This thesis presents two empirical studies of four pairs of design students collaborating on two small products design sessions in both face-to-face and distributed settings while using computer-mediated communication (CMC) technologies and a Collaborative Virtual Environment (CVE). To gain insight about the way designers communicate and collaborate, the observation focused on how much time the students worked "together" and "individually" in the design process. Each design process was video recorded and analyzed with a video analysis software Observer XT. The first study shows that both teams worked together to arrive at a design concept then they divided the work for each person to work independently (either the 3D modeling task or the 2D graphic task) to produce the final design. Teams worked together less than fifty percent of the overall work time because they could not share design information effectively using the computing technology tools on the collaborative design process. Findings of the first study suggested plausible design criteria for communication tools for distributed collaboration that supports interaction and sharing design information. The second study used the same methodology and experimental procedures as those used in study. However, participants were provided a shared tool such as NetMeeting Whiteboard and Shared program that support shared sketching abilities or shared viewing of 3D objects. The study shows that teams spent more time working together when using programs that support shared sketching abilities or shared viewing of 3D objects. The shared program and the whiteboard function from NetMeeting helped the design teams to share more information. Participants commented that this program helped facilitate the collaborative process by enabling them each to perform multiple tasks such as talking with their teammates and observing 3D object in a shared view at the same time. Participants also reported that they found the distributed setting a more engaging environment to work with teammates because they were "forced to be engaged" and "forced to communicate better," and that they "concentrated more using hand gestures on camera." Although two studies showed that current CVE (Unreal) did not lead to effective collaboration, several potential features such as creating virtual mock-ups for the brainstorming within a virtual environment were introduced. Participants consider real time 3D visualization effective in the design process and thus very promising in the collaborative setting if they can share ideas easily within a 3D virtual environment.

This thesis presents new theories and creative techniques for exploring ‘designing for home happiness'. Set in the context of a primarily unsustainable and unhappy world, home is understood as a facilitator of current lifestyle practices that could also support long-term happiness activities, shown to promote more sustainable behaviour. It has yet to be examined extensively from a happiness perspective and many homes lack opportunities for meaningful endeavours. Service Design, an approach that supports positive interactions, shows potential in facilitating ‘designing for home happiness' but its tools are generally employed for visualising new systems/services or issues within existing ones instead of exploring related subjectivity. Art therapy techniques, historically used for expressing felt experiences, present applicable methods for investigating such subjective moments and shaping design opportunities for home happiness but have yet to be trialled in a design research context. This thesis therefore explores how Art Therapy and Service Design can be used successfully for ‘designing for home happiness'. A first study proposes photo elicitation as a creative method to explore, with participants from UK family households, several significant home happiness needs. Subsequently, art therapy techniques are proposed in Study 2 through two bespoke Happy-Home Workshops. This gives way to the Home Happiness Theory and Designing for Home Happiness Theory, which enable designers to design for home happiness. The Designing for Home Happiness Framework emerges from these studies proposing a new design creative method delivered through a workshop with specialised design tools and accompanying process for creating home happiness designs (i.e. services, product-service-systems). Through two Main Studies the framework is tested and validated with design experts in two different contexts, Loughborough (UK) and Limerick (Ireland), confirming its suitability and transferability in ‘designing for home happiness'. Resulting concepts support collective home happiness and social innovations by facilitating appropriate social contexts for their development. Overall, this research is the first to combine art therapy techniques with service design methods, offering original theories and approaches for ‘designing for home happiness' within Service Design and for social innovation. Collectively, this research delivers new creative methods for service designers, social innovators and designers more generally to investigate and support happier experiences within and outside the home for a more sustainable future.

Submitted by Patricia Figuti Venturini (pfiguti@anhembi.br) on 2018-10-04T15:01:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Mayra Ferreira Martyres Alexander.pdf: 5800165 bytes, checksum: e2b95c0e12973de9cd47a71d20b9ff44 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Patricia Figuti Venturini (pfiguti@anhembi.br) on 2018-10-04T19:17:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Mayra Ferreira Martyres Alexander.pdf: 5800165 bytes, checksum: e2b95c0e12973de9cd47a71d20b9ff44 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Patricia Figuti Venturini (pfiguti@anhembi.br) on 2018-10-04T19:18:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Mayra Ferreira Martyres Alexander.pdf: 5800165 bytes, checksum: e2b95c0e12973de9cd47a71d20b9ff44 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-04T19:18:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mayra Ferreira Martyres Alexander.pdf: 5800165 bytes, checksum: e2b95c0e12973de9cd47a71d20b9ff44 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The present research presents as main focus on the possibility of the creation of the Ecomuseum of Belém, considering as reference the new museology that when recognizing the city as an open place for interaction, it allows a dialogue between the urban design of the city and museum. The urban restructuring actions that occurred in the city triggered the need to safeguard the goods through the preservation of cultural heritage, this scenario associated with the dynamics of the city and the appreciation of its architectural, natural and cultural heritage, in addition to local customs and rituals, contributed to the elaboration and implantation of the ecomuseum. This configuration of museum emerged in the face of the restlessness of new habits, the processes of communication and technologies that instigate to add other possibilities of interactions in the quotidian of the city. It is believed that the present characteristics in the city of Belém qualify it to be classified as an ecomuseum, since they are aligned with the debate of the contemporary museum and can transform the look on Belém and its urban landscape, fomenting an open museum for exchanges, either with the visitor/ inhabitant, with the institutions, and/or with the public and urban space. Based on this premise, a development, management and action plan was developed, with the participation of the community and public and private institutions, for the ecomuseum. This proposal seeks to debate the preservation and appropriation of urban space through design, art, architecture and nature. / A presente pesquisa apresenta como foco principal a possibilidade de elaboração do Ecomuseu de Belém, considerando como referência a nova museologia que ao reconhecer a cidade como local aberto à interação, possibilita um diálogo entre o design urbano da cidade e museu. As ações de mudanças na paisagem urbana ocorridas na cidade, desencadearam a necessidade de salvaguardar os bens através da preservação do patrimônio cultural, cenário este que associado a dinâmica da cidade e tendo como referência a valorização de seu patrimônio arquitetônico, natural e cultural, além dos costumes e rituais locais, contribuíram para a elaboração do ecomuseu. Essa configuração de museu surgiu diante da inquietude de novos hábitos, dos processos de comunicação e das tecnologias que instigam a agregar outras possibilidades de interações no cotidiano da cidade. Acredita-se, que as características presentes, na cidade de Belém, a qualificam para classificá-la como ecomuseu, pois elas se encontram alinhadas com o debate do museu contemporâneo e podem transformar o olhar sobre Belém e sua paisagem urbana, fomentando um museu aberto para trocas, seja com o visitante/habitante, com as instituições, e/ou com o espaço público e urbano. A partir dessa premissa, foi elaborado um plano de desenvolvimento, de gestão e de ações, com participação da comunidade e instituições públicas e privadas, para o ecomuseu. Essa proposta busca debater a preservação e apropriação do espaço urbano por meio do design, arte, arquitetura e natureza.

[pt] Sob a perspectiva do design social, esta tese desenvolveu um sistema de projetação e produção distribuída (SPPD) que congrega a indústria e os meios de produção local como solução para a produção e distribuição de produtos (basicamente de segurança, higiene, proteção da saúde, auxilio na vida diária. vestuário, educação e lazer) de média complexidade para atenção básica em territórios diversos. A pesquisa iniciou pela revisão teórica sobre a dimensão da inovação tecnológica social (ITS) e as estratégias do design social para a formação de rede de atores sob a lógica da THDS (Tríplice Hélice Dupla complementares para a sustentabilidade). Na sequência, foi realizada uma investigação sobre as experiências projetuais do design social, brasileiras e holandesas, e as do movimento de tecnologia social no Brasil. Por fim, foi desenvolvido o SPPD que visa a união de empresas e artesãos para produção territorializada de forma a atender suas demandas utilizando recursos locais e assim impulsionar o desenvolvimento local. O SPPD valoriza a atuação governamental ou de agentes sociais como impulsionador da demanda, e depende da constituição de um capital social e produtivo com agentes locais, que se mostrou o maior desafio do sistema. Quando aplicado ao calçado escolar, o SPPD evidenciou o papel crucial do designer para atender os parâmetros da projetação e produção distribuída em função das particularidades de cada local. / [en] From the perspective of social design, this thesis developed a designing and distributed manufacturing system (DDMS) that gathers industry and local tasks (crafts) as a solution for the manufacturing and distribution of products (basically of safety, hygiene, health protection, assistance daily, clothing, education and leisure) of medium complexity for basic care in different territories. The research started by the theoretical review of the social dimension of technological innovation (STI) and strategies of social design for the network structure of players under the logic of THDs (Triple Helix Twin to sustainability). Following these, an investigation was carried out about Brazilian and Dutch social design experiences, as well as movement of social technology in Brazil. In the end, it was developed the DDMS aiming at the union of companies and craftsmen to implement a territorialized production in order to meeting their demands using local resources and thus achieve local development. The DDMS values governmental action or social actors as demand drivers, and depends on the creation of social capital and manufacturing group with local actors, which proved to be the biggest challenge system. When applied to the scholar shoes issue, DDMS highlighted the crucial role of the designer to meeting the designing requirements and distributed manufacturing According to circumstances of each local.

The subject of this thesis is the solution of urban studies and social center of Brno Lesna, which was not part of the construction is completed. The specified location is the city district Brno-Sever, in the southern part of the cadastral territory Forest. The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the specified area and examine land use options, which already has a basic transport and building structure and contains a value that needs to be respected. The main idea is to bring the population of the outlying parts of the area to the city and propose a structure that will complement the existing territories and interconnects.

[pt] Esta pesquisa-intervenção tem como tema a etnoficção na preservação e divulgação de manifestações populares de mascarados no carnaval do estado do Rio de Janeiro. O estudo visa investigar de que forma o design pode contribuir com o método de etnoficção para mascarados no carnaval, tendo em vista a pluralidade de aspectos formais, simbólicos e performativos destas tradições mascaradas. A pesquisa parte do pressuposto de que a ficção ilustrada é uma técnica que pode divulgar de forma expressiva o levantamento documental. E tem como objetivo verificar a eficácia do uso da etnoficção ilustrada na construção de um acervo vivo sobre estas manifestações mascaradas, favorecendo a sua dimensão colaborativa e processual. As contribuições teóricas de autores da perspectiva crítica e dos Estudos Culturais Latino-americanos foram essenciais para examinar, a partir de categorias de análise no âmbito da narrativa, manifestações populares de mascarados brasileiros, e suas intermitências, tendo como foco o eixo de influências coloniais europeias para estas tradições. Além disso, o levantamento de narrativas orais e de registros fotográficos e textuais contribuíram para o entendimento dos desafios para a preservação e divulgação destas tradições mascaradas. Como proposta de intervenção no campo de pesquisa, foi desenvolvida uma narrativa ficcional ilustrada, com foco no público infanto-juvenil. A partir das dinâmicas realizadas foi possível avaliar a potência do uso de registros visuais, particularmente do desenho, como estímulo para o retorno de novos dados, viabilizando um processo de mapeamento colaborativo e participativo dessas manifestações. / [en] The theme of this intervention-research is the use of the ethnofiction method for the preservation and dissemination of popular masquerade demonstrations in Carnival celebrations all over the state of Rio de Janeiro. This research seeks to investigate how Design can contribute to the ethnofiction method for Carnival masquerades, given the aesthetic, symbolic and performative diversity of these traditions. This study is based on the assumption that illustrated fiction is a technique with potential to significantly spread the documentary survey. Therefore, this research seeks to determine the effectiveness of using illustrated ethnofictions to build a procedural and collaborative memoir archive. The theoretical contributions of authors from the critical perspective and from the Latin American Cultural Studies were essential to examine, from the narrative point of view, popular demonstrations of Brazilian masquerades, and their intermittences, focusing on the European colonial influences on these traditions. In addition, the gathering of oral narratives, and photographic and textual records helped understand the challenges for preservation and dissemination of these masked traditions. As a proposal for intervention in the research field, an illustrated fictional narrative for children and teens was developed. Based on the dynamics performed along the research, it was possible to observe how the use of drawings had an enormous potential as stimulus for the gathering of new data, enabling a collaborative and participatory mapping process of these masquerade traditions.

M.Tech. (Architectural Technology) / A persons' well-being is characterized as health, happiness, prosperity and as being in a good state of existence. The way in which we maintain our body, by eating the correct foods to exercising on a daily basis, is an important part of maintaining our well-being. Medical authorities regard South Africa a shaving one of the healthiest environments and climates in the world. South Africans get to enjoy sport and outdoor activities, fresh fruit and vegetable sand some of the planets cleanest air (Health issues in South Africa 2011: [sp]). This however is not the case for many South Africans living in poor overcrowded conditions with the lack of basic facilities. Within the medical field are large areas of controversy, particularly with HIV/ AIDS treatments between Traditional medicine and Bio-medicine. The dissertation will not focus on the study of one specific ailment and space related to health care. Instead an attempt is made to create a space where a multitude of medical functions can operate and share space in a symbiotic relationship. This would ultimately create a place of well-being and healing, where public health can be re-invent for a broader audience through mixed use facilities, social interaction and nature. The investigation area of the dissertation takes place in Yeoville and the function of the building will examine the notion of a Mixed Use Healthcare Centre. The architecture will look at the human scale and needs whilst Nature will deal with form and function. The Design intervention attempts to dissect the existing healthcare system and inject new and fresh responses to the ailing problems in the industry. There are currently large gaps in the public and private sectors of South Africa as well as the dialog between Traditional medicine and Bio-medical practices (Richter 2003: [sp]). The concept of the intervention is to provide a closed loop Healthcare system where the project becomes self sustaining within the Social conditions, Function of space and the Well-being of people This will be done by investigating the existing typologies of healthcare systems in South Africa and by combining both Traditional Medicine and Bio-Medicine. This could allow a better communication network to establish between the two disciplines and provide more information about heath and well being to the public. The intervention can become a framework for future health care establishments where a multitude of functions can operate under one roof providing affordable treatment and advice to...

[pt] Com o aumento da longevidade populacional, é natural que diversas áreas do saber e da atuação humana estejam voltando suas atenções ao envelhecimento, em abordagens múltiplas e mesmo antagônicas. Nesse cenário, o objetivo deste trabalho é apontar possíveis caminhos para a atividade do design em um mundo em envelhecimento. Porque o design é uma atividade interdisciplinar e seu processo se dá em parceria de campos distintos da atuação humana, o primeiro passo foi investigar o que é o envelhecimento, em revisão bibliográfica que contemplou publicações de diferentes áreas do conhecimento e se concentrou nas ciências da saúde. Teve destaque o Relatório Mundial de Envelhecimento e Saúde da Organização Mundial da Saúde, por abordar o assunto da perspectiva do corpo, do indivíduo e da sociedade. Porque o design visa transformar realidades para outras mais desejáveis, foram investigadas definições de envelhecimento bem-sucedido, ativo e saudável, tendo sido identificados os seguintes conceitos pertinentes para a atuação: funcionalidade, independência, autonomia e resiliência. Diante da infinidade de possibilidades de atuar em prol de um melhor envelhecimento, o recorte deste trabalho foi definido como as alterações funcionais relacionadas ao envelhecimento. Porque o design concretiza soluções a partir de produtos tangíveis, foi feito levantamento e reflexão de produtos projetados com a intenção de mitigar essas alterações. Considerando que o design é uma atividade que tem como foco o indivíduo, foram criados métodos qualitativos para aproximação do público idoso com o objetivo de favorecer relatos de experiências sobre o envelhecimento, sobre os conceitos identificados e sobre os sentimentos e comportamentos envolvidos na decisão de uso ou não uso de objetos de auxílio. / [en] With the increase of population longevity, several areas of knowledge and human performance are naturally turning their attention towards ageing in multiple and even antagonistic approaches. In this scenario, this thesis goal is to establish directions for the activity of design in an ageing world. Due to the interdisciplinary essence of design, the first step was to investigate what ageing is in a bibliographic review that included publications from different areas of knowledge focusing on the health sciences. The World Health Organization s World Report on Ageing and Health was highlighted for addressing the subject from the perspective of the body, the individual, and society. Because design activity aims at transforming realities for the better, definitions of successful, active, and healthy ageing were investigated. The following relevant concepts for action were then identified: functionality, independence, autonomy and resilience. Due to the endless possibilities of action towards better ageing, this research extract is defined particularly by the functional changes related to ageing. Since materializing solutions into tangible products is the bedrock of design, searching for products intended to mitigate these changes was the focus of our reflections. Considering design also as an activity which focuses on the individual, qualitative methods were created with the objective of favoring first-hand reports on the experiences of ageing, of the concepts identified, and of the feelings and behaviors involved in the decision to use or not to use assistive objects.

[pt] Este trabalho trata de um exercício de colaboração proposto, por meio de capacitação baseada em práticas projetuais do campo do design, às mães que possuem filhos na escola Inosel. O Inosel (Instituto Nossa Senhora de Lourdes) fica localizado no bairro da Gávea, Zona Sul do Rio de Janeiro. É uma escola católica, beneficente, de assistência social, que integra alunos surdos e com audição normal. Como escola beneficente ela auxilia, com bolsas de estudos, crianças com deficiência auditiva que moram na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Partiu-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica com a finalidade de relacionar o empreendedorismo social e o artesanato, explicando ainda alguns conceitos, como desenvolvimento social sustentável, grupos cooperativos, design estratégico e comunidades criativas. Buscaram-se ainda, complementarmente, alguns exemplos de processos em que o empreendedorismo social estivesse aliado ao artesanato. Partiu-se então para o estudo de caso que se caracterizou pela construção de uma metodologia própria com atividades direcionadas às especificidades do grupo. Esta baseou-se na metodologia do Design em Parceria, viabilizando o trabalho com o grupo em torno de etapas projetuais do design, empoderando dessa forma as participantes a desenvolver tarefas a partir de seus desejos, conhecimentos e expectativas. A metodologia buscou ainda ferramentas na técnica de Grupos Operativos, reforçando a multidisciplinaridade do projeto e a interdisciplinaridade que neste caso aconteceu devido à diversidade do grupo. / [en] This work is about a proposed collaborative exercise, through training based on projective practical design field practices, to mothers who have children in the Inosel school. The Inosel (Instituto Nossa Senhora de Lourdes - Institute Our Lady of Lourdes) is located in the neighborhood of Gavea, in the south zone of Rio de Janeiro. It s a Catholic school, charitable, of social assistance, which includes deaf and listener students. As a charity school it helps through scholarships, hearing impaired children who live in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Starting from a literature search in order to relate the social entrepreneurship and crafts, and explains some concepts such as sustainable social development, cooperative groups, strategic design and creative communities. It has also sought, in addition, some examples of cases where social entrepreneurship was combined to crafts. From there the case study that was characterized by the construction of a methodology with activities directed to that specific group. This was based on the methodology of Design in Partnership making it possible to work with the group around projective stages of design, thus empowering the participants to perform tasks based on their desires, knowledge and expectations. The methodology also sought tools in the technique of Operating Groups strengthening multidisciplinary design and interdisciplinarity that in this case was due to the group s diversity.

Mémoire en recherche-projet / L’intimidation à l’école est une problématique qui a principalement été abordée dans le domaine de la psychologie. Plusieurs programmes de lutte en sont issus, mais des études démontrent leur faible efficacité (Smith et al., 2004, Limber, 2011) et invitent les interventions futures à s’intéresser à des aspects plus généraux portant notamment sur le climat scolaire. Le design étant un processus écologique (Findeli, 2015), l’idée de s’interroger sur le climat scolaire nous a semblé particulièrement porteuse. Ainsi, la recherche-projet suivante a pour objectif de désindividualiser la problématique de l’intimidation à l’école en s’intéressant à l’affordance (Chemero, 2003) prosociale de l’environnement scolaire. Nous posons l’hypothèse que l’intimidation à l’école est un problème environnemental et nous cherchons à comprendre comment l’affordance peut s’avérer un concept pertinent pour les designers, afin de traiter de telles problématiques sociales. Les hypothèses de concepts que nous proposons amènent des pistes de solutions inédites à la problématique de l’intimidation à l’école. Celles-ci modifient les dispositions antisociales du milieu scolaire en offrant de nouvelles possibilités qui encouragent les comportements prosociaux. Ces modifications démontrent la pertinence pour le champ du design d’opter pour un regard écologique axé sur les possibilités. Nous suggérons d’ailleurs une façon de faire, notamment en utilisant le récit ethnographique afin de saisir les dispositions du milieu, puis les scénarios d’usage afin de démontrer l’expérience amenée par les nouvelles possibilités. Finalement, à la lumière de cette étude, nous posons l’hypothèse qu’il est essentiel de considérer la qualité de l’expérience offerte par ces nouvelles possibilités afin de maximiser les chances de réalisation d’une disposition. Penser l’expérience d’usage est l’expertise des designers, ce faisant, il s’agirait d’une démonstration supplémentaire de l’intérêt d’impliquer les designers dans les sphères sociales et des politiques publiques, afin d’amener les citoyens à adopter les changements de société visant le bien commun. / Bullying at school is an important problem that has mostly been addressed in the field of psychology. Several prevention programs have stemmed from it but studies demonstrate low efficiency (Smith et al., 2004, Limber, 2011) and suggest that future interventions consider broader issues like school climat. Design is an ecological process (Findeli, 2015), thereby the idea of questioning school climate seemed particularly interesting. The following research-project uses a holistic approach to the problem of bullying at school by focusing on the affordance of a pro-social school environment. We hypothesize that bullying at school is partly an environmental problem and we seek to understand how the theory of affordances can be a relevant basis for designers looking to address this social issue. The concepts that we offer suggest new solutions to the problem of bullying at school. They aim to modify antisocial dispositions within school environments by offering new opportunities that encourage pro-social behaviour. These modifications demonstrate that opting for an ecological vision based on possibilities is relevant to the field of design. We also suggest a way to apply this vision, which includes using ethnographic narratives to capture the situation’s dispositions and using scenarios to demonstrate the experience brought by new possibilities. Finally, in light of this study, we hypothesized that the quality of the experience offered by these new possibilities is of utmost importance to maximize the chances of individuals adopting them. Refining the user’s experience is a designer’s expertise and doing so is a further demonstration of the relevance of involving designers in rethinking our public and social spaces for the common good.