In a world in which current events increasingly evoke episodes from the past and former crises, understanding history becomes fundamental in order to build an informed solution strategy. Nevertheless, one should also recognize to leave one’s contemporary judgment and knowledge in the present, while dissecting the past for valuable insights. In this master thesis, I am submitting a research proposal to fellow students and the research community at large, which includes a case study that, firstly, analyses the Weimar Republic’s newspaper landscape and the lack of an extensive and centralized digitized archive of its widely decentralised press, and, secondly, analyses the transformation of language over time in a newspaper sample from the Aachener Anzeiger. Through the analysed sample and analysis, I wish to highlight the importance of understanding the past so that future adversities can be easier resolved by a combination of distant and close reading techniques. The interest in the history of Weimar Germany is steadily regaining momentum within and outside academia, as several contemporary events seem to establish a certain parallel with this short-lived first attempt at democracy that emerged after the end of the former German Empire. In this thesis, history will be analysed through the digital textual analysis of newspapers. The limitations of this approach will be illustrated and discussed, such as the challenges posed by decentralized archival material, the issues OCR encounters when digitizing the Fraktur typeface, and the deriving importance of digitizing such typeface to avoid historical erasure. Furthermore, the need to render such findings and research accessible to society at large is fundamental, as the contemporary political developments of our times affect everyone, whether they belong to academia or not. In the final chapter, new research pathways will be proposed and discussed, while also considering the case of contemporary history and politics and the essential aspects of digitization and social acceleration of life through technology.

Recent years have seen more and more companies digitize their logistics systems to varying degrees. Data sharing standards for the supply chain have appeared in different fields, such as ONE Record for air cargo transport, papiNet for the paper and forest industry. One of the existing challenges is that it is difficult to carry out horizontal integration between companies from different supply chains because they each use different data exchange standards. Hence it is challenging to achieve wider-scale sustainability in this case. DigiGoods (a Vinnova funded project) focused on bringing improvements through digitization and data sharing through participants in the logistics value chain. It proposes a data model to build its data exchange standard between supply chain partners for sharing data and synchronizing progress. This thesis explores how to integrate this standard with other existing standards, and on this basis, explores how to use machine learning to optimize forecasts in the supply chain. This thesis lays the foundation for the integration of standards in the supply chain, explores the application of machine learning in the supply chain, and applies machine learning algorithms in multiple stages to improve the accuracy of forecasts in the supply chain, thereby responding to the global crisis. The performance of eight machine learning models is tested and compared to find the optimal algorithm and parameters for each dataset. A prototype is implemented to combine the advantages of the eight models and demonstrate that multi-stage machine learning could improve the prediction results in the context of DigiGoods. / De senaste åren har allt fler företag digitaliserat sina logistiksystem i varierande grad. Datadelningsstandarder för leveranskedjan har dykt upp på olika områden, till exempel ONERecord för flygfrakt, papiNet för pappers- och skogsindustrin. En av de befintliga utmaningarna är att det är svårt att genomföra horisontell integration mellan företag från olika leveranskedjor eftersom de använder olika datautbytesstandarder. om förbättringar genom digitalisering och datadelning genom deltagare i logistikvärdekedjan. Den föreslår en datamodell för att bygga sina standarder för datautbyte mellan leverantörskedjepartner för att dela data och synkronisera framsteg. Denna utforskar hur man integrerar denna standard med andra befintliga standarder, och på denna grund undersöker man hur man använder maskininlärning för att optimera prognoser i leveranskedjan. Denna avhandling lägger grunden för integration av standarder i försörjningskedjan, utforskar tillämpningen av maskininlärning i leveranskedjan och tillämpar maskininlärningsalgoritmer i flera steg för att förbättra prognosernas noggrannhet i leveranskedjan och därmed svara på den globala krisen. Prestanda för åtta maskininlärningsmodeller testas och jämförs för att hitta den optimala algoritmen och parametrarna för varje datamängd. Aprototyp implementeras för att kombinera fördelarna med de åtta modellerna och visa att maskininlärning i flera steg kan förbättra förutsägelseresultaten inom ramen för DigiGoods.

Recent years have seen more and more companies digitize their logistics systems to varying degrees. Data sharing standards for the supply chain have appeared in different fields, such as ONE Record for air cargo transport, papiNet for the paper and forest industry. One of the existing challenges is that it is difficult to carry out horizontal integration between companies from different supply chains because they each use different data exchange standards. Hence it is challenging to achieve wider-scale sustainability in this case. DigiGoods (a Vinnova funded project) focused on bringing improvements through digitization and data sharing through participants in the logistics value chain. It proposes a data model to build its data exchange standard between supply chain partners for sharing data and synchronizing progress. This thesis explores how to integrate this standard with other existing standards, and on this basis, explores how to use machine learning to optimize forecasts in the supply chain. This thesis lays the foundation for the integration of standards in the supply chain, explores the application of machine learning in the supply chain, and applies machine learning algorithms in multiple stages to improve the accuracy of forecasts in the supply chain, thereby responding to the global crisis. The performance of eight machine learning models is tested and compared to find the optimal algorithm and parameters for each dataset. A prototype is implemented to combine the advantages of the eight models and demonstrate that multi-stage machine learning could improve the prediction results in the context of DigiGoods. / De senaste åren har allt fler företag digitaliserat sina logistiksystem i varierande grad. Datadelningsstandarder för leveranskedjan har dykt upp på olika områden, till exempel ONE Record för flygfrakt, papiNet för pappers- och skogsindustrin. En av de befintliga utmaningarna är att det är svårt att genomföra horisontell integration mellan företag från olika leveranskedjor eftersom de använder olika datautbytesstandarder. om förbättringar genom digitalisering och datadelning genom deltagare i logistikvärdekedjan. Den föreslår en datamodell för att bygga sina standarder för datautbyte mellan leverantörskedjepartner för att dela data och synkronisera framsteg. Denna utforskar hur man integrerar denna standard med andra befintliga standarder, och på denna grund undersöker man hur man använder maskininlärning för att optimera prognoser i leveranskedjan. Denna avhandling lägger grunden för integration av standarder i försörjningskedjan, utforskar tillämpningen av maskininlärning i leveranskedjan och tillämpar maskininlärningsalgoritmer i flera steg för att förbättra prognosernas noggrannhet i leveranskedjan och därmed svara på den globala krisen. Prestanda för åtta maskininlärningsmodeller testas och jämförs för att hitta den optimala algoritmen och parametrarna för varje datamängd. Aprototyp implementeras för att kombinera fördelarna med de åtta modellerna och visa att maskininlärning i flera steg kan förbättra förutsägelseresultaten inom ramen för DigiGoods

No / The very word "digital" has acquired a status that far exceeds its humble dictionary definition. Even the prefix digital, when associ­ ated with familiar sectors such as radio, television, photography and telecommunications, has reinvented these industries, and provided a unique opportunity to refresh them with new start-up companies, equipment, personnel, training and working practices - all of which are vital to modern national and international economies. The last century was a period in which new media stimulated new job opportunities, and in many cases created totally new sectors: video competed with film, CDs transformed LPs, and computer graphics threatened traditional graphic design sectors. Today, even the need for a physical medium is in question. The virtual digital domain allows the capture, processing, transmission, storage, retrieval and display of text, images, audio and animation without familiar materials such as paper, celluloid, magnetic tape and plastic. But moving from these media to the digital domain intro­ duces all sorts of problems, such as the conversion of analog archives, multimedia databases, content-based retrieval and the design of new content that exploits the benefits offered by digital systems. It is this issue of digital content creation that we address in this book. Authors from around the world were invited to comment on different aspects of digital content creation, and their contributions form the 23 chapters of this volume.

The dissertation examines the domestic experience of archival documents digitizing in order to understand occurring processes in the field of digitization of documents as well as to identify the main issues and ways of digitizing of documents in the Russian Federation. / В диссертации рассматривается отечественный опыт оцифрования архивных документов для того, чтобы лучше понять процессы, происходящие в сфере оцифрования документов, а также выделить основные проблемы и наметить пути развития оцифрования документов в Российской Федерации.

The cultural elements that define the identity of an ethnic group, are really important for its preservation through the ages. Language, traditions, costumes, dances, as parts of the cultural heritage, have a crucial role in it. Pontic Greeks, belong to a minority group that came to Greece after 1923. They struggled to stand on their feet again, and preserve their unique cultural characteristics.  Cuisine, as an important aspect of our everyday life, is easily conveyed from one to another. In this thesis, we examine the Pontic cuisine, as an element of the intangible cultural heritage and due to its importance regarding the preservation of the Pontic identity.  The most original recipes of Pontic cuisine, were gathered in their primarily form, through an interview with a local expert. Then they were digitized and transcribed in Omeka database. Further data were attributed in the Dublin Core metadata scheme in that database. Finally, the main discussion was focused on how preserving culinary traditions can help to preserve history and cultural identity altogether.

The article discusses the current state and potential of the Transcaspian Route, a transport route connecting Asia and Europe via Kazakhstan and the Caspian Sea. The route is intended as an alternative to the classic transport corridor through Russia, which became unfeasible due to the consequences of the war in Ukraine. The inductive qualitative research, where eight in-depth interviews with logistics service providers and political stakeholders along the route were conducted, explores four fields of action: Political Framework, Infrastructure, Cooperation, and Technology. The findings will offer guidance to policymakers, investors, and researchers for further developing and improving the usability of the route as a transportation alternative.

This study describes upper secondary school students' perception of the One-To-One digitization with a focus on the subject of social studies. The work also reports on whether there is any socioeconomic difference between students' perception of the OTO digitalization. The purpose is to create an understanding among the Swedish teaching staff about what students consider to be positive and negative about digitization. This is so that teachers can use this knowledge in their didactic and methodical planning to improve today's school results. The study was carried out with a mixed mode survey that was sent out to 210 students. The didactic triangle, the American didactic triangle, the extended didactic triangle and the “opportunity model” have been used as theory to analyze the results. The result shows that high school students in the subject of social studies think that digital aids are good and here to stay. However, the results also show that the students believe that the digital aids are negative for their school results due to the various disruptions digitization gives access to. The study does not show any notable differences from a socioeconomic perspective. The students appreciate the digitization but also emphasize the problems with the various disturbances as a negative aspect.

Detta arbete undersöker ämnet distansledarskap och kommunikation i samband med den utbredda användningen av distansarbete idag. Det introducerar samhälleliga förändringar och händelser som har lett till det ökade behovet av anpassning, särskilt i ljuset av pandemin Covid-19. Utmaningarna inom organisationer och sektorer som har drabbats hårt diskuteras, och betydelsen av ledarskap och dess förändringar i samband med distansarbete och digitala kommunikationsverktyg framhävs. Fördelarna med distansarbete, såsom ökad självständighet och flexibilitet, presenteras tillsammans med de utmaningar det medför, såsom social isolering och konflikter mellan arbete och privatliv. Det betonas att ledare måste hantera och övervinna dessa utmaningar. Problematiken kring distansledarskap i dagens komplexa arbetsmiljö, där kommunikation och samarbete huvudsakligen sker via digitala plattformar, diskuteras. Frågor om teamkänsla, isolering, förbättrad kommunikation och samarbete i den digitala arbetsmiljön utforskas. Vidare betonas vikten av att hantera och dra nytta av personalens kunskaper och erfarenheter samt upprätthålla en lärandeprocess och kontinuerlig utveckling i den digitaliserade världen. Syftet med studien är att undersöka ledarskapet i den digitaliserade arbetsmiljön efter covid-19-pandemin. Forskningsfrågorna fokuserar på hur distansarbete och användningen av digitala verktyg påverkar ledarnas förmåga att skapa och upprätthålla förtroendefulla relationer med medarbetarna samt vilka kommunikationsstrategier och ledarskapsmetoder som är mest effektiva för att främja motivation och engagemang hos distansarbetande medarbetare.  En teoretisk referensram presenteras för att definiera och utforska centrala begrepp och relevant teori inom områdena distansledarskap, kommunikation och digitalisering. Distansledarskap definieras som en ledarskapsform där ledaren styr och stödjer medarbetare som arbetar på avlägsna platser utan att vara fysiskt närvarande. Teknologins roll i distansledarskap för att möjliggöra kommunikation och samarbete över avstånd betonas. Utmaningar och möjligheter inom distansledarskap diskuteras, tillsammans med betydelsen av ledarskap och öppen kommunikation för att skapa en lärande organisation i den digitala eran. Forskningens metodologi beskrivs, med en kombination av enkätundersökningar och intervjuer för att samla in data. Enkäter användes för att ge en övergripande bild av distansledarskap och kommunikation, medan intervjuer användes för att få mer detaljerade svar och specifik information. / This paper explores the topic of remote leadership and communication in the context of the widespread use of remote work today. It introduces societal changes and events that have led to the increased need for adaptation, particularly in light of the Covid-19 pandemic. The challenges faced by organizations and sectors heavily affected are discussed, highlighting the significance of leadership and its transformations in relation to remote work and digital communication tools.  The benefits of remote work, such as increased independence and flexibility, are presented alongside the challenges it brings, such as social isolation and conflicts between work and personal life. It emphasizes that leaders must address and overcome these challenges. The issue of remote leadership in today's complex work environment, where communication and collaboration primarily occur through digital platforms, is discussed. Issues related to team cohesion, isolation, improved communication, and collaboration in the digital work environment are explored. Furthermore, the importance of managing and leveraging employees' knowledge and experiences while maintaining a learning process and continuous development in the digitized world is emphasized. The aim of the study is to investigate leadership in the digital work environment post the Covid-19 pandemic. The research questions focus on how remote work and the use of digital tools impact leaders' ability to establish and maintain trustful relationships with employees, as well as which communication strategies and leadership methods are most effective in fostering motivation and engagement among remote workers. A theoretical framework is presented to define and explore key concepts and relevant theories in the areas of remote leadership, communication, and digitization. Remote leadership is defined as a form of leadership where the leader guides and supports employees working in remote locations without being physically present. The role of technology in remote leadership to facilitate communication and collaboration across distances is emphasized. Challenges and opportunities in remote leadership are discussed, along with the significance of leadership and open communication in creating a learning organization in the digital era. The research methodology is described, employing a combination of surveys and interviews to gather data. Surveys were used to provide an overview of remote leadership and communication, while interviews were used to obtain more detailed responses and specific information.

This thesis draws on the theory of new materialism to posit an alternative approach to cultural heritage digitization. Modifying the method of critical digitization and synthesizing it with the method of thick description for the study of damaged cultural heritage, this thesis proposes the method weird digitization which seeks to challenge traditional selection criteria for cultural heritage digitization as well as challenging practices of mass digitization. Seeking to identify the cultural heritage objects that may be overlooked using traditional selection criteria as well as ones that may pose challenges to digitization, this approach seeks to highlight the value of damaged or otherwise “weird” cultural heritage while exploring how the digitization of these materials may practically be undertaken. This approach is practically assessed through the exploratory digitization and analysis of selected damaged photographs in the IKFF (Internationella Kvinnoförbundet för Fred och Frihet) collection housed within the KvinnSam (the Swedish National Resource Library for Gender Studies) archive at the Gothenburg University Library. The discussion explores the pragmatic, affective, and artistic benefits of such an approach to cultural heritage digitization.