A disseminação e a popularização da Internet a partir dos anos 90 têm determinado alterações substanciais na dinâmica das interações sociais, contribuindo para a formação de uma cultura globalizada, na qual o trânsito de informações e conhecimentos se processa através de novos paradigmas de comunicação. A instituição desses novos modelos de comunicação afeta sobremaneira o campo da educação, pois o processo formativo se estrutura às expensas das relações entre os diversos atores do processo educativo, não se atendo somente à mera transmissão de conteúdos. Diante desse quadro, o impacto da Internet e das NTIC (Novas Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação) na formação profissional têm sido amplamente discutido em diversas áreas do conhecimento, com o intuito de se instituir diretrizes e protocolos que possam fornecer o arcabouço necessário para a elaboração de projetos de Educação On-Line eficientes. No entanto, a despeito da relevância do tema, existem poucos trabalhos citados na literatura referentes à aplicação da Internet na aprendizagem de conteúdos específicos de Odontologia. No campo da odontologia forense, os mecanismos de consulta científica utilizados não indicaram nenhuma referência nacional ou internacional. O escopo deste estudo foi analisar a viabilidade de utilização da Internet como instrumento de apoio a aulas presenciais no processo de ensino-aprendizagem da Disciplina de Odontologia Legal. Com essa finalidade, procedeu-se à aplicação de um questionário versando sobre o manejo do computador e da Internet nos 2º e 8º semestres, período diurno, da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo (FOUSP). Setenta (70) alunos do 2º semestre e quarenta e três (43) alunos do 8º semestre responderam ao questionário. As respostas obtidas, juntamente com a análise da bibliografia consultada e a pesquisa dos principais sites de Odontologia Legal disponíveis na rede, constituíram a base para a formulação de um site orientado primordialmente para o ensino de conteúdos da disciplina de Odontologia Legal. / The propagation and the popularization of Internet starting from the nineties have been determining substantial changes in social interaction dynamics, contributing to the formation of a global culture, in which the traffic of information and knowledge are processed through new communication paradigms. The institution of those new communication models affects the field of education excessively, because the formative process is structured through the relationships among the several actors of the educational process – it doesn’t only assist to the mere transmission of contents. With this in mind, the impact of Internet and of NTIC (New Technologies of Information and Communication) in the professional formation have been discussed thoroughly in several areas of the knowledge, with the intention of instituting guidelines and protocols that can supply the necessary basis for the elaboration of projects of efficient On-Line Education. However, in spite of the relevance of the theme, little work exist has been referred to in the literature to the application of Internet in the learning of specific contents of Dentistry. In the field of forensic dentistry, the mechanisms of scientific consultation here applied didn't indicate any national or international reference. The objective of this study was to analyze the viability of the use of Internet as a support instrument to practical classes in the process of teaching-learning of the Discipline of Legal Dentistry. With that purpose, a questionnaire was distributed regarding the handling of the computer and of Internet among students of the 2nd and 8th semesters, day period, of University of Dentistry of the University of São Paulo (FOUSP). Seventy (70) students of the 2nd semester and forty three (43) students of the 8th semester answered to the questionnaire. The obtained answers, together with the analysis of the consulted bibliography and the research of the mains sites of Legal Dentistry available in the net, constituted the base for the formulation of a site guided for the teaching of contents of the discipline of Legal Dentistry.

In this essay I discuss the magical creatures in the Harry Potter series; not the complete series but Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban and Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire. Many scholars say that the Harry Potter novels are didactic, moralist books in different ways. What I investigate is if the magical creatures in the novels can be read as metaphors for issues that the teenage reader finds difficult to deal with and if they could also offer ways to help. More specifically I look at the giant and the werewolf as metaphors for separate types of outsiders who have to try to handle the prejudice of others; one being strange because of genes and one because of an illness. I also look at the house-elf as a metaphor for various oppressive situations one can encounter as a child and also for how to cope with change. In connection to the house-elves I also discuss racism and social class. The last two creatures I investigate are the Dementor as a metaphor for depression and the Boggart as a symbol for fear. My conclusion is that one can read these creatures as symbols or metaphors for difficulties for teenagers in various ways and that these interpretations almost always also offer a way to handle said difficulty.

Orientador: Jorge Luís Schroeder / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T10:08:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Podesta_NathanTejadade_M.pdf: 3798991 bytes, checksum: 1acc5dd0297d6fc659980707d4e4176e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Neste trabalho pretendemos debater a noção de autodidatismo na formação musical. Adotamos uma perspectiva histórico-cultural do desenvolvimento musical referenciada em Vigotski (2007); Bakhtin (2003); Schoreder (2005); Gohn (2009); Vincent Lahire e Thin (2001); e Bourdieu (2011). Partindo de uma pesquisa realizada com três professores de música e setenta estudantes de violão, que iniciavam as atividades musicais oferecidas através de um curso livre de música na cidade de Paulínia-SP, levantamos dados que nos permitiram representar o que seria o "senso comum" da área sobre o assunto investigado. Estes dados evidenciaram quatro sentidos gerais associados à noção de autodidatismo na formação musical que debatemos, cruzando informações sobre a formação cultural dos entrevistados com as respostas oferecidas por eles. Observamos a existência de diferentes tipos de processos educativos não-formais e informais de música que tendo sido realizados consciente ou inconscientemente por eles tinham contribuído para os seus desenvolvimentos musicais. Neste processo compreendemos que parte das atividades que leva ao desenvolvimento pode ser conduzida pelo próprio estudante, e ao mesmo tempo, que a noção de autodidatismo evoca critérios eminentemente escolares para afirmar a existência de um processo não-escolar de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento musical que ela não dá conta de explicar por si só, exigindo considerarmos que os diferentes tipos de processos educativos consolidam outras formas de conhecimentos musicais (além dos formalizados, sistematizados) que constituem a musicalidade dos indivíduos. Passamos então à observação da estrutura organizacional da educação musical formal no Brasil (educação básica, ensino de nível técnico e superior) verificando em que medida esta educação musical formal se realiza e situando os outros processos educativos em relação a ela. Observamos as possibilidades de acesso aos cursos superiores de música nos diferentes estados da federação e pudemos notar que apenas recentemente a música popular começou a participar de um modo ainda restrito deste universo formal, predominantemente erudito. Por fim, observamos o processo de formação musical do violonista, guitarrista e compositor Hélio Delmiro que alcançou alto nível de desenvolvimento musical através de uma profunda vivência musical aliada a realização estudos musicais organizados. O fato do músico não se reconhecer como "autodidata" viabiliza uma série de reflexões sobre o assunto. Contribui ainda para destacarmos a impossibilidade de considerarmos apenas um único canal de desenvolvimento musical como possível e de desconsiderarmos outros canais (que não estão diretamente associados à educação formal, escolar, mas que ainda assim podem guardar com ela uma relação), na constituição da musicalidade individual. / Abstract: In this paper, we intend to discuss the concept of auto didacticism in musical education. We adopted a perspective referenced in Vigotski (2007); Bakhtin (2003); Hall (1997)Schoreder (2005); Gohn (2009); Afonso (2001) Vincent Lahire and Thin (2001); and Bourdieu (2011). From a survey performed with three music teachers and seventy guitar students, who were initiating the musical activities provided by a free musical course in the city of Paulínia-SP, we obtained data that allowed us to represent what would be the "common sense" in the area on the investigated subject. These data evidenced four general concepts associated to the notion of auto didacticism which we discuss, crossing information on the cultural formation of the interviewed individuals and the answers provided by them. We observed the existence of different non-formal and informal musical educational processes, which, having been consciously or unconsciously performed, had contributed with their musical development. In this process, we understood that part of the activities that lead to the development may be conducted by the student himself/herself. At the same time, the notion of auto didacticism evokes criteria that eminently school related to affirm the existence of a non-school related learning and musical development process which it cannot explain on its own, and requires us to consider the fact that the diferente types of educational processes consolidate other forms of musical knowledge (other than those formalized, systematized) that constitute the individuals¿ musicality. We then proceeded to the observation of the organization structure of the formal musical education in Brazil (basic education, secondary technical education and higher education) and verified to what extent formal musical education is performed and situate the other educational processes in comparison with it. Finally, we described the musical education process of the acoustic and electric guitarist and composer Hélio Delmiro, who reached a high musical development level through a deep musical experience, associated to the performance of organized musical studies. The examples related renders feasible a series of consideration on the subject. They contributes with the emphasis on the impossibility of considering only one channel for musical development as possible as disregarding others which are not directly associated to formal education, but still may be somehow related to it. / Mestrado / Fundamentos Teoricos / Mestre em Música

As lacunas no ensino da leitura do gênero discursivo propaganda e a carência de habilidades das crianças na leitura desse gênero motivaram o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa. Esta pesquisa objetiva analisar a linguagem verbo-áudio-visual de duas propagandas de brinquedos, uma da boneca Barbie e seu salão de beleza, e a outra do boneco Max Steel e seus acessórios, ambos da empresa Mattel, mais especificamente sobre as habilidades de inferência necessárias aos alunos do Ensino Fundamental ao realizarem a leitura das linguagens verbal e não verbal dessas propagandas veiculadas na TV. Objetiva, ainda, propor uma sequência didática para o ensino nas escolas da leitura da linguagem verbo-áudio-visual das propagandas para tornar os alunos leitores mais perspicazes desse gênero discursivo. Este estudo está fundamentado na teoria dialógica da linguagem na perspectiva de Bakhtin e de seu Círculo, que entende a linguagem como prática social e que o discurso se organiza para atender às necessidades comunicativas pautado nas relações dialógicas. Os resultados mostraram que os professores podem contribuir para que as crianças sejam leitoras proficientes do gênero propaganda através de propostas de leitura com as linguagens envolvidas no gênero: verbal, visual e sonora. Além disso, a Linguística Aplicada pode contribuir com a proposta de leitura da linguagem verbo-áudio-visual das propagandas incentivando e desenvolvendo estudos com essas linguagens e propondo o trabalho de leitura através de sequência didática. A leitura proficiente deste gênero pode ser uma estratégia poderosa para minimizar os efeitos dos apelos consumistas das propagandas. / The gaps on the teaching of the discursive advertizing genres reading and the lack of the childrens ability on reading this genre motivated the development of this research. This research objectifies to analyze the verbal-audio-visual language of two toys advertizement, being one of them the Barbie doll and her hair salon, and another one the Max Steel toy with its accessories, both toys made by Mattel, more specifically about the abilities of needed inference to the students of the elementary school when performing a reading of the verbal and non verbal languages of those advertizements transmitted by TV. This research yet objectified, to propose a didacticism sequence to teach at the schools the reading of a verbal-audio-visual language of advertizement to make the readers students more insightful on this discursive genre. This study is grounded in the dialogic theory of Bakhtins perspectives language and his Circle. This theory understands the language as a social practice and so the speech gets organized to attend the communicative needs guided in the dialogic relations. The results showed that the teachers can contribute so that the children may become proficients readers of the publicity genre through reading proposals within the languages involved in the verbal, visual and sonorous genre. Moreover, the Applied Linguistic can contribute with the reading proposal of the verbal-audio-visual language of the advertizements encouraging and developing studies with these languages and proposing the reading working through the didacticism sequence. The proficient reading of the genre can be a powerful strategy to minimize the consumers appeals effect of the advertizement.

Antes mesmo de entrar em contato com outro grupo social ou com uma língua estrangeira, já formamos desse outro certa imagem, a qual se propaga através de representações individuais e coletivas, passando também pelo processo de estereotipagem. Os estereótipos atuam na geração do sentido e, por isso, tornam-se foco de interesse no ensino-aprendizagem de uma língua estrangeira. Nessa perspectiva, o objeto desta pesquisa é o estudo de tais construções sociais no discurso da mídia, com o objetivo de promover um entendimento mais aprofundado da questão e analisar uma melhor maneira de aplicação didática dos estereótipos, nos cursos de língua. O estudo sobre estereótipos se baseou principalmente nos trabalhos de Ruth Amossy e Anne Herschberg Pierrot, que desenvolveram a noção de estereótipo e outros termos ligados a esse campo semântico nas várias disciplinas das ciências da linguagem. A abordagem desta pesquisa repousa, sobretudo, nos estereótipos culturais associados às imagens francesas e brasileiras que, geralmente, são transmitidas pelos meios de comunicação e reconstruídas por um grupo social. Alguns documentos midiáticos foram selecionados e analisados, para promover uma discussão em torno dessas imagens e propiciar um tratamento em direção a uma didática do estereótipo fundamentada numa perspectiva que envolve a imaginação, o humor e o senso crítico. / Before getting in touch with another social group or with a foreign language, we already have an image which travels through individual or collective representations and also faces the stereotype process. The stereotypes act in the generation of the meaning and for that reason they become the focus of interest in the learning-teaching process of a language. Under this perspective, the object of this research is studying such social constructions in the media discourse aiming at promoting a deeper knowledge about this issue and analyzing a better method to didactically apply the stereotypes in language courses. The study about stereotypes was based mainly on Ruth Amossys and Anne Herschberg Pierrots works, who have developed the notion of stereotypes and another terms linked to this semantic field in many subjects of the language sciences. The approach of this research lies mainly on the cultural stereotypes associated to French and Brazilian images which are often transmitted through the media and rebuilt by a social group. Some documents in the media were selected and analyzed in order to promote a discussion concerning these images and originate a way to handle it towards a didacticism of the stereotype instantiated in a perspective involving imagination, humor and critical sense.

Rebels haven’t always been sexy. In fact, throughout history “fighting the power” has often revealed the ugliest side of human nature. Of course, sometimes rebellion is necessary, even if it isn’t pretty, but it should never be considered lightly. So, under what circumstances is rebellion against authority—particularly a governing authority—morally sound? Is mutiny ever justified? Such questions are difficult, perhaps impossible, to answer, but literature can be a powerful tool for dissecting them. Captain Frederick Marryat (1798-1848), often called the father of naval fiction, used his novels to air these and other morally ambiguous questions for an early Victorian readership. At a time when widespread poverty, food shortages, and social injustices were leading to heated protests, Marryat’s microcosmic ships were a space to think through issues of rebellion, discipline, and the appropriate use of authority. This thesis analyzes two of Marryat’s novels, The King’s Own (1830) and Mr. Midshipman Easy (1836), highlighting themes of authority/discipline and the rhetorical functions of his didactic style. It’s easy to oversimplify Marryat—a patriotic ship captain and veteran of the Napoleonic Wars—as a classic establishment figure, but a close reading of these texts reveals that he was much more than an imperial flag-waver.

The legal drama episode from which this dialogue is taken depicts an impossible case: a Sudanese immigrant, who lost most of his family to the violence in Darfur, wants to sue the U.S. government for failing to intervene in the face of obvious genocide. The case is unwinnable. Lori Colson’s construction of a legal basis for the case is more than shaky. But neither the client nor his lawyers expect to win the case. Their proclaimed objective – to “make noise” – pinpoints a significant cultural potential of litigation, of its “real” practice in the courtroom and, even more importantly, in its various forms of mass-medialization and fictionalization: to raise public awareness about instances of injustice, to educate the public and encourage civic debate.

Le roman sentimental est un des genres les plus lus, les plus traduits et les plus diffusés. Malgré sa mauvaise réputation, il est étonnant de constater le nombre de ces romans vendus, tous pays confondus. Dans les Antilles, ce phénomène est particulièrement palpable : la présence, et la réception de ces œuvres témoignent de l’engouement pour le genre. Notre étude a pour objectif de dégager d’un corpus sentimental antillais les aspects les plus significatifs. Nous analyserons, d’une part, le schéma narratif élaboré en marge de celui proposé par le roman sentimental classique et, d’autre part, l’esthétique du quotidien mise en place pour créer un sentiment d’appartenance chez le lectorat. Il nous sera ainsi possible de mettre en évidence le discours socioculturel propre à ce genre et plus spécifiquement aux femmes antillaises. Par ailleurs, cette recherche postule que l'appropriation des invariants romanesques et l'élaboration d'une visée didactique participent à l'intégration du roman sentimental antillais dans la sphère des littératures « sérieuses ». Enfin, ce mémoire défend l’idée selon laquelle l’écriture romanesque des auteures étudiées contribue au projet littéraire antillais de réappropriation identitaire. / The sentimental novel is one of the most read, translated and accessible literary genres. Considering its sales rating, its frivolous reputation seems to be a misleading one. Indeed, in the Caribbean, the overall presence and reception of the novels is an indicator of its phenomenal popularity. We consider that the following aspects of the Caribbean sentimental novel are the most significant ones. Firstly, we underline that the specificity of the narrative patterns of these novels is due to its singularity vis-à-vis the canonical sentimental novel. Secondly, these novels tend to create a very strong sense of nationhood for the readers which are generated by a careful depiction of the everyday life. These previous aspects allow us to underscore the fact that the studied novels interact with the Caribbean social-cultural discourse while insisting on the topic of the female condition. This research brings to light the fact that the appropriation of the novelistic schemes as well as the didactic within allows to consider the Caribbean sentimental novel as a part of the institutionally recognized literary productions. Finally, our essay demonstrates that the novels of these “female writers” contribute to the consolidation of the national identity.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Le roman sentimental est un des genres les plus lus, les plus traduits et les plus diffusés. Malgré sa mauvaise réputation, il est étonnant de constater le nombre de ces romans vendus, tous pays confondus. Dans les Antilles, ce phénomène est particulièrement palpable : la présence, et la réception de ces œuvres témoignent de l’engouement pour le genre. Notre étude a pour objectif de dégager d’un corpus sentimental antillais les aspects les plus significatifs. Nous analyserons, d’une part, le schéma narratif élaboré en marge de celui proposé par le roman sentimental classique et, d’autre part, l’esthétique du quotidien mise en place pour créer un sentiment d’appartenance chez le lectorat. Il nous sera ainsi possible de mettre en évidence le discours socioculturel propre à ce genre et plus spécifiquement aux femmes antillaises. Par ailleurs, cette recherche postule que l'appropriation des invariants romanesques et l'élaboration d'une visée didactique participent à l'intégration du roman sentimental antillais dans la sphère des littératures « sérieuses ». Enfin, ce mémoire défend l’idée selon laquelle l’écriture romanesque des auteures étudiées contribue au projet littéraire antillais de réappropriation identitaire. / The sentimental novel is one of the most read, translated and accessible literary genres. Considering its sales rating, its frivolous reputation seems to be a misleading one. Indeed, in the Caribbean, the overall presence and reception of the novels is an indicator of its phenomenal popularity. We consider that the following aspects of the Caribbean sentimental novel are the most significant ones. Firstly, we underline that the specificity of the narrative patterns of these novels is due to its singularity vis-à-vis the canonical sentimental novel. Secondly, these novels tend to create a very strong sense of nationhood for the readers which are generated by a careful depiction of the everyday life. These previous aspects allow us to underscore the fact that the studied novels interact with the Caribbean social-cultural discourse while insisting on the topic of the female condition. This research brings to light the fact that the appropriation of the novelistic schemes as well as the didactic within allows to consider the Caribbean sentimental novel as a part of the institutionally recognized literary productions. Finally, our essay demonstrates that the novels of these “female writers” contribute to the consolidation of the national identity.