understood the relevance of these different classes to consolidating enduring electoral power, and how these informed specific arguments for what ideological views or policy proposals the party should publicly embrace. Furthermore, I identify 'green' narratives related to environmental protection, as an emerging thematic framework that some Democrats felt could help them build a coalition based primarily around support from educated, white-collar workers. I contend that the ideological character of the party's environmental rhetoric, as articulated in this debate, has been influenced mostly by attempts to tailor the party's agenda to the perceived sensibilities of the college-educated, rather than the older working-class base. My analysis proposes three overarching core concepts most often ascribed to the professional class and its members' ideological disposition. I use the discursive method described above to explore their relationship to the framing of the climate issue and its connection to broader ideological values. These are (A) Meritocracy (B) Technocratic Rationality, and (C) Individualism. I argue these professional-oriented climate narratives can be understood as adapting the conceptual reasoning of an older liberal tradition to the structural conditions of the post-70s, globalized economy. Specifically, that the frequent emphasis on these three concepts implicit to the PMC-centric discourse is consistent with a liberal view of freedom as 'non-interference', and a related hostility to democratic interventions into the market. This ideological analysis is significant to the dissertation's focus on framings of climate change because an account this conceptual logic reveals the potential limits of the Democrats' efforts to create majoritarian, political support for environmental protection. / Doctor of Philosophy / This dissertation provides an analysis of debates among elite members and affiliates of the Democratic Party from 1988-2008 on class issues and their relevance to the party's environmental agenda. This investigation is informed by existing accounts of the social and economic divisions between college-educated and non-college educated workers that have shaped American politics since the 1970s. I focus on how Democratic interest in environmentalism developed as a 'professional-managerial-class' or 'new class' supplanted unionized, industrial workers as the primary social base of the Democratic party. I trace how related people and groups associated with the party understood the relevance of these different classes to winning future elections, and how these informed specific arguments for what ideological views or policy proposals the party should publicly embrace. Furthermore, I identify 'green' narratives related to environmental protection, as an emerging thematic framework that some Democrats felt could help them build a coalition based primarily around support from educated, white-collar workers. There are two narratives about class and its relevance to the party that recur frequently in these sources. The first advocates for a coalition made up primarily by the working-class, conceived of as wage-earning, high-school educated voters working in domestically bound, blue collar industries. The second argues the party should build a coalition made up of a professional-managerial class—referred to as the "symbolic analysts", "the rising learning class", "ideapolis dwellers", or "wired workers"— conceived of as affluent, well-educated professionals working in globally integrated sectors of a high-tech "new economy". Each of these views are based on identifying specific ideological sensibilities with the respective classes, which then justify arguments for particular framings of the party's identity and policy agenda. I contend that the ideological character of the party's public philosophy, as articulated in this debate, has been influenced mostly by attempts to tailor the party's agenda (or rhetoric) to the perceived sensibilities of the college-educated, rather than the older working-class base. I show that this was motivated by a belief that a coalition built around votes from the PMC would serve as a more reliable electoral base in a political environment where it was difficult to build support through redistributive, New Deal-style policies as the party had done since the 1930s. Some members perceived the professionals' investment in a post-material "New Politics" or "progressive centrism" as an alternative. The college-educated, they argued, could be motivated to support the Democrats on cultural grounds, allowing the party to embrace more free-market policies. In addition, several figures, including Chuck Schumer, Bill Clinton, and Al Gore argued that environmentalism could or should serve as the foundation of this progressive centrist version of the party, because of green issues' supposed compatibility with a 'pro-business', market-based agenda.

Datum: 2024-05-29  Nivå: Kandidatuppsats i Företagsekonomi, 15 hp  Institution: Akademin för Ekonomi, Samhälle och Teknik, Mälardalens Universitet  Författare: Valeria Calles    Selma Migchelsen     Emilia Shafipour            (00/08/30)         (01/09/05)                    (02/10/27) Titel: Skillnader i Ledarskapsstilar mellan Manliga och Kvinnliga Ledare inom Organisationer: En kvalitativ studie som kartlägger ledares självuppfattningar Handledare: Konstantin Lampou  Nyckelord: Ledarskapsstilar, autokratiskt ledarskap, demokratiskt ledarskap, könsstereotyper gällande ledarskapsstilar  Forskningsfråga: Hur skiljer sig ledarskapsstilar mellan könen inom organisationer? Syfte: Syftet med vårt projekt är att undersöka om det finns några skillnader mellan kvinnliga och manliga ledare, utifrån ledarnas egna perspektiv och uppfattningar. Vi vill ta reda på om det finns vissa ledarskapsstilar som är vanligare hos män än hos kvinnor och vice versa.  Metod: En kvalitativ studie har utförts där en abduktiv ansats har använts. För att samla in empiri har semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts via Zoom och därefter har sekundärkällor och vetenskapliga artiklar använts för att stärka studiens empiri och slutsats.  Slutsats: Slutsatsen som går att dra efter att ha undersökt ledarskapet mellan fem kvinnor och fem män är att det inte finns stora skillnader mellan kvinnligt och manligt ledarskap. Vår forskning har visat att både män och kvinnor generellt föredrar den demokratiska ledarskapsstilen mer än den autokratiska, men både männen och kvinnorna hade åtminstone en autokratisk egenskap. Detta visar att den autokratiska ledarskapsstilen inte är tillhörande det manliga könet och att den demokratiska ledarskapsstilen inte är tillhörande det kvinnliga könet. / Date: 2024-05-29  Level: Bachelor thesis in Business Administration, 15 hp  Institution: School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University  Authors: Valeria Calles       Selma Migchelsen        Emilia Shafipour         (00/08/30)                (01/09/05)                 (02/10/27) Title: Differences in Leadership Styles between Male and Female Leaders in Organizations: A qualitative study that identifies leaders self-perceptions  Supervisor: Konstantin Lampou  Keywords: Leadership styles, autocratic leadership, democratic leadership, gender stereotypes on leadership style Research question: How do the leadership styles differ between genders within organizations?   Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there are any differences between female and male leaders, based on the leaders' own perspectives and perceptions. We want to find out if there are certain leadership styles that are more common in men than in women and vice versa. Method: A qualitative study has been made by using an abductive approach. In order to collect empirical data, semi-structured interviews have been conducted via Zoom. Secondary sources and scientific articles have been used to strengthen the study's empirical data and conclusion. Conclusion: The conclusion that can be drawn after examining the leadership between five women and five men is that there are no major differences between female and male leadership. Our research has shown that both men and women generally prefer the democratic leadership style more than the autocratic, but both men and women had at least one autocratic trait. This shows that the autocratic leadership style does not belong to the male gender and that the democratic leadership style does not belong to the female gender.

This study has investigated `How does the effective execution of the management tasks assist the District Foundation Phase First Education Specialist to promote quality teaching and learning in Gauteng schools?' This study has considered the concepts `leadership' and `management'. Importantly, it has provided for discussion on the four vital management tasks, for effective management, towards the promotion of quality teaching and learning in Gauteng schools. Quantitative research methodology was employed. The findings suggest that the District Foundation Phase First Education Specialist does perform the four management tasks and does employ strategies for the promotion of quality teaching and learning, but that these need to be improved on, sharpened and enhanced, for effective management, and for the promotion of quality teaching and learning in schools. This study has also revealed that development and professional support of the District Foundation Phase First Education Specialist is called for too. Through use of a basic management model, in this study, suggestions and requirements are presented, and recommendations are made, for the effective execution of the management tasks towards the promotion of quality teaching and learning. Provision is therefore made for an illustration and description of the model, the suggestions and requirements envisaged, critical challenges and recommendations, as well as a motivation for the model. The study has recommended the piloting and implementation of this management model, with District First Education Specialists, in the Gauteng Department of Education. It has further recommended, that with the phasing-in of the Revised National Curriculum Statement, that this management model be trailed. Suggestions have been provided for in this regard. Review of this management model has been accommodated too. Its wider value and meaning for the Gauteng Department of Education, in the contexts of policy revision and educational transformation, has been briefly explored too. The management model suggested clearly seeks to champion effective management practice, and it also seeks to bring about improvements in existing management practice, for the promotion of quality teaching and learning in Gauteng schools. The recommendation made is aimed at contributing towards the promotion of quality teaching and learning in Gauteng schools. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Education Management)

This study has investigated `How does the effective execution of the management tasks assist the District Foundation Phase First Education Specialist to promote quality teaching and learning in Gauteng schools?' This study has considered the concepts `leadership' and `management'. Importantly, it has provided for discussion on the four vital management tasks, for effective management, towards the promotion of quality teaching and learning in Gauteng schools. Quantitative research methodology was employed. The findings suggest that the District Foundation Phase First Education Specialist does perform the four management tasks and does employ strategies for the promotion of quality teaching and learning, but that these need to be improved on, sharpened and enhanced, for effective management, and for the promotion of quality teaching and learning in schools. This study has also revealed that development and professional support of the District Foundation Phase First Education Specialist is called for too. Through use of a basic management model, in this study, suggestions and requirements are presented, and recommendations are made, for the effective execution of the management tasks towards the promotion of quality teaching and learning. Provision is therefore made for an illustration and description of the model, the suggestions and requirements envisaged, critical challenges and recommendations, as well as a motivation for the model. The study has recommended the piloting and implementation of this management model, with District First Education Specialists, in the Gauteng Department of Education. It has further recommended, that with the phasing-in of the Revised National Curriculum Statement, that this management model be trailed. Suggestions have been provided for in this regard. Review of this management model has been accommodated too. Its wider value and meaning for the Gauteng Department of Education, in the contexts of policy revision and educational transformation, has been briefly explored too. The management model suggested clearly seeks to champion effective management practice, and it also seeks to bring about improvements in existing management practice, for the promotion of quality teaching and learning in Gauteng schools. The recommendation made is aimed at contributing towards the promotion of quality teaching and learning in Gauteng schools. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Education Management)

”Fem tysta minuter” är en vetenskaplig essä som handlar om olika metoder för att skapa ordning under måltider i skolan. Framförallt undersöker den mellanmålet som är en vardaglig del av det fritidshemspedagogiska uppdraget. Uppsatsen grundar sig i två olika berättelser som gemensamt gestaltar en mellanmålssituation där handlingsalternativen varit svårbedömda för oss och där det inte tycks finnas en tydlig riktning som gagnar samtliga inblandade. Vi har undersökt huruvida ”fem tysta minuter” är en bra metod för att skapa en pedagogisk och harmonisk måltid. I berättelserna ställs vi bägge inför en situation där vår erfarenhet och intuition säger att ett annat handlande vore att föredra dock blir vi bakbundna av kollegial regelstyrning. Utifrån detta har vi reflekterat kring hur man som professionell pedagog med fördel kan agera när ens inre didaktik kolliderar med arbetsgruppen. Vi utgår också ifrån ett barnperspektiv där dilemmat blir att barn med behov av lägre ljudmiljö och barn som ständigt misslyckas att bibehålla tystnad under måltiden ska tillgodoses. Vi har utgått ifrån ett barn- och vuxenperspektiv i förhållande till konsekvenserna av ett demokratiskt samt auktoritärt ledarskap. Vi har konstaterat att de verktyg och förutsättningar vi som enskilda professionella pedagoger innehar inte är tillräckligt för att skapa den pedagogiska arenan under måltid som rekommenderas genom bland annat Livsmedelsverket och Skolverket. Det krävs en bredare pedagogisk diskussion kring måltiderna inom skolan. / “Fem tysta minuter” (five minutes of silence) is a scientific essay about methods to create order during mealtimes in school. The essay mainly focuses on the afternoon snacks that are an every day part of the “fritidshem” (after-school centre) work. The essay is based on two different stories that combined presents mealtime situations where the pedagogical choices have been hard to make and were there are no clear options that would benefit all the participants. We have researched whether ”fem tysta minuter” is a good method to achieve a pedagogical and harmonic mealtime. In the presented stories we are both faced with a situation where our experience and intuition tells us another choice of action would be preferred but we are restricted by the rules of the collegium. From this, we have reflected on how one as a professional educator can act when your inner didactics collides with the working group. We also view this from a child perspective where the dilemma is that both children with the need for a calmer and more quiet environment and children who can't stay quiet and constantly fails to do so must be satisfied. Our approach has been to consider a child and adult perspective in relation to the consequences of a democratic and an authoritative leadership. We have reached the conclusion that the tools and conditions we as lone professional pedagogues have, are not enough to create the pedagogical arena during mealtime that are recommended for instance by the Swedish food agency and the Swedish National Agency for Education. A broader pedagogical discussion concerning mealtimes in school(s) is needed.

Studien har som syfte att undersöka hur framgångsrika ledare framställs idag och till vilken utsträckning samt i vilka situationer de brukar ett auktoritärt ledarskap. För att uppfylla studiens syfte har dagsaktuella ledarskapstrender samt fiktiva ledare i aktuell populärkultur analyserats genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatet visar att vissa egenskaper är gemensamma hos framgångsrika ledare i såväl trender som hos fiktiva ledare. Det råder delade meningar samt avsaknad av en nyanserad förklaring av vad som är ett auktoritärt ledarskap. Genom att sätta ihop en samlad bild av ett auktoritärt ledarskap går det att urskilja hur vissa situationer efterfrågar och förväntar ett auktoritärt ledarskap. / The purpose of this study is to examine how successful leaders are portrayed today and to what extent as well in which situations they practice authoritarian leadership. To fulfill the purpose of the study have current leadership trends and fictitious leaders in recent popular culture been analyzed through a qualitative content analysis. The results indicate that some characteristics are mutual for successful leaders in trends as well as fictitious leaders. There is a disagreement and a lack of nuanced definition of an authoritarian leadership. Creating a collective definition of an authoritarian leadership makes it possible to discern how certain situations demand and expect authoritarian leadership.

This study sought to analyse the influence of principal leadership on the performance of selected schools in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. The problems addressed in the research were what leadership and leadership styles in the school context entail, concept of school performance, attributes of leadership as perceived by principals and how these attributes impact on school performance and establish whether school performance is dependent upon principal leadership and his/her leadership style. It was a qualitative study. Stakeholders of the schools were interviewed and observations were made. The relationship between leadership and leadership style, in general, and school performance were investigated. The research established that unless principals were well equipped with knowledge and skills in management and leadership, they would not be able to improve school performance. / Educational Leadership and Management / M. Ed. (Education Management)

This study sought to analyse the influence of principal leadership on the performance of selected schools in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. The problems addressed in the research were what leadership and leadership styles in the school context entail, concept of school performance, attributes of leadership as perceived by principals and how these attributes impact on school performance and establish whether school performance is dependent upon principal leadership and his/her leadership style. It was a qualitative study. Stakeholders of the schools were interviewed and observations were made. The relationship between leadership and leadership style, in general, and school performance were investigated. The research established that unless principals were well equipped with knowledge and skills in management and leadership, they would not be able to improve school performance. / Educational Leadership and Management / M. Ed. (Education Management)