Title of thesis: Inclusion on the ground fighting techniques in the system of close combat in the Army of the Czech Republic. Aim of thesis: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of termination, the risk of injury and severity of selected techniques of fighting on the ground in order to create a theoretical model for the incorporation of new techniques into close combat training in the Army of the Czech Republic. Methods: This thesis is processed by multivariate preferences. IAC group of senior mentors and close combat instructors evaluated using a printed questionnaire completion efficiency, risk of injury and severity of the performance of six combat techniques on the ground in design with no weapon and then in the version with weapons (assault with a knife during the implementation techniques) marks 1 "worst" to 3 "best". To summarize the evaluation I used tables showing the frequency of individual signs and then multiply the resulting frequency value equal to the value of the mark, below which the frequency is. The data obtained from the product of the frequency and the added values allowed us to compare techniques between themselves and determine their mutual order. Results: Despite the chosen criteria evaluated for divergence of selected techniques and access to the results...

Cette thèse voudrait faire connaître la pensée de Francisco Canals, philosophe catalan qui s’inscrit dans la tradition de la philosophie thomiste mais avec beaucoup de particularités. L’œuvre de Canals est principalement un effort de fondation de la métaphysique, dans le sillage de Joseph Maréchal.Nous présentons un élément qui transperce toute l’œuvre de Canals: l’auto-connaissance de l’âme. Nous allons voir si la doctrine de Canals sur la cognitio de anima secundum quod habet esse, un des fondements de la métaphysique selon lui, peut être considérée comme un élément central et structurant de toute sa pensée. Nous pensons, en effet, que cet élément permet à Canals d’avoir une vocation systématique et une compréhension unitaire de toute la philosophie.Une présentation unitaire et systématique de la pensée originale de Canals constitue une invitation à considérer plus cet auteur et sans doute un apport à l’Académie. / The aim of my thesis is for the reader to become acquainted with the thought of Francisco Canals, a Catalan philosopher whose work builds on the tradition of thomistic philosophy yet with many specific particularities. Canals’ work is mainly an attempt to lay the ground for metaphysics, building on Joseph Maréchal’s work. In this thesis I will focus on one aspect underlying the whole of Canals’ work : the soul’s knowledge of itself. My aim is to assess the extent to which Canals’ theory on cognitio de anima secundum quod habet esse, which is, according to him, one of the fundamental bases of metaphysics, may be considered a core element and a driving principle for the whole of his thought. Indeed my view is that this one point is what enables Canals to develop a systematic and comprehensive understanding of the whole of philosophy. This unified and systematic approach to Canals’ original thought should be taken as an invitation to give greater importance that author and shall hopefully be considered helpful in the academic field.

In contrast to his rationalist predecessors, Kant insists that feeling has a pos- itive role to play in moral life. But the exact nature of this role is far from clear. As much as Kant insists that moral action must proceed from a feeling of respect, he maintains with equal insistence that the objective basis of acting from duty must come from practical reason alone, and that when we act from duty we must exclude sensibility from the determining grounds of choice. In what way, then, is respect for the law a feeling? And what place does this feeling have—if any—in Kant’s ethics? The aim of my dissertation is to answer these questions, in part through a close engagement with Kant’s second Critique. I provide a close reading of his claim that our recognition of the moral law must effect both painful and pleasurable feelings in us, and I argue that these feelings, for Kant, are meant to explain how the moral law can figure into the basis of a maxim. By showing why our recognition of the law must be painful from the perspective of self-love, but pleasurable from the perspective of practical reason, Kant is able to show how our desires can acquire normative direction. On my reading, then, the theory of moral sensibility we find in the second Critique addresses a rather troubling form of skepticism: skepticism about moral motivation.In the course of defending this claim, I provide an alternative reading of the development of Kant’s project of moral justification from Groundwork III to the second Critique. Against a wide-spread view in the literature, I suggest that what changes between these texts is not a direction of argument (from freedom to morality, or morality to freedom), but a methodological shift toward the concept of human sensibility. In the later work, I argue, Kant develops a novel approach to moral feeling from the perspective of the deliberating agent; and this in turn clears room in Kant’s ethics for a new kind of a priori knowledge—namely, knowledge of what the activity of practical reason must feel like. The broader aim of my dissertation is thus to put Kant’s work on meta-ethics and moral psychology in closer proximity.

In contrast to his rationalist predecessors, Kant insists that feeling has a pos- itive role to play in moral life. But the exact nature of this role is far from clear. As much as Kant insists that moral action must proceed from a feeling of respect, he maintains with equal insistence that the objective basis of acting from duty must come from practical reason alone, and that when we act from duty we must exclude sensibility from the determining grounds of choice. In what way, then, is respect for the law a feeling? And what place does this feeling have—if any—in Kant’s ethics? The aim of my dissertation is to answer these questions, in part through a close engagement with Kant’s second Critique. I provide a close reading of his claim that our recognition of the moral law must effect both painful and pleasurable feelings in us, and I argue that these feelings, for Kant, are meant to explain how the moral law can figure into the basis of a maxim. By showing why our recognition of the law must be painful from the perspective of self-love, but pleasurable from the perspective of practical reason, Kant is able to show how our desires can acquire normative direction. On my reading, then, the theory of moral sensibility we find in the second Critique addresses a rather troubling form of skepticism: skepticism about moral motivation.In the course of defending this claim, I provide an alternative reading of the development of Kant’s project of moral justification from Groundwork III to the second Critique. Against a wide-spread view in the literature, I suggest that what changes between these texts is not a direction of argument (from freedom to morality, or morality to freedom), but a methodological shift toward the concept of human sensibility. In the later work, I argue, Kant develops a novel approach to moral feeling from the perspective of the deliberating agent; and this in turn clears room in Kant’s ethics for a new kind of a priori knowledge—namely, knowledge of what the activity of practical reason must feel like. The broader aim of my dissertation is thus to put Kant’s work on meta-ethics and moral psychology in closer proximity.

Dealing with invasive alien species (IAS), have become a more common problem for themunicipalities of Sweden over the past years. IAS is one of the largest threats to biologicaldiversity and the spread of invasive alien plants is caused by transportation, travel, climatechanges but also infrastructure projects. Thus, the risk of spreading them must be dealt withearly in the progress of handling soil masses. This study examines if recommended routines(with the aim of reducing the risk of spreading invasive plants) are incorporated inmunicipalities and how well they function. It further examines if routines for invasive plantsare related to the size of the municipality, due to differences in economy and resources. Aform was sent to all 290 municipalities in Sweden and 132 answered. The results show thatmany of the recommended routines are not well incorporated across municipalities. Routineswith demands of knowledge about IAS to coworkers or entrepreneurs is less functioning thanroutines of intern information, such as where invasive plants are established on propertiesthat’s own by municipalities. Results show that available resources and economy due to sizeof the municipalities do not influence the level of incorporation of routines. It’s warranted formunicipalities to establish functioning routines within the organization to prevent increasingspread of invasive alien plants in an early stage. The issue should be addressed in decisionsmade by politicians to confirm the level of priority since the benefits of prevention is higherthan benefits of elimination and eradication.

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Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-08-04T11:44:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Elton Candido Ribeiro.pdf: 777004 bytes, checksum: d5e6945a62798adb4f9002ce36be78ff (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-04T11:44:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elton Candido Ribeiro.pdf: 777004 bytes, checksum: d5e6945a62798adb4f9002ce36be78ff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-18 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This work aims to study the deduction of the categorical imperative in the third section of Kant’s Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals. Undoubtedly, this deduction is an important Kantian attempt to offer a foundation for his a priori ethics. More than two centuries later, there is no consensus among scholars and commentators regarding what is the structure of the argument, as well as its aim and its importance in the Kantian Critical Philosophy. This thesis is structured in three chapters. The first chapter studies the analysis of the concept of “good will” in the first section of Groundwork. The second chapter follow the analysis of the concept of “finite rational agent” in the second section. Lastly, the third chapter studies the deduction of the categorical imperative in the third section of Groundwork. The argument of the deduction is comprised in the following steps: the analytical relationship between liberty and morality; the presupposition of the effectiveness of the liberty of all rational being; the presupposition of the effectiveness of the liberty of the rational-sensitive being; the deduction of the categorical imperative / Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a dedução do imperativo categórico na terceira seção da Fundamentação da Metafísica dos Costumes, de Immanuel Kant. Sem dúvida, esta dedução é uma importante tentativa do filósofo de oferecer uma fundamentação para sua ética a priori. Mais de dois séculos depois, ainda não há consenso entre os estudiosos e comentadores sobre a estrutura do argumento, seu objetivo e sua importância na filosofia crítica kantiana. Para lidar com a questão, esta dissertação é estruturada em três capítulos. O primeiro capítulo estuda a análise do conceito de "boa vontade" empreendida na primeira seção da Fundamentação. O segundo capítulo segue a análise do conceito de "agente racional finito", na segunda seção. Finalmente, o terceiro capítulo estuda a dedução do imperativo categórico na terceira seção da Fundamentação. O argumento da dedução é compreendido nos seguintes passos: a relação analítica entre liberdade e moralidade; a pressuposição da efetividade da liberdade de todos os seres racionais; a pressuposição da efetividade da liberdade do ser racional-sensível; a dedução do imperativo categórico

The cross-scientific field of Equine Assisted Interventions (EAI) for human health, education and wellbeing is wide, varied, and rapidly growing with an expressed need of increased knowledge. Interventions involving horses are used to address a variety of difficulties and suggested as an alternative option for children and youth in need of support, who for different reasons do not or cannot benefit from traditional therapeutic or educational contexts or settings. Research thus far has mainly investigated outcomes while systematic knowledge about processes and characteristics of these interventions is still lacking. The purpose of the study was to increase knowledge and understanding of EAI for children and youth by exploring key factors and interaction in a Therapeutic Horsemanship groundwork program for disadvantaged Young People. The research was of an exploratory nature, with qualitative research methods and an ethnographic approach where data was collected through a field study based on participant observation and semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed by Reflexive Thematic Analysis. Results show that the interaction can be understood as a triad consisting of child, practitioner(s) and horse. Key factors in the intervention can be understood through eight interrelated themes, divided into Framework Themes and Content Themes. The Framework Themes are Concept, Environment and Activity. The Content Themes are Safe Spaces, Communication is Key, Positive Perceptions, Helping Horses and Learning for Life. These themes interrelate, enabling and affecting the intervention and interaction in the triad. To understand processes in the intervention, findings were interpreted through Experiential Learning Theory and the Biophilia Hypothesis. Results show the significance of the whole concept and the equine environment, and that learning can be identified throughout the intervention. Through interaction, cooperation and training with the horse, the Young Person learns, acquires and develops awareness, competences and skills which can eventually be transferred to their everyday life, thus providing increased social competence and ability to handle difficulties. The intervention can be summarised as being child-centred, horse-focused and action-based. Findings suggest a significance of working exclusively with rescue horses,and that EAI based on groundwork activities can offer a novel and positive experiential learning experience for young people. Findings further suggest that the experiential learning process in EAI may be directable to address various issues, and that EAI/groundwork therefore could be a suitable option for children and youth for whom more traditional or conventional settings for education or therapy are not an option. / Det tvärvetenskapliga fältet hästunderstödda insatser (HUI) för mänsklig hälsa, lärande och välbefinnande är snabbt växande med ett behov av ökad kunskap. Tidigare forskning har huvudsakligen rört eventuella effekter och resultat, medan det saknas systematiserad kunskap om såväl processer som insatsernas karaktär. Studiens syfte var att öka kunskapen om hästunderstödda insatser genom att utforska nyckelfaktorer och interaktion i ett program baserat på markarbete med häst för utsatta barn och ungdomar. Studien var av utforskande karaktär, med en kvalitativ forskningsmetod och ett etnografiskt angreppssätt där datainsamling skedde genom en fältstudie baserad på deltagande observation och semistrukturerade intervjuer. Data analyserades genom Reflexiv Tematisk Analys. Resultaten visar att interaktionen kan förstås som en triad bestående av barn, praktiker och häst. Nyckelfaktorer i interventionen kan förstås genom åtta teman fördelade på två grupper; Ramverksteman: Concept, Environment och Activity, samt Innehållsteman: Safe Spaces, Communication is Key, Positive Perceptions,Helping Horses och Learning for Life. Dessa teman samverkar, möjliggör och påverkar insatsen och interaktionen i triaden. För att förstå processer i insatsen tolkades resultaten genom Experiential Learning Theory och The Biophilia Hypothesis. Resultaten visar en signifikans av hästens miljö, samt att upplevelsebaserat lärande kan identifieras genom hela insatsen, vilken kan sammanfattas som barncentrerad, hästfokuserad och aktivitetsbaserad. Resultaten visar vidare en signifikans av att arbeta uteslutande med hästar som omhändertagits eller omplacerats på grund av tex vanvård, samt att lärande kan identifieras genom hela insatsen och förefaller kunna riktas/anpassas efter olika behov och syften. Hästunderstödda insatser i form av markarbete kan ses som en lämplig metod att erbjuda upplevelsebaserat lärande, och upplevas som en ny och positiv erfarenhet för utsatta barn och ungdomar för vilka mer traditionella insatser inte är ett alternativ. Genom interaktion och samarbete med hästen lär sig, förvärvar och utvecklar barnet/ungdomen medvetande, kunskap och kompetenser vilka kan överföras till deras dagliga liv och leda till bland annat ökad social kompetens och förmåga att hantera svårigheter.

Subject of this master thesis is the structural and technological background for the construction of high school in Rajhrad. This consists of time and finanical plans, technological instructions for the reinforced concrete monolithic skeleton, time schedule, item budget, construction site layout, machinery configuration , audit and evaluation plans, work place safety protocols, environmental plan of the construction site.

This is a scholarly essay in which i examine and reflect on my issues related to digital risk and behavior in school and after-school centre. I have two questions that i wanted to focus on. Both of them that I have to examen on how I as an active pedagogue at a after school center can prepare the pupils on online risks and how to feel safe online, and also I wanted too learn how the personal at after school centre can work together with the parents to get the children resources to feel safe online. I wanted to explore if and how the staff in school and after school centre can give students preparatory work to gear up if they meet abusive behavior online. And the key here is dialogue. But lack of time, understaff or lack of a curriculum makes it sometimes hard do motivate principals and colleagues to set time to learn about digitals risks and the profit of dialogue about digital values. My experience from the work on this essay is that I need to make it visible to my colleagues that we can and need to do this, for the safety off our students and the future online users. / Det här är en essän med syfte att synligöra behovet av digital-värdegrund i skolan och på fritidshemmet. Jag reflekterar över bristen på tid att infoga värdegrunds-arbete i skolan och fritids samt att jag kritiskt granskar mig själv. Essän utgår från egen upplevda händelser och problematiken kring de dolda kränkningar och mobbnings-situationer som sker online och i klassrumsmiljöer. Jag inleder essän med fyra olika gestaltningar där jag reflekterar över mitt egna agerade och om jag kunde agerat annorlunda. Den röda tråden i texten är att jag tror på att samtal mellan elev och pedagog öppnar upp för att förbättra den sociala och digitala miljön på skolan, att dialog är porten till ett öppet klimat mellan barn/vuxen. Min egen erfarenhet och personliga utveckling samt de misstag jag upplever mig gjort under mina år som verksam pedagog finns som exempel i texten och jag hoppas det får läsaren att känna att vi tillsammans kan göra online livet säkrare för våra elever och framtida digitala användare.