El empleo del término feminicidio por primera vez, ha contribuido a poder evidenciar una problemática existente en la sociedad que produce la muerte de miles de mujeres alrededor del mundo. En ese marco, en el escenario internacional se han celebrado diversos instrumentos, los mismos que han repercutido en nuestro país, y se han traducido en la adopción de diversos mecanismos que tienen como fin desincentivar este tipo de delitos y proteger de una mejor forma los derechos e intereses de la población femenina. Estas medidas implementadas han sido criticadas por diversos autores debido a sus implicancias prácticas y a su efectividad. Por este motivo, el presente artículo analizará la normativa peruana desde la perspectiva de los fines del derecho penal para poder determinar y arribar a una conclusión acerca de la eficiencia de las mismas. / The use of the term feminicide for the first time has contributed to highlighting a problem that exists in society that causes the death of thousands of women around the world. Within this framework, various instruments have been signed on the international scene, the same ones that have had an impact on our country, and have resulted in the adoption of various mechanisms that aim to discourage this type of crime and better protect rights and interests of the female population. These implemented measures have been criticized by various authors due to their practical implications and their effectiveness. For this reason, this article will analyze the Peruvian regulations from the perspective of the purposes of criminal law in order to determine and reach a conclusion about their efficiency. / Trabajo de investigación

Este trabajo de investigación, presenta la narrativa periodística del noticiero peruano ATV, en relación a su cobertura del caso Camila, y del noticiero mexicano Imagen Noticias, por su despliegue narrativo sobre el caso Fátima. En ambos casos se emiten notas sobre feminicidio en niñas, en los que el rol de la madre es más perseguido que el del asesino. Debido a estos sucesos, este trabajo analizará la narrativa periodística, pues es sumamente importante tener en cuenta la forma en la que son contados los hechos, ya que los medios de comunicación son fuentes claves de información y de percepción de los hechos por parte de sus televidentes. / This investigative work presents the journalistic narrative of the Peruvian newscast ATV, about its coverage of the Camila case, and of the Mexican newscast Imagen Noticias, for its narrative unfolding on the Fátima case. Both cases issued on femicide in girls, in which the role of the mother is more persecuted than of the murderer. Due to these events, this document will analyze the journalistic narrative, since it is important to take into account how the facts are told since the media are key sources of information and perception of the facts by their viewers. / Trabajo de investigación

Gender violence in Mexico is a problem that affects its society on a long- term basis. Its most extreme form known as feminicide, that is a gender- based murder of women, appears with so much frequency that it can be considered a structural problem yet. Mexico is one of the countries with most cases in Latin America, however, insufficient and ineffective measures taken by the state facilitate their perpetration which is often immune from prosecution. This thesis aims to approximate the issue to the reader and explain the concept of feminicide in given context within its complexity. For that purpose, a process tracing analysis of two selected cases is done; starting from their perpetration to their sentencing by judicial instances. The sentences of both cases became very important milestones. The factors that contributed to the outcome are tracked and afterwards a comparison of tracked causal mechanisms is done. As it was already mentioned, the cases were not selected randomly. Not only are they important for their sentences, but moreover they took place in two Mexican states with traditionally high numbers of committed feminicides, that is in Chihuahua and Mexico State. The results of the analysis suggest that even though Mexico has signed the most important international conventions about women's...

El contexto sociocultural del Perú, se viene desarrollando en un entorno violento hacia la mujer, donde la prensa cumple un rol relevante como medio difusor en temas de violencia contra ella y responsabilidad hacia sus receptores. Justamente, los medios de comunicación tienen la capacidad de proporcionar modelos de género y actuación social. En ese sentido, este trabajo tiene como interés principal comprender las características que tuvo la cobertura mediática de Mano Alzada y el Trome sobre la desaparición (2018) y el feminicidio (2020) de Solsiret Rodríguez Aybar con relación al periodismo feminista y sensacionalista; identificando sus limitaciones y posibilidades en su configuración por construir un discurso sólido para sus lectores. Los conceptos para concretar la investigación, se basan en la cobertura mediática, el tratamiento de noticias sobre mujeres, la espectacularización y la nota roja. Se propone un análisis de discurso que incorpora la revisión y comparación de notas informativas a través de un enfoque descriptivo y crítico. / The sociocultural context of Peru has been developing in a violent environment towards women, where the press plays a relevant role as a means of disseminating issues of violence against them and responsibility towards their recipients. Precisely, the media have the capacity to provide models of gender and social performance. In this sense, this work's main interest is to understand the characteristics of the media coverage of Mano Alzada and the Trome on the disappearance (2018) and feminicide (2020) of Solsiret Rodríguez Aybar in relation to feminist and sensationalist journalism; identifying its limitations and possibilities in its configuration to build a solid discourse for its readers. The concepts to carry out the investigation are based on media coverage, the treatment of news about women, the spectacularization and the red note. A discourse analysis is proposed that incorporates the review and comparison of informative notes through a descriptive and critical approach. / Tesis

Esta tesis tiene como objetivo identificar las características de los comentarios de los usuarios de Facebook frente a las noticias de feminicidios, tras la aparición de diversos medios que difunden el trabajo de los profesionales de la información en esta red social, como lo es el diario “El comercio” con su página de Facebook. El estudio comienza con la investigación, en el marco teórico, revisando el poder de las redes sociales, su extensión y la violencia de género implementada por los cibernautas peruanos. Seguidamente se resalta la importancia y poder que tienen los medios de comunicación sobre la población, así como el tipo de discurso empleado al momento de informar sobre las noticias de feminicidio. Finalmente, se comienza con el análisis de comentarios frente a las noticias de feminicidio, con el fin de identificar las características de estos, así como las distintas posturas expresadas por los cibernautas y el tipo de lenguaje implementado por ellos, para llegar a las conclusiones de la investigación. Al considerar lo anteriormente mencionado, la relevancia de la presente tesis se basa en entender la recepción de los usuarios del diario el comercio frente a las noticias de feminicidio en Facebook. / This thesis aims to identify the characteristics of Facebook users' comments regarding femicide news, after the appearance of various media that disseminate the work of information professionals on this social network, such as the newspaper " The trade ”with his Facebook page. The study begins with the investigation, in the theoretical framework, reviewing the power of social networks, its extension and gender violence implemented by Peruvian netizens. Next, the importance and power of the media over the population is highlighted, as well as the type of discourse used when reporting news of femicide. Finally, it begins with the analysis of comments in front of the femicide news, in order to identify the characteristics of these, as well as the different positions expressed by netizens and the type of language implemented by them, to reach the conclusions of the investigation. Considering the aforementioned, the relevance of this thesis is based on understanding the reception of young users regarding the news of femicide on Facebook. / Trabajo de investigación

[pt] A adoção do feminicídio na legislação brasileira representa, para o movimento feminista, o reconhecimento da misoginia estrutural como causa dessas mortes violentas de mulheres, enunciativa da opressão de gênero por meio do direito. Além disso, essa nomeação promoveria uma mudança essencial da atuação do sistema de justiça no julgamento desses crimes, anteriormente realizados com base na culpabilização da vítima, no julgamento moral de sua conduta e, consequentemente, na discriminação de gênero. Sendo assim, a partir da Teoria Feminista do Estado de Catharine Mackinnon e dos parâmetros instituídos pela Lei 13.104/15 e pelas Diretrizes Nacionais do Feminicídio, pretende-se investigar a incorporação da perspectiva de gênero nos julgamentos de feminicídios nos Tribunais do Júri da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro, ocorridos após a entrada em vigor da referida lei. / [en] The adoption of feminicide in Brazilian legislation represents, for the feminist movement, the recognition of structural misogyny as the cause of these violent deaths of women, enunciative of gender oppression through the law. Furthermore, this naming would promote an essential change in the acting of the justice system in the judgment of these crimes, previously held on the basis of blaming the victim, on the moral judgment of her conduct and, consequently, on gender discrimination. Therefore, based on Catharine Mackinnon s Feminist Theory of the State and the parameters established by Law 13.104/15 and the National Guidelines on Feminicide, the work intends to investigate the incorporation of the gender perspective in feminicide trials in the Jury Courts of the City of Rio de Janeiro, which occurred after the entry into force of that law.

[EN] The main purpose of our study are artistic practices that focus on violence against women, captive and silenced, in the structural heart of the cultural idea of family and home, but also will consider the invisibility of women in the sphere of art or low participation. Discuss how building since patriarchy has imposed home and family far, in many cases, be a place of safety and love as advocated, and that protected the privacy of the four walls, abuse, violence comment before emptying into the femicide. We have limited the period of the first decade of our century, between 2004- 2014, but significant work covering both Spanish and foreign artists, in order to provide a rough picture of what type of representation is circulating critically about violence gender and femicide in the field of family and home, Moreover, what types of representations are being carried out by these committed artists and what they have spread through fairs or art institutions, in order to see if the invisibility extends to the field professional woman artist. / [ES] El objeto principal de nuestro estudio son las prácticas artísticas que se centran en la violencia contra la mujer, cautiva y silenciada, en el seno estructural de la idea cultural de familia y de hogar, si bien además, contemplará la invisibilidad de la mujer en la esfera del arte o su baja participación. Analizaremos cómo la construcción que desde el patriarcado se ha impuesto de hogar y familia dista, en muchas ocasiones, de ser un lugar de seguridad y de amor como se propugna, y que protegido por la intimidad de las cuatro paredes, se comenten abusos, violencia hasta desembocar en el feminicidio. Hemos acotado el período a la primera década de nuestro siglo, entre 2004-2014, pero abarcando obra significativa tanto de artistas españolas como extranjeras, con el fin de ofrecer un panorama aproximado sobre qué tipo de representación está circulando de modo crítico sobre la violencia de género y los feminicidios en el ámbito de la familia y del hogar, dentro del arte. Por otra parte, qué tipos de representaciones se están llevando a cabo por parte de estas artistas comprometidas y qué difusión tienen a través de las ferias, o instituciones de arte,con el fin de ver si la invisibilidad se extiende hasta el ámbito profesional de la mujer artista. / [CA] L'objecte principal del nostre estudi són les pràctiques artístiques que se centren en la violència contra la dona, captiva i silenciada, en el seno estructural de la idea cultural de família i de la llar, si bé a més, contemplarà la invisibilitat de la dona en la esfera de l'art o la seva baixa participació. Analitzarem com la construcció que des del patriarcat s'ha imposat de llar i família dista, en moltes ocasions, de ser un lloc de seguretat i d'amor com es propugna, i que protegit per la intimitat de les quatre parets, es comenten abusos, violència fins a desembocar en el feminicidi. Hem acotat el període a la primera dècada del nostre segle, entre 2004-2014, però abastant obra significativa tant d'artistes espanyoles com estrangeres, per tal d'oferir un panorama aproximat sobre quin tipus de representació està circulant de manera crítica sobre la violència de gènere i els feminicidis a l'àmbit de la família i de la llar dins l'art. D'altra banda, quins tipus de representacions s'estan duent a terme per part d'aquestes artistes compromeses i què difusió tenen a través de les fires, o institucions d'art, per tal de veure si la invisibilitat s'estén fins a l'àmbit professional de la dona artista. / Galán Huertas, M. (2015). Cautivas del silencio. Representaciones en el arte contra la violencia simbólica y estructural en el hogar (2004-2014) [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/57489 / Premios Extraordinarios de tesis doctorales

The present study shows and analyses how bodies codified as women’s bodies can resist in an extreme violence context situated in Ciudad Juárez on the México-U.S. border. To be resistant or to make resistance in these circumstances can be represented in different ways, through social and civic movements, art, literature and weapons. How these women’s bodies seem and how their resistance is and what they represent is the line of investigation of this study. This resistance is a direct confrontation to the feminicide and the diverse forms of violence against bodies codified as women exercised by men. As well as the peripheral feminisms it is a confrontation to a cis hetero-patriarchal capitalist context. Women’s bodies are the territory or the stage where violence, terror, power and exploitation converge. The reaction and rejection to this situation by a diverse collective of women highlights the struggle and the activism that these groups have as a way of life, a way of dissent and finally a way of resistance.

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