My work leverages the dynamic processes the brain uses to compute visual stimuli to influence how viewers experience my work. My aim is to create a ripple effect as the brain processes the visual information I provide. My process begins with a camera. Focusing on the face, I see how much contextual information I can remove while still capturing the emotional expression of the subject. Before long, a photograph ends up next to a canvas where I will rebuild the image from the photograph using a myriad of expressionistic marks and colors to amplify the emotion. Recognizing human emotion is the first ripple I want the viewer to experience. Next, they will note secondary details about the person depicted. Last, they will notice the heightened textures, the amplified flaws, the abstraction of the mark – reminders that they are looking at nothing more than a medium applied to a two-dimensional surface.

This thesis is dedicated to illustrating the unique challenges of staging works by the playwright Tennessee Williams, and to making suggestions on how to avoid common pitfalls in production, performance, and direction of his plays. It uses evidence from the playwright’s various biographical works as well as insight and conjecture from the author’s experience to illuminate these challenges and help the reader to avoid hackneyed or ineffective staging practices. It touches on the effect of film adaptations on stage performances; the typical portrayal of American Southern characters onstage; the aural ramifications of Williams’s poetry to a now-visually-centered audience; stylistic elements similar to Williams’s contemporaries, including Rice, Brecht, O’Neill, and others; the delicacy of Williams’s signature meter and rhythm in his plays; dramaturgical groundwork in the playwright’s intentions; and a systemization of archetypical Williams characters. This thesis does not prescribe a cut-and-dried set of rules and regulations for performing Williams’s works, for the simple reason that the Williams canon is so diverse that no singular set of “tricks” will be effective in every play. Furthermore, the author understands that a producer, director, or actor will not find use in all facets of a rigid “system”. The thesis does outline a number of practices whose aims are to make productions more effective from an integral perspective. There are exercises to attempt, questions to pose, and matters to consider in the staging of Williams’s plays during any part of production—from in-class reading to designing the scenery, and from deciding why to put a Williams play in a season to the living moments of an actor’s performance. The thesis aims to be helpful, informative, and accessible, rather than doctrinaire: much like the playwright’s works, its purpose is to illuminate dark corners of something that viewers think they already fully understand.

In 1998, the Museum of Modern Art held a retrospective exhibition of artworks by Jackson Pollock. Curators Kirk Varnedoe and Pepe Karmel worked in an art historical context that had been significantly shaped by the early critical writings by Clement Greenberg and Harold Rosenberg. The curators’ stated intention for the exhibition installation was to provide “a fresh chance for new generations of artists to come to terms with a legendary figure” and to enable “the broader public to reassess a quintessentially American artist in light of three decades of new scholarship,” without “ hewing to any particular critical dogma.” Despite this curatorial intention, this thesis examines the ways in which the retrospective inscribed Greenberg’s and Rosenberg’s theories, while disregarding subsequent scholarship that did not explicitly inscribe or align with the mid-century criticism in its account of Jackson Pollock.

This thesis examines how Ernst Ludwig Kirchner reconceived the female nude within the two contexts of Expressionism and the German nudist movement. In particular, it looks to Kirchner’s early paintings, executed between 1909 and 1914, of female nudes in landscape settings to determine how Kirchner operated within and departed from the conventions of the female nude. This thesis challenges the feminist critique of Expressionist painting and Kirchner’s female nudes. It also examines how Kirchner’s female nudes in landscapes are complicated by the early twentieth-century development of German nudism. While these paintings are often categorized as bathers following nineteenth-century French precedent, they in fact are unique products of die Brücke philosophy.

SYNOPSIS This thesis is devoted to German-speaking dramatists in Prague in the years between 1910 and 1938. The author of this thesis tries to research and emphasize the themes that were the most frequent in their production. The largest space is devoted to expressionist and by expressionism influenced drama. Another objective of this thesis is to integrate the work of these playwrights in the wider socio-cultural context, taking into account the specific atmosphere of Prague as a multicultural and multiethnic city, influenced by the mutual relationship between the three most widespread national minorities. KEYWORDS Prague German literature, expressionism, drama, theatre.

[pt] A obra de Rui de Oliveira é uma das mais importantes coleções de ilustração da América Latina. Esta pesquisa propõe-se a observar o trabalho do ilustrador Rui de Oliveira, especificamente sua obra em preto e branco. Com uma atenção especial voltada aos elementos das obras que remontam às influências do cinema expressionista, que por sua vez, carrega heranças do teatro e suas técnicas narrativas. A pesquisa observa atentamente a construção da dramaticidade expressionista por seus mais importantes representantes no cinema. O trabalho estabelecerá por fim, relações estreitas entre obras específicas do ilustrador com obras representativas do cinema expressionista, através da análise visual de elementos formais. / [en] Rui de Oliveiras work is one of the most important collection of illustrations in the Latin America. This research proposes an observation on Rui de Oliveiras work, specifically his black and white illustrations. With a special attention to the works elements that reminisce to the expressionist movies influences, which, in turn, inherit aspects from the theatre and its narrative techniques. The research carefully observes the construction of the expressionist drama by its main representatives in the movies. In the end, this work will establish the narrow relationship between specific works by Oliveira and important selected pieces from expressionist films, through a careful visual analysis of their formal elements.

O objetivo desta tese é trabalhar os indícios da leitura do expressionismo alemão feita por Mário de Andrade, vinculados a um diálogo que implica apropriação, ou seja, a criação poética ou teórico-estética do modernista brasileiro, vinculada ao \"Prefácio interessantíssimo\", a poemas de Paulicéia desvairada, à poesia em Losango cáqui e em Clã do jabuti, bem como à poética traçada em A escrava que não é Isaura. Pesquisa que se inscreve no estudo de biblioteca de escritores, na crítica genética, inclina-se sobre o diálogo intertextual que as notas autógrafas, nas margens de obras, e a leitura não anotada instaura. A tese compõem-se de duas partes. A primeira, o ensaio, explora o encontro e o débito da criação de Mário de Andrade com poetas na antologia Menschheitsdämmerung, e com os teóricos do movimento Worringer, Pinthus, Landsberger e Schreyer. A segunda, uma edição eletrônica (CD-ROM) apresenta, em fac-símile, o conjunto das leituras e das anotações do escritor/leitor, acompanhado da transcrição diplomática dessas notas e de dados históricos a respeito de autores, livros e revistas do expressionismo. / The objective of this thesis is to work on the traces of expressionism reading made by Mário de Andrade, connected with a dialogue which implies an apprehension, that is, the Brazilian modernist´s poetical and theoretical-esthetical creation, related to \"Prefácio Interessantíssimo\", the poems from Paulicéia desvairada, the poetry in Losango cáqui and Clã do jabuti, as well as the poetics developed in A escrava que não é Isaura. This research is articulated with the study of writer´s library and genetic criticism, focusing, therefore, on intertextual dialogue established by handwritten notes in the margin of books or even by readings without notes. The thesis is composed of two parts: the first, an essay, exploits the encounter and debt of Mário de Andrade`s creation with poets from the Menschheitsdämmerung antology and also with theoreticians from the movement (Worringer, Pinthus, Landsberger and Schreyer). The second part, an electronic edition (CD-ROM), presents in fac-simile, the total of readings and notes from the writer/reader, followed by diplomatic transcription of these notes and historical information on expressionist authors, books and magazines.

Tradução intersemiótica do conto Nenhum, nenhuma, de João Guimarães Rosa, para a linguagem cênica, num exercício de transliteração da prosa para a encenação. Ordenado de maneira sistematizada, esse processo de encontro da linguagem rosiana com a linguagem cênica mostra a transformação do conto em uma encenação, a partir de sistemas semióticos de análise para a construção de signos cênicos, numa intensa dialética entre prática e teoria. Numa reflexão estética, a Autora funda sua busca nas experimentações das relações e das modulações de inflexão da oralidade do conto rosiano dentro do espaço cênico, partindo do pressuposto de que a representação cênica é um amálgama de estratégias, antevistos por ela, como pesquisadora e como encenadora, direcionando, nesta condição, a re-produção dos efeitos, para o público. O resultado dessa incursão constitui a dramatização O Caminhar das Sombras Imemoriais. Processo de encontro que será re-vivenciado, no Teatro, pela Banca Examinadora e espectadores. / Intersemiotic translation of the short story Nenhum, Nehuma by Guimarães Rosa, into scenic language, in a transliteration exercise from prose to performance. Arranged in a systematized manner, this meeting process between Guimarães Rosa\'s and scenic language shows the transformation of the short story into a staged performance by using semiotic systems of analysis to build scenic signs in an intense dialectics between theory and practice. From a aesthetic reflection, the author bases her search in the experimentation of the oral expression relations and modulations in Rosa´ short stories within a scenic space, assuming that the scenic representation is an amalgam of organised strategies, anticipated by her as a researcher and theatre director, directing, as such, the reproduction of the effects to the audience. The result of this incursion constitutes the dramatisation The Walking of the Immemorial Shadows. This process the encounter should be re-experienced, in the theatre by the Board of Examination and spectators.

Desde a publicação de Angústia, em 1936, tem-se observado que a crítica dedicoulhe uma atenção desigual, não a colocando em realce como se pretende neste trabalho. O intuito da análise da obra de Graciliano Ramos, (1892 AL 1953 RJ), é destacar sua importância e singularidade no cenário da Literatura Brasileira, distinguindo-a das obras produzidas na década de 1930; aproximando-a daquelas que são símbolo de modernidade, obras essas, marcadas pelo distanciamento do realismo presente, na literatura, até o final do século XIX (Hauser); observando o pensamento de Graciliano quanto a seu projeto político e literário, presentes em Angústia. Esta análise faz aproximações com a estética expressionista e com a Nova Objetividade; no caso do Expressionismo, associando-o às imagens grotescas encontradas com freqüência nessa obra de Graciliano e, quanto a Nova Objetividade, esta se aproxima da visão crítica às instituições sob o olhar do protagonista; observa também a construção da personagem, um homem solitário, isolado, segundo Fehér, em uma sociedade social. / Since Angústia was published in 1936 it has been observed that the critic has devoted uneven attention to it by not highlighting it as this present work attempts. The aim of this analysis of the work of Graciliano Ramos (1892 AL 1953 RJ) is to emphasize its importance and singularity in the Brazilian Literature scenario, by distinguishing it from other works produced in the 1930s and approaching it to the ones that are symbols of modernity and therefore, are marked by the distancing of realism that was present in literature until the end of the 20th century (Hauser) and also observing Gracilianos political and literary project present in Angústia. This analysis makes relations with the expressionist aesthetics and with the New Objectivity. Expressionism is associated to the grotesque images frequently found in this work by Graciliano whereas the New Objectivity is related to the critical view of institutions in the eyes of the protagonist. It also observes the construction of the character, a lonely man, isolated, according to Fehér, in a social society.

Orientador: João Batista Toledo Prado / Banca: Carlos Lévy / Banca: Paulo Martins / Banca: Brunno Vinícius Gonçalves Vieira / Banca: Márcio Thamos / Resumo: A crítica mais tradicional ao poeta latino Ovídio, tendo como base o biografismo, tendeu a ver, nos poemas do exílio, obras inferiores àquelas das outras fases de sua produção poética. O motivo para isso foi a credulidade nas afirmações deterministas do próprio enunciador ovidiano, presentes nas elegias do desterro, de que as condições adversas de escrita seriam responsáveis por textos com menos qualidade estética que os anteriores. No entanto, comparando-se elegias dessa fase com as de sua fase erótico-amorosa, percebe-se um mesmo estilo, perene, que perpassa toda sua produção elegíaca. Esse estilo de composição, fundado na utilização mais livre de recursos expressivos, também foi responsável pelo fato de o poeta latino ter sido tachado, por parte de seus estudiosos, como retórico e exagerado. Contudo, as análises feitas aos textos indicam que a utilização de figuras de linguagem na composição dos versos sugere novas possibilidades de sentidos textuais. Assim, há homologação entre os planos da expressão e do conteúdo, em que relações fonológicas, no texto, também constituem relações semânticas. Deste modo, questiona-se o biografismo como método de análise, pelo que ele condiciona e delimita os estudos a respeito de Ovídio. Propõem-se, em contrapartida, análises que levem em conta, de forma predominante, relações interdiscursivas, ou seja, aquelas que, privilegiando a verificação e interpretação dos recursos expressivos, possam trazer novas leituras / Résumé: La critique la plus traditionnelle, sur la base du biographisme, avait la tendance à voir les poèmes du exil inférieurs aux poèmes de la phase amoureuse d'Ovide. La raison en était la crédulité aux vers déterministes du énonciateur ovidien, présentes dans le recueil des Tristes. Selon cet énonciateur, les conditions défavorables du banissement seraient responsables pour une rédaction moins élaborée en esthétique que celle des vers des oeuvres précédentes. Mais la comparaison entre les élégies de cette phase e les autres de la phase dite amoureuse montre un même style, qui semble imprégner toute sa production élégiaque . Ce style de composition, fondé sur l'utilisation libre de l'expressivité artistique, était également responsable du fait que le poète latin a été marqué, par divers chercheurs, comme rhétorique et exagéré . Cependant, les analyses des textes qu'ont été faites au cours du travail de recherche indiquent que l'utilisation de figures de style dans la composition des vers suggère des nouvelles possibilités de significations textuelles. Ainsi, il y a une espèce d'approbation entre les deux plans du langage, le plan de l'expression et le plan du contenu, qui permet voir que les relations phonologiques dans le texte sont aussi des relations sémantiques. On s'interroge, alors, sur la pertinence des études qu'ont le biographisme comme une méthode d'analyse, car il détermine trop et délimite généralement les études sur Ovide. Par contre, il faut proposer des analyses qui mettent en scène une attention spéciale aux relations interdiscursives - entre les poèmes d'Ovide -, c'est à dire, celles qui privilégient la vérification et l'interprétation des figures de style qui traversent les élégies des différentes phases d'écrite du poète e qui peuvent apporter, comme conséquence, des nouvelles lectures / Doutor