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“Det är bättre för dem att vara på jobbet för de har ett helvete hemma” : En intervjustudie om hur första linjens chefer inom vård- och omsorg arbetar med våld i nära relationer / It's better for them to be at work because they have hell at home : An interview study on how first-line managers in health and social care work with domestic violenceGällstedt, Pernilla, Eklund, Emelie January 2023 (has links)
Våld i nära relationer klassas som ett folkhälsoproblem och studier visar att arbetsplatsen kan ha en viktig funktion att hjälpa och stötta våldsutsatta personer (Charlott, Cleroux, Lopez & Scott, 2021; Holmgren & Grünbaum, 2021, s. 45; Strand, 2022, s. 51). Mäns våld mot kvinnor, våld i nära relationer och hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck innebär att våldet utövas av en person som finns i den utsatta personens närhet. Kvinnor är i högre grad utsatta för våld än män. Inom vård- och omsorgsverksamheten är cirka 80 procent av de anställda kvinnor (Strand, 2020, ss. 27-28; Hydén, Överlien, Ericson, Wiman & Grönberg Eskel, 2016, s. 3; SKR, 2016). Att vara utsatt för våld i nära relationer kan ha negativ inverkan på arbetsförmågan (Skoog Waller, 2022). Jämställdhetsmyndigheten (2022) uppmanar arbetsgivare att arbeta aktivt med att identifiera och förebygga våld i nära relationer hos medarbetare. Arbetsplatsen kan agera som en fristad för personer som är utsatta för våld i nära relationer vilket belyser arbetsplatsens viktiga funktion (Katula, 2012). Därav är det intressant att undersöka hur första linjens chefer inom den kommunala vård- och omsorgen arbetar med våld i nära relationer. Syftet med studien är att öka kunskapen om hur första linjens chefer inom kommunal vård- och omsorg arbetar med våld i nära relationer om medarbetaren är utsatt för våld. Studien har genomförts med en kvalitativ metod och urvalet bestod av tio första linjens chefer inom kommunal vård- och omsorgsverksamhet från nio olika kommuner i Sverige. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes och en kvalitativ innehållsanalys användes för att bearbeta texten. Utifrån studiens syfte att öka kunskapen om hur första linjens chefer arbetar samt vilka faktorer som kan påverkar första linjens chefers arbetssätt om medarbetare är utsatta för våld i nära relationer. Detta för att kunna ge stöd åt medarbetare som är utsatta för våld. Då det är arbetssätt som ska studeras förefaller det sig lämpligt att tolka innehållet i intervjuerna med hjälp av begreppen Förstå, Vilja och Kunna från Lundquist (1992, ss. 75-77) implementeringsteori. Dessa tre begrepp är en förutsättning för att införa arbetssätt därför har dessa begrepp använts som tolkningsstöd i analysarbetet. I resultatet visade det sig att ledarskapsstilen har betydelse i mötet med personer som är utsatt eller har varit utsatta för hot och våld i nära relationer. Ytterligare framkom att nio av tio chefer saknar rutiner kring stöd för medarbetare som är utsatta för våld i nära relationer. Några faktorer som framkom i studien var en rädsla för att fråga om våld i nära relationer, kunskapsbrist samt otillräckliga resurser. En annan faktor som framkom var att samtliga deltagare visar både på vilja och engagemang att lyfta frågeställningar om hot och våld i nära relationer i samtal med medarbetare. Resultatet visar att cheferna upplevde en kunskaps- och resursbrist inom verksamheterna kring frågan om våld i nära relationer. Studiens resultat indikerar att det finns förbättringsmöjligheter och att denna frågan borde vara högre prioriterad inom den kommunala vård- och omsorgen. / Domestic violence is classified as a public health problem, and studies show that the workplace can have an important function in helping and support people exposed to violence (Holmgren & Grünbaum, 2021, p. 45; Strand, 2022, p. 51; Charlott, Cleroux, Lopez & Scott , 2021). Men's violence against women and domestic violence means that the violence is perpetrated by a person who is in the victim's vicinity. Women are more exposed to violence than men. Health care is abusiness where approximately 80 percent of the employees are women (Strand, 2020, pp. 27-28; Hydén, Överlien, Ericson, Wiman & Grönberg Eskel, 2016, pp. 3; SKR, 2016). Being exposed to domestic violence can have a negative impact on the ability to work (Skoog Waller, 2022). Jämställdhetsmyndigheten (2022) calls on employers to work actively to identify and prevent domestic violence among employees. The workplace can act as a haven for people exposed to domestic violence, highlighting the important function of the workplace (Katula, 2012). Hence, it is interesting to examine how first-line managers in municipal health and social care work with domestic violence. The purpose of the study is to increase knowledge about how first-line managers in municipal health and care work with domestic violence if the employee is exposed to violence. The study was carried out using a qualitative method, and the sample consisted of ten first-line managers in municipal care and social care operations from nine different municipalities in Sweden. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and a qualitative content analysis was used to process the text. Based on the purpose of the study to increase knowledge about how first-line managers work and which factors can affect the way first-line managers work if employees are exposed to domestic violence. This is to be able to provide support to employees who are exposed to violence. Since it is working methods that are to be studied, it seems appropriate to interpret the content of the interviews using the concepts of Understanding, Willing and Knowing from Lundquist's (1992, pp. 75-77) implementation theory. These three concepts are a prerequisite for introducing working methods since the purpose of the study is to investigate the working methods of first-line managers. These concepts were used as interpretation support in the analysis work. The results showed that the leadership style is important in meeting with people who are exposed or have been exposed to threats and domestic violence. Furthermore, it emerged that nine out of ten managers lack routines regarding support for employees who are exposed to domestic violence. Some factors that appeared in the study were a fear of asking about domestic violence, a lack of knowledge, and insufficient resources. Another factor that appeared was that all participants have both a willingness and commitment to raise questions about threats and domestic violence in conversations with employees. The results show that the managers experienced a lack of knowledge and resources within the operations regarding the issue of domestic violence. The results of the study indicate that there are opportunities for improvement and that this issue should be a higher priority within the municipal health and care system.
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Inget sitter i väggarna – Organisationskultur och ledarskap : Vägen till hållbart ledarskap inom vård och omsorg / Organizational culture and leadership : The way to sustainable leadership in nursing careAgic, Alma, Norlander Ekberg, Erika January 2023 (has links)
I Sverige finns ett gemensamt mål att bedriva en god och lika vård på lika villkor för alla. Vård- och omsorgssektorn står inför stora framtida utmaningar utifrån kompetensförsörjningen för att kunna bedriva en god vård. För att attrahera och behålla arbetskraft är det av stor vikt att prioritera arbetsmiljöarbetet och stärka ledarskapet. Organisationens syn på ledarskap påverkar vilka chefer som rekryteras och förutsättningarna för hur ledarskap skapas och utvecklas. Förstalinje chefer inom vård och omsorg har komplexa uppdrag i jämförelse med chefer inom andra branscher med tanke på storlek på arbetsgrupper, uppdragsbeskrivning, ekonomiska utmaningar och sämre organisatoriskt stöd. Organisationerna inom vård- och omsorg har färdigställd värdegrund som en del av marknadsföringsfilosofi och från ledning önskad organisationskultur, medan arbetsplatser har utvecklat egna kulturer och normer vilket leder till att förstalinje chefer hamnar i svår position då dem ska balansera mellan dessa kulturer. Tidigare forskning har påvisat att hållbart ledarskap har stor vikt för både organisationen, arbetsplatsen och förstalinjens chefer. Syftet med studien var att med fokus på vård och omsorg, undersöka huruvida det ömsesidiga förhållandet mellan ledarskap, psykologisk trygghet, mångfald organisationskultur och arbetsplatskultur främjar ett hållbart ledarskap. Metoden som använts är kvalitativ metod, där sex förstalinje chefer från olika delar av vård- och omsorg intervjuats då målet var att undersöka deras upplevelser och erfarenheter för att få en ökad förståelse hur organisationskultur och arbetsplatskultur påverkar och påverkas av ledarskapet. Intervjuerna har analyserats och sammanfattats utifrån följande kategorier: organisationskultur, arbetsplatskultur, psykologisk trygghet samt ledarskap och hållbart ledarskap. Resultatet har påvisat en betydlig skillnad mellan organisationskulturen och arbetsplatskulturen samt deras påverkan på förstalinje chefer och dennes ledarskap. Vidare, har det påvisat att förstalinje chefer upplever att ledarskapet blir mindre hållbart utifrån organisationskultur, medan mer hållbart utifrån arbetsplatskultur. Förstalinje chefer arbetar i hög grad att implementera en hållbar arbetsplatskultur där de poängterar vikten av ett närvarande och tillitsbaserat ledarskap. / In Sweden, there is a collective goal of providing high-quality and equitable care on equal terms for all. The health and social care sector faces significant future challenges in the area of competence maintenance in order to be able to provide high-quality care. To attract and retain a workforce, it is of great importance to prioritize work environment management and strengthen leadership. An organization’s perspective on leadership impacts which managers are recruited and the conditions for how leadership is created and developed. Taking into consideration the size of work groups, mission statement, economic challenges and comparatively weak organizational support, first line managers within health and social care have complex assignments in comparison with managers in other sectors. Organizations within the health and social care sector have finalized values as a part of their marketing philosophy and the organizational culture desired by leadership, while workplaces have developed their own cultures and norms, which leads to first line managers being placed in the difficult position of balancing between these cultures. Previous research has demonstrated that sustainable leadership is of great importance for organizations, workplaces, and first line managers. The purpose of this study was to, with a focus on health and social care, investigate to what extent the reciprocal relationship between leadership, psychological security, diverse organizational cultures and work cultures promotes sustainable leadership. The method of this study is a qualitative one, based on interviews conducted with six first line managers from different areas within the health and social care sector, with the goal of investigating their experiences in order to gain an increased understanding of how organizational culture and workplace culture affect and are affected by leadership. We have analyzed and summarized these interviews in relation to the following categories: organizational culture, workplace culture, psychological security, leadership and sustainable leadership. The results demonstrate a significant distinction between organizational culture and workplace culture, as well as their impact on first line managers and their leadership. Furthermore, they demonstrate that first line managers feel that leadership becomes less sustainable in relation to organizational culture, but more sustainable in relation to workplace culture. First line managers work extensively with the implementation of sustainable workplace cultures, where they stress the importance of a present and trustbased leadership.
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Choosing the Right Treatment Option for the Right R/M HNSCC Patient: Should We Adhere to PFE for First-Line Therapy?Lübbers, Katharina, Pavlychenko, Mykola, Wald, Theresa, Wiegand, Susanne, Dietz, Andreas, Zebralla, Veit, Wichmann, Gunnar 30 March 2023 (has links)
Background: The landmark EXTREME trial established cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil and
cetuximab (PFE) as first-line chemotherapy (1L-ChT) for recurrent/metastatic head and
neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). We were interested in outcome differences
of R/M HNSCC in 1L-ChT and factors influencing outcome in certain subgroups,
especially patients receiving PFE, and the value of PFE compared to other 1L-ChT
regimens to provide real world evidence (RWE).
Methods: For this retrospective monocentric study, 124 R/M HNSCC patients without
curative surgical or radiotherapy options receiving at least one cycle of 1L-ChT were
eligible. We analyzed their outcome using Kaplan-Meier plot and Cox regression to identify
predictors for prolonged survival.
Results: Subgroups benefiting significantly from PFE were patients suffering from an
index HNSCC outside the oropharynx. The PFE regimen proved to be superior to all other
1L-ChT regimens in clinical routine. Significant outcome differences between PFE
treatment within or outside controlled trials were not seen.
Conclusion: This retrospective analysis provides RWE for factors linked to improved
outcome. Subgroup analyses highlight the lasting value of PFE among the growing
spectrum of 1L-ChT. Importantly, fit smokers with high level alcohol consumption benefit
from PFE; considering the patient’s lifestyle factors, PFE should not be ignored in
decision-making.
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Att leda socialt arbete i skymningsläge och krig : En kvantitativ studie om enhetchefers perspektiv på krisberedskap på vård- och omsorgsboenden / Leading social work in grayzone and war : A quantitative study on first line managers' perspectives on crises preparedness in elder care facilitiesRasmusson, Amalia, Rasmusson, Sigrid January 2024 (has links)
The aim of this study was to examine the level of crisis readiness within the eldercare sector. Because of the worsened security landscape in the world, crisis readiness has become a focal point on the political agenda. The crisis we explore are the types of crisis that could follow a war or the grayzone between war and peace which in Swedish is called “skymningsläge”. The crisis we focus on in the study are power failure, crisis regarding water supply, food and medicin distribution and cyber-attacks. Our survey aimed to explore the new institutional theory to gain insights into the dynamics of social work within the context of crisis management,focusing on organizations' adaptability to new security challenges. By examining the responses of frontline managers, we sought to understand the impact the organizations have on the elder care facilities. Our findings showed discrepancies between municipal and private sectors with front line managers within the private sector demonstrating a culture of greater openness to make changes for improved crisis readiness. However, in terms of crisis readiness, no significant advantage was found for private facilities. By exploring the perspectives of the first line managers we could also understand what impact the organizations have on the managers situation. Our study also showed a correlation between training in crisis management and confidence in leading during crises. The survey also showed that the organizations has taken measures to develop crisis readiness after the pandemic to be more resilient.
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Validering van 'n gerekenariseerde simulasietegniek vir die meting van kliëntediensvaardighede / The validation of a computerized simulation technique for the measurement of customer services skillsBotha, Mathilda Martha Maria 12 1900 (has links)
Gehaltediens lei tot effektiwiteit in enige organisasie. Die meting hiervan behoort 'n prioriteit te
wees, maar geskikte, gevalideerde, wetenskaplike meetinstrumente hiervoor bestaan nie.
Die algemene doel van die navorsing was die validering van 'n gerekenariseerde simulasietegniek
("Business Principles Orientation") vir die meting van klientediensvaardighede.
In die literatuuroorsig is klientediens gedefinieer en vyf dimensies van gehaltediens gei:dentifiseer.
Deur empiriese navorsing is die gerekenariseerde simulasietegniek ("Business Principles
Orientation") se meting van klientediensvaardighede bepaal, deur dit afte neem op 'n steekproef
van 28 kassiere in 'n supermark. Hierdie instrument is gekorreleer met die Servqual-vraelys.
Die resultate dui op 'n swak verband tussen die veranderlikes van die Servqual-vraelys en
gerekenariseerde simulasietegniek. Hiervolgens is die gerekenariseerde simulasietegniek en die
ontwikkelingsverslag wat dit verskaf, nie geldig in die meting van klientdiensvaardighede nie.
Aanbevelings ten opsigte van die instrument se verdere verfyning en navorsing word geformuleer. / Quality service leads to effectiveness in any organisation. The measurement of effectiveness
should be a priority, but suitable, valid and scientific measurement instruments for this purpose
does not exist.
The general aim of the research was the validation of a computerized simulation technique
("Business Principles Orientation") for the measurement of client service skills.
In the literature survey, quality service was defined and five dimensions of quality service
identified. In the empirical research the measurement of client service skills through the use of the
computerized technique ("Business Priciples Orientation"), was determined by testing it on a
sample of 28 cashiers from a supermarket. This instrument was correlated with the Servqual-questionaire.
The results show little correlation between the variables of the Servqual questionaire and
computerized simulation technique. In terms hereof the computerized simulation technique and
development report that it provides, is not valid in the measurement of client care skills.
Recommendations for further refinement and research pertaining to this instrument is formulated. / Industrial & Organisational Psychology / M.A. (Bedryfsielkunde)
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Establishing a recovery orientation in first line mental health teams in Québec : perspectives from social workers and managersKhoury, Emmanuelle 08 1900 (has links)
Le Plan d’action en santé mentale institué en 2005 marque le début d’une période de changements profonds qui auront un impact significatif sur les équipes de première ligne qui assurent la plupart des services au Québec. Le changement se manifestera sur deux fronts distincts. En premier lieu, le passage de services historiquement ancrés dans un modèle biomédical vers des services centrés sur le rétablissement. En second lieu, l’adoption de processus administratifs s’inscrivant dans une philosophie de gestion axée sur les résultats qui ont pour objectif de mesurer et d’assurer l’efficacité des services.
L'objectif de cette étude est d’explorer le statu du développement des pratiques axées sur le rétablissement au niveau des travailleurs sociaux de première ligne dans le contexte administratif mentionné ci-haut. Le travail de recherche qualitatif et exploratoire est construit sur l’analyse de 11 interviews semi structurés avec des travailleurs sociaux et des gestionnaires dans des équipes de première ligne en santé mentale. Les entretiens m’ont non seulement permis d’identifier et d’examiner des actions concrètes s’inscrivant dans l’effort d’implantation du Plan d’action mais aussi de sonder et d’explorer la signification qui est donnée au rétablissement par les travailleurs sociaux de première ligne.
Les résultats indiquent que certains facteurs relatifs à l'organisation du travail tels que la flexibilité, l'autonomie, la réflexivité et l’interdisciplinarité peuvent favoriser une pratique orientée vers le rétablissement. Aussi, les résultats démontrent que le modèle du rétablissement et la profession du travail social partagent des valeurs fondamentales mais que la signification et l'expression du rétablissement ont été profondément influencés par les modèles organisationnels et obligations administratives en vigueur. Il appert que les travailleurs sociaux sont confrontés, dans leur pratique, à des contraintes qui dépassent leur mandat professionnel et, à certains égards, leur savoir-faire.
En somme, les résultats obtenus indiquent que le passage avec succès vers la pratique de services basés sur le rétablissement est compromis par les exigences d’un modèle de gestion axé sur les résultats. / Following the 2005 Mental Health Action Plan most mental health services are offered in primary care teams. This policy called for a paradigm shift away from a biomedical model of care toward a process-focused ‘recovery’ orientation in mental health. Concurrently, it called for the use of a results-orientation that is outcome-focused in order to ensure efficiency.
The objective of this research project was to explore the development of recovery-oriented practices among social workers in first line mental health teams in Québec. To do this, I investigated the microprocesses of implementing recovery-oriented services and practices alongside results-oriented management techniques. In addition, this project explored the saliency of a recovery orientation specifically for first line mental health social workers.
This qualitative, exploratory study consisted of 11 semi-structured interviews with social workers and managers in first line mental health teams. The results indicate that certain aspects of work organization, such as flexibility, autonomy, reflexivity, training, and interdisciplinarity can foster a practice that is recovery-oriented. In addition, the results show that the foundations of both the recovery orientation and the social work profession share common values. However, social workers face constraints to practice that go beyond their know-how and professional base.
Our exploratory study leads us to contemplate the influence of work organization on changing practice. The results suggest that practicing from a recovery orientation was a shared ideal among the participants but that the meaning and expression of this ideal was profoundly shaped by practice contexts. The implications of these results are that recovery-oriented systems will be difficult to develop in a result-oriented paradigm.
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La signification expérientielle et les facteurs qui influencent la qualité de vie au travail des cadres gestionnaires infirmiers de premier niveau œuvrant en établissements de santéBrousseau, Sylvain 08 1900 (has links)
Au cours des trois dernières décennies, le travail quotidien des cadres gestionnaires infirmiers de premier niveau (CGIPN) a subi de profondes transformations quant aux rôles qu’ils occupent et aux responsabilités qui leur incombent dans les divers établissements de santé. Ces CGIPN vivent et subissent de la pression au regard de leur charge de travail, faisant en sorte qu’ils perçoivent avoir peu de temps pour réaliser adéquatement leur travail en gestion, et que plusieurs infirmières de la relève qui souhaitent faire carrière en gestion se questionnent sur la possibilité d’œuvrer dans ce domaine de la pratique. Peu d’études portent sur l’état de la qualité de vie au travail (QVT) chez ces professionnels. Divisé en trois volets, le projet de recherche mixte séquentielle exploratoire a pour objectif général d’explorer la QVT chez les CGIPN et les facteurs qui l’influencent dans les divers établissements de santé québécois. Les objectifs spécifiques visent à : 1) décrire et comprendre ce que signifie la QVT auprès des 14 CGIPN œuvrant en Centre hospitalier affilié (CHA) à l’Université, 2) décrire et comprendre ce que signifie l’absence d’une QVT auprès des CGIPN en CHA, 3) développer et valider un nouvel instrument de mesure des facteurs favorables et défavorables pouvant influer sur la QVT à partir des données qualitatives auprès de CGIPN (n= 11) œuvrant en Centre de santé et des services sociaux et de CGIPN (n= 11) en Centre hospitalier universitaire, 4) identifier et mesurer les facteurs qui influencent la QVT des CGIPN (n= 291) travaillant dans divers établissements publics de santé et 5) déterminer si les caractéristiques sociodémographiques influencent le choix des facteurs de la QVT. Inspiré de la philosophie du Human caring de Watson comme perspective disciplinaire, le premier volet qualitatif fait appel à une méthode phénoménologique descriptive husserlienne. Pour ce faire, deux séries d’entretiens semi-dirigés à l’aide d’un guide d’entrevue visent à répondre aux deux premiers objectifs. Le second volet cible l’élaboration et la validation d’un instrument de mesure permettant de répondre au troisième objectif de la recherche et le dernier volet, de type quantitatif corrélationnel, s’applique à répondre aux deux derniers objectifs. Dans la première phase, l’analyse visuelle des données qualitatives (verbatim) permet l’émergence des résultats qualitatifs, soit de cinq eidos-thèmes favorables exprimés par les participants et décrits par ordre d’importance : 1) l’actualisation du leadership et des habiletés politiques pour l’amélioration de la qualité des soins infirmiers, 2) les éléments contextuels propices à l’humanisation organisationnelle, 3) le soutien organisationnel favorisant l’épanouissement socioprofessionnel et personnel, 4) l’organisation apprenante favorisant le développement des compétences en gestion des soins infirmiers et 5) l’accompagnement personnalisé répondant aux besoins spécifiques des novices en gestion des soins infirmiers. L’essence de la QVT pour les CGIPN se définit par l’émancipation socioprofessionnelle du cadre gestionnaire infirmier de premier niveau dans sa pratique clinico-administrative au sein d’une organisation humaniste. De plus, trois eidos-thèmes défavorables se dégagent des analyses qualitatives. Les résultats, décrits par ordre d’importance, sont : 1) la déshumanisation organisationnelle, 2) les conditions défavorables à la pratique en gestion des soins infirmiers et 3) l’accompagnement insuffisant des gestionnaires infirmiers novices. L’essence de l’absence d’une QVT pour les CGIPN se présente comme la dysharmonie au travail du cadre gestionnaire infirmier de premier niveau à l’intérieur d’une structure organisationnelle déshumanisante mettant en péril sa pratique clinico-administrative. Par la suite, une mise en relation des deux essences du phénomène a permis de faire émerger la signification universelle de l’expérience de la QVT et l’absence de celle-ci pour des CGIPN œuvrant en CHA comme étant : une dialectique en administration des services infirmiers dans laquelle se vit des pratiques humanisantes permettant l’atteinte d’un idéal de QVT, en coexistence avec des pratiques déshumanisantes conduisant à l’absence de QVT. Afin de respecter les postulats des méthodes quantitatives, les huit eidos-thèmes qui émergent de la première phase qualitative se transforment en facteurs favorables (FF) et défavorables (FD) à la QVT pour la réalisation des deuxième et troisième phases de la recherche. Dans la seconde phase, le construit théorique qui provient des huit eidos-thèmes et 23 thèmes permet de développer un nouvel instrument de mesure qui s’avère unique à cette population à l’étude. L’analyse psychométrique de l’instrument de mesure (questionnaire auto-administré en mode électronique) permet l’obtention d’un score global du coefficient alpha de Cronbach (α) de 0,93, ce qui est jugé excellent. Dans la troisième et dernière phase, les analyses statistiques des données (logiciel SPSS, version 22 pour Windows 7, 2013) issues de l’enquête quantitative provinciale en ligne (Web) mettent en évidence des résultats probants. Les résultats du questionnaire en ligne avec une échelle ordinale à cinq niveaux révèlent un score global du coefficient alpha de Cronbach à 0,95. De plus, les résultats quantitatifs suggèrent que les facteurs favorables (FF) à la QVT ont des scores moyens de 3,99 (FF1), 3,97 (FF2), 3,96 (FF3), 3,72 (FF4) et 3,53 (FF5) et les trois facteurs défavorables (FD) à la QVT ont des scores moyens de 3,91(FD1), 3,78 (FD2) et 3,56 (FD3). Ces facteurs correspondent aux eidos-thèmes favorables et défavorables de la QVT du volet qualitatif phénoménologique. Les résultats quantitatifs révèlent quelques relations significatives des caractéristiques sociodémographiques (âge et années d’expérience) sur le choix des facteurs qui influencent le plus fortement la QVT. En conclusion, le fait de pouvoir mieux décrire et comprendre la signification de la QVT ainsi que son absence et de pouvoir identifier les facteurs qui sont les plus susceptibles de l’influencer permet de formuler des recommandations pour les quatre domaines de la pratique infirmière. Des pistes d’avenues sont formulées pour maintenir la relève infirmière à des postes de CGIPN au sein des organisations de santé en lui assurant des moyens pour optimiser humainement sa QVT. / For the past three decades, first-line nurse managers’ daily work has undergone profound changes with respect to the roles they play and their compulsory responsibilities in various health care facilities. First-line nurse managers (FLNMs) are under pressure in regard to their workload; they find that they have little time to suitably accomplish their management work. Few studies address the quality of work life (QWL) of these health care professionals. The sequential and exploratory mixed methods research project is divided into three phases, and explores the QWL of FLNMs, as well as factors that influence FLNMs in various health care facilities in Quebec. Specific goals will : 1) describe and understandthe meaning of QWL according to 14 FLNMs working in the university-affiliated hospital (CHA), 2) describe and understandthe meaning of a lack of QWL among FLNMs in the CHA, 3) develop and validate a new measuring instrument of favourable and unfavourable factors that impact QWL of FLNMs’ within their health and social services network and university health centre (n= 11), 4) identify and measure factors influencing FLNMs’ QWL (n= 291), and 5) determine socio-demographic characteristics that may influence the choice of factors that affect QWL. Inspired from Watson’s Human caring philosophy as a disciplinary perspective, the first qualitative section uses a Husserlian descriptive phenomenological method. Two series of semi-structured interviews, using an interview guide, met the first two goals. The second section targets the development and validation of a measuring instrument that will allow us to meet the research goal. The last section refers to the correlational quantitative method, and it meets the last two goals. In phase one, a visual analysis of the qualitative data (verbatim) yields qualitative results that include five favourable eidos-themes expressed by participants, and are described in order of importance, namely : 1) an update to leadership and policy-making skills to improve health care quality, 2) contextual factors that promote organizational humanization, 3) organizational support to foster personal and socio-professional satisfaction, 4) a learning organization committed to skills development in health care management, and 5) personalized training to meet the specific needs of health care management beginners. The essence of FLNMs’ QWL is defined as the first-line nurse manager’s socio-professional emancipation in his or her clinical-administrative practices within a humanist organization. Three unfavourable eidos-themes emerge from the qualitative analyses. Here are the described results in order of importance : 1) organizational dehumanization, 2) unfavourable conditions in nursing management, and 3) insufficient support for beginner health care managers. The lack of QWL for FLNMs is described as disharmony in the first-line nurse manager’s workplace within a dehumanized organizational structure that jeopardizes his or her clinical and administrative practices. Consequently, comparing these two fundamental aspects of the phenomenon revealed the universal meaning of QWL, and its absence among F-LNMs working in university-affiliated hospitals, as being a dialectic in nursing administration in which humanist practices that allow attainment of a QWL ideal coexist with dehumanizing practices that work against QWL. Inorder to respect the quantitative methods’ principles, the eight eidos-themes emerging from the first phase are changed into favourable factors (FF) or unfavourable factors (UF) for QWL, and are used to carry out the second and third research phases. In the second phase, the theoretical construct based on the eight eidos-themes and twenty-three themes identified by the new measuring tool is unique to the population under consideration. The instrument’s psychometric analysis—a self-administered online questionnaire—obtained an overall Cronbach alpha score (α) of 0.93. This is considered excellent. In the third and last phase, a statistical analyses (SPSS software, version 22 for Windows 7) (2013) of Quebec’s online quantitative survey highlight conclusive results. Results from the online questionnaire, with a five-level ordinal scale, show an overall Cronbach alpha score of 0.95. Quantitative results suggest that QWL favourable factors (FF) have average scores of 3.99 (FF1), 3.97 (FF2), 3.96 (FF3), 3.72 (FF4), and 3.53 (FF5). QWL unfavourable factors (UF) have average scores of 3.91 (UF1), 3.78 (UF2), and 3.56 (UF3). These factors are equivalent to QWL’s favourable and unfavourable eidos-themes found in the qualitative phenomenological section. The quantitative results show some significant connections between socio-demographic characteristics, such as age and years of experience, and the choice of factors that affect QWL In conclusion, a better describing and understanding the meaning of QWL or lack thereof, as well as identifying the most likely factors to influence QWL, enables us to provide recommendations in the fourth areas of nursing practice. Approaches are proposed to maintain the next generation of FLNM job positions in health care organizations, while ensuring resources to suitably maximize FLNMs’ QWL.
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La prescription infirmière : expériences d'infirmières québécoisesDesjardins, Andrée-Anne 07 1900 (has links)
No description available.
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Establishing a recovery orientation in first line mental health teams in Québec : perspectives from social workers and managersKhoury, Emmanuelle 08 1900 (has links)
Le Plan d’action en santé mentale institué en 2005 marque le début d’une période de changements profonds qui auront un impact significatif sur les équipes de première ligne qui assurent la plupart des services au Québec. Le changement se manifestera sur deux fronts distincts. En premier lieu, le passage de services historiquement ancrés dans un modèle biomédical vers des services centrés sur le rétablissement. En second lieu, l’adoption de processus administratifs s’inscrivant dans une philosophie de gestion axée sur les résultats qui ont pour objectif de mesurer et d’assurer l’efficacité des services.
L'objectif de cette étude est d’explorer le statu du développement des pratiques axées sur le rétablissement au niveau des travailleurs sociaux de première ligne dans le contexte administratif mentionné ci-haut. Le travail de recherche qualitatif et exploratoire est construit sur l’analyse de 11 interviews semi structurés avec des travailleurs sociaux et des gestionnaires dans des équipes de première ligne en santé mentale. Les entretiens m’ont non seulement permis d’identifier et d’examiner des actions concrètes s’inscrivant dans l’effort d’implantation du Plan d’action mais aussi de sonder et d’explorer la signification qui est donnée au rétablissement par les travailleurs sociaux de première ligne.
Les résultats indiquent que certains facteurs relatifs à l'organisation du travail tels que la flexibilité, l'autonomie, la réflexivité et l’interdisciplinarité peuvent favoriser une pratique orientée vers le rétablissement. Aussi, les résultats démontrent que le modèle du rétablissement et la profession du travail social partagent des valeurs fondamentales mais que la signification et l'expression du rétablissement ont été profondément influencés par les modèles organisationnels et obligations administratives en vigueur. Il appert que les travailleurs sociaux sont confrontés, dans leur pratique, à des contraintes qui dépassent leur mandat professionnel et, à certains égards, leur savoir-faire.
En somme, les résultats obtenus indiquent que le passage avec succès vers la pratique de services basés sur le rétablissement est compromis par les exigences d’un modèle de gestion axé sur les résultats. / Following the 2005 Mental Health Action Plan most mental health services are offered in primary care teams. This policy called for a paradigm shift away from a biomedical model of care toward a process-focused ‘recovery’ orientation in mental health. Concurrently, it called for the use of a results-orientation that is outcome-focused in order to ensure efficiency.
The objective of this research project was to explore the development of recovery-oriented practices among social workers in first line mental health teams in Québec. To do this, I investigated the microprocesses of implementing recovery-oriented services and practices alongside results-oriented management techniques. In addition, this project explored the saliency of a recovery orientation specifically for first line mental health social workers.
This qualitative, exploratory study consisted of 11 semi-structured interviews with social workers and managers in first line mental health teams. The results indicate that certain aspects of work organization, such as flexibility, autonomy, reflexivity, training, and interdisciplinarity can foster a practice that is recovery-oriented. In addition, the results show that the foundations of both the recovery orientation and the social work profession share common values. However, social workers face constraints to practice that go beyond their know-how and professional base.
Our exploratory study leads us to contemplate the influence of work organization on changing practice. The results suggest that practicing from a recovery orientation was a shared ideal among the participants but that the meaning and expression of this ideal was profoundly shaped by practice contexts. The implications of these results are that recovery-oriented systems will be difficult to develop in a result-oriented paradigm.
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The role of human resource management in supporting the strategic objectives of the Environmental Programmes Branch of the Department of Environmental AffairsChibi, Sibusiso Desmond 06 1900 (has links)
The study employed a quantitative research method, which is descriptive in nature, to determine the role of Human Resource Management in supporting the strategic objectives of the Department of Environmental Affairs. This interest was explored with particular reference to the Environmental Programmes branch of the Department of Environmental Affairs. Data was gathered from senior, middle and junior managers through self-administered questionnaires and it was then analysed using statistical methods and graphs. The findings reveal that the role of Human Resource Management in supporting the strategic objectives of the Department of Environmental Affairs is not efficiently elevated or viewed to have any influence on the desired goals of the Department of Environmental Affairs. As a result, the Human Resource Management component is not considered a strategic partner. Furthermore, the senior, middle and junior managers know very little about the Human Resource Management strategy and there exists a lack of emphasis on the development and implementation of joint strategic human resource management plans between the managers and the Human Resource Management component. / Public Administration / M.P.A.
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