The critical illness/injury of a family member warranting an admission to an A&E unit can predispose a family to psychological and physiological needs. The patient-centred-care approach rendered in an A&E unit focuses on the patient as a priority, resulting in the family’s needs being neglected during a crisis situation. Based on the Family Resilience Framework, the aim of this study was to assess the needs of the families of the critically ill/injured patients in an A&E unit. Based on the identified needs, recommendations were made with regard to a family-centred-care approach as a relevant resilience-based strategy suitable to these families. The research adopted a quantitative, non-experimental, exploratory and descriptive design. A purposive convenience sample of 100 participants was recruited over a period of four months. The data were collected by means of a structured interview schedule. The study revealed that the five main domains of family needs identified by the respondents as very important was, in order of priority, the need for communication, support, meaning, comfort and proximity. The findings supported the need to initiate and foster a family-centred-care approach in the A&E unit, which could guide the nurse practitioners in supporting the affected families, which in turn could enable these families to become resilient. Copyright / Dissertation (MCur)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Nursing Science / unrestricted

Emergency department nurses are at high risk for violence in the workplace (Keely, 2002; Fernandez et al., 1998; Nachreiner et al., 2005; Mayer et al., 1999). It is estimated that between 52% and 82% of emergency nurses will experience physical violence and 100% of emergency department nurses will experience non-physical violence in their careers. Despite this fact, there are limited studies examining workplace violence among this vulnerable group (Fernandez et al., 1998; Levin et al., 1998). Therefore, the purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to examine the experiences of emergency department nurses with workplace violence. Levin et al.’s (2003) Ecological Occupational Model (EOHM) was used to guide this study. Four focus groups were conducted with 27 nurses who represented different types of emergency departments (rural community facility to large urban Level 1 trauma center). Results of the study suggested that the majority of participants (96%) experienced some form of work-related violence and 75% had attended at least one violence education class. The major themes of frustration and powerlessness emerged from the data. Sub themes included professional conflict while caring for violent patients, personal detachment as an emotional survival mechanisms, and feelings of victimization. Additional factors contributing to workplace violence included: personal attributes of the nurse, the workplace, and the community where the emergency department was located. These study results have potential to guide intervention development aimed at reducing workplace violence in the emergency department setting.

Akutmottagningen spelar en central roll inom vården och samverkar med flera aktörer. På en akutmottagning arbetar olika professioner med patienter drabbade av akut sjukdom eller skada. Arbetet på akutmottagning sker ofta i team, och en specialistsjuksköterska inom akutsjukvård skall verka för god samverkan i team och främja en säker vård. Syftet var att belysa sjuksköterskors upplevelser och erfarenheter av teamarbete på akutmottagning.  Litteraturöversikt användes som metod och 15 artiklar analyserades med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatet innehåller tre kategorier och tio underkategorier. Kategorierna belyser teamarbetes komponenter, teamarbetes konsekvenser och faktorer som påverkarteamarbetet. Slutsatsen är att ledarskap, kommunikation och tydliga roller är viktiga komponenter inom teamarbete enligt sjuksköterskor. Bra teamarbete ger ett effektivt arbetssätt men påverkas av arbetsbelastningen. Teamarbete är av stor vikt för akutsjukvård då detta påverkar patientsäkerheten och arbetstillfredsställelsen hos medarbetare. Teamarbete kommer dock inte av sig själv utan behövs övas på. / The emergency department plays a central role in healthcare and collaborates with several actors. In an emergency department, various professions work with patients affected by acute illness or injury. The work in the emergency department often takes place in teams, and a specialist nurse in emergency care must work for good collaboration in teams and promote safe care. The purpose was to shed light on nurses' experiences and experiences of teamwork in the emergency department. Literature review was used as a method and 15 articles were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The results state contains three categories and ten subcategories. The categories that emerged were teamwork components, teamwork consequences and factors that influenced teamwork. The conclusion is that leadership, communication and clear roles are important components in teamwork according to nurses. Good teamwork provides an efficient way of working but is affected by the workload. Teamwork is of great importance for emergency care as this affects patient safety and job satisfaction among employees. However, teamwork does not come by itself but needs to be practiced.

Rapid changes in the healthcare environment increase the need for nurse practitioners to be motivated, knowledgeable and skilled in order to ensure quality patient care. Accident and emergency units are challenging environments and by ensuring that nurse practitioners work in an enabling environment, they should be motivated, skilled and knowledgeable and be able to think critically to enhance their own professional growth and emancipated practice. This in turn may increase the nurse practitioners’ job satisfaction, which in turn encourage job retention and may influence patient outcomes positively. A journey towards a shared vision namely “emancipatory practice development” was undertaken in an accident and emergency unit of a Level III public hospital. Following the diagnosis of an emergency situation, action research was applied to change the perceived toxic environment to an enabling environment. The study was conducted within the critical social theory paradigm and descriptive, explorative and contextual in nature. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were utilised. Throughout the action research for practitioners project, collaboration enhanced the emancipation of the nurse leaders, as key drivers of the process, as well as the nurse practitioners. Short and long-term actions were planned, implemented and amended based on observations and reflection following each cycle of the project. During this process a toxic environment was changed to an enabling environment, in which nurse practitioners were retained and additional spin-offs followed. Guidelines for the application and implementation of the process as utilised in this study were compiled to guide others who experience similar challenges. / Health Sciences / D.Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)

Depuis l’adoption de la Loi 90 en 2002, la Loi sur les infirmières et infirmiers (LII, article 36) confère une autonomie élargie aux infirmières en reconnaissant, notamment, leur compétence et leur responsabilité à l’égard de l’évaluation clinique qui est représentée dans cette loi comme l’assise de l’exercice infirmier (Pellerin, 2009; OIIQ, 2010). La collecte des données constitue une étape fondamentale du processus d’évaluation clinique (Dillon, 2007; Doyon, Brûlé & Cloutier, 2002; Pellerin, 2009; Weber & Kelley, 2007). L’infirmière d’urgence a une responsabilité majeure à l’égard de la collecte des données. En effet, elle œuvre auprès de clientèles de tous âges qui présentent des problèmes de santé variés, aigus et parfois urgents et doit souvent intervenir, sur la base de son évaluation clinique, avant qu’un diagnostic n’ait été établi ou que le patient n’ait été vu par le médecin (Newberry & Criddle, 2005). Or, malgré toute l’importance que revêtent dorénavant l’évaluation clinique et la collecte des données au sens de la loi, ce rôle de l’infirmière semble tarder à s’actualiser dans la pratique clinique. Le but de cette étude qualitative descriptive consiste à explorer les perceptions d’infirmières, de gestionnaires en soins infirmiers et d’infirmières ressources cliniques d’urgence relativement à la réalisation de la collecte des données. La norme clinique « collecte des données » (assessment) de l’Emergency Nurses Association (1999) constitue le cadre de référence de l’étude. Cinq entrevues individuelles semi-dirigées de 60 minutes ainsi qu’un groupe de discussion de 90 minutes ont été réalisés auprès d’infirmières d’urgence. Un deuxième groupe de discussion a également réuni deux gestionnaires en soins infirmiers et deux infirmières ressources cliniques de l’urgence. Les données recueillies ont été analysées selon l’approche proposée par Miles et Huberman (2003). Les résultats obtenus démontrent que les infirmières considèrent la collecte des données comme un aspect fondamental de leur pratique à l’urgence, qui contribue à améliorer la qualité et la sécurité des soins dispensés. Or, les résultats révèlent également que leur compréhension de la collecte des données est variable, que leur pratique est aléatoire et largement influencée par le modèle biomédical. Plusieurs facteurs influencent la pratique des infirmières relativement à la collecte des données notamment : la conception individuelle de la collecte des données et du rôle infirmier, les relations et l’interaction avec les membres de l’équipe des soins infirmiers et les autres professionnels ainsi que le soutien de l’organisation et des gestionnaires en soins infirmiers. Ce dernier facteur semble prépondérant dans le contexte de l’urgence et démontre que le soutien des gestionnaires et des infirmières ressources cliniques influence de façon importante la pratique dans les milieux cliniques. Cette étude propose des pistes de réflexion sur la formation académique, la formation continue, l’administration des soins infirmiers et la collaboration interprofessionnelle qui pourraient faciliter l’actualisation du rôle des infirmières à l’égard de la collecte des données et de l’évaluation clinique afin d’améliorer la qualité des soins dispensés à l’urgence. / Since the enactment of Bill 90 in 2002, the Nurses Act (section 36) gives nurses greater autonomy by recognizing their competency and responsibility in clinical assessment, featured in this Act as the corner stone of the nursing profession (Pellerin, 2009; OIIQ, 2010). Assessment constitutes a fundamental step in the clinical assessment process (Dillon, 2007; Doyon, Brûlé & Cloutier, 2002; Pellerin, 2009; Weber & Kelley, 2007). The emergency nurses have a major responsibility with regard to patient assessment. In fact, they work with patients of all ages that have various health problems that can be acute and sometimes urgent, and they must intervene, according to their clinical assessment, before a diagnosis has been established or the patient has seen a doctor (Newberry & Criddle, 2005). Yet, despite the importance now conferred by law on clinical assessment, this role has yet to be accepted as an integral part of clinical nursing. The aim of this qualitative descriptive study is to explore the perceptions of nurses, nursing managers and clinical resource nurses with regard to assessment. The clinical standard of the Emergency Nurses Association for patient assessment (1999) is the frame of reference for this study. Five 60-minute individual semi-structured interviews and a 90-minute discussion group were conducted with emergency nurses. A second discussion group included two nursing managers and two emergency clinical resource nurses. The data collected were analysed using the approach proposed by Miles and Huberman (2003). The results obtained show that nurses view patient assessment as a fundamental part of their emergency responsibilities that influences the improvement of the quality and security of the care given. However, the results also revealed that their understanding of assessment varies, and that this practice is random and largely influenced by the biomedical model. Several factors influence nursing practice regarding patient assessment, in particular: individual notions of assessment and the role of nurses, the relations and interactions between members of the nursing team and other professionals, as well as the support of the organisation and the nursing managers. This last is a leading factor in the context of the emergency department and shows that the support of the nursing managers and clinical resource nurses has an important impact on practice in clinical settings. This study proposes further areas of study focused on academic training, continuing professional education, nursing management and inter-professional collaboration that could facilitate the actualisation of nurses’ roles concerning patient assessment to improve the quality of care provided in the emergency department.

O conhecimento da prática dos enfermeiros em unidades de atendimento a agravos traumáticos, tanto no que se refere ao cuidado, quanto às atividades gerenciais é imprescindível diante da importância das urgências traumáticas no contexto de atenção à saúde. Este estudo teve como objetivo geral analisar a prática do enfermeiro em uma unidade de trauma, no âmbito do gerenciamento do cuidado bem como, caracterizar os agravos traumáticos atendidos, no ano de 2007, segundo variáveis demográficas, epidemiológicas e organizacionais, considerando os mecanismos do trauma. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, utilizando dados quanti e qualitativos. O estudo foi realizado em um hospital de ensino no interior do Estado de São Paulo-SP. Para a abordagem quantitativa utilizou-se como técnica de coleta de dados a pesquisa documental em base de dados secundários; a etapa qualitativa desenvolveu-se segundo as premissas de estudo de caso, utilizando técnicas de coleta de dados: observação participante e entrevista semi-estruturada. Os resultados evidenciaram como perfil dos agravos atendidos, homens na faixa etária de 20 a 30 anos, procedentes de Ribeirão Preto, vítimas de acidentes de transporte, nos finais de semana, entre 13h00min e 18h59min, o tempo de permanência hospitalar foi de 24 horas ou menos. Em relação aos índices de gravidade de trauma os casos de ISS com escore de 1-15 (trauma leve), decorrentes de acidentes de transporte, e o RTS superior a seis relacionados à maior probabilidade de sobrevida. A análise dos casos observados evidenciou aspectos importantes no tocante ao atendimento do paciente vítima de trauma, a saber: condições de acesso, organização da unidade, assistência/gerência de enfermagem. Evidenciou-se na sala de trauma, o gerenciamento do cuidado, centrado em atividades assistenciais e gerenciais. Assistenciais focadas no cuidado prestado ao usuário no microespaço da unidade e gerenciais que incluem a organização do acesso do paciente, da unidade, da equipe, de materiais e equipamentos. Cabe destacar que a abordagem assistêncial aparece de forma articulada às atividades gerenciais, caracterizando então o gerenciamento do cuidado exercido na unidade estudada. O enfermeiro tem importante papel na articulação de profissionais de saúde e de enfermagem bem como na mobilização de recursos para atenção ao paciente. Fragilidades na articulação, integração e comunicação, bem como nas limitações no uso da supervisão enquanto instrumento gerencial são aspectos que foram destacados como dificultadores do trabalho em equipe no contexto da sala de trauma. / The knowledge of nurses\' practice at units of attendance to traumatic injuries, both when it comes to care, and to management activities is indispensable due to the importance of traumatic emergencies in health care. This study\'s main goal was to analyze the practice of a nurse at a trauma unit, at care management, and also to report traumatic injuries treated, in 2007, under demographic, epidemiological and organizational parameters, considering trauma mechanisms. This is a descriptive study that uses quantitative and qualitative data. It was performed at a university hospital in the State of São Paulo-SP. For quantitative analysis, the documentary research of secondary data base was used as the data collection technique; the qualitative stage was developed under the case study rules, using data collection techniques: participative observation and semi structured interview. The results have shown as an average of injuries treated, men between 20 and 30 years old, from Ribeirão Preto, victims of traffic accidents, on weekends, between 13h00min e 18h59min, with hospitalization time of 24 hours or less. Regarding the trauma severity scores, cases with ISS scores of 1-15 (mil trauma), resulting from traffic accidents, and RTS higher than six related to higher survival probability. The analysis of observed cases has shown important aspects of the trauma victims\' care: access conditions, unit\'s organization, nursing assistance/management. In the trauma room, care management focused on assistance and management activities was noticed. Assistance activities are related to care given to the patient inside the space of the unit. And management activities that include the organization of: the patient\'s access, the unit itself, the staff, materials and equipment. It\'s important to note that the assistance approach comes related to management activities, though featuring the care management provided at the unit studied. Nurse plays an important role on linking health professionals and nurses themselves, and also on resource mobilization to patient care. Weaknesses on articulation, integration, communication, as much as limitations on using supervision as a management instrument, are aspects seen as hindering the team work at the trauma room.

O presente estudo focaliza os Riscos Ocupacionais (RO) do trabalho de enfermagem em unidades de Pronto Atendimento (PA) e os problemas de saúde apresentados pelos trabalhadores que ali atuam. O objetivo geral foi caracterizar os riscos ocupacionais existentes neste ambiente de trabalho. A pesquisa foi descritiva com análise quantitativa dos dados, realizada em duas unidades de PA da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Uberaba - MG, utilizando-se um instrumento do tipo questionário semi-estruturado. Tornaram-se sujeitos deste estudo 64 trabalhadores entre Enfermeiros, Técnicos e Auxiliares de Enfermagem, correspondendo a 55,17% dos trabalhadores de enfermagem, que atuam nestes locais. Os resultados demonstraram que a maioria dos sujeitos (84.4%) é do sexo feminino, com faixa etária entre 20 e 59 anos, casados (46.9%), apresentando a média de dois filhos. Predominam os auxiliares de enfermagem (70.3%), concursados (78.1%), com carga horária semanal variando de 44 a 136 horas. Os problemas de saúde mais evidenciados foram as algias (39.64%); as lesões causadas por materiais perfurocortantes predominaram (47.62%) entre os acidentes de trabalho ocorridos. Dentre os riscos ocupacionais, os psicossociais foram os mais manifestados (49.83%). A maioria dos trabalhadores de enfermagem que atuam nesses PA trabalha em dois ou mais turnos por dia, sendo, no mesmo local, ou em diferentes locais e este fato pode ser agravante para o surgimento dos problemas de saúde e acidentes de trabalho citados por eles. O ambiente de trabalho nessas unidades de PA é evidentemente estressante, o que justifica os Riscos Ocupacionais e as alterações de saúde encontradas. Medidas preventivas devem ser tomadas para minimizar os problemas encontrados. / This study is concerned with nursing occupational hazards in primary care units, and the related health problems shown by those professionals working there. The overall objective was to characterize the occupational hazards existing in this working environment. The presented study is a descriptive one, with data quantitative analysis, and was carried out at two local units in Uberaba Town, MG, Brazil, using as instrument a semi-structured questionnaire. A total of 64 professionals were used as subjects for the analysis, including nurses and nursing assistants, which correspond to 55.17% of the nursing professionals in those units. The results have shown that 84.4% of the subjects are women, aged between 20 and 59 years, married (46.9%) with two children on average. Most of them are nursing assistants (70.3%), holding permanent job positions, working between 44 and 136 hours a week. The most common health problems reported are pains (39.64%), while wounds caused by sharp objects were cited as the most common work accident (47.62%). Psychosocial situations were quoted as the main occupational hazard (49.83%). Most of the nursing professionals working in those units work two or more shifts a day, either in the same or different places. This may be a worsening condition for the arising of the health problems and work accidents reported by them. Thus, it can be concluded that the working environment in those primary care units is clearly stressing, which explains the occupational hazards and health problems that have been found. Preventive measures must be taken in order to minimize those problems.

Objetivo: Analisar a existência de correlações entre carga horária de trabalho com níveis de estresse ocupacional, reações fisiológicas do estresse e níveis de cortisol salivar, entre enfermeiros atuantes em unidade de emergência hospitalar. Metodos: Estudo descritivo, correlacional, transversal, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado na Unidade de Emergência do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, sendo a coleta de dados realizada no segundo semestre de 2011 e no primeiro de 2012, por meio de um questionário para caracterização amostral, Inventário de Estresse em Enfermeiros, Inventário das Reações Fisiológicas do Estresse e dispositivo Sallivette?. Houve aprovação de um Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa e compuseram a amostra 95 enfermeiros atuantes no período matutino. Utilizaram-se os Testes de Correlação de Spearmann e Pearson e o nível de significância considerado foi ?= 0,05. Para verificar a associação entre variáveis categorizadas, utilizou-se o Teste Exato de Fisher; a quantificação desta associação foi mensurada por meio de modelos de regressão logística em que se calculou odds ratio bruto com seus respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95%. Valores de p menores que 0,05 foram considerados significativos. Resultados: A maioria dos sujeitos eram mulheres, com faixa etária entre 23 e 61 anos, solteiras (44,2%) e casadas (43,2%). Com relação aos vínculos empregatícios, constatou-se que 80% dos enfermeiros tinham apenas um e 51,6% trabalhavam de 37 a 57 horas semanais. Quanto ao contrato na instituição, 68,4% foram contratados por meio de concurso público e tinham vínculo com o Estado, 55,8% não trabalhavam no período noturno e 80% desenvolviam suas atividades laborais em finais de semana e feriados. No tocante ao tempo de atuação na profissão, 51,6% referiram exercê-la de 0,1 a 10 anos e 56% atuavam no hospital em estudo pelo mesmo período. Quanto ao nível de estresse, 15,8% dos enfermeiros apresentaram níveis baixos, 69,5% moderados e 14,7% altos. As reações fisiológicas mais presentes foram dores lombares, fadiga/exaustão, rigidez no pescoço e acidez estomacal; tais reações apresentaram- se baixas em 46,3% dos sujeitos e moderadas em 42,1%. Com relação aos níveis de cortisol salivar, constatou-se que não houve resultados acima do valor de referência para a normalidade, sendo que 73,7% dos enfermeiros obtiveram valores dentro desta normalidade e 26,3% valores abaixo dela. A amplitude variou de 0,06 a 1,29 nm/ml. Não foi constatada correlação entre carga horária de trabalho e níveis de estresse ocupacional, reações fisiológicas do estresse e níveis de cortisol salivar. Conclusão: Embora a maioria dos enfermeiros trabalhasse por mais de 36 horas/semana, estes apresentaram níveis moderados de estresse ocupacional, fisiologicamente não estavam com reações elevadas de estresse e os níveis de cortisol não se mostraram aumentados; estes fatos podem ser explicados pela utilização de mecanismos de enfrentamento, levando em consideração suas histórias de vida, traços de personalidade, apoio social, clima organizacional, entre outros. Mesmo que a carga horária não se tenha correlacionado com o estresse, ela pode provocar fadiga e influenciar na ocorrência de erros interferindo na qualidade da assistência aos pacientes; portanto, a carga horária apresenta relevância no contexto da saúde do trabalhador / Objective: To analyze the correlations between workload and levels of occupational stress, physiological responses to stress and salivary cortisol levels among nurses working in an emergency unit. Methods: A descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study with quantitative approach, performed in the Emergency Unit of the Hospital das Clínicas of the University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto Medical School; data collection was carried out in the second half of 2011 and in first half of 2012 through a questionnaire for sample characterization, Stress Inventory for Nurses, Physiological Responses to Stress Inventory and device Salivette?. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee and the sample was consisted of 95 nurses working in the morning. The Spearman correlation tests and Pearson were used and the level of significance was ? = 0,05. To investigate the association between categorized variables, the Fisher\'s exact test was used; and the quantifying of this association was measured by means of logistic regression models in which the crude odds ratio was calculated with their respective confidence intervals of 95%. P values less than 0,05 were considered significant. Results: Most subjects were women, aged between 23 and 61 years old, single (44,2%) and married (43,2%). With respect to employment relationships, it was found that 80% of nurses had just one job and 51,6% worked from 37 to 57 hours a week. As for the contract in the institution, 68.4% were hired through civil service exam and were linked with the state, 55,8% did not work at night and 80% developed their work activities on weekends and holidays regarding the period of time in the profession, 51,6% reported practicing it from 0,1 to 10 years and 56% worked in the hospital for the same period. Related to the stress level, 15.8% of nurses had low levels, 69,5% moderate and 14,7% high. The physiological responses more common were back pain, fatigue/exhaustion, stiff neck and stomach acidity; such responses presented themselves low in 46,3% of subjects and moderate in 42,1%. With regard to salivary cortisol levels, it was observed that there were no results above the reference value for normality, and 73,7% of nurses had values within this normality and 26,3% values below it. The amplitude ranged from 0,06 to 1,29 nm/ml. There was no correlation between workload and levels of occupational stress, physiological responses to stress and salivary cortisol levels. Conclusion: Although the majority of nurses worked for more than 36 hours/week, they showed moderate levels of occupational stress, physiologically showed no elevated responses to stress and cortisol levels had not increased; these facts can be explained by the use of coping mechanisms, taking into account their life histories, personality traits, social support, organizational climate, among others. Even though the workload has not been correlated with stress, it can cause fatigue and influence the occurrence of errors, which interferes with quality of patient care; thus the workload has relevance in the context of occupational health

O prognóstico após a parada cárdio-respiratória (PCR) e reanimação cardio-pulmonar (RCP) depende de intervenções críticas, particularmente, do tempo de resposta entre a chamada de socorro ou resgate, até a chegada ao local onde se encontra a vítima, além das compressões torácicas eficazes, da desfibrilação precoce e do suporte avançado de vida. Para avaliar a eficácia e a adequação dos procedimentos de RCP durante a PCR, entidades e associações científicas se reuniram e elaboraram o Utstein Style out-of-hospital, cujas definições e instrumento, usados para registro do evento, têm sido amplamente utilizadas em todo o mundo, bem como para estudos publicados sobre atendimento à parada cardíaca. A adoção de um instrumento de consenso internacional levou a uma grande evolução guidelines de reanimação e a progressos científicos, possibilitando a troca de informações mais efetivas para promover comparações internacionais em relação aos procedimentos de ressuscitação tendo como propósito codificar variáveis, mensurar aspectos do processo e avaliar resultados dos atendimentos na PCR fora do hospital. Apesar do grande numero de PCR que ocorre no Brasil, não há, até então, um instrumento em nosso idioma adaptado à nossa realidade. Este trabalho teve pro objetivos realizar a tradução e adaptação cultural do Utstein Style out-of-hospital, com base nos pressupostos metodológicos de Guillemin (2002). O instrumento foi, também, testado em dois centros de atendimento pré-hospitalar para verificar a viabilidade de sua utilização. Como resultado deste estudo metodológico obtivemos um instrumento traduzido para o idioma português, com algumas modificações necessárias para sua adaptação à cultura nacional, sugeridas por um comitê de juizes e cuja aplicação, ainda que em pré-teste, permitiu verificar que os resultados obtidos assemelham-se aos dados internacionais. O maior número de causas de PCR ocorreu em adultos do sexo feminino (58,8%), com idade acima de 29 anos. Grande parte das paradas cardíacas foi identificada por espectador (47,0%), pelo Serviço Médico de Emergência (35,5) e pelo médico (17,5%). Quanto à ocorrência da PCR, 82,4% foi por causa desconhecida e 17,6% por trauma / The prognostic after the cardiac arrest and cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is dependent of critical interventions, particularly, time reply called until place, efficient chest compressions early defibrillation and the advanced life support. The definitions of the Utstein style and the instrument of register have been widely used in published studies of cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA), what it took to a great evolution and the progress for international consensuses on science and guidelines of resuscitation, making possible the exchange of information more effective to promote international auditorship in relation to the resuscitation procedures having as intention to codify variable, to measure aspects of the process and to evaluate resulted of the take care of in the CPA of the hospital. Currently several countries already use with this purpose. The Utstein was approved by the international committees. Although the great one number of CPA in Brazil, we did not possess an instrument in our language and adapted. This instrument underwent a process of translation into Portuguese, back-translation into its original language and finally analysis by a committee of judges to evaluate semantics, idiomatic, cultural and conceptual equivalences, with the authorization of the AHA, following the recommendations of Guillemin, revised in 2002. The instrument was tested in two centers the out-of-hospital attendance to verify the use of in the Brazilian country and making possible comparisons with international data, enriching adding the evolution of the CPR in the world. As result of this study we got an instrument translated into the Portuguese language, with some necessary modifications for its adaptation to the national culture, suggested for a committee of judges and whose application allowed verifying that the gotten results resemble it the international data. The biggest number of CPA causes occurred in adults, females (58.8%), with age above of 29 years. Great part of the CPA was identified by witness (47.0%), the Emergency Medical Service (35.5%) and by the physician (17.5%). Several occurrences of CPA, 82.4% it was for unknown cause and 17.6% for trauma

A parada cardiorrespiratória é um evento potencialmente letal, e a qualidade do atendimento prestado depende da agilidade, conhecimento e habilidade de toda a equipe envolvida. O desenvolvimento de um guia com os pontos relevantes a serem observados durante o atendimento à PCR intra-hospitalar surgiu em 1997, com a criação do In-Hospital Utstein Style por uma força tarefa de especialistas em atendimento e pesquisa em PCR. Trata-se de um guia que agrega informações acerca do atendimento à PCR, contendo um relatório padrão para coleta de dados, divido em variáveis: do paciente, do evento e de resultados, além de algumas informações adicionais. A criação de um relatório padrão de coleta de dados, permitiu uniformizar a linguagem, bem como o desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas, baseadas no mesmo modelo. Com a finalidade de disponibilizar o In-hospital Utstein Style para a realidade brasileira, este instrumento foi submetido ao processo de tradução e adaptação cultural, nas seguintes etapas: tradução para o português, retro-tradução para a língua de origem, análise por comitê de juízes para avaliação das equivalências semântica, idiomática, cultural e conceitual. O resultado deste processo gerou um instrumento para pré-teste, aplicado em 20 pacientes que sofreram PCR, com a finalidade de verificar o comportamento do instrumento em nossa realidade. As variáveis de resultado não foram coletadas, pois pressupõe o acompanhamento destes pacientes ao longo do tempo. A amostra foi constituída por 60,0% de homens, com idade média de 63 anos ±16,17. O ritmo de PCR mais comum foi atividade elétrica sem pulso (65,0%), o tempo médio para desfibrilar foi de 1,25 minutos. Assim como observado por pesquisadores internacionais, existem informações perdidas durante o atendimento, não registradas, prejudicando a coleta dos dados referentes a este momento. A análise dos dados, permite concluir que o instrumento é aplicável à realidade brasileira, tornando possíveis comparações com estudos internacionais, buscando melhor atendimento ao evento da PCR. A falta de preenchimento de alguns itens , principalmente aqueles referentes às variáveis do evento (coletados no momento da PCR), podem ser perdidos, por falta de preenchimento adequado do instrumento, por profissionais médicos e de enfermagem. O treinamento e incentivo para melhorar a quantidade e qualidade de registros, tornam possíveis, através da aplicação do Utstein Style conhecer cada atendimento feito e toda a assistência prestada, identificando prováveis falhas e principalmente investindo em qualidade de vida após o evento / Cardiopulmonary Arrest is a potentially lethal event in which the quality of the service rendered depends on agility, knowledge and the skills of all of the involved team. The development of the first guide identifying the significant points to be taken during the procedure of an in-hospital CPA appeared in 1997, with the creation of the In-Hospital Utstein Style by a task force of personnel specialized in attendance and research of CPA. This guide brings together information concerning CPA attendance and contains a standardized report for collecting data which is divided into the following variables: patient, event, and the outcome, as well as some other additional information. The creation of this standardized report for collecting data made it possible to standardize the language as well as to develop new research based on the same model. With the intended goal of making available, the In-hospital Utstein Style for Brazilian professionals, this instrument underwent a process of translation and cultural adaptation in the following steps: translation into Portuguese, back-translation into its original language and finally analysis by a committee of judges to evaluate semantics, idiomatic, cultural and conceptual equivalences. The outcome of this process resulted in a pre-test instrument applied to 20 patients who had had CPA in order to verify the behavior of this instrument according to our reality. The outcome variables were not collected, because it involved accompanying these patients over a lengthy period of time. The sample consisted of 60% men, with an average age of 63 years ±16, 17. The most common CPA rhythm was pulseless electrical activity (65%); the defibrillation average time was 1.25 minutes. Therefore, as verified by international researchers, there is a loss of information during the attendance, which is not-recorded, thus hindering the collection of data concerning the moment of the CPA. With the data analysis, we can conclude that the instrument is adaptable to the Brazilian reality, enabling further comparisons with international studies, therefore improving the care administered during the CPA event. The failure to complete some of the items principally those referencing the variables of the CPA event (that should have been collected at the CPA moment) could result in critical data being lost if not properly answered in the report done by attending medical and nursing personnel. Personnel trained and encouraged to improve the quantity and quality of date collection can make it possible, through the utilization of the Utstein Style, to better understand each attendance and assistance rendered, identifying possible failures and, above all, enabling further investments in quality of life after the arrest